Changes of plasma beta-endorphin levels before and after percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy in patients with mitral stenosis.

To clarify the contribution of left atrial pressure to the secretion of beta-endorphin, we have investigated the relation between plasma beta endorphin levels and hemodynamic changes in 35 patients with mitral stenosis undergoing percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC). Before PTMC, plasma beta-endorphin levels obtained from the antecubital vein (28.91 ± 5.59 pg / ml) and from the femoral vein (28.20 ± 5.44 pg / ml) in the patients with mitral stenosis were significantly higher than those obtained from the antecubital vein in the healthy volunteers (22.59 ± 3.86 pg / ml, n = 34, P< 0.001 for each). The levels of beta-endorphin in the femoral vein correlated well with the mean left atrial pressure (r=0.777, P< 0.001) and the mean right atrial pressure (r = 0.450, P<0.01) before the procedure. The antecubital venous levels of beta-endorphin in patients in New York Heart Association functional Classess Ⅱ (26.45 ± 5.39 pg / ml, n = 20) and Ⅲ (32.20 ± 4.02 pg / ml, n = 15) were significan     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Plasma SCF/c-kit Levels in Patients with Dipper and Non-Dipper Hypertension

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between peripheral plasma stem cell factor (SCF)/c-kit levels and the types of dipper and non-dipper hypertension in hypertensive patients. Methods This cross-sectional study included newly diagnosed hypertensive patients who underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitor (ABPM) between January 2009 and 2012 in Jiangning city. Patients were divided into the dipper group and the non-dipper group according to ABPM measurements. The levels of SCF and its receptor c-kit, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in peripheral blood were measuredvia enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The serum levels of glucose and lipid were examined as well. The levels of SCF/c-kit were compared between the dippers and the non-dippers; and their correlation with 24-hour mean systolic blood pressure (MSBP), 24-hour mean diastolic blood pressure (MDBP), TNF-α and IL-6 were investigated using linear regression analyses statistically. Results A total of 247 patients with newly diagnosed hypertension were recruited into the study, including 116 non-dippers and 131 dippers. The levels of peripheral plasma SCF were higher in non-dipper group (907.1±52.7ng/L vs. 778.7±44.6 ng/L;t=2.837,P<0.01), and the levels of c-kit were higher in non-dipper group too (13.2±1.7μg/Lvs 9.57±1.4μg/L; t=2.831,P<0.01). Linear regression analysis revealed that SCF/c-kit levels were significantly positively correlated with MSBP, MDBP, plasma TNF-α, and IL-6 levels (allP<0.01). Conclusions Peripheral plasma SCF/c-kit levels are higher in patients with non-dipper hypertension than those with dipper one, and significantly correlate with 24-hour MSBP, 24-hour MDBP, serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels.     

慢性肺源性心脏病患者血浆CGRP和SP水平的测定

目的 探讨血浆降钙素基因相关肽(calcitonin gene-related peptide,CGRP)和P物质(substance P, SP)在慢性肺源性心脏病(肺心病)发生发展中的病理生理作用.方法 采用放射免疫分析法测定30例肺心病组急性发作期和治疗后缓解期及20例正常对照组血浆CGRP和SP 浓度.肺心病组同时检测动脉氧分压(PaO2).结果 血浆CGRP水平肺心病组急性发作期(12±5)pg/ml和治疗后缓解期(19±7)pg/ml均低于正常对照组(24±5)pg/ml,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).急性发作期血浆CGRP水平低于治疗后缓解期,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).肺心病组急性发作期血浆SP 水平(39±12)pg/ml显著低于治疗后缓解期(46±11)pg/ml和正常对照组(45±8)pg/ml(P<0.01或P<0.05).治疗后缓解期和正常对照组血浆SP水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).PaO2急性发作期和治疗后缓解期分别为(6.3±2.0)kPa、(9.5±1.6)kPa,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 慢性缺氧与血浆CGRP、SP水平下降有关,尤其是CGRP,缺氧时两者的变化共同促进了肺动脉高压的形成,在慢性肺源性心脏病发生发展中起重要作用. Abstract： Objective To evaluate the pathophysiological role of calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) and substance P(SP) in patients with chronic cor pulmonale. Methods The levels of plasma CGRP and SP were determined by radioimmunoassay in 30 patients with chronic cor pulmonale before and after treatment, and their mean pulmonary aterial pressure(PaO2) were detected. Control group consisted of 20 healthy subjects and the levels of plasma CGRP and cor pulmonale group, plasma CGRP levels before treatment(12±5 pg/ml)were lower than those after treatment(19±7)pg/ml(P<0.01). Both of them were lower than those in control group(24±5)pg/ml(P<0.01). Plasma SP levels before treatment(39±12)pg/ml were significantly lower than those after treatment(46±11)pg/ml (P<0.01), and control group(45±8)pg/ml(P<0.05), and there after treatment in chronic cor pulmonale group, PaO2 were (6.3±2.0)kPa and (9.5±1.6)kPa respectively, the former was significantly lower than the latter(P<0.01). Conclusions This study suggests that hypoxia has a statistical relationship with the decrease of plasma CGRP and SP levels in patients with chronic cor pulmonale, particularly with CGRP, and the decrease of plasma CGRP and SP levels may contribute to the development of hypoxia pulmonary hypertension and play an important part in the pathophysiological changes of chronic cor pulmonale.     

COGNITIVE AND EMOTIONAL IMPAIRMENT IN OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME

Objective To evaluate the emotional and cognitive status in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS),using neuropsychological tests and evoked-related potential (P3).Methods Sixteen patients diagnosed of OSAS were tested by Hamilton rating scale for anxiety (HRSA) and Hamilton rating scale for depression (HRSD). Other three groups, OSAS patient group (n = 21), snoring group (n = 21), and control group (n = 21), were administered polysomnography (PSG), auditory evoked event-related potential (P3), and clinic memory test. The results were analyzed using general linear model (GLM) analysis and Post Hoc test.Results Twelve OSAS patients' scores of HRSA and HRSD were beyond the normal range, 26.42 ± 4.48 and 22.08 ±3.97 respectively. The auditory P3 latency in OSAS group was 363.1 ± 22.9 ms (Fz), 368.57 ± 28.03 ms (Cz), in snoring group 336.57 ± 31.08 ms (Fz), 339.81 ± 31.76 ms (Cz), in control group 340.8 ± 28.7 ms (Fz), 338.29 ± 29.21 ms (Cz).There were significant differences between OSAS group and snoring group, as well as control group (P ＜ 0.05). No significant difference was seen between snoring group and control group. No significant difference was noted in P3 amplitude among three groups. Memory quotient (MQ) reduced in snoring group compared with control group.Conclusions Emotional disturbances are common clinical features in OSAS patients. Abnormal auditory P3 latency indicates the cognitive dysfunction in OSAS patients. Nocturnal hypoxaemia may play an important role on it. Snorers should be monitored because of the tendency to develop cognitive impairment.     

The relationship between serum amyloid A and apolipoprotein A-I in high-density lipoprotein isolated from patients with coronary heart disease

Background Alteration in the protein composition of high-density lipoprotein （HDL） has been proposed as a mechanism for the development of coronary heart disease （CHD）.In HDL,an increase in serum amyloid A protein （SAA） accompanying the decrease in apolipoprotein A-I （apoA-I） has been found during the acute inflammation period.However,whether this phenomenon persists in CHD patients,a disease related to inflammation,is unknown.The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship between SAA and apoA-I in HDL isolated from CHD patients.Methods Overall,98 patients with confirmed stable CHD and 90 control subjects matched for age and gender were enrolled in this case-control study.Potassium bromide （KBr） density gradient ultracentrifugation was used to isolate HDL from plasma.The levels of SAA and apoA-I in the HDL samples were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.Pearson＇s correlation and general linear models were used in the analysis.Results Compared with controls,patients with CHD had a significant decrease in the amount of apoA-I （（14.21±8.44） μg/ml vs.（10.95±5.95） μg/ml,P =0.003） in HDL and a significant increase in the amount of log SAA （1.21±0.46 vs.1.51±0.55,P 〈0.00001）.Differences were independent of age,body mass index （BMI）,HDL cholesterol （HDL-C）,and other factors.An independently and statistically significant positive correlation between log SAA and apoA-I in HDL was observed only in the CHD group （β =2.0,P =0.026）.In the general linear model,changes in Iog（SAA）,age,age2,gender,BMI and HDL-C could explain a statistically significant 43% of the variance in apoA-I.Conclusions This study provides direct evidence for the first time that there was an independent positive correlation between log SAA and apoA-I in the HDL of CHD patients,indicating the alteration of protein composition in HDL.However,the question of whether this alteration in HDL is associated with impairment of HDL functions requires further research.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者血清淀粉样蛋白A水平的研究

目的:探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)患者中与常见心脑并发症可能相关的血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)水平的变化.方法:根据睡眠期多导睡眠监测中的呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)结果,将62例仅患OSAS的患者分为轻度OSAS组(n=16),中度OSAS组(n=18)和重度OSAS组(n=18).另选18例健康者作为对照组.以SAA特异性单克隆ELISA法测定和比较各组间上午6:00时的SAA浓度.此外,对OSAS患者作SAA分别与睡眠期AHI和最低脉氧饱和度(miniSpO2)的相关性分析.结果:与正常对照组SAA浓度(9.19±3.87 μg/ml)相比,轻度OSAS组即明显增高(13.49±3.08 μg/ml,P＜0.05),中度及重度OSAS组增高非常显著(18.73±5.29 μg/ml和38.56±10.11 μg/ml,均为P＜0.01).且OSAS各组间均相差显著,SAA浓度随OSAS程度加重而增高.相关性分析显示OSAS患者SAA浓度与呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)间呈显著正相关(r=0.796,P＜0.001),与miniSpO2之间呈显著负相关(r=-0.631,P＜0.001).结论:OSAS患者SAA浓度显著增高且与OSAS的严重程度相关.SAA浓度升高可能与OSAS患者心血管和神经元功能异常的高危状态有关.     

EFFECTS OF GLIBENCLAMIDE, GLIMEPIRIDE, AND GLICLAZIDE ON ISCHEMIC PRECONDITIONING IN RAT HEART

Objective To compare the influence of different sulfonylureas on the myocardial protection effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) in isolated rat hearts, and ATP-sensitive potassium channel current (IKATP) of rat ventricular myocytes. Methods Isolated Langendorff perfused rat hearts were randomly assigned to five groups: (1) control group, (2) IPC group, (3) IPC glibenclamide (GLB, 10 μmol/L) group, (4) IPC glimepiride (GLM, 10 μmol/L) group, (5) IPC gliclazide (GLC, 50 μmol/L) group. IPC was defined as 3 cycles of 5-minute zero-flow global ischemia followed by 5-minute reperfusion. The haemodynamic parameters and the infarct size of each isolated heart were recorded. And the sarcolemmal IKATP of dissociated ventricular myocytes reperfused with 10 μmol/L GLB, 1 μmol/L GLM, and 1 μmol/L GLC was recorded with single-pipette whole-cell voltage clamp under simulated ischemic condition. Results The infarct sizes of rat hearts in IPC (23.7%±1.3%), IPC GLM (24.6%±1.0%), and IPC GLC (33.1%±1.3%) groups were all significantly smaller than that in control group (43.3%±1.8%; P<0.01, n=6). The infarct size of rat hearts in IPC GLB group (40.4%±1.4%) was significantly larger than that in IPC group (P<0.01, n=6). Under simulated ischemic condition, GLB (10 μmol/L) decreased IKATP from 20.65±7.80 to 9.09±0.10 pA/pF (P<0.01, n=6), GLM (1 μmol/L) did not significantly inhibit IKATP (n=6), and GLC (1 μmol/L) decreased IKATP from 16.73±0.97 to 11.18±3.56 pA/pF(P<0.05, n=6). Conclusions GLM has less effect on myocardial protection of IPC than GLB and GLC. Blockage of sarcolemmal ATP-sensitive potassium channels in myocardium might play an important role in diminishing IPC-induced protection of GLM, GLB, and GLC.     

Effects of Liandou Qingmai Recipe(连豆清脉方) on Endothelin-1,Nitric Oxide,Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-10 Levels in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

Objective:To observe effects of Liandou Qingmai Recipe(连豆清脉方) on endothelin-1(ET-1),nitric oxide(NO),interleukin-6(IL-6) and IL-10 levels in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods:Total 101 cases with coronary heart disease were randomly divided into a treatment group(n=45) treated by Liandou Qingmai Recipe and a standard treatment group(control group,n=56),with a normal group of 16 health persons set up.Changes of ET-1,NO,IL-6 and IL-10 levels were measured before treatment and after treatment for two weeks.And the data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 statistic software.Results:Before treatment,the levels of ET-1,IL-6 and IL-10 levels were significantly higher and NO was significantly lower in the patients with coronary heart disease than those in the normal group(90.7±12.7 ng/L vs 41.8±13.5 ng/L,9.17±0.18 ng/L vs 1.10±0.08 ng/L,1.94±0.26 ng/L vs 1.09±0.06 ng/L,and 92.2±17.7 μmol/L vs 124.5±27.2 μmol/L;all P<0.05),with no significant differences in the levels of ET-1,NO,IL-6 and IL-10 between the treatment group and the control group(P>0.05);After treatment,ET-1 and IL-6 significantly decreased in the treatment group and the control group,and NO increased in the treatment group;And IL-6 level was significantly lower and NO level was higher in the treatment group than those in the control group(4.48±1.22 ng/L vs 5.13±1.85 ng/L,117.4±22.3 μmol/L vs 92.4±17.1 μmol/L;both P<0.05);There was a positive correlation between IL-6 and IL-10,and a negative correlation between NO and IL-10(r=0.142,r=-0.152;both P<0.05).Conclusion:Liandou Qingmai Recipe can decline IL-6,IL-10 and ET-1 levels,and raise NO level in patients with coronary heart disease on the basis of standard treatment,so as to inhibit endothelial inflammatory response,improve vascular endothelial function,with stronger anti-AS action;And vascular endothelial lesion is related with inflammatory response.     

Effects of simulated weightlessness on tight junction protein occludin and Zonula Occluden-1 expression levels in the intestinal mucosa of rats

This study investigated the tight junction(TJ) protein expression of the intestinal mucosa in a rat tail-suspension model under simulated weightlessness.Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups:CON group(n=8),control;SUS-14 d group(n=8),tail-suspension for 14 days;SUS-21 d group(n=8),tail-suspension for 21 days.Occludin and Zonula Occluden-1(ZO-1) expression levels were determined by immunohistochemical analysis and mRNA fluorescent quantitative PCR.Plasma levels of diamine oxidase(DAO) and d-lactate were determined using enzymatic spectrophotometry.Immunohistochemical results for occludin and ZO-1 showed disruption of the TJs in the intestinal mucosa in SUS-14 d and SUS-21 d groups.The expression levels of occludin and ZO-1 in SUS-21 d group were lower than those in SUS-14 d group,and significantly lower than those in CON group(Occldin:0.86±0.02 vs 1.01±0.03 vs 1.63±0.03 and ZO-1:0.82±0.01 vs 1.00±0.02 vs 1.55±0.01,P<0.01).Moreover,the levels of plasma DAO and d-lactate in SUS-21 d group were higher than those in SUS-14 d group,and significantly higher than those in CON group(DAO:27.58±0.49 vs 20.74±0.49 vs 12.94±0.21 and d-lactate:37.86±0.74 vs 28.26±1.01 vs 17.76±0.91,P<0.01).There were significant negative correlations between occludin or ZO-1 expression levels and DAO(r2=0.9014,r2=0.9355,P<0.01) or d-lactate levels(r2=0.8989,r2=0.9331,P<0.01).Occludin and Zo-1 were reduced in intestinal mucosa both in mRNA and protein levels in the rat tail-suspension model.The significant negative correlations between expression levels of TJs and plasma levels of DAO or d-lactate support the hypothesis that intestinal permeability is increased due to a decrease in TJ protein expression during tail-suspension from 14 days to 21 days.     

老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征严重度与红细胞体积分布宽度 的相关性

目的 探讨老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）严重度与红细胞体积分布宽度（RDW）的关系。方法 采取横断面调查,纳入2015年1月~2016年10月在解放军总医院鼾症门诊确诊为OSAS患者311例(年龄≥65岁)为观察组,其中男性213例,女性98例。同期入选体检人群排除OSAS的老年人120例为对照组。根据OSAS患者睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）再将观察组分为3组：轻度 OSAS 组（AHI为5.0~14.9,n=90）,中度OSAS 组（AHI 为15.0~29.9,n=113）,重度 OSAS 组（AHI≥30,n=108）。对照组的AHI<5。收集研究对象的一般资料,进行多导睡眠监测、静脉抽血查常规、血生化全套指标,并采用多元线性回 归分析,分析OSAS严重度与RDW的相关性。结果 重度OSAS组的RDW、甘油三酯水平高于其他各组（P<0.01）;重度OSAS组和中度OSAS组的空腹血糖水平、体质量指数高于轻度OSAS组和对照组（P<0.05或P<0.01）。多元线性回归分析显示,AHI与体质量指数（Beta=0.111,P=0.032）、RDW（Beta=0.106,P=0.029）呈正相关。RDW预测OSAS的严重程度的ROC曲线下面积为0.687（P=0.0001）。结论 RDW可随着老年OSAS程度的加重而增高,可能作为老年OSAS患者严重度评估的潜在辅助指标。     

Increased serum levels of C-reactive protein and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Background Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome （OSAS）, characterized by intermittent hypoxia/reoxygenation （IHR）, has been identified as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases （CVD）. The CVD biomarkers associated with OSAS have not been thoroughly investigated. Methods Fifty-one men with OSAS recently diagnosed by polysomnography were classified into two groups according to the severity of apnea： moderate to severe OSAS group （n=- 28） and mild OSAS group （n=- 23）. Twenty-five obese men, of comparable age and body mass index （BMI）, without OSAS were chosen as control subjects. Serum metabolic variables, C-reactive protein （CRP） and matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9） were measured. Spearman correlation and regression analysis were performed. Results Serum concentrations of CRP and MMP-9 were significantly higher in 51 OSAS patients than in 25 control subjects. Levels of CRP and MMP-9 were significantly higher in patients with moderate to severe OSAS than in patients with mild OSAS or in obese control subjects. A positive correlation was found between levels of CRP and MMP-9 in OSAS patients. Regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age and BMI, apnea/hypopnea index （AHI） significantly correlated with serum concentrations of CRP and MMP-9 in patients with OSAS. Conclusions AHI, mirroring the frequency of IHR, was a predictor of enhanced circulating CVD biomarkers MMP-9 and CRP. Our data support the theory that IHR contributes to the upregulation of the inflammatory factors in OSAS patients.[第一段]     

中重度睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者冠状动脉造影特点分析

目的观察合并中重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)合并冠心病(CHD)患者冠状动脉(简称冠脉)造影特点。方法应用冠脉造影观察中重度OSAS合并CHD患者(n=92)以及非OSAS合并CHD患者(n=100)冠状动脉病变特点,并应用酶联免疫方法测定两组患者血浆内皮素-1(ET-1)及C反应蛋白(CRP)浓度。结果中重度OSAS合并CHD患者在冠状动脉血管病变支数、闭塞性病变总数、血管钙化、血管严重迂曲、存在桥侧支所占比例均明显高于非OSAS组(P<0.05),闭塞段血管长度也显著高于非OSAS组,两组的TIMI血流情况差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.01);中重度OSAHS合并CHD患者血浆ET-1、CRP均较对照组显著增高(121.57±31.8 vs 68.23±23.12,P=0.0032;12.75±3.48 vs 5.74±2.19,P=0.029)。结论中重度OSAS合并CHD患者较非OSAS合并CHD患者有更重的冠状动脉病变,这可能与内皮功能损伤及炎性反应异常有关。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者血浆心钠素与肾上腺髓质素含量变化及意义

目的:探讨不同严重程度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)患者心钠素(ANP)及肾上腺髓质素(ADM)水平变化及其临床意义。方法:对68例OSAS患者行多导睡眠图检测,根据呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)分为轻、中、重度3组,检测每组患者血浆中ADM及ANP水平。结果:患者ANP与ADM水平随OSAS程度加重逐渐增高;中、重度组ANP水平较轻度组升高(F=6.150,P=0.018;F=40.42,P=0.000);重度组ADM水平较轻度组升高(F=10.802,P=0.002)。直线相关分析显示ADM及ANP呈正相关(r=0.55,P<0.05)。结论:ANP及ADM水平随OSAS程度严重而升高,二者可能同向对OSAS进行代偿。     

持续气道正压通气对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者血清血管紧张素转换酶水平的影响

目的:探讨持续气道正压通气(continuous positive air-way pressure,CPAP)对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(obstructive sleep apnea syndrome,OSAS)患者血清中血管紧张素转换酶(angiotensin converting enzyme,ACE)水平的影响。方法:根据睡眠期多导睡眠监测中的呼吸暂停低通气指数(apnea hypopnea index,AHI)检查结果,选择43例符合OSAS诊断标准的患者作为研究对象(OSAS组),测定OSAS组实施CPAP治疗1个月前后ACE水平,与AHI正常者(正常组)比较,并分析OSAS组中ACE与睡眠呼吸紊乱指数的相关性。结果:OSAS组治疗前ACE浓度(23.35±15.62)U/L显著低于正常组(38.95±21.83)U/L(P<0.05),行CPAP治疗1个月后OSAS组ACE浓度为(24.55±14.89)U/L,与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),相关性分析显示OSAS组中ACE浓度与AHI无明显相关性(r=-0.018,P>0.05)。结论:OSAS患者血清中ACE水平与睡眠呼吸紊乱指数无明显相关性,与正常人相比,OSAS患者血清ACE显著降低,CPAP治疗不能影响ACE水平变化。     

肥胖青少年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者上气道临界压的变化及其临床意义

目的:观察肥胖青少年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)患者上气道临界压(Pcrit)的变化,探讨其在青少年人群OSAS发病中的作用机制。方法:根据多导睡眠监测数据和体质量指数(BMI),将受试者分为肥胖OSAS组(n=16)、肥胖对照组(n=18)和正常体质量对照组(n=17)。在多导睡眠监测的基础上,应用上气道压力-气流流量分析技术计算3组受试者的压力-气流曲线斜率和Pcrit。并分析上气道压力气流曲线斜率与睡眠呼吸暂停指数(AHI)及上Pcrit与AHI的相关性。结果:肥胖OSAS组受试者上气道压力-气流曲线斜率和上气道临界压明显高于肥胖对照组和正常体质量对照组(P<0.01);肥胖对照组受试者Pcrit低于正常体质量对照组(P<0.05)。肥胖OSAS组受试者上气道压力-气流曲线斜率与AHI呈正相关关系(r=0.789,P=0.005);Pcrit与AHI呈正相关关系(r=0.654,P=0.032)。结论:Pcrit的增高是肥胖青少年OSAS上气道阻塞的原因之一;肥胖且非OSAS青少年的Pcrit的维持对预防上气道阻塞有重要作用。     

肥胖症伴阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者夜尿次数的研究

目的：探讨肥胖症伴阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）患者夜尿次数的变化。方法：根据睡眠期多导睡眠监测中的呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）结果,将肥胖症伴OSAS患者（50例）分为肥胖症伴轻度OSAS组（27例）和肥胖症伴中重度OSAS组（23例）,选肥胖症患者（20例）作为对照组,并记录各观察单位的夜尿次数。并对肥胖症伴OSAS患者作夜尿次数分别与睡眠期AHI、最低脉氧饱和度（Lowest SaO2）的相关性分析。结果：与对照组夜尿次数（1.0±0.19次）相比,肥胖症伴轻度OSAS组（2.1±0.31次,P〈0.01）与肥胖症伴中重度OSAS组（3.2±0.65次,P〈0.01）均明显增多,且肥胖症伴OSAS两组间有明显差异（P〈0.01）,夜尿次数随OSAS程度加重而增高,相关性分析显示肥胖症伴OSAS患者夜尿次数与呼吸暂停低通气指数呈显著正相关（r=0.675,P〈0.01）,与最低脉氧饱和度呈显著负相关（r=-0.734,P〈0.01）。结论：肥胖症伴OSAS患者夜尿次数显著增高且与OS-AS的严重程度相关。     

糖耐量减低与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征关系的分析

目的探讨糖耐量减低与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）的关系。方法测定并分析82例OSAS患者中43例糖耐量减低（IGT）患者（IGT组）和39例非IGT患者（非IGT组）的睡眠呼吸监测指标和体重指数（BMI）,探讨糖耐量减低与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的相关性。结果IGT组的睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）低于非IGT组;最低脉氧饱和度（Lspo2）低于非IGT组;IGT组的体重指数明显高于非IGT组。结论糖耐量减低与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征关系密切。     

OSAS代谢紊乱特征及其与胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)的代谢紊乱特征及其与胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法54例男性OSAS患者,应用多导睡眠描记仪(PSG)进行睡眠呼吸监测,根据呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)分为OSAS重度组(n=39,AHI>40次/h)和非重度组(n=15,AHI 5~40次/h)。患者分别测量体质参数、空腹血糖、胰岛素、血脂及CT腹部脂肪面积等指标。结果OSAS患者的胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)与缺氧相关,且独立于肥胖指标。重度OSAS患者代谢综合征的异常程度及发生率明显高于非重度组,其发病风险为非重度组的8.8倍。以体质量指数、颈围为自变量,绘制代谢综合征的ROC曲线,腰围的曲线下面积最大。制作睡眠监测时最低氧饱和度(LSpO2)的逐步回归模型,颈围和Epworth嗜睡量表(ESS)评分先后进入回归方程,二者对LSpO2均有显著性影响(均P<0.05)。结论OSAS是胰岛素抵抗的独立危险因素,腰围和颈围分别是预测OSAS代谢综合征和缺氧严重程度最简易的指标。     

脂肪型脂肪酸结合蛋白与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者血脂异常的关系

目的 探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)患者血清中脂肪型脂肪酸结合蛋白(A-FABP)水平与血脂异常的关系.方法 收集2010年11月至2011年5月因打鼾在苏州大学附属第二医院呼吸睡眠中心行多导睡眠监测的患者80例,其中男63例,女17例;年龄22～77岁,平均(48±14)岁.按呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)将患者分为3组:单纯鼾症组(AHI＜5次/h)19例,轻中度OSAS组(5次/h≤AHI≤40次/h)22例,重度OSAS组(AHI＞ 40次/h)39例.测定空腹血中A-FABP及血总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平,分析A-FABP与血脂水平和睡眠呼吸参数的相关性.结果 重度OSAS组血清A-FABP水平为(20.4±4.6)μg/L,明显高于单纯鼾症组的(15.7±3.3)μg/L和轻中度OSAS组的(17.3±4.3)μg/L(P =0.001和P=0.026).经校正年龄、体质指数之后,血清A-FABP与血TC、TG、LDL-C水平呈正相关(r=0.469、0.239、0.366,P=0.000、0.035、0.001);血清A-FABP水平与睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数和夜间动脉血氧饱和度( SaO2)＜90％时间呈正相关(r=0.231,P=0.042和r=0.226,P=0.047),与最低SaO2和平均SaO2呈负相关(r=-0.234,P=0.039和r=- 0.270,P=0.017).结论 OSAS患者存在血脂异常及血清A-FABP水平的增高,血清A-FABP水平与OSAS患者的严重程度及低氧参数相关,提示血清A-FABP可能参与OSAS血脂异常的发生.