辅助生殖与自然受孕双胎妊娠围产结局比较——附1524例临床分析

目的:了解辅助生育技术(ART)是否会增加双胎妊娠的产科并发症和围产儿风险。方法:回顾性分析产前检查及分娩的760例辅助生育受孕双胎孕妇(ART组)和764例自然受孕双胎孕妇(对照组)的妊娠期并发症及新生儿结局。结果:ART组孕妇平均年龄(32.7±3.5岁)高于对照组(30.0±3.7岁),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);ART组前置胎盘、产后出血及妊娠期糖尿病发生率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);ART组择期剖宫产率为85.52%,高于对照组(80.09%),其急诊剖宫产导致早产的比例低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);新生儿出生体质量、新生儿窒息率、先天畸形发生率及新生儿死亡率组间无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:ART在双胎妊娠中会增加前置胎盘、产后出血及妊娠期糖尿病的发生率,但并不增加其他产科主要并发症及围产儿风险,因此,辅助生育受孕双胎孕妇并无预防性减胎的必要。     

辅助生育技术受孕双胎与自然受孕双胎妊娠结局的分析

目的　探讨辅助生育技术受孕 (助孕 )双胎与自然受孕双胎围产期的结局。方法　选择 10 4例助孕双胎孕妇 (助孕组 )和 173例自然受孕双胎孕妇 (自然受孕组 ) ,比较两组孕妇一般情况、妊娠合并症、分娩情况和新生儿预后等方面的差异。结果　 (1)助孕组孕妇平均年龄 (31 2± 3 7)岁 ,自然受孕组孕妇为 (2 7 8± 3 5 )岁 ,两组比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。 (2 )助孕组孕妇早产 70例(6 7 3% ) ,自然受孕组孕妇早产 78例 (45 1% ) ,两组比较 ,差异有极显著性 (P <0 0 1)。助孕组孕妇患妊娠期糖尿病或糖耐量异常 16例 (15 4 % ) ,自然受孕组孕妇仅 4例 (2 3% ) ,两组比较 ,差异有极显著性 (P <0 0 1)。(3)助孕组孕妇剖宫产率为 76 0 % (79/10 4 ) ,明显高于自然受孕组的 6 5 3% (113/173)。(4)两组围产儿死亡率、畸形发生率和新生儿窒息率等比较 ,差异无显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　助孕双胎孕妇年龄较大 ,早产率及妊娠期糖尿病或糖耐量异常发生率高 ;分娩方式以剖宫产为主。助孕双胎孕妇的围产儿结局与自然受孕双胎相似     

不同绒毛膜性自然受孕双胎围产结局分析

目的:回顾分析自然受孕双胎妊娠相关资料,探讨不同绒毛膜性双胎的围产结局。方法:选取2015年6月至2018年5月于福建医科大学附属福建省妇幼保健院产检和分娩(28周以上)的自然受孕双胎妊娠孕妇,其中单绒毛膜双胎(MCT组)321例,根据年龄、孕前体质量指数(BMI)1∶1对照原则,选取同期双绒毛膜双胎(DCT组)321例,分析两组围产结局的差异。结果:642例双胎孕妇的平均年龄为(29.03±4.53)岁,孕前BMI为(20.73±2.51)kg/m~2,分娩孕周平均为(35.58±2.21)周,新生儿平均出生体重为(2148.89±221.4)g。母、儿围产结局发生前五位的分别为:早产、贫血、胎膜早破、GDM和妊娠期高血压疾病;新生儿高胆红素血症、新生儿畸形、双胎出生体重不一致、小于胎龄儿和新生儿窒息。其中早产的发生率最高,为55.61%。MCT组的早产、34周早产、脐带帆状附着、双胎出生体重不一致的发生率高于DCT组,但新生儿畸形、新生儿高胆红素血症发生率低于DCT组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组的妊娠期高血压疾病、胎膜早破、贫血、前置胎盘、胎盘早剥、一胎羊水过多、剖宫产率,以及新生儿窒息、小于胎龄儿、围产儿死亡发生率等方面比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:单绒毛膜性双胎增加母儿不良妊娠结局的发生率,根据双胎绒毛膜性做好详细的孕期保健,对提高母儿围产结局具有重要意义。     

辅助生殖技术受孕单绒毛膜双羊膜囊双胎妊娠特殊并发症的分析

目的:探讨辅助生殖技术(ART)受孕单绒毛膜双羊膜囊(MCDA)双胎妊娠特殊并发症及胎儿的结构异常发生情况。方法:回顾性分析2010.06~2013.09期间由ART受孕在本院产检及分娩的44例MCDA双胎妊娠患者的临床资料(ART受孕组),分析MCDA双胎的特殊并发症及胎儿结构异常,并与同期的自然受孕的MCDA双胎组(自然受孕组,n=360)进行比较。结果:ART受孕组母体平均年龄及BMI均较自然受孕组明显增高(P0.01),组间初产妇比例无统计学差异(P0.05)。MCDA双胎妊娠中双胎输血综合征(TTTS)81例,占20.0%;选择性宫内生长受限(sIUGR)47例,占11.6%,双胎反向动脉灌注序列(TRAPS)10例,占2.5%;胎儿结构异常25例,占6.2%。ART受孕组与自然受孕组MCDA双胎特殊并发症及胎儿结构异常的发生风险无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:ART受孕对MCDA双胎妊娠特殊并发症及胎儿结构异常的发生无明显影响。     

辅助生殖技术单胎妊娠结局分析

目的:研究辅助生殖技术(ART)与自然受孕两种不同受孕方式单胎妊娠的妊娠结局。方法:回顾分析2009年1月1日至2017年12月31日在广州医科大学附属第三医院住院分娩的妊娠≥20周的单胎妊娠病例资料。按受孕方法分为ART组及自然妊娠组,分析两组母儿结局,再按是否为高龄妊娠,比较ART组及自然妊娠组的母儿结局。结果:ART组孕妇的平均年龄、初产妇、定期产检、非足月胎膜早破(PPROM)、羊水量异常、子痫前期、妊娠期高血压、妊娠合并血小板减少症、妊娠期糖尿病、糖尿病合并妊娠、前置胎盘、胎盘植入/粘连、产后出血、剖宫产分娩、产钳/吸引产助产、人工剥离胎盘、药物/机械性引产、流产、胎儿窘迫及胎儿为男性发生率均高于自然妊娠组,ART组的住院天数更长,分娩孕周更低,转诊重症监护病房(ICU)、急性器官衰竭发生风险较低,ART组围产儿平均体重高于自然受孕组。高龄妊娠孕妇中,ART组的妊娠期糖尿病、剖宫产分娩发生风险增加。非高龄妊娠孕妇中,ART组子痫前期、妊娠期高血压、妊娠期糖尿病、糖尿病合并妊娠、流产、PROM、羊水量异常、前置胎盘、胎盘植入/粘连、产后出血、胎儿窘迫、人工剥离胎盘、药物/机械性引产发生风险增加。ART组较自然妊娠组钳产/吸引产风险均增加,产妇转诊ICU及非规律产检发生风险均降低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:ART受孕单胎妊娠并发症及新生儿不良结局发生率高于自然妊娠组孕妇,但其更注重孕期产检;在非高龄妊娠孕妇中,ART组母儿不良结局风险增加,而高龄妊娠孕妇中,ART组母儿不良结局风险增加不明显。     

不同受孕方式双胎妊娠围产期并发症的差异分析

目的:分析不同受孕方式双胎妊娠产妇围产期并发症的差异,为规范进行围产期保健提供科学依据。方法:收集2014年1月至2016年12月于广州市妇女儿童医疗中心出生、胎龄≥28周的1169例双胎产妇的临床资料,根据是否进行辅助生殖助孕,将产妇分为辅助生殖技术妊娠组(ART组,389例)和自然妊娠组(SC组,780例),比较两组的围产期并发症及新生儿结局。结果:ART组产妇的平均年龄、双绒毛膜占比大于SC组,平均孕次小于SC组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。单因素分析显示,ART组的妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压疾病、前置胎盘发生率高于SC组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05);两组的新生儿低出生体重、新生儿窒息发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,控制产妇年龄、孕次、绒毛膜性等混杂因素后,ART不增加双胎产妇围产期并发症的发生风险。结论:在双胎妊娠中,ART助孕不增加产妇围产期并发症的发生风险。     

不同受孕方式双胎妊娠孕妇妊娠结局分析

目的:研究辅助生殖技术对双胎妊娠母儿结局的影响。方法:选择2014年1月至2018年12月于延安大学附属医院产科诊治的291例双胎妊娠产妇,根据受孕方式分为辅助生殖组(116例)和自然受孕组(175例),比较两组孕产妇妊娠相关资料和母儿结局情况。结果:辅助生殖组的平均年龄高于自然受孕组[(31.8±4.5)岁vs (29.2±5.3)岁,P0.001],初产比例高于自然受孕组(87.1%vs 73.7%,P=0.006);两组孕前体重指数(BMI)、绒毛膜性以及分娩方式构成比比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。辅助生殖组的足月产率低于自然受孕组(31.9%vs 45.1%,P=0.024),GDM和产后出血发生率高于自然受孕组(35.3%vs 16.6%,P0.001;15.5%vs 8.0%,P=0.045)。两组的子痫前期、妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)、胎盘早剥、前置胎盘、输血和子宫切除情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组的新生儿出生体重、新生儿窒息、病理性黄疸以及感染发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:与自然受孕组相比,辅助生殖组的平均年龄、初产比例高,早产率、GDM和产后出血发生率高;应高度重视辅助生殖受孕双胎妊娠产妇的孕期保健和围产期处置,减少母儿不良妊娠结局的发生。     

双胎未足月胎膜早破122例临床分析

目的:探讨双胎未足月胎膜早破(PPROM)的临床特点和妊娠结局。方法:回顾性分析双胎PPROM122例(研究组)及同期随机抽取的单胎PPROM183例(对照组),探讨两组胎膜早破发生率、发病孕周、期待治疗、新生儿预后等情况。结果:双胎妊娠PPROM发生率为21.0%,显著高于单胎妊娠PPROM发生率(3.5%)(P0.05);研究组早产儿体重明显低于对照组,窒息率明显高于对照组(P0.05);研究组胎膜早破孕周、终止妊娠孕周均早于对照组,研究组34周发生胎膜早破者期待时间明显短于对照组(P0.05)。结论:双胎妊娠易发生胎膜早破、早产、新生儿窒息,期待治疗时间短,应积极预防,出现胎膜早破积极对症治疗,选择合适的分娩方式,改善新生儿结局。     

双胎妊娠一胎胎死宫内90例妊娠结局分析

目的:探讨双胎妊娠一胎胎死宫内(sIUFD)的临床特点及妊娠结局。方法:回顾性分析2016年9月至2021年1月昆明医科大学第一附属医院收治的90例sIUFD的临床资料,其中单绒毛膜(MC)双胎(31例),双绒毛膜(DC)双胎(59例)。分析不同绒毛膜性sIUFD存活胎儿的预后,sIUFD存活胎儿终止妊娠的时间、分娩方式等。结果:(1)sIUFD孕妇存活胎儿妊娠丢失14例(15.6%),其中流产6例,引产8例(胎死宫内5例,胎儿异常3例)。MC双胎存活胎儿胎死宫内、早产发生率高于DC双胎(P<0.05);两组间存活胎儿活产、新生儿窒息、转NICU、新生儿脑损伤、新生儿死亡的发生率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)发现sIUFD后24小时内终止妊娠7例,其中2例双胎输血综合征(TTTS)存活胎死亡。MC双胎与DC双胎相比,发生sIUFD距分娩间隔时间较短(P<0.05),分娩孕周较早(P<0.05)。(3)新生儿窒息率、转NICU率、新生儿死亡率在阴道分娩与剖宫产中比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:MC双胎发生sIUFD存活胎儿发生胎死宫内及早产的不良妊娠结局风险明显增加,应加强监测。sIUFD不是剖宫产术终止妊娠的指征,阴道分娩并不增加新生儿不良预后的发生率。     

双胎妊娠紧急子宫颈环扎术妊娠结局的研究

目的:探讨双胎妊娠紧急子宫颈环扎术(CC)的临床疗效。方法:收集2004年1月至2021年12月于北京大学第一医院就诊并分娩的双胎妊娠孕16～27+6周宫口开大1～4 cm行紧急CC的30例孕妇的临床资料,依据CC的孕周分为<24周组(19例)和≥24周组(11例)。比较两组的CC疗效,以是否获得活产儿分为成功组(23例)和失败组(7例),分析影响CC分娩结局的相关因素。结果:(1)30例双胎妊娠紧急CC后的分娩孕周29.5±5.2周,围产儿死亡率25.0%,延长孕周6.8±4.4周。(2)孕周≥24周组孕妇的CC孕周(24.7±0.8周vs.21.7±1.6周)、分娩孕周(31.6±2.8周vs.28.3±6.0周)及活产率(100.0%vs.63.2%)明显高于<24周组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)多因素Logistics回归分析示,术前超声检查宫腔内絮状回声、术后白细胞计数(WBC)≥10×109/L是双胎妊娠紧急CC失败的独立危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05),CC孕周≥24周是保护性因素(OR<1,P<0.05)。结论:双胎妊娠孕周≥24周后行紧急CC仍有临床价值,必要时双胎妊娠行紧急CC可以在孕24～27+周进行。CC孕周<24周、术前超声检查提示宫腔内絮状回声、术后WBC≥10×109/L者双胎妊娠紧急CC失败的风险升高。     

Congenital malformations in infants conceived following assisted reproductive technology in comparison with spontaneously conceived infants

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the risk for congenital malformations diagnosed at birth following assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatments compared with live births conceived spontaneously.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study including 9042 live births following ART and 213?288 spontaneously conceived (SC) live births during the period 1997–2004.The cohort was linked to the national live birth registry to determine the outcome of the pregnancies including congenital malformations.

Results: An increased adjusted risk for all congenital malformations was observed in ART compared with SC infants [2.4% versus 1.9%; OR_adj?=?1.45; 95% CI: 1.26, 1.68]. The increased risk was observed in singleton births [2.4% versus 1.8%; OR_adj?=?1.41; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.71] but not in the ART conceived multiple births [2.5% versus 2.6%.; OR_adj?=?1.15; 95% CI: 0.90, 1.46]. Significantly increased adjusted risks for nervous, circulatory, digestive and genital system malformations were evident in the ART singleton group compared to SC infants. In addition, increased risks were also observed in separate comparisons of IVF births versus SC [OR_adj?=?1.28; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.63] and ICSI births versus SC [OR_adj?=?1.56; 95% CI: 1.31, 1.84]. Data regarding pregnancy termination or congenital malformation diagnosed later in life were not included.

Conclusion: Infants born following ART were at significantly increased risk for congenital malformations compared to live birth conceived spontaneously.     

Weight of babies conceived in vitro

Summary Recent studies suggested that infants delivered after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer IVFET had low birth weights. To assess further the relationship between birth weight and EGA in these offspring, a review was made of all infants delivered at our institution from May 1, 1983 to July 15, 1986. Forty-five infants in 39 deliveries were identified. Seventeen of 37 (46%) were delivered vaginally, 20 by cesarean section. Forty-two infants were delivered at term (after 36 weeks). The six sets of twins delivered at 254±7 days (mean, 36 weeks). Eighteen of 39 deliveries (46%) delivered at or beyond 40 weeks EGA. The mean weight at delivery for the term infants was 3225±90 g. Thirtyeight infants were size appropriate for dates as assessed by the Lubchenco scale, while the weight in the remaining seven infants exceeded the 90th percentile for their gestational age. We conclude that infants conceived through IVF-ET are not predisposed per se to a low birth weight or delivery at an early gestational age. However, prior studies suggesting lower birth weights for IVF infants may have resulted in part from early delivery due to patient pressure and anxiety.     

Analysis of 104 twin pregnancies conceived with assisted reproductive technologies and 193 spontaneously conceived twin pregnancies

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate pregnancy outcome of assisted reproductive technology (ART)-conceived twin pregnancies. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: A tertiary obstetric care center. PATIENT(S): All twin pregnancies delivered > or = 24 weeks of gestation from January 1, 1996, to December 31, 1997. INTERVENTION(S): Maternal and neonatal record review. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Pregnancy and perinatal outcome. RESULT(S): The study group comprised 104 ART-conceived twin pregnancies, and 193 non-ART-conceived pregnancies served as controls. Mean maternal age, the proportion of nulliparae, and the percentage of women who delivered before 34 weeks' gestation was higher among the study women, whereas mean gestational age was younger. The incidences of pregnancy-induced hypertension, uterine bleeding, premature contractions, intrauterine growth retardation, fetal death, discordance, and cesarean section were significantly higher in the study group. Correspondingly, in the study group, the mean birth weight of both twins was lower; more neonates weighed < 1, 500 g, more had Apgar scores of < 7 at 5 minutes, more were admitted to the intensive care unit, and more second twin neonates died. The outcome of twin pregnancies conceived spontaneously was comparable with those conceived by ovulation induction. CONCLUSION(S): Assisted reproductive technology-conceived twin pregnancies are at greater risk than non-ART-conceived ones for pregnancy complications and adverse perinatal outcome.     

Perinatal outcomes of elderly primiparous dichorionic twin pregnancies conceived by in vitro fertilization compared with those conceived spontaneously

Objective  

To examine the perinatal outcomes of elderly primiparous dichorionic twin pregnancies conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF) compared with those conceived spontaneously.     

Obstetric outcome of twin pregnancies conceived by in vitro fertilization and ovulation induction compared with those conceived spontaneously

OBJECTIVE: To compare the obstetric characteristics of twin pregnancies conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF) and ovulation induction with those conceived spontaneously. DESIGN: Case control study. SETTING: Tertiary Medical Center. PATIENTS: All twin deliveries that were achieved by IVF (n=558) and ovulation induction (n=478) from January 1988 through December 2002 were evaluated. Each group was compared with a control group that conceived spontaneously (n=3694) and was delivered during the same period. INTERVENTIONS: Ovulation induction, IVF-ET. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Obstetrical complications. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis showed that patients who conceived with the assistance of IVF and ovulation induction had a significantly higher risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (odds ratio [OR]=2.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.77-3.29 and OR=1.71, CI=1.2-2.42, respectively), cesarean section (OR=2.17, 95% CI=1.74-2.70 and OR=1.76, CI=1.43-2.16, respectively), and a lower gestational age at birth in the IVF group (OR=0.91, 95% CI=0.88-0.94), compared with their controls. CONCLUSIONS: After controlling for maternal age, and nulliparity we demonstrated that twin pregnancies conceived with the assistance of IVF and ovulation induction are at increased risk for gestational diabetes mellitus, and delivery by cesarean section. In addition, IVF conceived pregnancies have a lower gestational age at birth.