数字助听器宽动态压缩算法研究

提出一种基于DSP的全数字助听器宽动态压缩算法.该方法在频域分析的基础上,对于不同的频率分量,根据其能量的差异,分别给予不同的压缩算法.借助DSP助听器实验平台实现算法,并通过真耳佩戴后的听力学测试,验证了该信号处理方法的有效性.     

基于CUDA的医学图像处理算法平台的设计与初步实现

目的:本文介绍了所开发的医学图像处理算法平台(cudaGIL),设计平台主要是为医学图像处理算法的开发和测试提供一个简洁的框架。方法:该平台封装了cudpp,cufft,thrust等第三方库,并提供简洁的算法接口,使得并行算法能在该平台上高效执行;采用了优化的迭代器模式和数据分页方法,用以降低数据索引的时间消耗;组件管理模式被用于该平台中,用户可以新建组件扩展自定义算法;使用建立在OpenGL与CUDA基础上的异步操作实时显示图像。结果:通过与已有平台的比较,结果显示该平台在算法效率和显示速度上有了较大的提升。结论:本文设计的医学图像处理算法平台可作为医学图像算法的开发工具。     

中枢神经系统解剖学计算机辅助教学系统设计研究

本文设计了一个中枢神经系统解剖学计算机辅助教学系统，并对该系统的组成即学习和测试两大功能作了详细的描述。本系统通过采用数字图象，声音，图形和动画等技术，使学习和测验两大功能得到较理想的开发。此外，本研究还对计算机辅助教学方案进行了讨论。     

基于FPGA的两种高速高阶FIR滤波器的设计与比较

目的 设计满足全数字眼科超声系统高速高性能信号处理需要的数字滤波器.方法 用加入流水线级的并行乘累加方式和基于分割表的并行分布式算法设计基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的32阶高速FIR低通滤波器,并在Quartus Ⅱ开发平台及Modelsim仿真平台上进行仿真验证.结果 2种方式设计的FIR滤波器经仿真验证,均满足设计要求.结论 通过对设计结果的分析比较,基于分割表的并行分布式算法设计的滤波器能在灵活配置资源占用的情况下,实现高速数据处理,为全数字眼科超声系统中滤波器的实现方法提供了选择的依据.     

一种基于FPGA的EIT电流源和数字解调方法

目的 依据数字化电阻抗断层成像(EIT)硬件系统的要求,构建了基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的通用型EIT硬件实验平台,完成了直接数字频率合成(DDS)的电流源和数字解调方法研究.方法 实验平台以FPGA芯片为核心,集成了DDS模块、D/A及A/D接口模块、数字解调模块和RS-232数据通信等模块.结果 电流源可在6.1～390.6 kHz范围输出多频激励信号,输出阻抗大于190 kΩ,电流峰峰值为2 mA.数字解调模块可同时提取被测阻抗的实部和虚部信息.结论 采用生物组织等效模型进行的模拟测试验证了本研究系统工作的有效性,为实用化EIT系统的建立奠定了基础.     

CORDIC算法在B超数字扫描变换器中的应用

数字扫描变换器在B型超声诊断仪的应用，能使现代实时B型超声诊断仪实现一些新的诸如图像冻结、多帧贮存、数据测量计算和TV显示等功能。在设计B型超声诊断仪中数字扫描变化器的过程中，直角坐标到极坐标变换是一个关键的技术，本研究论述了应用在数字扫描变化器中的一种新的算法——CORDIC算法，对该算法的原理进行了简介，将CORDIC算法应用到直角——极坐标变换中，并进行了算法修正和公式计算。根据其具体的应用对该算法进行了优化，并给出了算法的硬件实现结构。最后，对算法进行了软件仿真，并给出了结果分析。     

中国数字人数据集断层图像自动配准算法

在采集数字人数据时，由于相机在拍摄过程中存在的各种干扰，使得到的各断层图像的投影参数不能保证一致，通过对相机拍摄模型和干扰因素的分析，提出了一种基于二维射影变换（pmjective transformation）的断层序列图像自动配准算法。该算法先通过层间继承的方法寻找每张照片上的定位杆区域，用形态学操作来确定该层定位杆圆心坐标；然后根据定位杆的基准坐标，得到该层的射影变换算子T；最后对原始图像进行图像变换，得到投影参数一致的照片数据集。本算法对数字人采集的原始数据预处理有重要意义，并能为后续的二次数据库开发、图像分割、重建和数字解剖学等提供精确的三维数据集。     

一种生物雷达呼吸和心跳信号实时分离技术

目的 本研究旨在从雷达式生命参数检测平台的回波信号中分离出呼吸和心跳信号,提取呼吸、心跳特征参数.方法 分析回波信号的特征,改进算法,将呼吸信号的谐波组合作为自适应滤波器的参考输入信号进行回波信号滤波处理实验.结果 提出了一种基于自适应谐波抵消的呼吸和心跳信号分离算法.结论 该算法在生物雷达模拟人体平躺实验中能够有效地分离出呼吸和心跳信号.     

记忆广度测试程序MemSpan的设计开发

记忆广度测试程序MemSpan是用C＋＋编写开发的Win32中文程序，用于对数字记忆广度进行测试。Menspan不但提供一般性的测试，在功能上可代替专用的记忆广度测试仪器，而且对数据进行自动采集、录入和存储，并提供了灵活的参数设置，以方便不同测试的需要。本软件 开发为记忆广度测试提供了有力的手段。     

测量肌电信号的频谱压缩技术的标准化评估

我们设计了一种数字算法用于产生具有适当的中频和幅值的限带噪声。该算法可用于产生在肌肉疲劳研究领域中所遇到的具有典型体表肌电信号频谱特征的测试信号。这些合成的信号可应用在肌肉疲劳研究的过程中.对于控制肌电信号颇谱压缩的各种技术的性能进行标准化评估可提供一个应用墓础.     

数字助听器中若干主要算法的发展和现状

首先简要介绍了数字助听器的概念 ,随后分别针对数字助听器中信号处理的几个主要部分 :多通道频响补偿、噪声去除和反馈消除 ,分析和比较了它们的常用算法。文章最后介绍了一些助听器信号处理的新思路。     

Proposed use of a digital signal processor in an experimental tactile hearing aid for the profoundly deaf: preliminary communication

An experimental system for a tactile hearing aid using a digital signal processor (DSP) is being developed. This system can be used to test and evaluate not only the familiar techniques for a tactile hearing aid, such as energy level display, filterbank analysis, etc., but also novel techniques. The system is being developed especially to try out new recognition strategies, because the currently available strategies are not satisfactory. A portable tactile hearing aid that can recognize certain environmental sounds (alarm sounds) and certain features from the speech signal (such as pitch, voiced/voiceless, or even complete phonemes), being a good support for lipreading, should be the final result of the experiments.     

Proposed use of a digital signal processor in an experimental tactile hearing aid for the profoundly deaf: preliminary communication

An experimental system for a tactile hearing aid using a digital signal processor (DSP) is being developed. This system can be used to test and evaluate not only the familiar techniques for a tactile hearing aid, such as energy level display, filterbank analysis, etc., but also novel techniques. The system is being developed especially to try out new recognition strategies, because the currently available strategies are not satisfactory. A portable tactile hearing aid that can recognize certain environmental sounds (alarm sounds) and certain features from the speech signal (such as pitch, voiced/voiceless, or even complete phonemes), being a good support for lipreading, should be the final result of the experiments.     

骨传导超声助听技术的研究

通过骨传导，人至少可以感知到频率高达120kHz的超声。骨传导超声感知在医学上有很多应用，其在助听方面的应用一直为人们所关注。骨传导超声助听技术通过人骨传导调制在超声上的语音信号，从而使听觉受损患者获得一定程度的听力。在介绍骨传导超声特性和感知机理研究后，还介绍了日本产业综合研究所研制的骨传导超声助听器。目前的实验表明，该助听器可以使40％以上的严重耳聋患者感知到声音，17％的严重耳聋患者识别语音。由于骨传导超声的使用可使患者免受手术痛苦，预计具有应用价值。     

Speech-translation systems for the hearing impaired

The requirements and feasibility of a real-time speech-translation system as an aid for the hearing impaired are discussed. A promising method of providing such a speech-translation system involves digital processing of the output of a shorthand machine. A reporter operates the machine and a processed version of its output appears on a visual display unit. The design considerations of such a system and a simple prototype machine are described.     

Industrial wideband noise reduction for hearing aids using a headset with adaptive-feedback active noise cancellation

High-intensity noises are a health hazard for industrial workers, and hearing protection is necessary to prevent hearing loss. Passive methods, such as ear muffs, are ineffective against low-frequency noise. Moreover, many hearing-impaired workers must wear hearing aids to enable communication at their workplace, and such aids can amplify ambient noise. To overcome this problem, the present study developed a headset equipped with a digital signal processing system to implement adaptive-feedback active noise cancellation (AFANC) to reduce low-frequency noise. The proposed AFANC headset was effective against wideband industrial noise, with a maximum noise spectrum power reduction of 30 dB. Furthermore, when used with a hearing aid, it improved the speech signal-to-noise ratio by up to 14 dB. These results suggest that a headset with AFANC would be useful for hearing protection in workplaces with high levels of low-frequency industrial noise, especially for hearing-impaired workers.     

Foreign Body Complications in Ears due to Mishandled Hearing Aid Fitting and Proposed Clinical Guidelines to Address the Complications

BackgroundSouth Korea has one of the world’s fastest aging populations and is witnessing increased age-related hearing impairment cases as well as an increase in the number of hearing aid users. The aim of this study was to analyze complications caused by hearing aid mold materials. In addition, we hope to raise awareness of the harm and danger that inexperienced hearing aid providers can cause to patients.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 11 patients who were diagnosed with hearing aid mold material as a foreign body in the ear at a tertiary center between 2016 and 2020. The following data were analyzed: symptoms, endoscopic findings, audiometry, temporal bone CT images, treatment methods, and complications after removal. The currently available literature was also reviewed to develop clinical guidelines, to identify the systematic weaknesses in the South Korean hearing aid market, and to identify policies that warrant better quality control.ResultsAmong the 11 cases, 9 were restricted to the external auditory canal, all of which were successfully removed under endoscopy with minor complications. Two cases with middle ear involvement resulted in infection and thus required surgical removal with mastoidectomy. The average age of these patients was 76.4, and all patients received their molding procedure at private hearing aid shops without an otolaryngologist’s examination.ConclusionThorough patient history-taking and otologic examination must be performed to identify patients at higher risk of complications. Such patients should be referred to an otolaryngologist. If a patient exhibits alarming symptoms, early referral is critical since prompt surgery can minimize complications. A CT scan is highly recommended to determine an optimal approach for foreign body removal. Systematic and regulatory changes in hearing aid dispensers, such as requiring apprenticeship, raising the required level of education, and legally mandating referrals, can help reduce these complications.     

Auditory rehabilitation of older people from the general population--the Leiden 85-plus study.

BACKGROUND: Very few older people with severe hearing loss use hearing aids to reduce the negative consequences of reduced hearing in daily functioning. AIM: Assessment of a screening test and a standardised auditory rehabilitation programme for older people from the general population with untreated severe hearing loss. DESIGN OF STUDY: Intervention study and qualitative exploration. SETTING: Leiden 85-Plus Study, a prospective population-based study of 85-year-old inhabitants of Leiden, the Netherlands. METHOD: Hearing loss was measured by pure-tone audiometry in 454 subjects aged 85 years. Subjects with hearing loss above 35 dB at 1, 2, and 4 kHz who did not use hearing aids were invited to participate in a standardised programme for auditory rehabilitation. In-depth interviews were held with participants to explore arguments for participating in this programme. RESULTS: Of the 367 participants with severe hearing loss (prevalence = 81%), 66% (241/367) did not use a hearing aid. Three out of four of these participants (n = 185) declined participation in the auditory rehabilitation programme. The most common reason given for not participating was the subjects' feeling that their current hearing loss did not warrant the use of a hearing aid. Subjects who participated in the programme were found to suffer from more severe hearing loss and experienced more hearing disability. Those who did not participate in the programme felt they could cope with their disabilities and considered a hearing aid unnecessary. CONCLUSION: Untreated hearing loss is prevalent among older people from the general population. The majority of older people decline auditory rehabilitation. For these people the use of a hearing aid is not perceived as necessary in order to function on a daily basis. Older people who have expected benefits from a hearing aid have already obtained them, marginalising the benefits of a rehabilitation (and screening) programme.