磷酸化Stat3和磷酸化Akt及磷酸化ERK1/2在表皮良恶性肿瘤中的表达

目的 探讨磷酸化细胞信号传导与转录活化因子3(p-Stat3)和磷酸化Akt(p-Akt)及磷酸化细胞外信号调节激酶(p-ERK1/2)在表皮良恶性肿瘤中的表达.方法 采用免疫组化的方法检测脂溢性角化病,光线性角化病,鲍恩样丘疹病,基底细胞上皮瘤,鲍恩病,鳞状细胞癌中p-Stat3,p-Akt及p-ERK1/2的表达.结果 p-Stat3,p-Akt及p-ERK1/2阳性表达率在表皮恶性肿瘤中明显高于良性肿瘤(P均<0.05).p-Stat3和p-Akt的阳性表达率在表皮恶性肿瘤中从高到低依次为鳞状细胞癌>鲍恩病>基底细胞上皮瘤,而p-ERK1/2的阳性表达率无差异(P>0.05).在表皮恶性肿瘤中,p-Stat3和p-Akt的阳性表达呈显著正相关(P<0.05).而p-ERK1/2的阳性表达与p-Star3、p-Akt的阳性表达之间无相关性(P>0.05).结论 p-Stat3,p-AKT和p-ERK1/2参与表皮恶性肿瘤的发病.     

皮肤鳞状细胞癌STAT3和MAPK磷酸化及cyclinD1蛋白表达的意义

目的探讨磷酸化信号传导和转录激活因子3(p-STAT3)、磷酸化丝裂原激活的蛋白激酶(p-MAPK)、细胞周期蛋白D1(cyc linD1)在皮肤鳞状细胞癌(SCC)的水平和意义。方法免疫组化方法观察30例SCC中p-STAT3,p-MAPK和cyc linD1蛋白的水平。结果①p-STAT3的水平在SCC中呈明显上调(P<0.001);而p-MAPK在正常皮肤和表皮良恶性肿瘤中的水平差异无统计学意义。②p-STAT3在皮肤SCC中的阳性强度与肿瘤的分化程度有关(P<0.05),阳性率与肿瘤浸润的深度有关(P<0.05),与肿瘤的大小无关。③皮肤SCC中,p-STAT3和cyc linD1的阳性强度呈正相关(P<0.05)。p-MAPK和cyc linD1的阳性强度无相关性。结论①STAT3的磷酸化可能在皮肤SCC的发生发展中起重要作用,并可作为皮肤SCC预后判断的辅助指标之一。②在皮肤SCC中,p-STAT3可能通过诱导cyc linD1过度表达,从而促使肿瘤细胞维持高增殖状态。     

磷酸化Stat3和磷酸化Akt及细胞周期蛋白D1在血管肉瘤中的表达

目的 探讨磷酸化细胞信号传导与转录活化因子3(Stat3)和磷酸化Akt及细胞周期蛋白D1在血管肉瘤中的表达.方法 采用免疫组化ABC的方法检测磷酸化Stat3(p-Stat3)和磷酸化Akt(pAkt)及细胞周期蛋白D1在21例血管肉瘤和15例毛细血管瘤石蜡包埋切片中的表达.结果 在21例血管肉瘤石蜡包埋切片中,有15例p-Stat3表达阳性,11例p-Akt表达阳性,16例细胞周期蛋白D1表达阳性;而在15例毛细血管瘤中仅有4例p-Stat3表达阳性,2例p-Akt表达阳性,4例细胞周期蛋白D1表达阳性,两组各阳性表达率分别经卡方检验发现,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).在血管肉瘤中,p-Stat3阳性表达与细胞周期蛋白D1的阳性表达有相关性(r=0.62,P=0.003),而p-Akt阳性表达与细胞周期蛋白D1的阳性表达无相关性(r=-0.09,P=0.700).结论 p-Stat3、p-Akt和细胞周期蛋白D1在血管肉瘤的形成机制中可能起一定的作用.     

磷酸化信号传导和转录激活因子3和上皮钙黏着蛋白在表皮肿瘤的表达

目的探讨磷酸化信号传导和转录激活因子3(p-stat3)和E钙黏蛋白在表皮肿瘤的表达和意义。方法免疫组化方法观察30例皮肤鳞状细胞癌(SCC)、20例基底细胞上皮瘤(BCC)、20例脂溢性角化病(SK)肿瘤细胞中p鄄stat3和E钙黏蛋白的表达,20例正常人皮肤为对照。结果①p鄄stat3在皮肤SCC、BCC中呈明显的上调表达,皮肤SCC中p鄄stat3的表达强度明显高于BCC(P<0.05);②p鄄stat3在皮肤SCC中的表达强度与肿瘤的分化程度有关(P<0.05),阳性表达率与肿瘤浸润的深度有关(P<0.05),与肿瘤的大小无关。③皮肤SCC中E钙黏蛋白的表达明显减弱(P<0.001),且皮肤SCC中E钙黏蛋白的表达强度比皮肤BCC也明显减弱(P<0.05)。在皮肤SCC中E钙黏蛋白的表达强度与肿瘤的分化程度有关,阳性表达率与肿瘤浸润的深度和肿瘤的大小无关。④皮肤SCC中,p鄄stat3和E钙黏蛋白的阳性表达强度具有负相关性,rs=-0.37,P<0.05。结论p鄄stat3的表达异常可能在表皮肿瘤的发生中起重要作用。stat3的过度活化可能与皮肤SCC的侵袭性潜能密切相关。     

磷酸化STAT3和细胞周期蛋白D1在小汗腺癌中的表达

目的: 检测磷酸化STAT3(p-STAT3)和细胞周期蛋白D1(Cyclin D1)在小汗腺癌中的表达.方法: 采用免疫组化ABC法检测p-STAT3和Cyclin D1在小汗腺癌和小汗腺汗孔瘤包埋切片中的表达.结果: 18例小汗腺癌中有13例p-STAT3表达阳性,14例Cyclin D1表达阳性,20例小汗腺汗孔瘤中有3例p-STAT3表达阳性,4例Cyclin D1表达阳性.在小汗腺癌中p-STAT3表达与Cyclin D1的表达呈正相关性(r=0.724,P<0.01).结论: p-STAT3和Cyclin D1在小汗腺癌的肿瘤形成机制中起重要作用.     

磷酸化ATF2、STAT3在隆突性皮肤纤维肉瘤和皮肤纤维瘤中的表达

目的: 检测磷酸化活化转录因子2(p-ATF2)和磷酸化细胞信号传导与转录活化因子3(p-STAT3)在隆突性皮肤纤维肉瘤(DFSP)和皮肤纤维瘤(DF)中的表达.方法: 采用免疫组化ABC法检测p-ATF2和p-STAT3分别在15例DFSP和18例DF皮损石蜡包埋切片中的表达.结果: 在15例DFSP中,分别有13例和14例高表达p-ATF2和p-STAT3.而在18例DF中,分别有8例和6例表达p-ATF2和p-STAT3.DFSP中p-ATF2和p-STAT3的表达均显著高于DF中的表达(P<0.05).在DFSP中,p-ATF2与p-STAT3阳性表达呈高度相关性(r=0.63,P<0.05).结论: p-ATF2和p-STAT3在DFSP中呈高表达,提示它们在DFSP的发生和发展中可能起一定作用.     

磷酸化活化转录因子2和磷酸化细胞信号传导与转录活化因子3在皮肤恶性黑素瘤中的表达

目的:探讨磷酸化活化转录因子(p-ATF)2和磷酸化细胞信号传导与转录活化因子(p-STAT)3在皮肤恶性黑素瘤中的表达及其临床意义.方法:采用免疫组化方法分别检测p-ATF2 和p-STAT3 在25 例原发性皮肤恶性黑素瘤(CMM)患者和14例转移性恶性黑素瘤(转移性MM)患者组织病理切片中的表达水平.结果:p-ATF2和p-STAT3在25例CMM和14例转移性MM 患者组织病理切片中细胞表达阳性率均分别显著高于色素痣中的表达阳性率(P ＜ 0.01),但在25 例CMM 和14 例转移性MM之间细胞表达阳性率差异无统计学意义(P ＞ 0.05).在25例CMM和14例转移性MM 患者组织病理切片中,p-ATF2阳性表达与p-STAT3阳性表达均分别有高度相关性(r分别为0.912和0.934,P 均＜0.01).结论:p-ATF2 和p-STAT3 虽在CMM 和转移性MM 中高表达,但与皮肤恶性黑素瘤的侵袭和转移无明显相关.     

血管瘤组织总ERK1/2及磷酸化ERK1/2的免疫印迹检测

目的检测细胞外信号调节激酶1/2(总ERK1/2)及磷酸化ERK1/2(p-ERK1/2)在血管瘤组织中的表达并探讨其意义。方法应用免疫印迹法检测10例增生期血管瘤组织和8例退化期血管瘤组织总ERK1/2及p-ERK1/2的蛋白表达。结果增生期血管瘤组织总ERK1/2的蛋白表达(0.87±0.14)与退化期血管瘤组织总ERK1/2的蛋白表达(0.79±0.05)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);增生期血管瘤组织p-ERK1/2的蛋白表达(0.44±0.04)明显高于与退化期血管瘤组织p-ERK1/2的蛋白表达(0.23±0.08),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论血管瘤增生与ERK活性增高及ERK通路激活有关。     

乳房外Paget病中p-ATF2和p-STAT3的表达

目的探讨磷酸化活化转录因子2(p-ATF2)和磷酸化细胞信号传导与转录活化因子3(p-STAT3)在乳房外Paget病(EMPD)中的表达。方法采用免疫组化ABC法检测p-ATF2和p-STAT3在45例EMPD皮损石蜡包埋切片中的表达。结果在45例EMPD中,有43例高表达p-ATF2和p-STAT3。在8例进展性EMPD中,p-ATF2 (>95%)和p-STAT3(>92%)表达阳性细胞百分数均高于非进展性EMPD(P值均<0.01)。在EMPD中,p-ATF2阳性表达与p-STAT3阳性表达有高度相关性(r=0.97,P<0.001)。结论p-ATF2和p-STAT3在EMPD的发生和肿瘤进展机制中可能起一定的作用。     

Overexpression of phosphorylated-STAT3 correlated with the invasion and metastasis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

In order to evaluate the possible effects of STAT3 phosphorylation and expression of E-cadherin on metastasis of some human epidermal non-melanoma cutaneous tumors, the expression of phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) and E-cadherin were analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and seborrhoeic keratosis (SK). An immunohistochemistry staining technique was employed to measure the expression of p-STAT3 and E-cadherin protein in 30 cases of cutaneous SCC, 20 cases of BCC, 20 cases of SK, and 20 specimens of normal skin. The results were as follows: 1) p-STAT3 protein was abnormally increased in SCC as compared to normal skin and SK (p<0.001). Expression of p-STAT3 in SCC was also significantly higher than in BCC (p<0.05). 2) Expression of p-STAT3 was higher in poorly-differentiated SCC than in well-differentiated ones (p<0.05). The positive rate of the expression of p-STAT3 correlated well with the depth of tumor invasion and with metastasis (p<0.05), but there was no correlation between the positive rate and tumor size. 3) E-cadherin was strongly expressed on the cell membranes of normal skin and SK, especially on basal cells. E-cadherin was weakly expressed on cell membranes of SCC and BCC (p<0.001), whereas its expression was significantly lower in SCC than in BCC (p<0.05). In SCC, the intensity of E-cadherin expression was correlated with the extent of tumor differentiation, but there was no correlation between the expression intensity and the depth of tumor invasion or tumor size. 4) There was a negative correlation between the expression intensity of p-STAT3 and E-cadherin in SCC (rs=-0.372, p<0.05). We concluded that the overexpression of p-STAT3 may have an important role in the development of epidermal tumors. Abnormal activation of STAT3 may be related to metastasis potential in SCC and the simultaneous detection of p-STAT3 and E-cadherin may contribute to predicating the prognosis in SCC.     

磷酸化STAT3和磷酸化ERK1/2在隆突性皮肤纤维肉瘤中的表达及其意义

目的：确定磷酸化STAT3和磷酸化ERK1／2蛋白在DPSP中表达的意义。方法：采用免疫组化ABC的方法检测磷酸化STAT3和磷酸化ERK1／2蛋白在25例DPSP和20例皮肤纤维瘤切片中的表达。结果：在25例DPSP包埋切片中有17例P—STAT3表达阳性，19例P—ERK1／2表达阳性，而在20例皮肤纤维瘤中有5例P-STAT3表达阳性，4例P—ERK1／2表达阳性；P—STAT3和P—ERK1／2在DPSP中的阳性表达明显高于其在皮肤纤维瘤中的阳性表达（P〈0．01）。结论：P—STAT3和D—ERK1／2在DFSP的肿瘤发病机制中可能起重要作用。     

Concordant overexpression of p-FAK and p-ERK1/2 in extramammary Paget’s disease

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a tyrosine kinase which is at the crossroad of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2), PI3K/Akt, MAPK and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. We have previously reported that p-ERK1/2, p-Akt, p38MAPK and p-STAT3 are overexpressed in extramammary Paget’s diseases (EMPD), this study aimed to examine the expression of phosphorylated (p)-FAK and p-ERK1/2 proteins in EMPD and to evaluate the relationships among them. Paraffin-embedded EMPD specimens (35 tissue samples from 33 patients with primary EMPD, including two samples of metastatic lymph nodes from two of the 33 patients) were subjected to immunohistochemical staining for p-FAK and p-ERK1/2. All of the 35 EMPD specimens, including all of six invasive EMPD and two metastatic lymph node specimens, showed cytoplasmic overexpression of p-FAK and nuclear overexpression of p-ERK1/2. The expression levels (% positive cells) of p-FAK and p-ERK1/2 (88.34 ± 14.66 and 91.26 ± 11.21%) in EMPD were significantly higher than those in normal skin (22.38 ± 2.13 and 29.00 ± 4.44%), respectively. The expression levels of p-FAK (95.38 ± 4.57%) and p-ERK1/2 (96.25 ± 5.01%) in the advanced EMPD showed slightly higher than that in the non-invasive EMPD (86.26 ± 15.99 and 89.78 ± 12.15%), respectively. There exhibited a significantly high positive correlation between expression levels of p-ERK1/2 and p-FAK in EMPD. The present study shows that the concordant overexpression of p-FAK and p-ERK1/2 in EMPD which is associated with the grade of malignancy of EMPD, indicating that p-FAK and p-ERK1/2 may play pivotal roles in the tumorigenesis and further malignant transduction of EMPD.     

光线性角化病和鳞状细胞癌表皮生长因子受体与MAPK信号通路的研究

目的 探讨磷酸化ERK1/2、JNK和p38MAPK与其上游因子表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）及下游转录因子Elk-1在光线性角化病（AK）和皮肤鳞状细胞癌（SCC）中的表达。 方法 收集确诊为AK和高、中、低分化SCC患者各30例的病变组织,同时收集30例非癌患者正常皮肤组织作为正常对照组。采用免疫组化及Western印迹法分别检测p-EGFR、p-ERK1/2、p-JNK、p-p38MAPK及p-Elk-1蛋白在AK和不同分化程度SCC中的表达情况。 结果 p-EGFR在SCC组中的表达高于AK组及正常对照组（P < 0.05）,AK组与正常对照组表达差异无统计学意义;p-ERK1/2、p-JNK、p-p38MAPK及p-Elk-1在SCC的表达均高于AK组及正常对照组（P < 0.05）,且在AK中的表达又均高于正常对照组（P < 0.05）。除p-EGFR和p-Elk-1在高分化和中分化SCC中的表达差异无统计学意义,p-ERK1/2、p-JNK、p-p38MAPK随着SCC分化程度的降低,其表达逐渐增高（P < 0.05）。相关性分析显示,在SCC中p-EGFR的表达与p-ERK1/2、p-JNK、p-p38MAPK的表达强度呈正相关（r = 0.843、0.819、0.902,均P < 0.01）,且p-Elk-1的表达与p-ERK1/2、p-JNK、p-p38MAPK的表达强度亦呈正相关（r = 0.874、0.843、0.893,均P < 0.01）;在AK中p-EGFR的表达仅与p-p38MAPK的表达强度呈正相关（r =0.707,P = 0.022）。 结论 p-EGFR、p-ERK1/2、p-JNK、p-p38MAPK及p- Elk-1蛋白在皮肤SCC中的表达与其病理分级有关。磷酸化EGFR→ERK1/2、JNK、p38MAPK→Elk-1信号转导途径可能在AK和SCC的发生发展中起作用。     

The Expression of NMDA Receptor 1 Correlates with Clinicopathological Parameters in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Background

Ionotropic glutamate receptors of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) type are expressed on keratinocytes and play a role in the proliferation, differentiation, and cornification of keratinocytes. However, the expression profile of NMDAR and its role in cutaneous malignancy is unclear.

Objective

We analyzed the expression of NMDAR-1 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and investigated the relationship between NMDAR-1 expression and clinicopathological parameters.

Methods

Thirty-two patients with biopsy-proven cutaneous SCC were enrolled in this study. Each patient was analyzed for tumor diameter, location, local recurrence, and metastasis by conducting a chart review. The SCC specimens were histologically divided into differentiated and undifferentiated groups based on Broders'' system. NMDAR-1 expression was examined by performing immunohistochemistry, and the relative staining intensity in the SCCs was graded into 5 levels. According to the staining intensity of NMDAR-1, the specimens were categorized into two groups: the higher group and the lower group.

Results

Fifteen (88%) of 17 tumors in the higher group were differentiated SCC, whereas 14 (93%) of 15 tumors in the lower group were undifferentiated SCC. In addition, NMDAR-1 expression was inversely correlated with metastasis (p=0.049). Local recurrence was associated with a lower staining intensity, but the results were not statistically significant.

Conclusion

Our results demonstrate that NMDAR-1 expression in cutaneous SCC is significantly correlated with its differentiation and metastasis. Therefore, it may be a prognostic indicator for cutaneous SCC.     

皮肤鳞状细胞癌中基质金属蛋白酶2及金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子2的表达

目的：探讨皮肤鳞状细胞癌(简称鳞癌)中基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)、金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子2(TIMP-2)的表达及其与肿瘤分化程度和淋巴结转移的关系。方法：用ABC免疫组化技术观察50例皮肤鳞癌(高分化鳞癌34例，低分化鳞癌16例，其中14例淋巴结转移)。结果：MMP-2与TIMP-2均表达于瘤细胞和癌旁间质细胞、血管内皮细胞质中。MMP-2表达阳性率为76％(38／50)，在低分化鳞癌组中的表达明显高于高分化组(P=0．021)和有淋巴结转移组(P=0．003)。TIMP-2表达阳性率为74％(37／50)，在高分化或无淋巴结转移的鳞癌组中的表达明显高于低分化(P=0．010)或有淋巴结转移组(P=0．018)。结论：皮肤鳞癌中MMP-2和TIMP-2表达与其分化程度及淋巴结转移有关。