癫痫、抗癫痫药与男性病人性激素的相互关系

Objective To explore the relationship between antiepileptic drugs(AED)and hormones of male epilep-tics.Methods:Comparison of 13 male epileptics before and after taking AED.Radioimmunoassay was taken totest total testosterone(TT),follicli-stimulation hormone(FSH),luteinising hormone(LH),prolactin(PRL),percentage of free testosterone(FT%),free testosterone(FTpmol/1),sex hormone binding globulin(SHBG).Result:After the treatment,TT,FT(pmol/1 were increased significantly,PRL was decreased definitely.LH、FSH、FT%、SHBG were of no significant differences.Conclusion:AED had some effects on the hormones of thepatients and epilepsy had no direct relationship with the sex hormones of the patients.     

武警总医院呼吸科2007年抗菌药物利用分析

目的了解武警总医院呼吸科2007年抗菌药物应用情况。方法随机抽查呼吸科住院患者病历476份，调查分析其抗菌药物使用情况。结果抗菌药物使用率为87．8％，应用最多的是喹诺酮类、头孢菌素类，常用的联用方式为盐酸左氧氟沙星注射液＋青霉素类。结论呼吸科抗菌药物使用基本遵循安全、有效原则，武警总医院呼吸科药物应用基本合理，但存在联合用药使用不当现象，应加强合理用药。     

What's new in the treatment of atopic dermatitis?

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a pruritic, chronic and inflammatory skin disease, with an usual onset in the pediatric age. Several drugs are used in the treatment of this skin disease. Drugs as steroid, calcineurin inhibitors, and moisturizing creams are widely used in the treatment of this disease but often patients are not satisfied with the obtained results. New drugs like dupilumab or crisaborole seem to be a promising option for moderate and severe forms of AD. This article analyzes the newest therapy available today for the treatment of AD.     

抗菌药物致药疹22例

本文报道抗菌药物致药疹22例,其中40岁以上者12例;p内酰胺类抗生素药疹18例;药疹类型以发疹型(6例)和多形红斑型(6例)为主。     

Fixed drug eruptions: a study of epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic aspects of 89 cases from India

Fixed drug eruption incidence was 0.3% of outpatients. It affected individuals of both sexes in their 3rd and 4th decades, with a preponderance of males. Literary index and occupation were inconsequential. High index of suspicion for an etiologic drug was cardinal and was invariably supported by history. The clinical features of FDE were characteristic; it affected the upper and lower extremities, trunk, and lower lips. The diagnosis was confirmed by provocation test in 86 and cross-sensitivity in 11 patients. Analgesics and chemotherapeutic agents were primarily responsible for FDE in this population.     

Impact of donor-specific antibodies on the outcomes of kidney graft: Pathophysiology,clinical, therapy

Allo-antibodies, particularly when donor specific, are one of the most important factors that cause both early and late graft dysfunction. The authors review the current state of the art concerning this important issue in renal transplantation. Many antibodies have been recognized as mediators of renal injury. In particular donorspecific-Human Leukocyte Antigens antibodies appear to play a major role. New techniques, such as solid phase techniques and Luminex, have revealed these antibodies from patient sera. Other new techniques have uncovered alloantibodies and signs of complement activation in renal biopsy specimens. It has been acknowledged that the old concept of chronic renal injury caused by calcineurine inhibitors toxicity should be replaced in many cases by alloantibodies acting against the graft. In addition, the number of patients on waiting lists with preformed anti-human leukocyte antigens(HLA) antibodies is increasing, primarily from patients with a history of renal transplant failure already been sensitized. We should distinguish early and late acute antibody-mediated rejection from chronic antibody-mediated rejection. The latter often manifets late during the course of the posttransplant period and may be difficult to recognize if specific techniques are not applied. Different therapeutic strategies are used to control antibody-induced damage.These strategies may be applied prior to transplantation or, in the case of acute antibody-mediated rejection, after transplantation. Many new drugs are appearing at the horizon; however, these drugs are far from the clinic because they are in phase Ⅰ-Ⅱ of clinical trials. Thus the pipeline for the near future appears almost empty.     

中药“白癜汤”治疗白癜风疗效观察

以“白癜汤”治疗白癜风40例。一个月服药10剂为一个疗程。共服12个疗程(一年)。结果是:全愈者10例(25％),显效者20例(50％),有效者9例(22.5％),无效者1例(2.5％),有效率为97.5％。其疗效是比较令人满意的。其疗效的获得,可能是由于该汤剂中的药物具有增强细胞免疫功能和含有多种微量元素如铜、锌等。本汤剂无毒、副作用,也未引起过敏反应。     

微透析技术在皮肤药代动力学研究中的应用进展

经皮微透析是一种独特的在体取样技术,可测定真皮及皮下组织中游离药物浓度,是获得以真皮为作用靶位的药物实时动力学数据的首选方法.在局部皮肤屏障异常或存在皮损的情况下,进行药物经皮渗透性研究方面具有独特的优势.在过去的几十年里该技术发展迅速并被证明是一种用途广泛、安全、有效的皮肤外用制剂药代动力学与药效学研究工具.但该方法的重现性、探针植入与由此引起的组织损伤之间的确切关系,以及如何更简便地适用于脂溶性药物的研究等方面仍需深入研究.     

几类抗银屑病药物对白三烯B4诱导白细胞趋化的影响

目的 :　探讨几类抗银屑病药物对白三烯B4诱导白细胞趋化的影响。方法 :　采用琼脂糖平板法检测白三烯B4诱导的白细胞趋化。结果 :　地蒽酚、环孢素A、全反式维A酸、丙酸氯倍他索、红霉素和雷公藤内酯醇可抑制白三烯B4诱导的白细胞趋化 ,呈剂量依赖性 ,IC5 0值分别为 3.0 2 ,11.39,13.6 2 ,6 1.84 ,5 2 .2 5和 1.6 1× 10 - 4μg ml。卡泊三醇和甲氨蝶呤对白三烯B4诱导的白细胞趋化无影响。 结论 :　大部分抗银屑病药物可抑制白三烯B4诱导的WBC趋化 ,提示它们治疗银屑病的作用与其抗银屑病炎症密切相关。     

610例吸毒人群梅毒和HIV检测情况分析

目的：了解吸毒人群中的梅毒和HIV的感染情况，为政府提供制定防治对策的依据。方法：对610个吸毒者进行梅毒和HIV检测，梅毒初筛阳性者再做确证试验，HIV初筛阳性者重做一次检验仍是阳性者将其血清上送广东省疾病控制中心确认。结果：本次检测610份标本中发现梅毒阳性84份，占13．77％；HIV阳性2份，占0．32％。结论：吸毒人群是梅毒和HIV感染的高危人群，性病专业防治机构需与公安、司法部门加强合作，对吸毒者要加强梅毒和HIV的监测。     

Can we use psychoactive drugs to treat pruritus?

Pruritus is a frequent complaint both in dermatology and general medicine. This burdensome symptom has a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis, with the key involvement of central nervous system in its development. Psychoactive drugs (psychopharmaceuticals) encompass several therapeutic groups utilized mainly in psychiatry. However, these drugs are occasionally used in dermatological practice and may contribute to alleviation of pruritus in a variety of cutaneous and extracutaneous disorders. This review article summarizes the role of H1‐antihistamines, antidepressants, antipsychotics and antiepileptics in managing pruritus.     

小分子靶向药物在皮肤病领域的研究进展

小分子靶向药物作为新型药物,正处于治疗皮肤病临床试验研究前沿,包括Janus激酶(JAK)抑制剂,磷酸二酯酶(PDE)抑制剂和蛋白激酶C(PKC)抑制剂等。为进一步提高疗效,减少不良反应和治疗成本,阻断特异性细胞因子作用的小分子靶向药物逐步用于治疗部分难治性皮肤病。本文就小分子靶向药物在皮肤病领域中的研究进展进行综述。     

Skin changes in epilepsy

Aims To establish the skin changes found in epileptics, and to relate these changes to drug therapy. Background Skin changes in epileptics, although welt acknowledged, have been subjected to few recent large-scale surveys. Newer anti-epileptic drugs, in addition to the older therapies, including phenytoin, phenobarbitone and primidone, are now popular. In an effort to update our knowledge of skin changes in epileptics, a study of 200 patients in a long-term epilepsy hospital was performed. Methods The study included taking a history, recording drug therapy and examining the skin of 200 patients. Results Patients ranged in age from 21 to over 70. 60% were men and 40% women. Their epilepsy was mostly well controlled, varying in length from less than 10 to greater than 40 years. 57.5% had post traumatic scars. 32.5% had gum hypertrophy, only half having dental caries. Dupuytren's contracture occurred in 24.5%. Seborrheic dermatitis was seen in 15%. 12.5% had coarse facial features and 11.5% had acne. 57.5% of women had facial hirsutes. 17.5% of all patients had sacral hirsutes, which is an unique feature in this group of patients. These clinical findings were correlated with drugs taken at the time, the age of the patients and length of epilepsy. 52% were on carbamazepine, 48% on phenytoin and 42% on primidone or phenobarbitone, singly or in combination. Conclusions A number of skin conditions are more common among epileptics. Phenytoin and phenobarbitone are linked to gingival hypertrophy, palmar fibromatosis, hypertrichosis, coarse fades and acne. Carbamazepine, too, may be implicated in gum hypertrophy, palmar fibromatosis, hypertrichosis, more specifically sacral hirsutes, seborrheic dermatitis, acne and coarse facies.     

22种中草药有效成分抗真菌研究及新剂型应用

目的 进行２２种中草药有效成分抗真菌研究及利用葡苷聚糖的特性制备新剂型。方法 采用试管内药基法进行实验及电镜观察。结果 β－松油烯、松油烯－４醇、二氢姜黄酮，姜黄醇，桉叶醇，柠檬醛，丁香酚具有强抗真菌作用（ＭＩＣ １０￣０．００９μｇ／ｍＬ）。结论 中草药成分单抗真菌研究能更好地阐明抗真菌机理，葡苷聚糖可作为一种新型涂膜剂的重要原料，许多特性值得皮肤科医生加以利用。     

药物超敏综合征17例临床分析

目的：加深对药物超敏综合征的认识。方法：回顾分析17例药物超敏综合征患者的临床资料。结果：17例患者均以皮疹、发热为首发症状，于用药后2-6周发生；其中伴浅表淋巴结大者12例、肝细胞损害者16例、肺损害者2例、肾损害者1例、白细胞升高者13例、血嗜酸粒细胞增多者14例；可疑致病药物为：别嘌呤醇9例、卡马西平3例、氨苯砜(DDS)3例、解热镇痛药2例。结论：临床用药过程中，如出现高热、浅表淋巴结大、血细胞异常、嗜酸粒细胞明显增高、全身性皮疹、内脏损害者应高度警惕药物超敏综合征。