踝关节镜前后联合入路治疗踝关节撞击综合征

目的 :分析踝关节镜前后联合入路对踝关节撞击综合症患者镜下行清理的临床疗效及术中注意事项。方法:回顾性分析自2011年4月至2015年4月采用踝关节镜治疗并获得完整随访的17例踝关节撞击综合症患者,其中男12例,女5例;手术时年龄22~47岁,平均32.4岁。结合患者临床症状和影像学评估予踝关节镜清理,并去除引起症状的撞击部位,术后常规予非甾体消炎药和关节内注射透明质酸钠治疗。采用AOFAS(美国足踝外科协会)后足-踝评分,Ogilvie-Harris踝关节评分对术前情况及术后末次随访情况进行评分。结果:17例手术中情况:关节镜下显示前外踝撞击征8例,前内踝撞击征2例,前踝撞击征2例,后踝撞击征2例,3例为同时合并前后踝撞击。术中清除增生的骨赘,引起撞击的下胫腓前韧带远侧束,距腓前韧带,滑膜组织和疤痕组织。4例同时合并关节软骨损伤,软骨损伤面积约1 mm×3 mm至1.5 mm×4 mm大小。术中同时采用直径1.2 mm的克氏针行钻孔微骨折处理。17例术后随访时间8~24个月,平均14.3个月。AOFAS评分由手术前的62.30±5.20增加至术后的87.60±5.40。Ogilvie-Harris踝关节评分由手术前的6.70±0.98增加至术后的12.80±1.21。术后患者均无神经血管损伤,无伤口感染,愈合不良等并发症。患者有不同程度的踝关节肿胀,于术后4~8周逐步消失。结论:对踝关节撞击综合症患者,前后联合入路可以有效清除引起踝关节撞击的骨性撞击和软组织撞击,结合术后非甾体消炎药和关节内注射透明质酸钠治疗,可以有效缓解踝痛症状,达到较好的治疗效果。     

踝关节外侧不稳定关节镜下表现与稳定重建的临床研究

目的探讨异体肌腱重建治疗踝外侧不稳定的临床效果,总结踝关节外侧不稳定关节内病变特征。方法对2006年7月~2013年10月踝关节外侧不稳定患者36例进行手术治疗,关节镜下观察到踝关节滑膜炎16例,游离体5例,滑膜嵌顿15例,距骨软骨损伤9例,胫骨前缘骨赘增生5例,采用滑膜清理、游离体取出、骨赘磨除、软骨下骨微骨折术等对症处理,异体肌腱结合Femoral INTRAFIX技术固定重建外侧稳定结构。术后管型石膏固定踝关节3周,同时实施康复计划。结果术后随访15~96个月,平均38个月,32例踝关节前抽屉试验阴性,4例从强阳性转为弱阳性。反复扭伤现象消失,均恢复工作和运动。AOFAS评分从术前的(36.7±0.9)分提高到术后末次随访时的(85.4±1.6)分(t=52.361,P=0.000)。术后MRI显示:外侧副韧带未见异常信号,8例韧带信号稍增粗;胫骨前缘骨赘增生消失4例;未见关节内游离体和异常滑膜信号。结论异体肌腱、Femoral INTRAFIX重建踝关节外侧副韧带临床效果肯定。重视关节内病变并及时微创处理对术后临床症状改善有重要作用。     

镜下有限清理加关节腔注射玻璃酸钠治疗膝关节骨性关节炎

目的 观察关节镜下有限清理加玻璃酸钠关节腔注射治疗骨性关节炎的疗效.方法 关节镜下对87例膝关节骨性关节炎进行关节内有限清理滑膜增生行刨削,游离体行摘除,半月板退变行修整或成形,剥脱软骨修整、基底钻空、松解紧张的滑膜皱襞,咬除打磨骨赘.大量生理盐水快速冲洗碎屑,缝合关节腔内注入玻璃酸钠,被动活动关节,加压包扎.每周注射1次玻璃酸钠,连续4～6周,术后第1天股四头肌功能练习,术后第2天抬腿练习,1周拆线恢复下床活动.结果 按HSS膝关节评分标准,其中64例1年再次评定,出院时优良率为95%,1年后随访优良率为80%.结论 关节镜下有限清理加关节腔内注射辅以正确的功能练习,是治疗骨性关节炎的理想方法.     

关节镜下治疗踝关节骨折脱位术后踝关节撞击综合征

目的探讨关节镜下治疗踝关节骨折脱位术后踝关节撞击综合征的方法及疗效。方法 2008年3月-2010年4月,收治38例踝关节骨折脱位术后发生踝关节撞击综合征的患者。男28例,女10例;年龄18～42岁,平均28岁。患者内固定术后至该次入院时间为12～16个月,平均13.8个月。踝关节前外侧和前侧有局限性压痛;关节背伸—20～—5°,平均—10.6°;跖屈30～40°,平均35.5°。根据美国矫形足踝协会(AOFAS)踝与后足评分标准,总分为(48.32±9.24)分,疼痛评分为(7.26±1.22)分。X线片检查示胫骨前缘和距骨均有骨赘增生,MRI显示22例有胫、距关节软骨面损伤。关节镜下行胫骨前缘或距骨骨赘磨削,刨削清理前外踝的瘢痕和增生滑膜组织,清除剥脱软骨;其中22例胫、距关节软骨面损伤者行微骨折术治疗。结果术后患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合。38例均获随访,随访时间10～26个月,平均16个月。末次随访时,26例踝关节活动基本恢复正常,背伸达15～25°,平均19.6°;跖屈35～45°,平均40.7°。8例轻度受限,背伸5～15°,平均7.2°;跖屈35～45°,平均39.5°。4例持续行走3～4 h后踝关节出现疼痛,关节活动轻度受限,背伸0～5°,平均2.6°;跖屈35～40°,平均37.5°。AOFAS踝与后足评分总分为(89.45±9.55)分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(t=21.962,P=0.000);疼痛评分为(1.42±1.26)分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(t=16.762,P=0.000)。结论关节镜下治疗踝关节骨折脱位术后踝关节撞击综合征手术操作简便,可获得较好疗效。     

关节镜下有限清理术治疗老年膝关节骨性关节炎

目的 探讨关节镜下有限清理术治疗老年膝关节骨性关节炎(A0)的方法 与疗效.方法 对34例(48膝)老年OA行关节镜下有限清理术.在关节镜下创削增生肥厚的滑膜组织,清理剥脱的关节软骨创面,修整破裂的半月板,清除骨赘及游离体,扩大髁间窝成型.结果 患者术后膝关节疼痛消失或明显减轻,关节功能改善.Lyshoml膝关节功能评分术前平均(41±3.2)分,术后3个月平均(77±2.3)分.结论 关节镜下有限化清理手术创伤小,恢复快,可有效解除临床症状,改善功能.延缓病程发展,是治疗老年OA的一种有效措施.     

踝关节镜下关节清理术治疗踝关节软组织撞击综合征

目的探讨踝关节镜下关节清理术治疗踝关节软组织撞击综合征的疗效。方法 2005年3月至2010年3月,本院治疗踝关节软组织撞击综合征35例,关节镜下行距骨内、外侧沟刨削清理增生肥厚滑膜、韧带及纤维瘢痕组织,并常规行关节清理,修整退变软骨。结果术后35例均获得随访,平均随访18个月(3～32个月)。根据Ogilvie-Harris评分标准进行疗效评估,其中优68.5%(24例),良18.6%(6例),可14.2%(5例),优良率85.7%。结论踝关节镜下关节清理术治疗踝关节软组织撞击综合征,具有创伤小、疗效显著、恢复快、并发症少等优点。     

关节镜诊治膝关节滑膜软骨瘤病及其疗效分析

目的探讨关节镜微创手术对膝关节滑膜软骨瘤病的诊断和治疗价值。方法本组21例,23膝,男13例14膝,女8例9膝,其中左膝11侧,右膝12侧;年龄28～74岁,平均48.6岁;病史1月～66月,平均18月;初次就诊20例22膝,外院开放手术后复发1例。所有病例术前均行常规X线检查,部分病员行CT或MRI检查。手术行关节镜检,瘤体和病变滑膜切除,记录该病在关节镜下的表现形式（滑膜表面型、滑膜层包裹型、关节囊纤维层包裹型、游离体型）及关节内合并症,样本全部送病理检查。术后加压包扎、局部冰敷并按计划功能锻炼。结果本组21例23膝,其中滑膜表面型6膝、滑膜层包裹型4膝、关节囊纤维层包裹型2膝、游离体型11膝,术后病理检查确诊;所有病例获得了12～42月,平均28个月随访,未见复发,患肢功能良好;术前Lysholm评分（62.4±4.2）分;国际膝关节评分委员会（IKDC）膝关节功能主观评分（47.2±3.6）分;术后12月复查Lysholm评分（80.3±4.6）分;IKDC主观评分（87.4±4.1）分。结论关节镜手术创伤小,显露充分,病灶切除彻底,术后功能恢复理想,对膝关节滑膜软骨瘤病具有较高的诊治价值。     

关节镜技术在踝关节疾病的临床应用

目的探讨关节镜技术在踝关节疾患中的诊治价值。方法总结近年笔者开展踝关节镜15例。其中3例为陈旧性踝关节扭伤,诊断为:足球踝、踝关节软骨损伤及踝关节外侧不稳;12例为慢性踝关节疼痛,诊断为:踝关节游离体5例,踝关节骨性关节炎5例,踝关节滑膜炎2例。分别行踝关节镜下关节清理,踝关节游离体取出,踝关节胫骨前缘骨赘切除术,关节软骨成形术。踝关节外侧不稳经镜检确诊后,先行关节镜下关节清理,再切开行外侧韧带重建术。结果15例镜下手术,术中均获确诊。术后平均随访10个月,优9例,良6例。结论踝关节镜手术创伤小,恢复快。只要选择合适病例,特别是对伤后无骨折脱位,踝关节反复肿痛,活动后加重的病例,非手术治疗半年以上效果不佳者,尤其有手术指征,效果满意。     

ScrantonⅠ、Ⅱ度踝关节软组织撞击综合征的关节镜下治疗

目的评估关节镜下治疗ScrantonⅠ、Ⅱ度踝关节软组织撞击综合征的方法与疗效。方法采用关节镜下治疗ScrantonⅠ、Ⅱ度踝关节软组织撞击综合征17例,镜下刨削切除撞击组织,修整关节软骨,1例为距骨前外侧软骨Ⅳ度损伤,行软骨下骨微骨折术。结果本组随访12-30个月,应用改良Mcguire踝关节评分,由术前平均60分提高至术后平均91分（P〈0．05）。术后按Liu等踝关节功能分级标准：0级15例,1级1例,2级1例（即软骨Ⅳ度损伤患者）。结论关节镜辅助治疗ScrantonⅠ、Ⅱ度踝关节软组织撞击综合征创伤小、恢复快,是一种有效的方法。     

关节镜下膝关节结核性滑膜炎的治疗(附10例报告)

目的探讨关节镜下结核性滑膜炎的特点和滑膜切除术的效果. 方法选择10例结核性滑膜炎,行关节镜下滑膜切除手术和活检.术后配合关节腔注射异烟肼和全身抗结核治疗. 结果所有病人随访6月～3年,术后第2天行CPM关节功能锻炼,9例膝关节屈曲从手术前90°±5°平均提高到120°±14°,伸直受限从手术前20°±3°提高到5°±1°,手术前后比较差异有显著性(t值分别为6.9、 6.3,P<0.01),JOA评分术前(44±8)分,术后(82±10)分(t=8.47,P<0.01),所有病人2个月后关节肿胀减轻,随访期间内无病变复发. 结论关节镜下切除滑膜和清理结核性肉芽组织,改善软骨营养,结合药物治疗可有效控制病情,改善关节功能.     

Comparison of the intraoperative efficacy of the powered rasp and conventional burr in arthroscopic resection of anterior ankle osteophytes

BackgroundThe efficacy of the powered rasp, a new reciprocating motion device for arthroscopic resection of osteophytes, has not been verified. The aim of this study was to compare the intraoperative efficacy of the powered rasp in arthroscopic resection of anterior ankle osteophytes to that of the conventional burr.MethodsA total of 49 consecutive patients who underwent arthroscopic resection of anterior ankle osteophytes (26 patients with the conventional burr and 23 patients with the powered rasp) were retrospectively reviewed. The preoperative volume of each osteophyte was measured using computerized tomography scan and three-dimensional software. The resection time was measured by review of the individual arthroscopy video, and the estimated resection rate was calculated as the volume of osteophytes/resection time.ResultsThe preoperative volume of osteophytes was not different between the two groups (847.8 ± 685.3 mm³ in the conventional burr and 913.3 ± 605.8 mm³ in the powered rasp, p = 0.726). The resection time was 442.4 ± 216.6 s (seconds) in the conventional burr and 386.4 ± 186.3 s in the powered rasp, and the estimated resection rate was 1.8 ± 1.0 mm³/s with the conventional burr and 2.4 ± 1.3 mm³/s with the powered rasp. These measurements were not significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.340 and 0.083, respectively).ConclusionThe intraoperative efficacy of the powered rasp did not show superiority to that of the conventional burr in arthroscopic resection of anterior ankle osteophytes.Level of evidenceLevel III, retrospective comparative study.     

肘关节镜结合小切口清理修补术根治顽固性网球肘

目的 :探究关节镜结合小切口清理修补术根治顽固性网球肘的临床疗效和肘部关节镜技术的提升效应。方法:自2014年3月至2017年2月连续收治顽固性网球肘患者36例(36肘),均采用关节镜结合小切口开放清理修补,两种方式交替进行,在核心操作上,前18例[A组,男8例,女12例,年龄(43.89±9.71)岁,保守治疗时间(17.39±10.53)个月]直视下操作关节镜下验证,后18例[B组,男7例,女11例,年龄(44.28±8.04)岁,保守治疗时间(15.50±9.18)个月],关节镜下操作直视下验证。术中观察镜下及大体病理表现,术后观察患者神经血管并发症,对比两组手术时间。患者术前术后随访时进行VAS评分和Mayo功能评分比较疗效。结果:所有患者获随访,随访时间A组(17.22±8.47)个月,B组(17.83±8.83)个月。无感染,有1例神经损伤。VAS评分,A组术前4.33±1.24,术后0.61±0.70;B组术前4.50±1.47,术后0.67±0.69;Mayo功能评分,A组术前62.22±7.90,术后93.06±5.18;B组术前61.94±8.93,术后92.22±5.21;术后评分均优于术前;组间VAS评分和Mayo功能评分比较差异无统计学意义。手术时间,B组(54.06±8.43)min小于A组(73.39±12.78)min。32例对治疗结果非常满意,3例对治疗结果满意,1例对治疗结果不满意,导致患者不满意的主要原因为神经损伤。结论:肘关节镜结合小切口清理修补术结合传统切开与关节镜手术的优势,为顽固性网球肘患者带来根治的治疗效果;此种术式适合致力于尝试探索及提升肘关节镜技术。     

创伤后踝关节慢性疼痛的关节镜诊治

目的：探讨对创伤后慢性踝关节疼痛患者行关节镜检查的诊断和治疗价值。方法：自1999年4月至2008年6月,收治39例创伤后踝关节慢性疼痛的患者,男15例,女24例;年龄15～58岁,平均32岁。病程2个月～11年,平均18个月,其中X线显示受伤时骨折脱位者26例。均行关节镜检查,明确关节内病变状况,并对相应病变行镜下清理术,采用美国足踝外科学会（AOFAS）后足踝评分表对手术前后功能状况进行评分。结果：软骨损伤及退变26例,游离体形成3例,撞击综合征21例。引起主要撞击的组织有：滑膜增生3例;韧带断裂后断端撞击10例,包括距腓前韧带断裂7例,下胫腓韧带前内侧束远端断裂3例;半月板样组织撞击6例;骨软骨增生撞击3例。平均随访（14.2±8.4）个月（5～36个月）,术后关节功能AOFAS评分由术前的平均（59.7±16.9）分改善为（68.8±21.2）分,其中主观评分改善更为明显,术前平均（22.8±10.0）分,术后（29.5±12.1）分。结论：对于踝关节损伤后慢性疼痛患者,尤其是X线无骨折脱位者,及时行关节镜检查,有助于明确关节内具体病变状况,且术中一并进行关节清理,能显著改善关节功能。     

Arthroscopic treatment of soft-tissue impingement lesions of the ankle in adolescents

BACKGROUND: Ankle sprains are common injuries in adolescents. Most are treated conservatively with rest, ice, antiinflammatory medication, and rehabilitation. A small percentage of patients develop chronic pain and functional instability secondary to intraarticular soft-tissue impingement. This study evaluated the effectiveness of ankle arthroscopy for the treatment of functional instability of the ankle with pain specifically in adolescents between the ages of 13 and 19 years. METHODS: We evaluated 11 patients at an average of 25 (range 15 to 38) months after arthroscopic debridement. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle and hindfoot score was used to evaluate outcomes. In addition, four questions were asked: 1) Are you satisfied with the outcome of your surgery? 2) Would you have the procedure again? 3) Would you recommend it to a friend? 4) Have you returned to your preinjury level of activity. RESULTS: The average postoperative AOFAS score was 95 (range 75 to 100). We found that 10 of 11 patients had good to excellent results with arthroscopic debridement of soft-tissue, intraarticular impingement lesions. All but one patient was satisfied with the procedure and all stated that they would have the procedure again. Two patients had repeat injuries and one subsequently developed reflex sympathetic dystrophy. These two patients had not yet returned to their preinjury level of activity at last followup. CONCLUSIONS: We found ankle arthroscopy to be a safe and effective means of treatment in adolescents with functional instability from soft-tissue ankle impingement.     

关节镜下手术治疗肘关节僵硬

目的：探讨关节镜下手术治疗肘关节僵硬的临床疗效。方法：2010年11月至2012年12月,对纳入的27例肘关节僵硬患者,行肘关节镜下关节腔清理关节囊松解术治疗。其中男18例,女9例;年龄24~54岁,平均35.7岁。术后配合镇痛及理疗康复锻炼,使用Mayo评分系统进行疗效评价。结果：27例术后均获随访,时间12~18个月,平均13.5个月。肘关节平均最大屈曲活动度由术前（61.5±30.1）°改善为术后（102.5±20.1）°,平均最大伸直活动度由术前（34.8±12.1）°,改善为术后（16.3±16.1）°,总平均活动范围由术前（34.2±21.0）°改善为术后（84.9±9.2）°。根据Mayo评分系统进行疗效评价,术前平均（60.5±13.4）分,术后平均（88.7±6.3）分,术后评分提高;其中优10例,良13例,一般4例,差0例。结论：关节镜下肘关节松解手术具有创伤小、出血少、恢复快及视野清晰等优点,可有效改善肘关节活动度,是治疗肘关节僵硬的有效手术方式。     

Hip arthroscopy for Legg-Calvè-Perthes disease in paediatric population

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to represent the findings and long-term clinical results of the children who underwent hip arthroscopy because of Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease (LCPD).MethodsThis study included the retrospective findings of ten patients (mean age: 12.7 ± 2.75; range 7–16 years) who underwent arthroscopic hip debridement between 2010 and 2016 for LCPD disease. All of the patients underwent arthroscopic excision of the unstable osteochondral fragment following unsuccessful conservative treatment. In the statistical analysis, age, side, follow-up, Stulberg and Waldenström classification, preoperative and postoperative modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) were evaluated.ResultsThe mean follow-up period was 55.4 ± 13.05 months (range: 40–72 months). There was no statistically significant association between good postoperative results and age, side, and the stage of the disease (p > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference between preoperative and postoperative mHHS (p = 0.005).ConclusionThis study demonstrates an increase in the functional results and life quality of the patients who underwent hip arthroscopy due to LCPD. It is thought that hip arthroscopy, a minimally invasive procedure, may have an important role in the algorithm of LCPD treatment, especially in patients with severe pain and mechanical symptoms.Level of evidenceLevel IV, therapeutic study.     

关节镜手术治疗急性髌骨脱位的临床疗效分析

目的：探讨关节镜在急性髌骨脱位中的应用,评价关节镜下治疗方法的临床疗效。方法：2002年5月至2009年3月,共收治急性髌骨脱位36例,男6例,女30例;年龄12～30岁,平均20.5岁;左侧15例,右侧21例,均为单侧受累。术前对所有患者行放射学检查观察股骨髁发育、下肢对线状况,测量Q角、股骨滑车角。全部病例在关节镜下手术,取出游离骨软骨碎片,松解外侧支持带以及皮下紧缩缝合内侧支持带。结果：随访13～60个月,平均42个月,均未发生感染等并发症,全部病例膝关节活动恢复正常,无疼痛、绞锁等症状。Lysholm评分由术前平均（28.9±2.5）分增加到术后平均（95.1±8.4）分,未发生再脱位。结论：急性髌骨脱位是一个潜在的破坏性损伤,关节镜手术治疗在急性髌骨脱位中实用,创伤小,恢复快,有效且可靠。     

关节镜治疗踝关节不稳合并前内侧撞击综合征

目的:探讨关节镜治疗踝关节不稳合并前内侧撞击综合征的手术技巧及疗效.方法:回顾性分析2019年2月至2020年8月收治的13例踝关节不稳合并前内侧撞击综合征患者.男10例,女3例;年龄(40.0±15.1)岁;病程(44.1±33.2)个月.所有患者有明确扭伤史,MRI证实踝关节距腓前韧带损伤,踝关节背伸时存在前内侧疼...     

Arthroscopic debridement for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee: 2- and 5-year results

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect that arthroscopic debridement in osteoarthritic knees has on patient satisfaction and function. Type of Study: Cohort observational study. Methods: Thirty-six patients (mean age, 64.8 years) were available for 2- and 5-year follow-up after undergoing knee arthroscopy to treat arthritic symptoms refractory to conservative treatment. Surgical treatment included debridement of meniscal lesions, stabilization of chondral defects, removal of impinging osteophytes, and notchplasty. Age, symptoms, preoperative and postoperative Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) scores, compartments involved, motion, impinging lesions, and level of satisfaction were evaluated. Results: At 2 years, 32 of 36 patients were satisfied. Mean HSS scores improved from 29.2 to 48.0. All 4 early failures had tricompartment disease (mean preoperative HSS scores, 21.5; preoperative flexion contractures, 15.6°). At 5 years, 25 of the 36 patients were satisfied with good to excellent results. Mean HSS scores decreased slightly to 43.2. Three patients had some deterioration and were rated fair, and 8 were considered failures requiring further surgery. The 25 of 36 with satisfactory results had a mean preoperative flexion contracture of 7.3° and average HSS scores of 33.2, whereas the other 11 of 36 had mean contractures of 15.0° and average HSS scores of 20.1. Poor results were associated with contractures greater than 10° (P =.05) and lower preoperative HSS scores (P =.05). Conclusions: Arthroscopic debridement of osteoarthritic knees has a favorable outcome in selected patients. Those patients with preoperative flexion contractures less than 10° and preoperative HSS scores greater than 22 beneficially responded to this method of treatment.Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery, Vol 18, No 8 (October), 2002: pp 829–834