室速积分法对预激性心动过速的诊断价值

目的：探讨室速积分法诊断预激性心动过速的临床价值。 方法：选取30例经过心内电生理检查确诊的预 激性心动过速发作时的12导联心电图,首先用室速积分法对预激性心动过速进行评分,采用室速积分法的7项指标分 析预激性心动过速的心电图,计算7项指标及无人区电轴的特异度;对比分析积分值为2,Brugada,Wellens及Vereckei 流程法诊断预激性心动过速的差异。再依照特异度从低到高的顺序用Vereckei,Wellens及Brugada流程法,室速积分法 逐步排除室性心动过速(ventricular tachycardia,VT),比较各步骤诊断预激性心动过速的差异。结果：在单项指标中, 房室分离、无人区电轴特异度最高,均为100%;室速积分法分值≥3特异度为100%;室速积分法分值为2的特异度高 于Brugada,Wellens或Vereckei流程法(76.7% vs 50.0%,23.3%,20.0%;均P<0.05)。用Vereckei,Wellens及Brugada流程法, 室速积分法逐步排除VT后其特异度(20.0%,40.0%,66.7%,83.3%)高于单用Vereckei或前3种联合排除(P<0.001);但经 4种方法排除后剩下的假阳性病例与单一用室速积分法诊断的假阳性病例比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论：室 速积分法分值≥3可完全鉴别预激性心动过速与VT。室速积分法分值为2不能完全区分预激性心动过速与VT,但其特 异度明显高于Brugada,Wellens及Vereckei流程法。     

Brugada四步诊断法在宽QRS波心动过速中的应用价值

目的：探讨Brugada四步诊断法在宽QRS波心动过速中的鉴别诊断价值,方法：对78例经食管心房调搏、射频消融术及心内电生理检查确诊的宽QRS波心动过速者的心电图,按Brugada四步判断方法进行分析。结果：78例患者诊断符合率分别为：SVT伴室内差传者90.3%(28/31);VT者93.3%(28/30）;SVT伴原有束支传导阻滞者87.5%(7/8);9例预激综合征伴旁道前向传导者均误判为“室速”。结论：该诊断法对大多数宽QRS波心动过速有鉴别诊断价值,但对预激综合征伴旁道前向传导所致的宽QRS波心动过速的诊断价值不大。     

宽QRS心动过速的临床鉴别与处理

目的探讨宽QRS心动过速的临床鉴别与处理。方法回顾性分析2002～2006年50例宽QRS心动过速病人,室性心动过速（VT）和室上性心动过速（SVT）的发病率,观察两者在心电图上的差别及治疗。结果50例宽QRS心动过速的病人,经积极救治,除8例猝死,余42例痊愈出院。结论宽QRS心动过速的诊断和鉴别诊断非常重要,及时正确认识VT和SVT,在处理和预后方面截然不同。     

宽QRS波心动过速的导管射频消融治疗

目的:探讨宽QRS波群心动过速(WQRST)的体表心电图(ECG)鉴别诊断价值和导管射频消融(RFCA)的安全性及有效性.方法:对10例经心内电生理(EPS)检查及RFCA治愈的WQRST患者的体表ECG(包括食管ECG)特征进行分析.结果:10例WQRST患者根据体表ECG特征术前均判断准确;除1例患者家属放弃RFCA治疗外,其余9例均消融成功.结论:体表ECG对WQRST具有重要的鉴别诊断价值.对体表ECG P波不清者辅以食管ECG将有助于鉴别诊断,RFCA是治疗WQRST安全有效的方法.     

经食管心脏电生理检查在宽QRS波心动过速鉴别诊断中的应用价值

目的 比较经食管心脏电生理检查术与其他各无创鉴别方法诊断宽QRS波心动过速(WCT)的优劣.方法 入选接受经食管心脏电生理检查并诱发心动过速成功,最后行心内电生理检查确诊的161例患者,平均年龄(36.43±14.24)岁.分析心动过速时体表心电图,采用Brugada四步法以及经食管心脏电生理检查对WCT进行鉴别诊断.所有患者均行心内电生理检查明确诊断,并对以上鉴别WCT方法的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值进行统计.结果 161例WCT患者中心内电生理检查诊断提示有94例为室性心动过速(VT),Brugada四步法有74例(准确率78.7％),经食管心脏电生理检查92例(准确率97.9％).经食管心脏电生理检查比Brugada四步法对鉴别WCT的VT有着更高的敏感性(P＜0.01)和阴性预测值(P＜0.01).而且经食管调搏终止心动过速成功率在室上性心动过速患者远高于VT患者(P＜0.01).结论 在无创鉴别诊断WCT的方面,经食管心脏电生理检查显著优于Brugada四步法.     

食道导联心电图鉴别诊断宽QRS心动过速的临床应用

［摘要］ 目的　应用食道导联心电图对宽QRS心动过速（WCT）进行鉴别诊断．方法　对62例WCT急性发作患者插入食道电极,描记并分析食道导联心电图,明确诊断．结果　44例为室性心动过速（VT）,占71％,18例为室上性心动过速（SVT）,占29％. SVT中,8例为SVT伴束支传导阻滞,占12.9％,7例为SVT 伴室内差异性传导,占11.3％,3例为SVT伴预激综合征旁道前传,占4.8％与射频消融术后诊断比较,用食道导联心电图对WCT发作患者VT和SVT诊断符合率达100%．结论　描记食道导联心电图可确诊WCT,由于其具有快捷、简便、准确、无创、安全的特点,可用于血流动力学稳定WCT患者的急诊鉴别诊断,对终止WCT发作,实施射频消融治疗具有指导作用.     

特发性左室心动过速7例心电图分析

目的 探讨特发性左室心动过速(ILVT)与室上性心动过速(SVT)伴心室内差异性传导在体表心电图上的鉴别要点。方法 分析7例ILVT心电图特点并与SVT伴心室内差异性传导比较。结果 7例均由Brugada四步鉴别法确诊。结论 房室分离是鉴别两者的关键。     

心电轴偏转在心电图诊断宽QRS波心动过速中的应用价值

目的 分析心电轴偏转在体表心电图诊断宽QRS波心动过速（WCT）中的作用。方法 选择2018年2月至2019年1月广州医科大学附属第二医院经电生理检查证实的WCT患者124例,回顾性分析患者的临床资料,应用查表法计算WCT和窦性心律下QRS波额面心电轴偏转情况,评估其在体表心电图中鉴别诊断WCT中的临床价值。结果 经电生理检查WCT发现,其中室性心动过速（VT）96例（77.4%）,室上性心动过速（SVT）28例（22.6%）。WCT中体表心电图QRS波电轴偏转>68°时检出VT、SVT阳性高于电轴偏转>130°（P<0.05）;电轴在无人区与电轴偏转>130°时的诊断特异度分别达到100.0%,但敏感度较低（21.86%、27.08%）,右束支阻滞型（RBBB）合并电轴左偏多见于VT,其诊断特异度为91.67%;电轴偏转>68°在诊断VT具有较高的特异度（91.67%）、敏感度（54.17%）。结论 QRS波额面电轴偏转可准确鉴别诊断WCT,可作为基层医院心脏急症辅助诊断的方式,值得临床推荐应用。     

运用Vereckei四步法对宽QRS波心律失常的临床分析

目的分析宽QRS波心律失常患者的临床鉴别诊断方法。方法收集既往诊断明确的62例宽QRS波心动过速患者的临床心电图,使用Vereckei四步法进行分析诊断。结果 62例宽QRS波心动过速患者中,9例为室上性心动过速伴差异传导,10例为室上性心动过速伴预激旁路前传,43例为室性心动过速。QRS波越宽,则提示为室速的可能性越大。结论 Vereckei四步法分析方法简单,准确度较高,值得临床推广应用。     

宽QRS心动过速的鉴别诊断

宽 QRS心动过速是指 QRS间期≥ 0 .1 2 s的心动过速 ,它包含了发病机制、起源部位及治疗原则均不相同的心动过速 ,即室性心动过速 ( VT)、室上性心动过速 ( SVT)伴原有的一侧束支阻滞、SVT伴间歇出现的束支阻滞 (功能性束支阻滞 )、SVT伴室内差异传导、SVT伴房室旁道及结室旁道。此外植入 DDD起搏器的患者 ,少数可能由于室性早搏、对心房感知功能不足等原因而诱发以起搏器为媒介的折返性心动过速。由于不同原因的宽 QRS心动过速的预后及治疗不同 ,特别是 VT为一种严重的心律失常 ,可引起心室扑动甚至心室颤动 ,如不能及时终止 ,…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.