特型支架治疗食管入口狭窄

１９９９年８月至２００１年１月，我院对６例食管入口狭窄患者进行特型支架置入术，通过临床观察，发现特型支架对治疗食管入口狭窄有较好的疗效。对象与方法食管入口狭窄６例，男性５例、女性１例，年龄４８～６２岁，均为高位食管癌，无法手术切除。经放疗后出现食管入口狭窄，狭窄直径０．２～０．４cm，狭窄上缘距门齿约１５～１７cm（胃镜测量），狭窄长度３～４cm，狭窄并食管气管瘘１例，术前４例完全不能进食，２例可进流质饮食。支架为镍钛记忆合金高弹膜密纹网状支架，呈不规则的类双喇叭形，是我们根据人体食管入口第一狭窄部的…     

食管重建术后吻合口狭窄的扩张治疗

作者自１９８３年５月至１９９３年５月期间应用食管扩张术治疗食管、贲门癌术后吻合口狭窄患者６５８例，共行扩张３２４０次，有效率达９６．５％。扩张５次以下明显好转占６１．６％，１０次以下叫显好转占８４．５％。术后发生并发症２７例，占４．１％。食管穿孔８例（１．２％），吻合口出血４例（０．６／），纵隔大１例（０．２％），局部损伤１４例（２．１％）。作者对食管扩张术的适应证，操作中注意事项及并发症进行了讨论。     

布－加氏综合征的介入性治疗

作者行经皮穿刺下腔静脉球囊成形术治疗布－加氏综合征１４例，其中３倒置入血管内支架。狭窄段管腔扩张前０～８ｍｍ（平均为３．５ｍｍ），扩张后恢复至１２～２０ｍｍ（平均１７ｍｍ）。扩张前下腔静脉至右房收缩压差为０．３～５．５ｋＰａ，扩张后压差消失。     

主动脉瓣替换术后近期及晚期左心室功能随访

目的：评价主动脉瓣替换（ＡＶＲ）术后左心功能的近期及其远期效果。方法：对１９７８年１２月至１９９６年１２月期间连续１２９例单纯行ＡＶＲ的病人进行分析。结果：术前Ｂ超示左心室舒张末期内径（ＬＶＥＤＤ）、收缩末期内径（ＬＶＥＳＤ）分别为（６４．５±９．３）ｍｍ、（４４．７±９．９）ｍｍ,术后１４天至３个月分别为（５１．９±７．２）ｍｍ、（３１．５±４．５）ｍｍ（Ｐ＜０．０１）;术后１～２年分别为（４７．６±６．１）ｍｍ、（２９．５±５．４）ｍｍ（Ｐ＜０．０１）。手术死亡率３．９％。术后随访６个月至１６年,平均４．４年,累计随访５０１病人·年。晚期死亡６例（１．２％病人·年）,５年及１０年生存率分别为８９．３％、７７．３％。血栓栓塞及与抗凝有关的出血率分别为０．８％病人·年、１．０％病人·年。结论：ＡＶＲ术后９５％病人的心功能恢复至Ｉ或Ｉ级,长期效果满意。故主动脉瓣病变、ＬＶＥＤＤ扩大并出现症状的病人,应行主动脉瓣替换术。     

激光心肌血运重建术治疗冠心病的临床体会

目的：总结１９９７ 年７ 月至１９９８ 年１２ 月激光心肌打孔治疗５０ 例冠心病病人的临床经验。资料和方法：５０ 例病人平均年龄（６４ ±８） 岁,７０ 岁以上１５ 例。术前心绞痛（３ ．７ ±０ ．７） 级,４０ ％ 为不稳定心绞痛。有陈旧性心肌梗塞史者３３ 例、高血压病３３ 例、糖尿病１９ 例。冠状动脉（ 冠脉） 搭桥和经皮冠脉内成形术后各４ 例。超声心动图示左室射血分数平均为０ ．５１ ±０ ．１１ 。均经冠状动脉及左室造影、单光子发射计算机断层扫描（２０１ 铊－ ＳＰＥＣＴ） 心肌活性测定、运动试验等多项检查,认为有激光心肌血运重建术（ＴＭＬＲ） 指征。在全麻下经左胸前外侧第５ 肋间隙进胸,显露左心室壁。采用高功率二氧化碳激光打孔器（ 美国ＰＬＣ 公司） ,在食管超声监测下对左室壁缺血区域打孔（２１ ±５） 个。结果：术后早期死亡１ 例,余者均于术后１３ ～２５ 天出院。术后并发急性心梗、心功能不全各１ 例,一过性房颤、频发室性早搏各３例。术后３ 、６ 、１２ 个月心绞痛分别改善为（２ ．１ ±０ ．３） 级、（１ ．７ ±０ ．３） 级和（１ ．７ ±０ ．３） 级（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） ,ＳＰＥＣＴ示１９ 例（７０ ％ ） 随访病人心肌灌注得到不同程度改善。     

无支架异种生物瓣膜主动脉瓣替换术后左室功能变化

评价无支架异种生物瓣膜主动脉瓣替换术后２年左室功能的变化。将８０例同期施行主动脉瓣替换病人分为２组，５０例（年龄６９．３±９．３岁）应用ＴｏｒｏｎｔｏＳＰＶＴＭ瓣；３０例（年龄７１．６±７．７岁）作为对照组接受支架人工瓣膜替换。术前、术后１、６、１２及２４个月间记录Ｍ型及Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ超声心动图，采用计算机图像数字分析，定量测定左室功能的变化。随访期间，Ｔｏｒｏｎｔｏ组主动脉瓣跨瓣压差为０．８±０．６ｋＰａ（６．０±４．５ｍｍＨｇ），明显低于对照组２．３±０．９ｋＰａ（１７．３±６．８ｍｍＨｇ）；术后１个月，左室心肌质量下降２５％，左室＋Ｖｃｆ及－Ｖｃｆ明显增加（２．０±０．８／１．４±０．３ｓ－１，Ｐ＜０．０１；２．８±１．２／１．８±０．７ｓ－１，Ｐ＜０．０１）。术后６个月，左室功能进一步改善，心室肥厚的消退更趋完全，该变化在其后的随访期间保持稳定。结论：与支架瓣膜相比，无支架异种生物瓣膜具有较大瓣口开放面积及低跨瓣压差，这促进了术后左室功能的恢复及病理性肥厚的逆转     

肝癌不同治疗方法前后血清β-葡萄糖醛酸酶活性变化及临床意义

目的　观察非手术治疗、栓塞术和手术前后血清β－ 葡萄糖醛酸酶（β－ Ｇ） 活性变化。方法　应用ＥＬＩＳＡ 技术对５２ 例肝细胞癌病人不同治疗方法前后血清β－ Ｇ 活性进行测定。结果　肝癌病人血清中β－ Ｇ 活性滴度（１７．２ ±２．４） 明显高于正常对照组（６．５ ±１．３） , Ｐ ＜ ０．０１ ;其中１２ 例保守治疗病人治疗前（１７．０ ±２．３） 与治疗后（１６．５ ±１．９） 无明显变化, Ｐ ＞ ０．０５ ;１５ 例栓塞介入治疗前β－ Ｇ 活性滴度（１７．４ ±２．３） 与治疗后（１０．６ ±１．８） 有显著性差异, Ｐ ＜ ０．０１ ;２５ 例手术治疗病人,术后活性滴度（９．９ ±２．０） 明显低于术前（１７．１ ±２．４） , Ｐ ＜０．０１ 。比较手术病人β－ Ｇ 活性与肿瘤大小及淋巴结转移无关,与组织恶性程度呈正相关。结论　β－ Ｇ 作为体内活性酶,其变化对肝癌的诊断、治疗及病程判定有一定的参考价值。     

Urolume治疗逼尿肌外括约肌协同失调的北美多中心临床试验长期随访结果Urolume治疗逼尿肌外括约肌协同失调的北美多中心临床试验长期随访结果

为了解Ｕｒｏｌｕｍｅ尿道支架治疗脊髓外伤后逼尿肌外括约肌协同失调的安全性和有效性，作者单位与北美１５所医疗机构对此进行了长期的多中心性临床研究。共１６０名脊髓损伤病人入选，平均年龄３６３岁。所测定的尿动力学参数包括排尿压、剩余尿量、膀胱容积，并与治疗后１、２、３、４和５年随访，比较这些尿动力学参数的变化。１６０例病人治疗前平均排尿压为７５１±２８２ｃｍＨ２Ｏ，而治疗后１、２、３、４和５年分别为３７４±２３９（９７例），３９５±２２２（８４例），４２６±２７３（６１例），４６３…     

重度肺动脉瓣狭窄右室流出道外科治疗(附27例报告)

为改善重度肺动脉瓣狭窄的疗效，作者总结报告了２７例重度肺动脉瓣狭窄的外科治疗结果。其中１３例（包括漏斗部狭窄８例、瓣环发育不良４例、肺动脉狭窄１例）行右室流出道重建术（４８．１４％）。需行右室流出道重建术者，包括右室压≥２６．６７ｋＰａ（１ｋＰａ＝７．５ｍｍＨｇ）９例中的７例和１４．６７～２６．６７ｋＰａ１８例中的６例（ｘ２＝４．７５，Ｐ＜０．０５）；术前收缩期漏斗部直径和肺动脉瓣环直径之比≤０．４５１１例中的１０例和＞０．４５的１６例中的３例（ｘ２＝１６．５９，Ｐ＜０．００５）。资料提示，重度肺动脉瓣狭窄需作右室流出道重建术的指征包括：右室压＞２６．６７ｋＰａ，收缩期右室漏斗部直径和肺动脉瓣环直径之比＜０．４５。同时强调，重度肺动脉瓣狭窄宜早期手术，以３岁前手术较理想。     

Ⅲ期肺癌外科治疗生存率及手术适应证探讨

１９７０年～１９８７年外科治疗２４８例Ⅲ期肺癌，术后５年生存率为２０．６％。影响生存率的主要因素如下：（１）Ｐ－ＴＮＭ分期：Ⅲａ和Ⅲｂ期预后差别明显，５年生存率分别为２４．６％和９．２％。Ⅲａ期中Ｔ_３Ｎ_０Ｍ_０预后最佳，Ⅲｂ期中仅Ｔ_４Ｎ_０Ｍ_０预后较好，Ｔ_４Ｎ_２Ｍ_０，Ｔ_（３～４）Ｎ_３Ｍ_０无术后生存３年者。（２）Ｎ_２转移的水平，有１组Ｎ_２转移的预后明显优于２组以上Ｎ_２转移者。（３）病理类型：Ⅲａ中非小细胞癌预后优于小细胞癌，Ⅲｂ中仅鳞癌预后较好。（４）切除术式：Ⅲａ根治性切除病例的预后优于姑息性切除者，但Ⅲｂ中两者生存率相近。（５）综合治疗对预后可能有益。作者建议对Ｔ_３Ｎ_（０～１）Ｍ_０，Ｔ_（１～２）Ｎ_２Ｍ_０和Ｔ_４Ｎ_（０～１）Ｍ_０（鳞癌）采取积极手术治疗。对Ｔ_３Ｎ_２Ｍ_０和Ⅲａ期中的小细胞癌手术治疗应慎重。对Ｔ_４Ｎ_２Ｍ_０和Ⅲｂ期中的腺癌不宜手术，仅在为避免单纯探查或其他疗法无效时，作为姑息性切除的最宽适应证。     

Prospective evaluation of a new self-expanding plastic stent for inoperable esophageal strictures

BACKGROUND: High stent cost is considered the major drawback of self-expanding metal stents for dysphagia palliation in patients with inoperable esophageal strictures. We report our experience with a self-expanding plastic (Polyflex) stent, the cost of which is half that of the metal stents. METHODS: Between September 1999 and April 2001, 16 dysphagic patients (15 men; mean age, 69.4 +/- 14.5 years; range, 49-100 years; mean dysphagia score, 3.31 +/- 0.6) with esophageal strictures who underwent Polyflex stent placement (insertion device diameter, 12-14 mm; postexpansion inner stent diameter, 16-21 mm; stent length, 9, 12, and 15 cm) were studied prospectively. The strictures were caused by postsurgical recurrence of gastric/esophageal cancer at the anastomotic site in five patients, primary esophageal cancer in four patients, esophagocardia junction cancer in four patients, metastatic mediastinal lymph nodes from a primary lung cancer invading the esophagus in 1 patient, and benign peptic stricture in two elderly patients. All the patients were prospectively followed until death. RESULTS: Stent insertion was technically successful in 12 patients (75%). Stent placement failed in four patients (25%) because of failure to pass the delivery catheter across the stricture in three patients and failure of the stent to open in one patient. Early and late stent migration occurred in two patients and 1 patient, respectively. Tumor overgrowth occurred in 1 patient. The mean dysphagia score 7 days after stent placement was 1.1 +/- 0.9. Mean survival was 100.6 +/- 71.2 days (range, 8-225 days). CONCLUSION: Self-expanding Polyflex stents are safe and effective for inoperable esophageal strictures and have an acceptable technical success rate. Further experience, better selection criteria, and design improvements should improve results.     

Polyflex self-expanding,removable plastic stents: assessment of treatment efficacy and safety in a variety of benign and malignant conditions of the esophagus

Background Historically, esophageal fistulas, perforations, and benign and malignant strictures have been managed surgically or with the placement of permanent endoprostheses or metallic stents. Recently, a removable, self-expanding, plastic stent has become available. The authors investigated the use of this new stent at their institution. Methods The study reviewed all the patients who received a Polyflex stent for an esophageal indication at the authors’ institution between January 2004 and October 2006. Duration of placement, complications, and treatment efficacy were recorded. Results A total of 37 stents were placed in 30 patients (14 women and 16 men) with a mean age of 68 years (range, 28–92 years). Stent placement included 7 for fistulas, 3 for perforations, 1 for an anastomotic leak, 7 for malignant strictures, and 19 for benign strictures (8 anastomotic, 1 caustic, 5 reflux, 2 radiation, and 2 autoimmune esophagitis strictures, and 1 post-Nissen gas bloat stricture). The mean follow-up period was 6 months. Stent deployment was successful for all the patients, and no complications resulted from stent placement or removal. Nine stents migrated spontaneously. Three of three perforations and three of five fistulas sealed. Only one stent was removed because of patient discomfort. One patient with a radiation stricture experienced tracheoesophageal fistulas secondary to pressure necrosis. Of 20 patients with stricture, 18 experienced improvement in their dysphagia. Conclusion Self-expanding, removable plastic stents are easily and safely placed and removed from the esophagus. This has facilitated their use in the authors’ institution for an increasing number of esophageal conditions. Further studies to help define their ultimate role in benign and malignant esophageal pathology are warranted.     

应用带膜支架治疗晚期食管癌贲门癌

目的　探讨置入国产CZES型自膨式带膜支架 ,结合其它疗法综合施治重症晚期食管癌贲门癌病人的疗效。方法　采用内镜法、介入法、混合法、手术法 ,为晚期食管癌、贲门癌、食管瘘、吻合口漏、吻合口癌复发或吻合口狭窄病人 15 1例 ,共置入 15 9个支架 ,继而 132例实施放、化疗和中药综合施治。结果　疗效满意 ,明显改善了病人生活质量 ,体质增强 ,进食困难分级由 3.12级降至 1.0 5级 ,肿瘤缩小 2 2～ 3 4cm ,体重增加 1～ 6kg ,置入支架后生存 1 5～ 36个月。结论　置入支架结合综合施治行之有效 ,操作简便、安全可靠 ,适用于临床 ,易于推广     

食管支架置入术的临床应用

目的探讨食管支架置入术对良、恶性食管狭窄和食管瘘的治疗方法、疗效和并发症的处理。方法对55例不同原因所致良、恶性食管狭窄和食管瘘患者采用食管金属支架置入术。结果食管狭窄的主要症状吞咽困难、呛咳得到改善，近期疗效达100％。出现的并发症主要为疼痛和大便隐血，发生率分别为100％和92．7％，其余依次为胃食管返流、食管再狭窄、支架脱落，经过治疗后得到缓解或消失。结论金属支架置入术是治疗中晚期食管癌、狭窄的有效方法之一，对食管良性狭窄和瘘效果亦好。并发症可以预防，处理后大部分缓解。     

The efficacy of self-expanding metal stents for palliation of malignant esophageal strictures and fistulas.

OBJECTIVES: Esophageal strictures and esophagorespiratory fistulas are complications of malignant esophageal tumors, which are difficult to manage. The efficacy of self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) for palliation of malignant esophageal strictures and fistulas was investigated prospectively. METHODS: Forty-three SEMS were inserted in 41 patients with malignant esophageal stricture or fistula. Our series included 32 men and nine women, of whom median age was 61.4 years. Twenty nine stents were inserted for stricture, ten for esophago-tracheal fistula, and four esophago-pleural fistula. Stents were inserted endoscopically under fluoroscopic control. RESULTS: SEMS implantation was technically successful in 40 of 41 patients. A second stenting was needed in two patients. Median dysphagia score improved from 3.4 to 1.3. The covered SEMS was succesful in completely sealing 85.7% of the fistulas. Complication occurred in 11 (26.8%) patients. Especially in the case of tumor stenoses in the distal esophagus, complication rate was higher (44%). In total six patients (14.6%) died after stent placement during early postoperative period. Procedure-related mortality was 4.8% (2/41). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that treatment of malignant esophageal obstructions, including esophagorespiratory fistulas, with SEMS is an alternative palliative procedure. Furthermore SEMS implantation seems more safe in the case of tumor stenoses locating in the middle esophagus.     

Self-expandable metal stents for malignant dysphagia.

BACKGROUND: The use of self-expandable metal stents in relieving dysphagia for patients with incurable malignant oesophageal strictures was retrospectively evaluated. METHODS: Between September 1993 and August 1996, 66 male and 16 female patients with a median age of 72 years received self-expandable metal stents for malignant dysphagia. Six patients had concurrent tracheo-oesophageal fistulas. All patients were stented under sedation and stent insertion was performed under fluoroscopic guidance. RESULTS: Stent placement was successful in 80 patients (98%). There were seven early complications (inaccurate positioning (n = 3), migration (n = 1), incomplete expansion (n = 1), intractable pain (n = 1), and perforation (n = 1)). Two complications were lethal and three were treated endoscopically. Mean dysphagia grade improved from 3.2+/-0.7 to 1.8+/-0.9 (P < 0.05) after implantation. All tracheo-esophageal fistulas were successfully occluded. Upon a median follow-up of 8 weeks (range: 2-20 weeks), 30 complications developed in 21 patients (tumour overgrowth (n = 15), food bolus obstruction (n = 7), tumour ingrowth (n = 2), buckling of stent (n = 2), tracheo-esophageal fistula (n = 2), bleeding (n = 1), and gastric wall herniation through metal coils (n = 1)). Median survival was 13 weeks (range: 1-82 weeks). CONCLUSION: Self-expandable metal stents provide useful palliation in patients with incurable malignant dysphagia.     

Esophageal Stenting and Radiotherapy: A Multimodal Approach for the Palliation of Symptomatic Malignant Dysphagia

Background

Esophageal stents provide immediate palliation of malignant dysphagia; however, radiotherapy (RT) is a superior long-term option. We review the outcomes of combined esophageal stenting and RT for patients with malignant dysphagia.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed patients with esophageal stents placed for palliation of malignant dysphagia from esophageal stricture, esophageal extrinsic compression, or malignant tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). We excluded patients with radiation-induced TEF in the absence of tumor. We analyzed and compared outcomes between patients with no RT, RT before stent placement, and RT after stent placement.

Results

We placed stents in 45 patients for esophageal stricture from esophageal cancer (n?=?30; 66.7?%), malignant TEF (n?=?8; 17.7?%), and esophageal compression from airway, mediastinal, or metastatic malignancies (n?=?7; 15.6?%). Twenty patients (44.4?%) had no RT; 25 patients had RT before stent placement (n?=?16; 35.6?%), RT after stent placement (n?=?8; 17.8?%), or both (n?=?1; 2.2?%). Median follow-up was 30?days. Complications requiring stent revision were similar with or without RT. Subjective symptom relief was achieved in 68.9?% of all patients, with no differences noted between groups (p?=?0.99). The 30-day mortality was 15.6?%. Patients with RT after stent placement had a longer median survival compared to those without RT (98 vs. 38?days).

Conclusions

Esophageal stent placement with RT is a safe approach for malignant dysphagia.     

新型可回收全覆膜镍钛合金支架治疗难治性食管良性狭窄

目的探讨自行设计的新型可回收抗反流全覆膜镍钛合金支架治疗难治性食管良性狭窄的疗效。方法2009年11月至2011年5月间中山大学肿瘤防治中心胸科采用新型支架治疗难治性食管良性狭窄患者8例。在支架置入术后第1、7、30和60天以及拔除支架术后1、2、3和6个月,进行胃镜和食管吞钡检查,评价患者吞咽功能改善及并发症发生情况。结果8例患者均成功置入新型支架．术后吞咽功能较术前明显改善（P〈0．05）。经9个月的中位随访,已拔除支架6例,其吞咽功能亦较术前明显改善（P〈0．05）：支架继续留置2例,其中1例支架置入术后已15个月,目前仍进普通饮食：另1例支架置入术后2个月吞咽功能较术前改善．但3个月后吞咽功能减退至术前水平。8例患者远期吞咽功能改善率为7／8。术后再狭窄1例：支架脱落2例：肉芽过度增生3例,其中支架覆膜破裂致肉芽向内生长2例。结论新型可回收全覆膜镍钛合金支架置入食管良性狭窄术后和拔除支架后吞咽功能明显改善．远期再狭窄发生率低：但支架脱落发生率仍较高．支架覆膜材料易破裂．仍需进一步改进。     

Anastomotic narrowing after esophagogastrectomy with the EEA stapling device

We studied a series of 176 patients undergoing esophageal resection with the aid of the EEA surgical stapling device (Auto Suture U.K. Limited, Great Britain) during a period of 7 1/2 years. A total of 160 patients (91%) were operated on for malignant disease. Operative death occurred in 15 patients (8.5%), and there were three anastomotic leaks (1.7%). The prevalence of dysphagia caused by both benign and malignant strictures after esophageal resection in which the EEA stapler was used was 17.4%. The rate of benign anastomotic narrowing in discharged patients was 12.5%. Anastomotic stricture resulting from recurrent tumor caused dysphagia in 6.2% of the patients undergoing resection for malignant disease. The highest rate of benign anastomotic narrowing occurred in patients who had undergone esophageal resection for benign, nondilatable strictures. In these patients, the prevalence of benign anastomotic narrowing was 37.5%, compared with 9.6% in the patients undergoing resection for malignant disease (p less than 0.001). An additional trend was noted: The smaller the stapling head used to construct the anastomosis, the higher the prevalence of benign anastomotic narrowing; however, a statistically significant difference could not be documented. Ninety-five percent of patients with benign anastomotic narrowings complained of dysphagia within the first 6 months after the operation; 79% of these patients required two or fewer dilatations to relieve the dysphagia. Dysphagia after esophageal resection with the aid of EEA stapler occurred in just over one of six patients. The usual cause of the dysphagia was benign anastomotic narrowing, which responds well to dilatation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

The use of self-expanding silicone stents in esophageal cancer care: optimal pre-, peri-, and postoperative care

Background  Preoperative nutritional supplementation, management of esophageal leaks, and postoperative anastomotic strictures still remain common problems in the management of esophageal cancer. Jejunal feeding tubes, total parenteral nutrition (TPN) with nasogastric suction, and repeated esophageal dilations remain the most common treatments, respectively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of removable silicone stents in (1) the preoperative nutritional optimization during neoadjuvant therapy, (2) the management of perioperative anastomotic leak, and (3) the management of postoperative anastomotic strictures. Methods  Review of our prospectively maintained esophageal database identified 15 patients who had removable self-expanding silicone stents placed in the management of one of these three management problems from July 2004 to August 2006. Results  Preoperative therapy: Five patients underwent initial stent placement in preparation for neoadjuvant therapy. Dysphagia relief was seen in 100% of patients, with optimal caloric needs taken within 24 h of placement. All patients tolerated neoadjuvant therapy without delay from dehydration or malnutrition. One stent migration was found at the time of operation, which was removed without sequelae. Perioperative therapy: Five patients developed delayed (>10 days) esophageal leaks that were managed with removable esophageal stent and percutaneous drainage (in three patients). All patients had successful exclusion of the leak on the day of the procedure with resumption of oral intake on the evening of procedure. All five healed leaks without sequelae. Postoperative therapy: Five patients developed postoperative anastomotic strictures that required dilation and placement of removable esophageal stent. The median number of dilations was 1 (range 1–2), with all stents placed for approximate 3 months duration. All patients had immediate dysphagia relief after stent placement. Conclusion  Removable esophageal stents are novel treatment option to optimize relief of symptoms and return the patients back to a more normal oral intake. Continued evaluation is needed to consider stent use as first-line therapy.