突变低氧诱导因子1α基因真核表达载体的构建和表达

目的 构建人低氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)真核表达载体pcDNA3.1⁺-HIF-1α的两种突变体pcDNA3.1⁺-HIF-1α-564Ala和pcDNA3.1⁺-HIF-1α-564Ala-803Ala,并检测它们在人肺微血管内皮细胞(HMVECs)中的表达。方法 用定点突变的方法将pcDNA3.1⁺-HIF-1α的HIF-1α第564位脯氨酸(Pro)密码子CCC突变为丙氨酸(Ala)密码子GCC,构建成单个突变HIF-1α真核表达载体pcDNA3.1⁺-HIF-1α-564Ala。在第一次突变的基础上,仍然用定点突变的方法将pcDNA3.1⁺-HIF-1α-564Ala的HIF-1α-564Ala第803位天冬酰胺(Asn)密码子ATT突变为丙氨酸(Ala)密码子GCT,构建成双个点突变HIF-1α真核表达载体pcDNA3.1⁺-HIF-1α-564Ala-803Ala。将3种HIF-1α表达载体用脂质体法分别转入HMVECs,以RT-PCR、免疫荧光法和Westernblotting法分别对转染细胞进行表达分析。结果 测序证实,定点突变成功,构建成重组真核表达载体pcDNA3.1⁺-HIF-1α-564Ala和pcDNA3.1⁺-HIF-1α-564Ala-803Ala;3种载体均能表达相应的蛋白和mRNA,但转化突变HIF-1α表达载体的细胞蛋白量比空白细胞和转化无突变HIF-1α载体的细胞显著增加。结论 成功构建能够在HMVECs中表达的单个和双个点突变的HIF-1α基因的真核表达载体。     

突变低氧诱导因子1α基因真核表达载体的构建和表达

目的构建人低氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）真核表达载体pcDNA3．1^＋-HIF-1α的两种突变体pcDNA3．1^＋-HIF-1α-564A1a和pcDNA3.1^＋-HIF-1α-564A1a-803Ala，并检测它们在人肺微血管内皮细胞（HMVECs）中的表达。方法用定点突变的方法将pcDNA3．1^＋-HIF-1α的HIF-1α第564位脯氨酸（Pro）密码子CCC突变为丙氨酸（Ala）密码子GCC，构建成单个突变HIF-1α真核表达载体pcDNA3．1^＋-HIF-1α-564Ala。在第一次突变的基础上，仍然用定点突变的方法将pcDNA3．1^＋-HIF-1α-564Ala的HIF-1α-564Ala第803位天冬酰胺（Asn）密码子ATT突变为丙氨酸（Ala）密码子GCT，构建成双个点突变HIF-1α真核表达载体pcDNA3．1^＋-HIF-1α-564Ala-803Ala。将3种HIF-1α表达载体用脂质体法分别转入HMVECs．以RT-PCR、免疫荧光法和Western blotting法分别对转染细胞进行表达分析。结果测序证实，定点突变成功，构建成重组真核表达载体pcDNA3．1^＋-HIF-1α-564Ala和pcDNA3.1^＋-HIF-1α-564Ala-803Ala；3种载体均能表达相应的蛋白和mRNA。但转化突变HIF-1α表达载体的细胞蛋白量比空白细胞和转化无突变HIF-1α载体的细胞显著增加。结论成功构建能够在HMVECs中表达的单个和双个点突变的HIF-1α基因的真核表达载体。     

Over-expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha increases angiogenesis of LNCaP cells

Objective:To evaluate the effect of HIF-1 α over-expression on angiogenesis in human prostate cancer cells. Methods:LNCaP cells(a human prostate cancer cell line) were transfected with the recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1(-)-HIF-1α with Lipofectamine 2000 system. The positive clones were selected by G418 being further confirmed by Western blot and immunofluorescence. The expression levels of VEGF, iNOS and Ang- Ⅱ were determined. Results:The expression of HIF-1α in the LNCaP/HIF1α cells was significantly increased in transfected cells, which induced the up-regulation of VEGF, iNOS, whereas Ang- Ⅱ expression remained un- changed. Conclusion :Over-expression of HIF-1α can induce angiogenesis proteins and may improve the angiogenesis potency of prostate cancer.     

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-lalpha Suppressing Apoptosis and Increasing Tolerance of Lung Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy

In order to construct plasmid of hypoxia-inducible factor-lalpha （HIF-1α）, and transfect into human lung cancer cells A549, the change in sensitivity of lung cancer cells A549 to chemotherapy was observed. HIF-1α mRNA structure region was amplified by RT-PCR and inserted into plasmid pcDNA3. The expression plasmid pcDNA3/HIF-1α was transfected into A549 with LipofectAMINE^TM2000. The expression of HIF-1α protein was detected by Western blot. After A549 cells were transfected with HIF-1α prior to addition of 5-Fu, the growth activity was measured by growth curve, apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry at 48 h, and the levels of caspase3 and MDR-1 were determined by Western blot. The results showed that the constructed expression plasmid was analyzed with restriction enzymes and gel electrophoresis. Two DNA lanes at 2.55 kb and 5.4 kb respectively were found, which were consistent with that expected. The growth rate in 5-Fu group was significantly inhibited, and the apoptosis index and caspase3 activity were increased significantly as compared with control group. After HIF-1α being transfected into A549, the activity of MDR-1 was increased and the effect of 5-Fu was weakened. In conclusion, HIF-1α can promote chemoresistance by increasing the activation of MDR1 and suppressing apoptosis during lung cancer cells A549 in- duced with 5-Fu.     

The preparation of rat heme oxygenase-1 mutant to reduce the level of bilirubin

Objective　To prepare rat heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mutants and to determine the activity and inhibition of this mutated enzyme. Methods　pcDNA3HO1 containing truncated native rat HO-1 cDNA and pcDNA3HO1Δ25 carrying mutated rat HO-1 cDNA (His25Ala) were constructed, respectively. COS-1 cells transfected with pcDNA3HO1 and pcDNA3HO1Δ25 were collected and their activities were analyzed. Results　Native rat HO-1 was highly expressed in transfected cells and its activity was 13?688-15?600 U/mg protein per hour. However, the enzyme activity of mutated HO-1 declined and the value was 1948-2160 U/mg protein per hour. When an equal amount of mutant was added to the enzyme reaction system, the level of bilirubin decreased by 42%. Conclusion　The His25Ala mutant reduced the formation of bilirubin, suggesting that the mutant could competely bind the heme with native enzyme.     

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1alpha Suppressing Apoptosis and Increasing Tolerance of Lung Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy

In order to construct plasmid of hypoxia-inducible factor-lalpha (HIF-1α), and transfect into human lung cancer cells A549, the change in sensitivity of lung cancer cells A549 to chemotherapy was observed. HIF-1αmRNA structure region was amplified by RT-PCR and inserted into plasmid pcDNA3. The expression plasmid pcDNA3/HIF-1αwas transfected into A549 with Lipofec-tAMINE?000. The expression of HIF-1αprotein was detected by Western blot. After A549 cells were transfected with HIF-1αprior to addition of 5-Fu, the growth activity was measured by growth curve, apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry at 48 h, and the levels of caspase3 and MDR-1 were determined by Western blot. The results showed that the constructed expression plasmid was analyzed with restriction enzymes and gel electrophoresis. Two DNA lanes at 2.55 kb and 5.4 kb respectively were found, which were consistent with that expected. The growth rate in 5-Fu group was significantly inhibited, and the apoptosis index and caspase3 activity were increased significantly as compared with control group. After HIF-1αbeing transfected into A549, the activity of MDR-1 was increased and the effect of 5-Fu was weakened. In conclusion, HIF-1αcan promote chemoresistance by increasing the activation of MDR1 and suppressing apoptosis during lung cancer cells A549 induced with 5-Fu.     

Inhibitory activity of nuclear factor-κB potentiates cisplatin-induced apoptosis in A549 cells

Whether inhibiting the activity of nuclear factor （NF）-κB potentiates cisplatin-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cell line A549 cells was investigated. The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1（＋）/IκBα expressing IκBα was constructed. The in vitro cultured A549 cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1 （＋）/IκBα alone, or pcDNA3.1（＋）/IκBα combined with cisplatin. The mitochondrial membrane potential （△ψm） was determined by rhodamine 123, the activity of caspase-3 was tested by colorimetric assay, and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry with the annexin V/propidium iodide assay. The results showed that the activity of NF-κB in A549 cells was inhibited by transfecting pcDNA3.1（＋）/IκBα. Transfection of pcDNA3.1（＋）/IκBα alone did not promote apoptosis. Treatment of cisplatin alone had a little effect on cell apoptosis. Transfection of pcDNA3.1（＋）/IκBα combined with cisplatin treatment significantly induced apoptosis of A549 ceils. It was concluded that inhibiting the activity of NF-κB potentiated cisplatin-induced apoptosis of A549 cells.     

Inhibitory Activity of Nuclear Factor-κB Potentiates Cisplatin-induced Apoptosis in A549 Cells

Whether inhibiting the activity of nuclear factor(NF)-κB potentiates cisplatin-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cell line A549 cells was investigated.The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1( )/IκBα expressing IκBα was constructed.The in vitro cultured A549 cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1( )/IκBα alone,or pcDNA3.1( )/IκBα combined with cisplatin.The mito-chondrial membrane potential(?ψm) was determined by rhodamine 123,the activity of caspase-3 was tested by colorimetric assay,and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry with the annexin Ⅴ/propidium iodide assay.The results showed that the activity of NF-κΒ in A549 cells was inhibited by transfecting pcDNA3.1( )/IκΒα.Transfection of pcDNA3.1( )/IκΒα alone did not promote apoptosis.Treatment of cisplatin alone had a little effect on cell apoptosis.Transfection of pcDNA3.1( )/IκΒα combined with cisplatin treatment significantly induced apoptosis of A549 cells.It was concluded that inhibiting the activity of NF-κB potentiated cisplatin-induced apoptosis of A549 cells.     

The Effects of HBx Gene on the Expression of DNA Repair Enzymes hOGG1 and hMYHα mRNA in HepG2 Cells

To observe the alteration in the expression of DNA repair enzymes hOGG1 and hMYHa and the change in 8-OHdG levels in the HBx gene-transfected cells HepG2/HBx and to explore the mechanisms of the HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma, the gene-transfected cells HepG2/HBx which stably expressed HBx was established, and the effect of HBx on the cell cycle and proliferation of HepG2 was examined. By using the β-actin as the interior control, real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time qPCR） was employed to quantitatively detect the expression of DNA repair enzymes hOGG1 and hMYHα in the HepG2/HBx, the control cells HepG2 and HepG2 transfected with pcDNA3.1 vector （HepG2/pDNA3.1）. The 8-OHdG levels were determined by HPLC/ECD in the established gene-transfected cells HepG2/HBx and the control cells HepG2 and HepG2/pcDNA3.1. Our results showed that the expression of DNA repair enzyme hMYHα in the HepG2/HBx （0.021±0.007） was significantly lower than that of HepG2 （0.099±0.041） （P〈0.05） and HepG2/pDNA3.1 （0.121±0.005） （P〈0.05）. However, the no significant differences existed in the expression of DNA repair enzyme hOGG1 among the three cell strains （P〉0.05）. The 8-OHdG level in the HepG2/HBx was significantly higher than that in HepG2 and HepG2/pcDNA3.1 （P〈0.05）. It is concluded that HBx gene may inhibit the expression of DNA repair enzyme hMYHα mRNA to impair the ability to repair the intracellular DNA oxidative damage, to increase the oxidative DNA-adduct 8-OHdG and to affect the nucleotide excision repair function, thus participate in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma.     

Construction of a HERG mutant L539fs/47-*558W pEGFP vector and the expression of the fusion protein in HEK293 cells

Objective： To construct a human ether-a-go-go-related gene （HERG） nonsense mutant L539fs/47-558W into the autonomously fluorescent, eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-C2, and to verify expression of the reconstruct in human embryonic kidney-293 （HEK293） cells. Methods： The mutational fragment was subcloned into pEGFP-C2-HERG by double digestion of Sbf I, Eco91 1 and rejoining of T4 ligase. After verification, the recombinant pEGFP-C2-L539fs/47-558W and pEGFP-C2-HERG were respectively transfected into HEK293 cells for 48 h by the Lipofect method to observe the expression location of the fusion protein by laser confocal imaging scanning in vivo. pcDNA3 -L539fs/47-＊558W and pcDNA3-HERG were transfected to observe the expression location of the HERG protein by immunofluoresceoce. The mutant protein size was determined by Western blotting. Results： The about 1 kb-sized mutation region cDNA fragment from pcDNA3-L539fs/47-＊558Wand the about 7.2 kb-sized target vector fragment from pcDNA3-HERG were ligated after purification and gel recovery pEGFP-C2-L539fs/47＊-558W, approximately 8.2 kb, was demonstrated successfully been constructed under agarose gel electrophoresis and further sequencing. Laser confocal imaging showed that pEGFP-C2-HERG was mainly expressed in the membrane, whereas truncated mutant-type HERG in the pEGFP-C2 vector was partially located in the cytoplasm, the others were transported to the cell membrane in living HEK293 cells. The same as the immunofluoresceoce results after transfection of pcDNA3-HERG and pcDNA3-L539fs/47-558W. Wild-type HERG-GFP fusion protein expressed 160 and 180 kDa bands. The mutant and mutant-GFP fusion proteins were 70 and 100 kDa, respectively. Conclusion： pEGFP-C2-L539fs/47-＊558W was successfully constructed by double digestion method GFP had no effect on its protein expression and trafficking in HEK293 cells, which laid a foundation for the further study on L539fs/47-＊558W     

pcDNA3.1+-HIF-1α载体的构建和初步表达鉴定

目的克隆和构建带人低氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)基因真核表达载体pcDNA3.1 -HIF-1α。方法以大肠癌细胞株HT29的总RNA为模板,进行逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR),获得HIF-1α的cDNA,克隆入T载体,测序证实后克隆入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1 ,酶切鉴定重组子。将构建好的pcDNA3.1 -HIF-1α用脂质体法转入HEK293细胞,RT-PCR鉴定重组质粒的表达。结果扩增出HIF-1αcDNA全长,测序结果与Genbank记载完全一致,成功克隆入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1 ;建立了稳定的细胞株HEK293/pcDNA3.1 -HIF-1α。结论成功克隆和构建带人HIF-1α基因真核表达载体pcDNA3.1 -HIF-1α,并证明其能在真核细胞内表达。     

Inhibitory Activity of Nuclear Factor-κB Potentiates Cisplatin-induced Apoptosis in A549 Cells

Whether inhibiting the activity of nuclear factor (NF)-κB potentiates cisplatin-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cell line A549 cells was investigated. The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1( )/IκBα expressing IκBα was constructed. The in vitro cultured A549 cells were trans-fected with pcDNA3.1( )/IκBα alone, or pcDNA3.1( )/IκBα combined with cisplatin. The mitochondrial membrane potential (△ψm) was determined by rhodamine 123, the activity of caspase-3 was tested by colorimetric assay, and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry with the annexin V/propidium iodide assay. The results showed that the activity of NF-κB in A549 cells was inhibited by transfecting pcDNA3.1( )/IκBα. Transfection of pcDNA3.1( )/IκBα alone did not promote apoptosis. Treatment of cisplatin alone had a little effect on cell apoptosis. Transfection of pcDNA3.1( )/IκBα combined with cisplatin treatment significantly induced apoptosis of A549 cells. It was concluded that inhibiting the activity of NF-κB potentiated cisplatin-induced apoptosis of A549 cells.     

冻干重组人三突变型HIF-1α腺病毒生物学效应考察

目的研究冻干对重组人三突变型HIF-1α腺病毒(Ad-HIF-1α-564/402/803)生物学效应的影响。方法将前期构建的Ad-HIF-1α-564/402/803在HEK293A细胞中进行扩增,用氯化铯浓度梯度离心法进行腺病毒纯化,X-Gal染色法测定重组腺病毒转染效率,在适宜的条件下制成冻干剂。采用MTS试剂盒观察冻干前后Ad-HIF-1α-564/402/803对hMVECs增殖的影响。分别在冻干前、冻干后1 d、6月、12月四个时间点提取病毒DNA,进行PCR及PCR产物测序鉴定重组人三突变型HIF-1α腺病毒基因;并在4个时间点以Ad-HIF-1α-564/402/803转染hMVECs,提取蛋白进行western blot检测HIF-1α蛋白的表达。结果 X-gal染色显示MOI为100pfu/cell时,转染效率趋于稳定。冻干前后重组人三突变型HIF-1α腺病毒对hMVECs增殖影响无显著差异(P>0.05)。经PCR及基因测序鉴定,在四个时间点,腺病毒所携带的目的基因信息无丢失或突变,HIF-1α蛋白表达无差异(P>0.05)。结论冻干能够长期保持重组人三突变型HIF-1α腺病毒的高生物活性。     

Up-regulation of HIF-1α and VEGF Expression by Elevated Glucose Concentration and Hypoxia in Cultured Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Summary： In order to explore the effect of high glucose concentration and high glucose concentration with hypoxia on the production of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α （HIF-1α） and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）, human RPE cells were cultured in 5,56 mmol/L glucose （control group）, 5.56 mmol/L glucose with 150 !a mol/L COCl2 （hypoxic group）, 25 mmol/L glucose （high glucose group） and 25 mmol/L glucose with 150 μmol/L COCl2 （combination group）. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF mRNAs. Western blot analysis was used to measure the levels of HIF-1α and VEGF proteins. Although the small amount of HIF-1α protein was able to be detected in high glucose group but not in control group, there was no significant difference between the expression of HIF-1α mRNA of RPE cells in high glucose group and that of RPE cells in control group. As compared with RPE cells in control group, the mRNA expression and the protein synthesis of VEGF in high glucose group were up-regulated. As compared with RPE cells in hypoxic group, the expression of HIF-1α mRNA of RPE cells in combination group was not different, but the protein synthesis of HIF-1α, the mRNA expression and the protein synthesis of VEGF were more obviously up-regulated. In conclusion, high concentration glucose mainly influence the protein synthesis of HIF-1α of RPE cell, and HIF-1α protein is able to be accumulated in high concentration glucose. Under hypoxia, the HIF-1α protein induced by high concentration glucose is more stable, and the expression of VEGF is obviously increased. It is suggested that high concentration glucose may play a role in retinal neovascularization, especially at ischemia stage of diabetic retinopathy.     

三突变型低氧诱导因子-1α对人微血管内皮细胞增殖及VEGF蛋白表达的影响

目的观察重组腺病毒三突变型低氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)对人微血管内皮细胞(hMVECs)增殖及VEGF蛋白表达的影响。方法三突变型HIF-1α腺病毒载体(Ad-HIF-1α564/402/803)、野生型HIF-1α腺病毒载体(Ad-HIF-1αnature)、Ad-LacZ及空载腺病毒载体(Ad-Null)分别在HEK293A细胞大量扩增,氯化铯梯度离心纯化,终点稀释法测定病毒滴度;双荧光素酶报告系统检测三突变型HIF-1α与野生型HIF-1α的转录活性;各重组腺病毒载体以最佳转染复数转染体外培养的hMVECs,Western blotting测定HIF-1α和VEGF蛋白表达;MTS检测Ad-HIF-1α564/402/803对细胞增殖的影响。结果三突变型HIF-1α转录活性显著高于野生型HIF-1α(P<0.001);Ad-HIF-1α564/402/803组HIF-1α和VEGF蛋白表达量高于Ad-HIF-1αnature及其他组;VEGF蛋白表达水平与HIF-1α呈剂量依赖关系。Ad-HIF-1α564/402/803组第3、5天吸光度值均显著高于Ad-HIF-1αnature及其他组(P<0.01)。结论三突变型HIF-1α在体外常氧条件下稳定高效表达,可诱导hMVECs VEGF蛋白表达上调,促进hMVECs增殖。     

Inhibitory Effect of HCPT on Expression of HIF-1α and Downstream Genes in Hypoxic Human Cervical SiHa Cancer Cells

The hypoxic model to simulate hypoxic microenvironment in solid tumors was established and the effect of hydrocamptothecin （HCPT） on the hypoxia-induced over-expression of HIF-1α and VEGF genes was explored. Human cervical cancer SiHa cells were cultured in vitro under hypoxic conditions （37℃, 5% CO2, 1%O2） and treated with different concentrations of HCPT for 24 h. The mRNA and protein expression levels of HIF-1α, VEGF and Glutl in SiHa cells were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. Normoxic control groups were exposed to normoxic conditions for 24 h. Under normoxic conditions, HCPT had no obvious effects on the HIF-1α and VEGF gene expression. Hypoxia induced the up-regulation of HIF-1α protein and downstream VEGF gene, and HCPT showed a dose-dependently inhibitory effect on the hypoxia-induced over-expression of HIF-1α protein and VEGF gene expression in SiHa cells, whereas HCPT had no significant effect on the HIF-1α mRNA expression. No difference in HCPT cytotoxic- ity was observed between hypoxic groups and normoxic control groups. It was suggested that HCPT could inhibite the expression of HIF-1α protein and downstream VEGF gene in hypoxic SiHa cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the inhibitory effect was not related with HCPT cytotoxicity.