2型糖尿病人群CDKN2A／B基因多态性与冠心病风险的相关性研究

目的观察T2DM人群细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶抑制基因2A／B（CDKN2A／B）基因多态性是否与冠心病风险相关,以早期筛查DM人群中冠心病的高危人群。方法对我院因胸痛症状行冠脉造影或冠脉CT检查的T2DM患者,根据冠脉造影或冠脉CT结果分为冠心病组及非冠心病组。冠心病组共220例,非冠心病组共89例。根据Hapmap数据库选取CDKN2A／B共7个单倍型标记的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）：CDKN2Ars2811708（G〉T）、rs3088440（A〉G）和rs3731239（C〉T）,CDKN2Brs3217986（A〉C）、rs1063192（C〉T）、rs2285327（A〉G）和rs3217992（A〉G）。对所有个体进行PCR扩增并通过RFLP或基因测序方法读取个体的基因型。结果在T2DM人群中,冠心病组中cDKN2Ars2811708的次要等位基因T频率（26．4％）显著高于非冠心病组（17．4％）（P〈0．05）,基因型分布在两组问存在显著性差异（P〈0．05）,G／T基因型携带者较G／G基因型携带者发生冠心病的风险显著增加（P（0．05）,在校正心血管其他风险因素（如性别、年龄、BMI、DM病程、高血压病病史、脂代谢异常病史、吸烟史）后,这种相关性仍然存在（P〈0．01）。结论T2DM人群中,CDKN2A／B基因单核苷酸多态性可能与冠心病的风险相关。     

PPAP2B基因单核苷酸多态性与冠心病的关联研究

目的研究PPAP2B基因单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点与中国汉族人冠心病(CHD)发病的相关性。方法共收集525例CHD患者和650例正常对照(NC),采用病例-对照关联研究的方法 ,选取PPAP2B基因的4个标签SNP,包括已有报道的rs17114036位点,采用单碱基延伸法(SNaPshot)进行基因分型,并分析其与冠心病的相关性。结果 PPAP2B基因4个标签SNP:rs6588635、rs17114036、rs2404715和rs17407790的基因型分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P>0.05)。其等位基因频率在CHD组与NC组间有显著差异(rs6588635P=0.00167、rs17114036P=0.00581、rs2404715P=0.0174、rs17407790P=0.00124)。通过单倍体型分析发现,这4个SNP位点处于同一个连锁不平衡区域,其中风险单倍体型TACC可以增加冠心病易感性0.73倍(P=0.0012),而保护型的单倍体型CGTT可降低冠心病的患病风险47%(P=0.0025)。结论 PPAP2B基因SNP位点与冠心病发病显著相关,其危险等位基因可增加冠心病的易感性。     

肿瘤抑制基因CDKN2与肺癌

肿瘤抑制基因ＣＤＫＮ２与肺癌温桂兰范希光饶纬华肿瘤抑制基因ＣＤＫＮ２也称ｐ１６ＩＮＫ４Ａ、ＭＴＳ１，自从１９９４年美国盐湖城Ｋａｍｂ和Ｋｏｌｎｉｃｋ报道以来，受到医学界广泛关注，已成为肿瘤分子生物学、分子遗传学等领域研究的热点。研究表明ＣＤＫＮ２基因...     

CDKN2基因在大肠癌组织表达中的临床意义

ＣＤＫＮ２基因在大肠癌组织表达中的临床意义薛佩莲胡家露王剑波ＣＤＫＮ２（ＭＴＳ１）是新近发现的多种肿瘤抑制基因，编码分子量１６０００的蛋白，简称ｐ１６。ＣＤＫＮ２（ｐ１６）与人多种肿瘤细胞系缺失、突变与肿瘤发生和发展相关。目前未见ｐ１６在原发大肠肿瘤...     

冠心病基因多态性研究进展

国内外研究显示,冠心病具有明显的遗传性,其中基因多态性是决定这种遗传性的重要因素.21世纪初,候选基因成为研究热点,但随着基因多态性研究技术的提升,全基因组分析逐渐占据重要地位,这种方法使冠心病全基因组相关性位点的研究成为可能.部分大样本的全基因组分析筛选出了重复性较高的重要多态性位点,结果的可重复性对于明确复合疾病中...     

乙醛脱氢酶2基因Glu487Lys多态性与冠心病相关性的研究

目的观察汉族人群中,乙醛脱氢酶2(ALDH2)基因Glu487Lys多态性与罹患冠心病危险性之间的关联。方法收集经冠脉造影检查明确诊断且冠脉狭窄≥50%的490名冠心病患者(冠心病组)及明确排除的433名非冠心病患者(对照组),共923例纳入本项研究。ALDH2的Glu487Lys基因多态性由TaqManPCR技术测得,比较ALDH2各基因型在冠心病组与对照组的分布,并根据冠心病危险因素,对该研究进行了亚组分析。结果在所有研究对象中,ALDH2各基因型在冠心病组和对照组分布差异无统计学意义(P=0.22)。但亚组分析显示,在无饮酒史,无吸烟史,无高血压史,BMI<25(kg/m2)4个亚组中,ALDH2各基因型的分布在冠心病组和对照组中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 ALDH2基因多态性与中国人群罹患冠心病无显著关系,在单纯无饮酒史,无吸烟史,无高血压史或BMI正常的中国汉族人群中,ALDH2基因AA型与其罹患冠心病可能存在关联。     

乙醛脱氢酶2基因Glu487Lys多态性与冠心病相关的研究

目的 观察汉族人群中,乙醛脱氢酶2 (ALDH2)基因Glu487Lys多态性与罹患冠心病危险性之间的关联.方法 收集经冠脉造影检查明确诊断且冠脉狭窄> 50%的490名冠心病患者(冠心病组)及明确排除的433名非冠心病患者(对照组),共923例纳入本项研究.ALDH2的Glu487Lys基因多态性由TagManPCR技术测得,比较ALDH2各基因型在冠心病组与对照组的分布,并根据冠心病危险因素,对该研究进行了亚组分析.结果 在所有研究对象中,ALDH2各基因型在冠心病组和对照组分布差异无统计学意义(P=0.22).但亚组分析显示,在无饮酒史,无吸烟史,无高血压史,BMI<25 (kg/m2) 4个亚组中,ALDH12各基因型的分布在冠心病组和对照组中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 ALDH12基因多态性与中国人群罹患冠心病无显著关系,在单纯无饮酒史,无吸烟史,无高血压史或BMI正常的中国汉族人群中,ALDH2基因AA型与其罹患冠心病可能存在关联.     

中国2型糖尿病人群AMPKα2基因多态性与冠心病风险的相关性研究

目的研究我国T2DM人群AMPKα2基因多态性与冠心病（CAD）风险的相关性。方法以326例T2DM患者为研究对象,其中180例伴有CAD（cAD＋组）,146例不伴CAD（CAD-组）。应用聚合酶链式反应-限制性内切酶片断长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）技术或基因测序方法,研究AMPKα2基因8个单倍型标记单核苷酸多态性（tag-SNPs）与CAD风险的关系。结果（1）SNP rs11206887 GG基因型携带者较非携带者发生CAD的风险显著增加（OR=2．507,95％CI=1．244-5．053,P=0．010）,校正年龄、性别、BMI、吸烟、糖尿病病程后仍存在统计学差异（OR′=2．469,95％CI′=1．182～5．157,P′=0．016）。（2）SNP rs2143749 GG基因型携带者较非携带者发生CAD的风险增高（OR=1．680,95％CI=1．029-2．741,P=0．038）。（3）SNP rs2746347 TT基因型携带者较非携带者发生CAD的风险有增高趋势（OR=2．875,95％CI=1．034-7．996,P=0．043,校正OR′=1．715,95％CI′=1．016-2．895,P′=0．044）。（4）SNPrs2143749和SNP rs11206887 GG／GG基因型组合携带者较非携带者发生CAD的风险增高（P=0．014）。结论我国T2DM患者AMPK α2 SNPs与CAD的发病风险可能相关。     

脂联素基因SNP+276G/T单核苷酸多态性与冠心病的相关性研究

目的探讨上海汉族人群中脂联素基因多态性分布情况，研究基因多态性与冠心病的相关性。方法采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR—RFLP）方法，以100例健康者为对照组，100例冠脉造影证实为冠心病的非糖尿病患者为冠心病组，研究脂联素基因单核苷酸多态性（SNP276G／T）与冠心病的相关性。结果冠心病组G／G基因型频率明显高于对照组，分别为29％和16％（P〈0．05），冠心病组G等位基因频率为45％，对照组为16％，冠心病组明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）；T等位基因频率冠心病组明显低于正常对照组，分别为55％和84％（P〈0．05）。相对于T／T基因型，G／G基因型修正后的OR值为3．93（P〈0．05），G／G＋G／T基因型的修正后的OR值为2．41。结论脂联素SNP＋276G／T各种基因型和冠心病的发病密切相关，G／G基因型很可能是冠心病的易感基因型。     

ANRIL基因多态性与冠心病患者QT间期延长的关联研究

目的 探讨冠心病人长非编码RNA ANRIL tag SNPs与QT间期的关系.方法 对628例冠心病患者进行临床检测,记录标准12导联心电图,计算校正的QT间期(QTc);QTc男性<450 ms、女性<460 ms设为对照组,QTc男性≥450 ms、女性≥460 ms设为延长组.采用Fluidigm芯片(192....     

The association of opium with coronary artery disease.

BACKGROUND: The effects of opium consumption on coronary artery disease are still unknown. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 2405 patients admitted to the Angiographic Ward at Tehran Heart Center from 7 May 2005 to 13 August 2005. RESULTS: After adjusting for conventional cardiovascular risk factors, opium consumption was a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease (P=0.01 and odds ratio=1.8). Moreover, the amount of opium consumption was associated significantly with the severity of coronary atherosclerosis, as measured by clinical vessel score (r=0.2, P=0.002). CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first time that the adverse effects of opium consumption on coronary arteries was defined.     

The differential effects of age on the association of KLOTHO gene polymorphisms with coronary artery disease

The Klotho knockout mouse is thought to be a good animal model for human aging. Recent studies have reported on the association of KLOTHO gene mutation with cardiovascular disease in humans. We observed the frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms, that is, G-395A in the promoter region, C1818T in exon 4, and a functional variant, KL-VS, of KLOTHO gene in Koreans, and we investigated their relationships with the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients who had undergone coronary angiograms. A total of 274 subjects who underwent coronary angiograms because of chest pain were enrolled, and their blood pressure, body mass index, fasting blood glucose level, and lipid profiles were measured. Genotypings were performed on samples of their blood with real-time polymerase chain reaction. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms, G-395A and C1818T, complied with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. For the KL-VS genotype, 1 homozygote subject for the adverse allele was detected among the entire population (GG for F352V and CC for C370S). When the subjects were classified into 4 groups according to the number of stenotic vessels, there were no differences among the mean values of the cardiovascular risk factors, except for age and the fasting blood glucose levels, which showed a significant difference between that of the normal and the diseased vessel groups. There were no differences in the prevalence of CAD according to the genotypes of the G-395A polymorphism; however, for the C1818T polymorphism, those subjects with the T allele showed a lower prevalence of CAD than those with the CC genotype. When the subjects were divided into 2 groups according to age, in the group younger than 60 years, T allele carriers of the C1818T polymorphism showed a lower prevalence of CAD than did the noncarriers. In the group older than 60 years, A allele carriers of the G-395A polymorphism showed a lower prevalence of CAD than did the noncarriers. On the haplotype analysis, the GG-CC haplotype showed an increased risk for CAD with an odds ratio of 2.594 (95% confidence interval, 1.385-4.858; P = 0.003). Differential effects of age were observed in the association of KLOTHO G-395A and C1818T polymorphisms with CAD in Koreans. The KL-VS variant seems to be rarely found in the Korean population. These results infer the possibility of the KLOTHO gene being a candidate gene of atherosclerosis in humans, and further research on this topic needs to be done.     

The association of homocysteine and coronary artery disease

Hyperhomocysteinemia has been associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction by a number of prospective case-control studies. A variety of genetic mutations, nutritional deficiencies, disease states, and drugs can elevate homocysteine concentrations. Treatment with folic acid with or without B-complex vitamins effectively lowers homocysteine levels. Whether therapy corresponds with decreased risk of coronary events is unknown, but may be promising. This article reviews the biochemistry of homocysteine metabolism, pathogeneisis, and etiology of hyperhomocysteinemia, along with its association with coronary artery disease, screening, and treatment.     

Family-based association studies of lipid gene polymorphisms in coronary artery disease

Dysfunction of lipid-metabolizing proteins is implicated in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes that encode sterol regulatory binding protein-1a, adenosine triphosphate binding cassette-A1, hepatic lipase, lipoprotein lipase, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein were assessed as potential markers of disease susceptibility in a family-based study of 1,012 patients from 386 families. Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms and coronary artery disease was tested by the combined transmission disequilibrium test/sib transmission disequilibrium test and pedigree disequilibrium test. After Bonferroni's correction, the pedigree disequilibrium test demonstrated significant excess transmission (p <0.0083) to affected patients of the hepatic lipase -514 T allele, which suggests that this may constitute a novel disease-susceptibility locus.     

新疆维吾尔族人群9p21单核苷酸多态性与冠心病的关联性研究

目的研究染色体9p21上两个单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP）位点（rs2383206、rs10757274）在新疆维吾尔族人群中的分布,探讨其与冠心病（coronary heart disease,CHD）的关联性。方法采用病例对照研究,选择172例冠状动脉造影证实的CHD患者和147例患者为对照组作为研究对象,应用LDR—PCR技术对rs2383206、rsl0757274位点进行SNP分型及分析。结果rs2383206GG基因型频率在冠心病组和对照组分别为34．9％和24．4％,G等位基因频率分别为58．1％和49．3％;两组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;rsl0757274GG基因型频率在冠心病组和对照组分别为32．O％和21．8％,G等位基因频率分别为54．9％和46．6％;两组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。调整相关因素后,多因素Logistic回归分析,结果提示两个SNP的GG基因型仍是CHD的危险基因型,rs2383206的OR值为1．91,95％CI（1．03～3．53）,rsl0757274的OR值为2．03,95％CI（1．08～3．80）,P值均〈0．05。结论9p21位点rs2383206、rsl0757274的多态性与维吾尔族族人CHD有关联。     

The association between extracoronary calcification and coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Cardiovascular complications are the major cause of diabetes-associated morbidity and mortality. However, not all patients with diabetes are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Coronary artery calcification was found to be a powerful predictor of coronary artery disease (CAD). The presence of extracoronary cardiac calcification as a useful predictor of CAD is not yet established, especially in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between extracoronary calcification and extent of CAD in a group of T2DM patients who were scheduled for computed tomographic coronary angiography (CTCA). We prospectively studied 380 patients (151 had T2DM) under the age of 60 years who were scheduled for CTCA because of suspected CAD. Severity of CAD was assessed by Gensini score. Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) as well as calcium score in the aortic valve, mitral annulus, ascending aorta, and descending aorta were measured by a 256-row multidetector computed tomography scanner with dedicated software for calcium calculation. Patients with known CAD were excluded. Diabetic and nondiabetic patients had comparable age and gender distribution. However, the diabetic group had higher Gensini score, CACS, and extracoronary calcium score (ECCS). Logistic regression analyses identified male gender and ECCS as significant predictors for the presence of CAD in diabetic patients. Age, smoking, and ECCS were the significant predictors of CAD in nondiabetic patients. Type 2 diabetic patients had increased coronary and extracoronary calcification. ECCS was found to be a significant predictor of CAD in diabetic and nondiabetic patients only when CACS was not taken into account.     

The association of lower testosterone level with coronary artery disease in postmenopausal women

OBJECTIVE: Testosterone (T) is assumed to be a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, recent studies have demonstrated a beneficial effect of T on myocardial ischaemia in men with CAD. To assess the potential role of T in CAD in postmenopausal women we investigated the association between T level and CAD and relationship between T and other CAD metabolic risk factors. RESULTS: Within the 12-month study period, 108 consecutive, postmenopausal women (age 62+/-7 years) referred for diagnostic coronary angiography were prospectively included in the study. In all patients serum level of T, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), total cholesterol (T-chol), LDL-chol, HDL-chol, triglycerides (TG), apolipoproteins A(1) and B (apo A(1), apo B), lipoprotein a [Lp(a)], and C reactive protein were measured. Testosterone free index (TFI) was calculated as Tx100/SHBG. CAD was documented in 51 (47%) patients (CAD+). Women with CAD had decreased T level and lower TFI (T: 0.99+/-0.4 vs. 1.41+/-0.7 nmol/l, P=0.005; TFI: 3.2+/-1.4 vs. 4.2+/-2.2, P=0.04, CAD+ vs. CAD-, respectively). No difference in SHBG was found between the two groups. In 16 women (six CAD+, 10 CAD-) who were on hormonal replacement therapy (HRT+) we observed significantly elevated T level and TFI (T: 1.62+/-0.5 vs. 1.15+/-0.7 nmol/l; TFI: 5.0+/-2.2 vs. 3.5+/-1.8, HRT+ vs. HRT-, respectively, P<0.05). When these women were excluded from the analysis, T level remained decreased in CAD+ group (0.96+/-0.4 vs. 1.22+/-0.5 nmol/l, CAD+ vs. CAD- respectively, P<0.02). CAD+ group had an unfavourable profile of metabolic CAD risk factors as evidenced by elevated T-chol, LDL-chol, Lp(a), apoB, and decreased apoA(1) (P<0.05 vs. CAD- in all comparisons). Neither T nor TFI correlated with CAD metabolic risk factors (r<0.2, P>0.1 for all correlations), apart from an inverse correlation between T and Lp(a) (r=-0.24, P=0.04). CONCLUSION: In postmenopausal women decreased T level is associated with CAD independently of the other CAD metabolic risk factors. Hormonal replacement therapy tends to increase T level which may further support the beneficial role of HRT in postmenopausal women.