噪声对飞行员畸变产物耳声发射的影响

目的：了解噪声对飞行员畸变产物耳声发射（ＤＰＯＡＥ）的影响及其与纯音听阈的关系。方法：飞行员６６名（１２９耳）,健康青年４０名（８０耳）,采用ＧＳＩ－１６纯年务计和ＧＳＩ－６０耳声发射测试仪分别测试纯音叶阈和ＤＰＯＡＥ,刺激声强度Ｌ１＝Ｌ２＝７０ｄＢ（ＳＰＬ）,ｆ２／ｆ１＝１．２,设定取２ｆ１－ｆ２共８个的ＤＰＯＡＥ幅值。     

纳洛酮治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的临床观察

目的：观察纳洛酮对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（ＨＩＥ）的临床疗效。方法：将３２例ＨＩＥ患儿随机分为纳洛酮治疗组（１７例）和对照组（１５例）,并行ＣＴ,ＥＥＧ和临床分度,分别给予纳洛酮０．１ｍｇ．ｋｇ＾－１,ｄ＾－１治疗１周和一般常规治疗。结果：两组平均临床症状消失时间有非常显著差异（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＥＥＧ好转率也有显著差异（Ｐ〈０．０５）。结论：纳洛酮对ＨＩＥ的疗铲明显高于一般常规治疗,中、重度ＨＩＥ的     

ARRAY 360型全自动特定蛋白分析仪试剂的配制

美国 ＢＥＣＫＭＡＮ公司生产的 ＡＲＲＡＹ ３６０型全自动特定蛋白分析仪,是采用速率散射测浊法,在抗体过量的前提下测定抗原浓度的仪器。由于该测定所需的试剂相当昂贵,测试成本高。为此,１９９８年我科自行研制了用量较大的缓冲液和稀释液,经实验检测,效果满意。１试剂配制方法１．１稀释 ＫＨ_２ＰＯ_４ ０． ０２９ ｍｏｌ, Ｎ８２ＨＰＯ_４ ０．０３８ｍｏｌ,ＮａＣｌＯ．０７３ ｍｏｌ,ＮａＮ_３ ０．０１５ ｍｏｌ,充分溶解,加蒸馏水至１Ｌ。１．２缓冲液　选择聚乙二醇６０００作为离子增加剂。称取聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ …     

激光心肌血管重建术治疗心肌缺血后左室形态和功能表现

作者采用钕钇铝石榴石（Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ）激光直接心肌血管重建术观察对左室形态学和功能学的远期影响。１２只犬完全随机分力实验组（ＥＧ）和对照组（ＣＧ）。左室造影显示：ＥＧ的左室整体和局部射血分数（ＴＥＦ，ＡＥＦ）和左室短轴径缩短率（△Ｄ）均高于ＣＧ（Ｐ＜０．０５）：ＥＧ有２只犬显示左室前壁运动减弱，ＣＧ全部大显示左室前壁室壁瘤形成：左室舒张终末压（ＬＶＥＤＰ）在ＥＧ为－０．０６±０．８６ｋＰａ（１ｋＰａ＝７．５ｍｍＨｇ）．在ＣＧ为０．３６±０．７３ｋＰａ（Ｐ＞０．０５）。ＳＰＥＣＴ显示：ＣＧ全部犬发生透壁性心肌梗塞，ＥＧ仅１只犬发生心内膜下心肌埂塞（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：左室造影和ＳＰＥＣＴ可用于检测心肌血管重建术后的效果；Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光用于直接心肌血管重建术是一种有效可行的方法。     

长效重组人超氧化物歧化酶的研制及其辐射防护作用研究

选用无毒、无免疫原性的高分子化合物聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）为修饰剂，以活性酯法制备出ＰＥＧ－重组人超氧化物歧化酶（ＰＥＧ－ｒｈＳＯＤ）共价结合物。修饰酶的生物半衰期为１５ｈ，比修饰前延长了９０倍，对酸、硷、热的耐受力明显高于修饰前。用照射小鼠活存率评价了ＰＥＧ－ｒｈＳＯＤ的辐射防护作用。小鼠受８．５Ｇｖｒ射线照射前１ｈ腹腔注射３０万Ｕ／ｋｇＰＥＧ－ｒｈＳＯＤ，可提高活存率４２％，与未修饰的ｒｈＳＯＤ相比，活存率提高１４％。     

喉癌Nd:YAG激光微创治疗及其对SIL-2R,IL-2和NK的影响

目的 探讨应用Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光,经纤维喉镜微创治疗喉原位癌（Ｔｉｓ）和Ｔ１期声门癌的疗效及其对机体细胞免疫功能的影响。方法 选择３４例Ｔｉｓ和Ｔ１期声带癌患者接受表面麻醉,Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光经纤维喉镜引导,对喉肿瘤进行汽化发割治疗。治疗前后应用双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ、＾３ＨＴｄＲ掺入法和＾１２５Ⅰ－ＵｄＲ释放法检测患者外周血可溶性白细胞介素－２受体（ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ）,白细胞分素－２（ＩＬ－２）水平和自然杀伤细胞（ＮＫ）活性。结果 ３４例Ｔｉｓ和Ｔ１期声门癌患者中３３例存活。已随访３～７年者２７例,４例复发,治愈率８５．２％。治疗后嗓音功能均有不同程度的恢复,７４．１％患者恢复到接近正常;ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ水平明显下降（Ｐ〈０．００１）,而ＩＬ－２水平和ＮＫ活性明显上升（Ｐ〈０．００１）。结论 表面麻醉经纤维喉镜Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ     

ELISA法检测人血清晚期糖基化终产物及在血液透析病人的应用

用牛血清ＡＧＥ（ＢＳＡ－ＡＧＥ）作为包被抗原，采用对氧化糖基化产物－Ｎ＾ε羧甲基赖氨酸（ＣＭＬ）特异的抗体（抗ＫＬＨ－ＡＧＥ）作为检测抗体，建立竞争ＥＬＩＳＡ检测系统。将该法和荧光分光光度法所测ＡＧＥ水平进行比较，并对１１７例长期血液透析（ＨＤ）病人的血清ＡＧＥ水平进行定量观察。结果显示：ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测血清ＡＧＥ的最低检测限为０．１μｇ／ｎｌ，平均批内变异系数（ＣＶ）为２．２％，批间ＣＶ为９．０％，回收率为９７％～１０７％。用该法 １１７例血透病人血清ＡＧＥ水平中位数为０．５μｇ／ｍｌ，而年龄匹配的正常人中仅有９．４％的血清ＡＧＥ含量〉０．１μｇ／ｍｌ。同时用ＥＬＩＳＡ法和荧光分光光度法检测４４例病人血清ＡＧＥ，两处方法所得结果相关非常显著（Ｐ〈０．０１）。上述结果表明，竞争ＥＬＩＥＡ法测定人血清ＡＧＥ水平，     

戊型肝炎病毒血凝活性及其应用

戊型肝炎病毒（ＨＥＶ）具有血凝活性。ＨＥＶ８７Ａ株和ＨＥＶＧ９３－１，Ｇ９３－２，Ｇ９３３，Ｇ９３－４株能凝集人“Ｏ”型红细胞，滴度达１：３２－１：１２８，但不订豚鼠和鸡的红细胞。将稀释液ＰＨ７．４ＰＢＳ与ＰＨ５．８ＰＢＳ进行比较，前者适合，后者则不适合。在建立戊型肝炎病毒的血凝试验（ＨＡ）和血凝抑制试验（ＨＩ）后，应用于８７Ａ株病毒的浮力密度测定和实验感染猴抗体测定中，结果令人满意。本研究戊型肝     

低强度He-Ne激光鼻腔照射对家兔脑电图的影响

目的 观察低强度Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光照射家兔鼻腔对其脑电活动的影响。方法 １６只家兔随机分为照射组和对照组。照射组家兔用功率１．５ｍＷ的Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光（波长６３２．８ｎｍ）照射鼻腔,每天１次,每次２０ｍｉｎ,连续５天,照射前和照射结束后第１、７分别记录脑电图（ＥＥＧ）。对照组作假照射,同样描记ＥＥＧ。结果 照射组：照射结束后第１天,ＥＥＧ主频率（额区和枕区）比照射前移向较低频带,最大功率值则显著增加（额区（Ｐ〈０．０５,枕区Ｐ〈０．０１）;绝对功率值分析,δ波比照射前增加（Ｐ〈０．０１）,β和α３波则降低（均Ｐ〈０．０５）。照射结束后第７天,ＥＥＧ主频率（额区和枕区）均由照射结束后第１天的低位高移,最大功率值也降至照射前水平;绝对功率值分析,δ波经照射结束后第１天降低（Ｐ〈０．０５）,θ波比照射前降低（Ｐ〈０．０５）     

ApoE基因敲除鼠12周游泳运动前后纤溶激活功能的改变

目的：探讨ＡｐｏＥ在长期有氧运动中影响纤溶激活作用中的有关机制。方法：以ＡｐｏＥ基因敲除（ＡｐｏＥ－／－）鼠为实验组、以相同遗传背景的Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６Ｊ鼠为对照组建立运动模型。结果：１２周游泳后，对照组鼠ＴＧ（０．９６±０．３０ｖｓ０．５４±０．０７０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｐ＜０．０１）和ＰＡＩ（０．９２±０．０７ｖｓ０．８０±０．０９ＡＵ／ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０．０５）降低，ｔＰＡ升高（０．６０±０．１２ｖｓ１．０４±０．２３ＩＵ／ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０．０１）；而ＡｐｏＥ－／－鼠的ＴＧ（１．２８±０．３４ｖｓ１．２９±０．３２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｐ＞０．０５）和ＰＡＩ（０．７４±０．１０ｖｓ０．７９±０．０４ＡＵ／ｍｌ，Ｐ＞０．０５）均没有显著变化，ｔＰＡ（０．７１±０．１５ｖｓ０．９７±０．１７ＩＵ／ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０．０１）升高。结论：长期有氧运动使对照小鼠纤溶激活作用明显改善，其机制与ＴＧ和含ＡｐｏＥ脂蛋白水平降低导致ＬＲＰ清除ｔＰＡ－ＰＡＩ作用加强、ＰＡＩ抑制作用减弱及ｔＰＡ合成水平增加有关。Ａｐ ｏＥ－／－鼠运动后，ＰＡＩ水平稳定而ｔＰＡ活性增加，提示ｔＰＡ合成作用增强。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.