万古霉素骨水泥治疗骨髓炎的临床疗效分析

目的探讨万古霉素骨水泥治疗骨髓炎的方法及疗效。方法 2008年6月至2011年8月使用万古霉素骨水泥治疗骨折术后骨髓炎的病例12例,男9例,女3例;年龄21～50岁,平均37.3岁。其中股骨4例,肱骨2例,锁骨2例,胫骨4例。以上病例均为术后感染,病程最早为3天,最晚为6个月。术前均常规行伤口及窦道分泌物细菌培养＋药敏,其中7例细菌培养阳性。手术行伤口扩创,窦道切除,术中取病灶细菌培养＋药敏,植入万古霉素骨水泥,比例为1∶20,术后常规行伤口负压引流,全身使用敏感抗生素或万古霉素治疗。分别于术后3 d、1周、2周、6周行血沉、C反应蛋白、血常规检查。结果所有病例均获得随访,随访时间3～14个月。所有患者骨髓炎均得到有效控制,骨折均得到愈合,7例患者行2次手术取出骨折固定物。结论万古霉素骨水泥能有效的治疗术后骨髓炎,控制感染。方法简单、效果可靠,是临床治疗骨折术后感染的有效方法。     

病灶清除结合碘伏纱布填塞治疗慢性骨髓炎

目的探讨病灶清除结合碘伏纱布填塞治疗慢性骨髓炎的疗效。方法自2001年8月至2005年2月，应用病灶清除术结合碘伏纱布填塞治疗多个部位的慢性骨髓炎27例，术后2周待创口渗液明显减少后Ⅱ期缝合创口。手术前后均摄病灶处X线片，并行血常规、肝肾功、CRP、血沉等检查，观察创口愈合、流脓及不良反应情况，评价其治疗效果。随访时限平均为2．8年。结果术后2周，血WBC、ESR及CRP较术前明显降低，肝肾功复查较术前无明显差异。平均每日连续碘伏纱填塞换药时间15．6d，平均静脉抗生索用药16．8d，平均口服抗生素用药3．2个月，平均住院日28．2d。最终随访时结果显示痊愈25例。2例复发，经再次清创及转移肌皮瓣治疗后痊愈。结论病灶清除结合碘伏纱布填塞是一种安全、实用、有效、价廉的治疗慢性骨髓炎的方法。     

化脓性脊柱感染的诊断和治疗选择

目的分析化脓性脊柱感染的病因、临床表现、实验室和影像学的诊断依据,以及各种治疗方案的效果。方法自1997年8月-2005年6月共收治化脓性脊柱感染患者10例,平均年龄58岁。10例中2例有脊柱外伤史,2例合并有糖尿病。患者常规进行平片、核磁共振及血常规、血沉、细菌培养等实验室检查。所有患者均接受抗生素治疗,5例患者接受手术。结果金黄色葡萄球菌是最常见的致病菌,糖尿病、外伤和他处感染病灶是本病的易感因素。所有患者血沉均增高,白细胞计数增高者占40%,C反应蛋白增高者占80%。10例中3例出现截瘫或者不全瘫,行手术治疗,术后患者瘫痪症状均有减轻,但程度不一。结论化脓性脊柱感染包括椎体骨髓炎、椎间盘炎、脊柱椎间盘炎、化脓性小关节感染和硬膜外脓肿。抗感染和制动是最基本的治疗措施,保守治疗无效,合并有硬膜外脓肿或者瘫痪的患者应行清创引流和减压手术。     

肌皮瓣转位治疗慢性骨髓炎及外伤性软组织缺损

我们在1977年6月至1983年6月运用肌皮瓣转位术治疗慢性骨髓炎,褥疮,外伤后瘢痕挛缩和外伤后软组织缺损等疾病共58例。经八个月至六年的随访,23例慢性骨髓炎和15例褥疮均未复发。 本组男性49例,女性9例,年龄19～50岁。其中慢性骨髓炎23例,褥疮并发深部滑囊     

一期后路病灶清除植骨融合钉棒固定治疗L_5～S_1结核

目的评价一期后路病灶清除植骨融合并钉棒固定治疗L5~S1结核的疗效。方法对23例L5~S1结核患者采用腰椎后路病灶清除植骨融合术治疗。根据疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、血沉、C-反应蛋白、受累区腰骶角及植骨融合情况评价临床疗效。结果所有患者均顺利完成手术,术中出血量100~1 500(227.28±119.25)ml。23例患者均获随访,时间6~18(13.2±4.3)个月。血沉:术前(47.30±15.45)mm/1 h,术后3个月(10.43±4.47)mm/1 h,除5例高于正常值,其余恢复正常。C-反应蛋白:术前(36.01±23.60)mg/L,术后3个月(8.55±7.20)mg/L,有6例高于正常值。末次随访所有患者血沉、C-反应蛋白均正常。VAS:由术前的(4.09±2.45)分降低至末次随访的(0.65±0.71)分。腰骶角:术后30.98°±2.97°较术前23.40°±2.43°恢复7.6°,末次随访30.11°±2.75°,丢失1.0°。以上各项指标术后及末次随访与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论一期后路病灶清除植骨融合是治疗L5~S1结核的有效方法,术前的明确诊断、正确的适应证选择及术中的精细操作是手术成功重要因素。     

一期前路病灶清除植骨融合内固定术治疗下颈椎化脓性骨髓炎

目的:探讨一期前路病灶清除、感染椎体次全切、自体髂骨植骨融合、钛板固定术治疗下颈椎化脓性骨髓炎的疗效。方法:2004年1月至2009年6月共收治17例下颈椎化脓性骨髓炎患者,男性14例,女性3例;年龄42~78岁,平均56.5岁。17例患者均有颈痛,9例伴发热,6例伴脊髓损伤,5例伴神经根性损伤。影像学检查13例有硬膜外脓肿形成,4例椎前脓肿形成伴椎体广泛破坏。均于广谱或敏感抗菌素治疗7~14d后行一期前路病灶清除、感染椎体次全切除、自体髂骨植骨融合、钛板内固定术。术后抗菌素治疗12~14周,定期复查血白细胞计数、血沉和C反应蛋白、颈椎正侧位X线片及CT,术后12个月行MRI检查。结果:手术时间50~150min,平均110min,术中无血管及神经损伤发生;术后2例切口浅层感染,经换药后愈合,无食管漏等严重并发症发生。所有患者于术后1周内颈痛缓解,体温恢复正常。13例于术后12周前白细胞计数、血沉、C反应蛋白均降至正常;4例白细胞计数正常,但血沉及C反应蛋白至术后9个月才降至正常。所有患者于术后12个月复查CT,16例植骨融合;1例融合失败,24个月随访时假关系形成。随访18~24个月,平均20.3个月,术前有脊髓和神经根损伤患者神经功能均完全恢复正常,感染均无复发。结论:在规范、有效、充分的围手术期抗菌素治疗期间行一期前路病灶清除、感染椎体次全切除、自体髂骨植骨融合、钛板内固定术是治疗下颈椎化脓性骨髓炎的有效方法。     

黄葵胶囊对糖尿病肾病患者微炎症状态的观察

目的：观察中药黄葵胶囊对糖尿病肾病（DN）患者微炎症状态的影响。方法：选取DN早期患者43例,研究分组为正常对照组20例,黄葵胶囊组23例,对照组给予常规控制血糖、血压、血脂等药物,黄葵胶囊组为在对照组基础上,加服黄葵胶囊,连续用药8周。分别观察尿蛋白定量、血肌酐,尿素氮,C-反应蛋白及肿瘤坏死因子的改变,并进行前后对比。结果：与对照组相比,黄葵胶囊治疗后尿蛋白定量检查均较治疗前有明显好转（P〈0.05）;其C-反应蛋白及肿瘤坏死因子水平明显下降（P〈0.05）。结论：在DN早期存在微炎症状态;黄葵胶囊可能具有调节DN患者微炎症状态的作用。     

载药人工骨联合肌皮瓣转移治疗慢性创伤性骨髓炎

目的采用载药人工骨联合肌皮瓣转移治疗慢性创伤性骨髓炎。方法对慢性创伤性骨髓炎12例术前均行X线片、CT和MRI检查,常规进行进行血液细菌培养和药物敏感试验,清除病灶,放入含有万古霉素的硫酸钙颗粒,填塞髓腔及骨缺损,带蒂肌皮瓣或游离肌皮瓣覆盖修复软组织缺损。结果本组伤口均一期愈合,未见骨髓炎复发,疼痛缓解。复查X线片均可见硬化骨不同程度吸收。患肢功能恢复良好。结论采用载药人工骨联合肌皮瓣转移治疗慢性创伤性骨髓炎,是临床可行、可靠的治疗慢性骨髓炎方法。     

采用硫酸钙载抗生素系统联合髋关节翻修术治疗髋关节置换术后假体周围感染的疗效分析

目的 探讨硫酸钙载抗生素联合髋关节翻修术治疗髋关节置换术后假体周围感染（PJI）的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2021年10月间常州市武进中医医院骨伤科收治的髋关节置换术后假体周围感染患者12例,其中男8例,女4例;年龄56～76岁（64.9±6.0）岁;其中全髋关节置换术后感染10例,股骨头置换术后感染2例。本组术后出现感染症状距离首次置换时间1～120(15.2±33.4)个月。记录患者术前和术后末次随访时白细胞计数、血沉及C-反应蛋白,改良髋关节Harris评分（mHHS）及髋关节结果（HOS）评分。结果 12例患者随访时间为12～23(17.2±6.7)个月。所有患者术后切口均按期愈合,未出现伤口持续渗液、异位骨化、感染复发等并发症。有1例出现无症状低钙血症。术中组织细菌培养有3例为阴性,9例为阳性,其中3例为金黄色葡萄球菌,3例为表皮葡萄球菌,2例为肺炎克雷伯菌,1例为粪肠球菌。末次随访时白细胞计数、血沉及C-反应蛋白较术前均有显著下降（P<0.05）。末次随访时mHHS评分及HOS评分较术前均有显著上升（P<0.05）。结论 在髋关节置换术后PJI...     

载抗生素磷酸钙与外固定架治疗长骨创伤后骨髓炎

[目的]探讨载抗生素磷酸钙与外固定架治疗长骨创伤后骨髓炎的临床疗效。[方法] 35例长骨骨折术后骨髓炎患者,行固定物取出、病灶清除、植入载抗生素磷酸钙及外架固定,比较术前与术后4周血小板、血沉及C反应蛋白(C-reaction protein, CRP)情况,观察骨髓炎治愈率、骨折愈合及骨缺损修复情况。[结果]所有患者均顺利完成手术,术中无血管、神经损伤等严重并发症。平均随访(15.26±2.53)个月,术后4周血小板、血沉及CRP较术前显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),骨髓炎治愈率达91.43%。34例患者局部骨质缺损修复,修复骨容积4～24 ml,骨折愈合平均(10.26±1.33)个月。[结论]载抗生素磷酸钙可填充死腔、缓释抗感染,诱导修复骨缺损,提高骨髓炎治愈率,结合外固定利于骨折愈合。     

腰椎管狭窄症椎体间植骨融合术后急性切口深部感染的处理

目的:探讨下腰椎后路椎管减压、椎体间植骨融合(PLIF)术后急性切口深部感染的治疗方法与临床效果。方法:回顾性分析2005年12月至2010年12月收治的10例下腰椎PLIF术后急性切口深部感染治疗资料,其中男4例,女6例;年龄34～70岁,平均52.8岁。所有患者采用病灶清除、冲洗引流加抗生素应用治疗,比较手术前后VAS,ESR,CRP及下腰痛JOA评分变化,评估临床效果。结果:所有患者获随访,时间19～28个月,平均24个月。1例椎间隙感染者取出椎体间融合器,保留内固定螺钉,1例清创术后感染进行性加重,出现中枢感染猝死,其余8例术后恢复良好,下腰痛VAS评分由术前8.0±0.4下降至术后2.8±0.3;JOA评分由术前10.30±3.02改善至术后24.10±2.85。ESR由术前(85.0±17.0)mm/h下降至术后(14.0±6.0)mm/h;CRP由术前(73.5±14.3)mg/L下降至术后(5.1±1.1)mg/L;WBC由术前(11.1±1.8)×109/L下降至(7.4±0.5)×109/L。结论:腰椎管狭窄症PLIF术后切口深部感染早期行伤口切开、清创、病灶清除冲洗引流,保留内固定物,敏感抗生素应用可取得良好临床效果。术前对高危因素的预防处理尤为重要,对于确诊的腰椎后路深部感染患者,保守治疗无效,需早期手术治疗。     

Single-stage treatment of pyogenic spinal infection with titanium mesh cages

STUDY DESIGN: Single institution retrospective review. OBJECTIVES: To report a series of pyogenic spinal infections treated with single-stage debridement and reconstruction with titanium mesh cages. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Various studies have reported surgical results of pyogenic spinal osteomyelitis with anterior debridement, strut grafting and fusion, including delayed posterior spinal instrumentation. Additionally, various authors have recommended against the use of instrumentation because of the concern about glycocalyx formation on the metal and chronic infection. At our institution, we routinely treat chronic vertebral osteomyelitis with single-stage debridement, reconstruction with a titanium mesh cage filled with allograft chips and demineralized bone matrix, and posterior pedicle screw instrumentation. To our knowledge, this is the largest single series reporting single-stage debridement and instrumentation of pyogenic spinal infection with titanium mesh cages and posterior instrumentation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the patient records and radiographs of 21 consecutive patients (average age 49.3 years, range 23 to 80 years) with pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis, all treated with titanium mesh cages. Average follow-up was 44 months (range, 25 to 70 months). Spinal levels included 6 thoracic, 4 thoracolumbar, 9 lumbar, and 2 lumbosacral (L5-S1) lesions. All patients had preoperative serum evaluation, which usually included blood cultures, complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP), in addition to plain radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging. A positive needle biopsy was available in only 2/7 patients (29%), and overall, preoperative pathogen identification was available in only 7/21 patients (33%). All patients were treated postoperatively with a minimum of 6 weeks of intravenous antibiotics, with a specific antibiotic regimen directed toward the postoperative pathogen when identified (17/21 cases). Extensive radiographic evaluation was also performed. RESULTS: ESR and CRP were routinely elevated (18/20 and 11/17 cases respectively), whereas the white blood count was elevated in only 8 out of 21 cases (38%). The average duration of symptoms to diagnosis was approximately 13.6 weeks (range 3 weeks to 10 months). The indications for surgery included neurologic compromise, significant vertebral body destruction with loss of sagittal alignment, failure of medical treatment, and/or epidural abscess. All patients had resolution of infection, as noted by normalization of the ESR and CRP. Further, 16 out of 21 patients also had a significant reduction of pain. There were no deaths or new postoperative neurologic compromise. The most common pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus. Two patients required a second surgery (posterior irrigation and debridement) during the same admission for persistent wound drainage. Radiographically, the average segmental kyphosis (or loss of lordosis) was 11.5 degrees (range, 0 to 24 degrees) preoperatively, and +0.8 degrees (range, -3 to +5 degrees) at latest postoperative follow-up. There was an average of 2.2 mm cage settling (range, 0 to 5 mm) on latest follow-up. There were no instrumentation failures, signs of chronic infection, or rejection. CONCLUSIONS: Titanium mesh cages present a viable option for single-stage anterior surgical debridement and reconstruction of vertebral osteomyelitis, without evidence of chronic infection or rejection. When used in conjunction with pedicle screw instrumentation, there is minimal cage settling without loss of sagittal alignment.     

Elevated ESR/CRP Ratio Is Associated With Reinfection After Debridement,Antibiotics, and Implant Retention in Chronic Periprosthetic Joint Infections

BackgroundRatios of established inflammatory markers, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP), have been used for diagnostic purposes in the surgical field; however, the ESR:CRP ratio (ECR) has not been evaluated as a marker for predicting infection resolution in patients with periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs). This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ECR in predicting postoperative reinfection in patients who underwent debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR).MethodsThis is a retrospective review of 179 consecutive patients who underwent DAIR revision total joint arthroplasty for PJI. Patients were stratified by acuity of their infection: acute PJI, acute hematogenous PJI, and chronic PJI. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was calculated to evaluate ECR as diagnostic marker for predicting postoperative reinfection in patients who underwent DAIR.ResultsStatistically significant differences in ECR were found in patients who underwent DAIR revision total joint arthroplasty for chronic infection (1.23 vs 2.33; P = .04). There was no significant difference in ECR in patients who underwent DAIR for acute infection (P = .70) and acute hematogenous infection (P = .56). In patients who underwent DAIR for chronic PJI, ECR demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 75% and 84%, respectively, for the prediction of postoperative reinfection, which was significantly higher than that of ESR (sensitivity, 67%; specificity, 47%; P < .001) and CRP (sensitivity, 50%; specificity, 26%; P < .001).ConclusionElevated ECR was associated with an increased reinfection risk in patients who underwent DAIR for chronic PJI, suggesting that preoperative ECR may be a useful predictor to identify patients at increased risk of reinfection after DAIR for chronic PJIs.     

Extensive eggshell-like debridement technique plus antibiotic-loaded calcium sulphate for one-stage treatment of chronic calcaneal osteomyelitis

BackgroundManagement of chronic calcaneal osteomyelitis is challenging. At present, there is still no widely accepted, simple, and effective surgical method to eradicate the infection and prevent osteomyelitis recurrence. The objective of this study was to assess the outcomes of one-stage treatment of chronic calcaneal osteomyelitis with a shape-preserving debridement technique combined with antibiotic-loaded calcium sulphate.MethodsBetween 2012 and 2018, 33 patients (33 limbs) with chronic calcaneal osteomyelitis were treated with a novel debridement technique, named “eggshell-like debridement”, plus antibiotic-impregnated calcium sulphate. The infection remission rate, recurrence rate, and amputation rate were analyzed. The American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle and hindfoot score was used to assess postoperative hindfoot function.Results26 patients (81.8%) achieved infection remission without recurrence. In the patients with osteomyelitis remission, pain, limitation of movement, sinus tracts, and typical redness and swelling were generally eliminated. Most of the patients could tolerate full weight-bearing without pain. The average AOFAS ankle and hindfoot score was 88 points (range, 67–100 points), implying the foot function was mostly restored. 6 patients (18.2%) had osteomyelitis recurrence but no amputation was required to elimilate the infection.ConclusionsEggshell-like debridement combined with antibiotic-loaded calcium sulphate is an effective method for one-stage management of chronic calcaneal osteomyelitis. With the application of this technique, secondary autogenous bone or muscle flap grafts are unnecessary. The surgical procedure can be simplified whlie the hindfoot function is well preserved.     

Quadrant通道下MIS-TLIF联合膨胀式椎弓根螺钉治疗老年脊柱化脓性骨髓炎

目的:探讨Quadrant通道下MIS-TLIF联合膨胀式椎弓根螺钉(expandable pedicle screw,EPS)治疗老年脊柱化脓性骨髓炎(pyogenic discitis and vertebral osteomyelitis,PDVO)的可行性和临床疗效。方法:对2016年1月至2017年6月收治的11例老年脊柱化脓性骨髓炎患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,其中男7例,女4例;年龄59～79(68.09±5.34)岁。11例患者均在全麻Quadrant通道辅助下采用MIS-TLIF技术行清创、植骨融合,联合EPS完成后路固定。记录手术时间、术中出血量、术中输血量、术后下床时间、术后并发症及随访期间的红细胞沉降率(ESR);采用视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)来评价临床疗效;采用影像学资料评估腰椎融合情况。结果:11例PDVO患者在Quadrant通道辅助下采用MIS-TLIF技术顺利完成了手术,清创彻底、植骨融合充分,无硬膜囊及神经根损伤等并发症的发生;手术时间(179.55±59.05) min,术中出血量(174.55±49.22) ml,术中输浓缩红细胞(109.09±97.00) ml,血浆(72.73±100.91) ml,术后下床时间(1.91±0.83) d;切口均Ⅰ期愈合,术后随访时间(19.27±11.63)个月;VAS评分术后1周为3.73±1.01,术后6个月为2.18±0.40;ESR术后6周为(19.27±2.61) mm/h(降低50%以上),术后6个月为(9.55±1.01) mm/h,均在正常范围内。随访期内所有患者达到了临床治愈标准,植骨融合时间(5.54±1.51)个月。结论:Quadrant通道下MIS-TLIF联合EPS治疗老年PDVO,实现了老年PDVO患者手术治疗的微创化,其可行性得到了验证,是治疗老年人脊柱化脓性骨髓炎的一种安全、可靠的方法。     

The Natural Course of Serum D-Dimer,C-Reactive Protein,and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Levels After Uneventful Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty

BackgroundThis study aimed to assess the baseline levels of D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and monitor the natural course of these serum markers after uneventful primary total joint arthroplasty.MethodsThis prospective study enrolled 81 patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty or total hip arthroplasty. The level of serum D-dimer, CRP, and ESR was measured preoperatively and on postoperative days 1, 3, 5, 15, and 45. Mean peak values, peak times, and distribution were compared between D-Dimer, CRP, and ESR.ResultsThe mean preoperative serum D-dimer, CRP, and ESR level was 412 ± 260 (range 200-980) ng/mL, 2.93 ± 2.1 (range 1-18) mg/L, and 22.88 ± 17.5 (range 3-102) mm/h, respectively. The highest mean peak for D-dimer, CRP, and ESR was at postoperative day 1, 3, and 5, respectively.ConclusionD-dimer levels reached peak levels on postoperative day 1 and then declined rapidly to a plateau level by postoperative day 3. A second, albeit small, peak in the level of D-dimer occurred on postoperative day 15. The level of CRP and ESR remained elevated for much longer with CRP returning to baseline on postoperative day 45 and the level of ESR had not returned back to normal on postoperative day 45.     

Do Pre-Reimplantation Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate/C-Reactive Protein Cutoffs Guide Decision-Making in Prosthetic Joint Infection? Are We Flying Blind?

BackgroundTwo-stage exchange is a commonly used approach for treating chronic periprosthetic joint infections (PJI). A pre-reimplantation threshold value of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) to determine infection eradication and the proper timing of reimplantation remains ill-defined.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 483 potential patients for eligibility. In total, 178 patients were excluded. In addition, 305 joints were eligible who underwent 2-stage revision for prosthetic hip or knee joint infection (PJI). Serum ESR and CRP were recorded at 8 weeks post resection prior to stage 2 reimplantation. ESR and CRP were analyzed with receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) for response failure.ResultsIn total, 252 patients had resections for chronic infections while 53 septic patients had resections for acute infections. Forty-one of 252 (16.3%) patients failed reimplantation. Median ESR at the time of reimplantation was 17 (normal less than 20 mm/h). Median CRP was 0.6 (normal less than 0.5 mg/dL). ROC plot for response failure in analyzing ESR found an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.47. ROC plot analyzing CRP found an AUC of 0.57. The ratio of ESR/CRP was also utilized and found an AUC of 0.60. All of the AUC data are in the “fail to discriminate category.”ConclusionAlthough improvements in serology can be somewhat reassuring, there are no statistically significant values of ESR or CRP that would predict failure of reimplantation in the 2-stage treatment of PJI. Because we are flying blind consideration should be made for mandatory pre-reimplantation aspirates.Level of EvidenceLevel IV, Retrospective Case Series.     

关节镜清理结合灌注冲洗治疗前交叉韧带重建术后关节感染

目的:探讨膝关节前交叉韧带重建术后关节感染的治疗策略。方法:2005年3月至2014年2月关节镜下前交叉韧带重建术后关节感染6例,均为男性,年龄18～36岁。患者术后出现膝关节疼痛肿胀,血沉和C-反应蛋白升高,细菌培养均为表皮样葡萄球菌。采用关节镜清理和置管灌注冲洗。按照Lysholm膝关节评分系统和膝关节活动度对患者进行评价。结果:所有患者的感染均被控制,血沉和C反应蛋白恢复正常,Lysholm膝关节评分85～95分,膝关节活动度120°～135°。结论:前交叉韧带重建术后关节感染,早期采用关节镜清理和置管灌注冲洗获得满意疗效。     

Bioactive glass in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis in children: Description of four consecutive cases and literature review

IntroductionChronic osteomyelitis in children is a rare condition. Debridement surgery, along with appropriate antibiotic therapy, is widely agreed to represent the best procedure in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis but can result in an extensive dead space formation. In this study, we evaluated the use of bioactive glass to address dead space management.MethodsFour consecutive cases of chronic osteomyelitis treated with antibiotic therapy, one stage- surgical debridement and bioglass implantation between September 2016 and February 2017 were prospectively followed for a minimum of three years. Two cases followed acute hematogenous osteomyelitis, two cases followed fracture fixation. Clinical, histology, laboratory and radiographic findings were recorded. Primary endpoint was eradication of infection. Possible complication related to bioglass application were investigated.ResultsAll patients achieved healing at the latest follow-up of minimum three years. No successive surgical treatments were required at any time. No complications related to the bioglass were detected. Radiographic reconstruction of normal anatomy progressed through the years.ConclusionsBioglass for the treatment of dead space after surgical debridement appears a viable option in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis in children.     

在腰椎后路内固定术后早期发热患者中监测4种血清感染指标水平的临床意义

目的:评价腰椎内固定术后发热患者血清PCT、CRP、ESR水平,以及WBC计数在诊断患者是否合并感染中的作用。方法:对2012年1月至2014年1月间在脊柱外科接受腰椎后路内固定术治疗并在术后早期(术后10 d内)出现发热症状的58例患者进行回顾性分析。根据细菌学培养结果将58例患者分为发热并感染组(A组)和发热非感染组(B组),其中A组26例,B组32例。收集临床数据,比较两组间血清PCT、CRP、ESR,以及WBC计数的差异。根据受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,分析上述指标在诊断术后早期发热患者是否合并感染中的作用。结果:A组PCT、CRP、ESR高于B组(P<0.05),但是B组CRP、ESR仍高于正常范围。同时在A组中,PCT在鉴别感染类型方面要优于CRP和ESR。各指标ROC曲线分析示,PCT曲线下面积最大,CI 95%为0.81~0.98,WBC计数对应的ROC则差异无统计学意义。对应各指标的截断点,CRP特异度最高为90.27%,ESR的灵敏度最高为88.50%。结论:对于腰椎后路内固定术后早期发热患者应予以足够的重视,合理选取监测指标对于早期诊断、早期预防感染有良好的参考价值。其中PCT受手术影响较小,在鉴别感染类型方面有一定的参考价值,CRP和ESR可作为初筛检测指标,WBC计数意义有限。