大鼠原代培养肝细胞的生物学特性研究

目的 :观察培养的原代大鼠肝细胞形态学和功能的动态变化 ,探讨其短期培养内的最佳功能状态。方法 :采用Seglen胶原酶二步灌流法分离肝细胞。光镜、透射电镜和免疫组化方法观察细胞形态学改变 ;并收集不同时期培养上清监测生化指标的改变。结果 :平均每只大鼠肝获取 1.2 1× 10 8个肝细胞 ,平均活力为 93.6 %。光镜下见肝细胞生长良好 ,可存活 3周 ,电镜下可见丰富的细胞器 ,细胞连接及胆小管 ,细胞角蛋白 18强阳性表达。肝细胞功能检测白蛋白分泌及尿素合成功能在第 3,4天时较好。结论 :肝细胞的形态和功能具有一致性 ,原代肝细胞在培养第 3,4天功能较好 ,可能为肝细胞移植和生物人工肝应用的最佳时机。     

微载体黏附培养SD大鼠肝细胞的生物学特性

目的:探讨微载体黏附培养SD大鼠肝细胞的生物学特性. 方法:对胶原酶消化法分离获取的SD大鼠肝细胞行微载体黏附培养,在倒置显微镜及扫描电镜下观察肝细胞形态变化,采用CL-800全自动生化分析仪检测不同时间培养上清中白蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和尿素的含量. 结果:微载体黏附培养肝细胞的正常形态及白蛋白、尿素合成功能可维持1 wk以上,LDH漏出量、白蛋白及尿素水平1 wk内呈波动性变化,在培养第3日白蛋白及尿素水平最高、LDH漏出量最低. 结论:微载体培养可提供高活性、高密度生长的肝细胞,可望为肝细胞移植、生物型人工肝提供较理想的细胞材料;微载体培养肝细胞在培养第3日功能最佳,可能为应用于肝细胞移植、生物型人工肝的最佳时间.     

大鼠肝细胞分离、原代培养及生物学特性研究

目的 :探讨体外原代培养大鼠肝细胞的分离方法、原代培养肝细胞的生物学特性。　方法 :以SD大鼠作肝细胞供者 ,采用胶原酶消化法分离获取肝细胞 ,并进行原代培养 ;以锥虫蓝染色法测细胞活力 ,在倒置显微镜下观察肝细胞形态变化 ,采用Beckman全自动生化分析仪检测各培养体系不同时间培养上清中Albumin、LDH、Urea的含量。　结果 :胶原酶消化法所获取的肝细胞形态完整、贴壁良好、活性高、功能强。LDH漏出量、白蛋白分泌及尿素合成功能在 1周内出现波动性变化 ,第 3天时LDH漏出量最低 ,白蛋白分泌及尿素合成功能较好。　结论 :胶原酶消化法为一较好的肝细胞分离方法 ,分离的肝细胞在培养第 3天功能最佳     

三明治构型大鼠原代肝细胞长期培养及生物学特性的研究

目的观察三明治构型大鼠原代肝细胞长期培养的形态学变化,并对其功能进行测定。方法采用改良原位2步法门静脉胶原酶灌注分离单肝细胞,台盼蓝拒染实验观察细胞活力,利用三明治培养构型培养成年大鼠原代肝细胞,倒置显微镜下连续观察肝细胞的形态学变化,定期收集培养细胞上清液,检测培养肝细胞的分泌及合成功能,并与单层胶原培养肝细胞比较。结果平均每个鼠肝可获取2×108~3×108个肝细胞,活率在(93±3)%;体外肝细胞培养第3天,清蛋白分泌功能、尿素合成能力恢复到最佳状态。三明治构型培养的肝细胞清蛋白分泌功能、尿素合成能力在培养的14d内始终维持较高的水平,并形成肝索样结构,伴胆小管网络形成,肝细胞形态维持达28d以上。结论三明治构型肝细胞培养体系更接近于肝细胞体内生长环境,肝细胞可在较长时间内保持良好的形态结构和功能,三明治构型不仅可以应用于肝细胞的基础研究,而且为肝细胞移植和生物人工肝治疗肝衰竭奠定了一定的基础。     

猪肝细胞在聚砜膜生物界面生长的初步研究

目的初步了解中国实验乳猪肝细胞在聚砜膜生物界面生长的情况,探索聚砜膜作为生物人工肝中空纤维反应器膜材料的可行性.方法将分离的新生实验小型猪肝细胞接种到聚砜膜和聚苯乙烯界面,进行形态学观察及生物学功能测定,观察培养猪肝细胞的酶漏出量.结果乳猪肝细胞在聚砜膜界面培养呈球型黏附、铺展,形成多细胞聚集体.与聚苯乙烯组相比较,聚砜膜组的尿素合成和蛋白分泌能力更强,氨转化率也明显提高,LDH和AST的漏出量无显著差异.结论聚砜膜是良好的乳猪肝细胞生长的生物界面,可以作为生物人工肝中空纤维反应器的膜材料.     

永生化胚胎肝细胞系的构建及其生物学特性

目的:构建永生化肝细胞系并对其生物学特性及某些功能进行研究. 方法:利用SV40T基因和真核表达载体pcDNA3.1经脂质体转染至体外分离培养的人胚胎肝细胞,使其永生化,进一步鉴定其形态学特征和生物学功能. 结果:经G418 700～300 mg/L筛选,40 d后获得一株阳性克隆. 形态学观察发现,该细胞具有原代培养肝细胞的大多数典型特征. 永生化胚胎肝细胞克隆形成率为31.2%,染色体核型分析表明细胞核型无明显异常,软琼脂集落形成试验表明细胞在软琼脂中不能生长,免疫组化证明SV40T基因已整合入细胞,而且该细胞具有合成白蛋白的功能. 结论:新建胚胎肝细胞系具有与原代肝细胞类似的形态特征及生物学功能,可以成为生物人工肝及肝细胞移植研究中的理想细胞材料.     

SV40LT抗原介导的人源性肝细胞系的构建

目的：建立人源性永生化肝细胞系，为生物人工肝和肝细胞移植等提供合适的细胞源。方法：利用SV40L Tag基因和真核表达载体pcDNA3．1(-)经脂质体转染至来源于25岁男性脑死亡供肝的原代培养细胞，使其永生化，进一步鉴定其形态学特征和生物学功能。结果：经G418 700～300μg／ml筛选，42天后获一抗G418永生化肝细胞系。该细胞系呈单层贴壁、上皮细胞样形态生长。体外培养可无限传代，具有分泌ALB、ALT、AST及LDH的功能。超微结构观察发现，转染肝细胞具有原代培养肝细胞的大多数典型特征，如较大的细胞核、胞浆内含有丰富的糖原颗粒、大量的线粒体和粗面内质网等。经RT—PCR和Westernb lot检测，转染肝细胞的ALB mRNA阳性和细胞色素P450 2E1阳性。结论：新建人源性肝细胞系与原代培养肝细胞具有类似的形态学特征和生物学功能。     

28℃条件下短期培养新生广西巴马小型猪肝细胞的初步观察

目的对28℃条件下短期培养猪肝细胞的可行性进行初步评价.方法将刚分离的新生广西巴马小型猪肝细胞采用28℃条件下的短期培养1～3 d后,恢复37℃继续培养,观察升温前后肝细胞的形态及LDH、AST的释放量,检测28℃短期培养后肝细胞的氨清除率和尿素合成量.结果在28℃短期培养的肝细胞,用倒置相差显微镜观察到典型的形态特征,细胞未见明显增殖,恢复37℃继续培养后,肝细胞迅速增殖并维持典型的肝细胞形态;经28℃短期培养后的肝细胞和未经28℃短期培养的肝细胞均保持较强的尿素合成和氨清除能力,但在28℃培养2 d和3 d后的肝细胞尿素合成量较在28℃培养1 d后的肝细胞尿素合成量显著降低(P＜0.01);培养期内LDH、AST漏出量较少.结论28℃短期培养能较好地维持猪肝细胞的形态学特征和功能,有望成为一种有效的保存和运输生物人工肝细胞材料的方法.     

原代培养大鼠肝细胞的基因转染

目的：研究原代培养大鼠肝细胞的基因转染的方法．方法：采用胶原酶灌注法获取原代培养大鼠肝细胞．利用脂质体转染法将含有绿色荧光蛋白(GFF)和Neo基因的真核细胞表达载体(pEGFP-N3)转染原代培养大鼠肝细胞．用荧光显微镜观察和Neo基因原位杂交染色方法检测肝细胞内基因表达情况．结果：获取的原代大鼠肝细胞活细胞率达95％,荧光显微镜下观察可见转染基因的细胞可发出绿色荧光,原位杂交显示有Neo基因的表达．结论：pEGFP-N3基因可转入大鼠肝细胞并获得表达,可用于标记原代培养的大鼠肝细胞,有利于研究肝细胞移植后移植的肝细胞在体内的分布及功能．     

乳猪肝细胞的生物学特性观察

目的 从细胞数量和细胞功能上探讨乳猪肝细胞用于生物人工肝的可行性.方法 采用RPMI1640培养液37 ℃培养分离的乳猪肝细胞,观察乳猪肝细胞生长和增殖特征,检测乳猪肝细胞白蛋白合成、尿素合成、氨清除量、细胞色素P450 (cytochrome P450,CYP)和葡萄糖醛酸基转移酶(UDP-glucuronyl transferases,UGT)活性.结果 在7 d的培养过程中,乳猪肝细胞呈典型的多角形,至少可增殖7倍以上,细胞生长曲线无明显潜伏期;乳猪肝细胞白蛋白和尿素合成量分别在130 ng·10-6cells·h-1和150 μmol·10-6cells·h-1以上,氨清除量和UGT活性在第3天较第1天显著下降(P＜0.05),其后基本维持稳定,CYP活性逐渐下降.结论 体外分离培养的乳猪肝细胞具有较强的增殖能力、合成功能和生物转化功能,能够为生物人工肝提供大量高活性的肝细胞.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.