QT离散度与冠状动脉病变的关系及经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术对其影响

目的　探讨QT离散度 (QTd)与冠心病患者冠状动脉 (冠脉 )病变的关系以及经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术 (PTCA)对其影响。方法　选择 2 5例冠脉病变狭窄程度≥ 80 %冠心病患者并对其病变血管实施PTCA术。 3支冠脉中 1支有病变者归入单支病变组 (A组 ,10例 ) ,2支以上有病变者归入多支病变组 (B组 ,15例 )。测定两组患者PTCA术前及术后第 1、第 7天的标准 12导联心电图及校正的QT离散度(QTcd)。结果　术前及术后第 1天B组QTcd显著大于A组 (P <0 .0 1)。术后第 7天A组与B组QTcd无显著差别 (P >0 .0 5 )。术后两组患者的QTcd均显著小于各自术前 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,B组术后第 1天QTcd仍显著大于术后第 7天 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而A组术后第 1天QTcd与术后第 7天比较无显著差异。结论　QT离散度与冠脉病变支数呈正相关。成功地行PTCA术可明显减少冠心病患者QT离散度 ;多支病变QT离散度减少速度慢于单支病变。     

冠状动脉旁路移植术对QT间期离散度的影响

目的　探讨冠状动脉旁路移植术 (CABG)对QT间期离散度 (QTd)的影响及其临床意义。方法　 6 2例非体外循环下行CABG的冠心病患者 ,分为不稳定型心绞痛 (A组 )、稳定劳力型心绞痛 (B组 )、合并陈旧性心肌梗死 (C组 ) ,15例冠脉造影正常者作为对照组 (D组 )。分别于术前和术后当天、2、4周及对照组相应时间记录 12导联同步心电图 ,对其QT间期测量 ,计算出QTd ,并进行统计学分析。结果　术前A、B、C 3组的QTd显著大于D组 (P <0 0 1～ 0 0 0 1) ,且A、C组大于B组(P <0 0 5 )。术后 2、4周各组QTd与术前相比均有缩短 (P <0 0 5～ 0 0 1)。A、B两组术后 4周QTd缩短值大于C组 (P <0 0 5 )。术后 4周LVEF恢复至 5 0 %以上者QTd缩短值显著大于LVEF仍低于 5 0 %者 (P <0 0 5 )。C组QTd≤ 70ms者术后QTd缩短值显著大于术前QTd >70ms者 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　QTd作为一种简单、可靠、廉价、无创的方法 ,可用于判断病情严重程度、不同类型冠心病手术疗效、评价和预测血运重建术的效果。     

冠状动脉旁路移植术对QT离散度的影响

目的：研究体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术（CABG）对QT离散度（QTd）的影响。方法：记录94例冠心病患者术前及术后第7天的12导同步心电图，对QT、QTc及QTd进行测量及分析。结果：术后QTd及QTcd均较术前明显减小，P〈0．01，差别有高度显著意义。结论：体外循环下CABG术后QTd及QTcd均明显小于术前。QTd和QTcd可作为观察CABG病人疗效和判断预后的便捷指标。     

QT离散度与冠状动脉狭窄病变的关系及冠状动脉支架置入术对它的影响

目的探讨QT离散度(QTd)与冠状动脉狭窄病变程度和范围的关系及支架置入术前后QTd的变化。方法分析119例经选择性冠状动脉造影患者的心电图资料,观察不同狭窄程度和范围的冠状动脉病变QTd指标以及冠脉重度狭窄者支架置入术前后QTd的变化。结果冠脉正常组QTd为46.7±10.3m s,轻度狭窄组(49.4±10.6m s)与正常组之间无明显差异(P>0.05)。重度狭窄组(68.5±10.7m s)与中度狭窄组(60.8±10.5m s)相比,中度狭窄组与轻度狭窄组相比,QTd均显著增大(P<0.01)。单支病变组QTd为55.3±10.4m s,与正常组比较差异显著(P<0.01);多支病变组(69.3±10.1m s)与双支病变组(62.5±10.2m s)比较,双支病变组与单支病变组比较,QTd均显著增大(P<0.05)。重度狭窄组支架置入术后QTd为44.9±10.1m s,与术前比较明显减小,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论QTd增大提示冠脉狭窄更严重,病变范围更广泛。成功的支架植入术可明显缩短冠脉重度狭窄患者QTd。     

冠状动脉病变支数及介入治疗对冠心病患者QT离散度的影响

目的探讨冠状动脉病变支数及介入治疗对QT离散度(QTd)的影响。方法对72例成功进行经皮冠状动脉腔内成形和支架术的冠心病患者,计算手术前后12导联同步心电图QTd及校正后QTd(QTcd)。结果冠心病不同类型和冠状动脉病变不同支数术前QTd及QTcd无明显差别(P>0.05),术后QTd及QTcd均较术前显著下降[稳定型心绞痛、不稳定型心绞痛和急性心肌梗死QTd为(49±20)msvs(57±24)ms、(46±18)msvs(61±18)ms、(48±18)msvs(61±20)ms,P<0.05;QTcd为(56±28)msvs(68±25)ms、(56±18)msvs(71±20)ms、(59±20)msvs(69±22)ms,P<0.05];单支病变组术后QTd、QTcd较其他病变组下降显著[术后单支血管病变与2支病变、3支病变的比较为QTd(38±18)msvs(50±24)msvs(52±16)ms,F=15.86,P<0.01;QTcd(45±20)msvs(56±18)msvs(58±27)ms,F=9.60,P<0.01]。结论介入治疗前冠心病患者QTd及QTcd与受累病变血管支数无关,在介入治疗后随着心肌缺血及心室复极不均一性的改善而降低。     

冠状动脉病变严重程度、冠心病介入治疗对QT离散度的影响

QT离散度（QTd）是近年来发展起来的1项预测心脏复极同步的新指标。本研究旨在探讨冠状动脉病变严重程度、介入治疗对QTd及校正QTd（QTcd）的影响。     

心肌梗死患者QTd、QTcd及QTdr的诊断性试验评价

有研究认为 ,急性与陈旧性心肌梗死时 QT间期离期度 (包括 QTd、QTcd和 QTdr)明显延长 ,QTdr在评价心室肌复极差异性方面较前两者优越。本研究就心肌梗死患者以上 3个指标间是否存在差异进行诊断性试验评价。1　资料与方法1.1　研究分组 :心血管病专科门诊或住院诊断的心肌梗死患者 2 17例 ,其中男176例 ,女 4 1例 ;年龄 2 5～ 91岁 ,平均(5 8.7± 11.3)岁 ;陈旧性心肌梗死 16 3例 ,亚急性心肌梗死 5 4例 ;全部病例均无电解质紊乱 ,未使用影响心室肌复极的抗心律失常药。对照组从来自同一仪器采样的健康人群中随机匹配 10 0例 ,其中男 6…     

冠状动脉病变严重程度、冠心病介入治疗对QT离散度的影响

QT离散度(QTd)能预测心律失常和猝死的发生。本研究旨在探讨冠状动脉病变严重程度、介入治疗对QTd及校正QTd(QTcd)的影响。1临床资料与方法选择完成冠状动脉造影且心电图及临床资料完整病例101例。排除心肌梗死、充血性心力衰竭、瓣膜性心脏病、左心室肥厚、高血压3级、心房纤颤、束支传导阻滞、预激综合症及使用I、III类抗心律失常药物的患者。冠脉造影提示的双支、3支病变病例亦排除在外。上述研究对象按如下方案进行分组:根据冠脉造影病变狭窄程度分组:①冠脉无狭窄组,病变狭窄<50%,为31例;②冠脉轻度狭窄组,病变狭窄≥50%且<70%,…     

AMI患者QTd、Tp-e和Tp-e／QT的临床意义

目的：探讨AMI患者QT离散度（QTd）、T波峰末间期（Tp-e）和Tp-e/QT的临床意义。方法AMI 患者（AMI 组）和健康成人（对照组）100名,AMI 患者又分室性心律失常组（38例）和无室性心律失常组（62例）,对比分析AMI组和对照组及有、无室性心律失常组的QTd、Tp-e和Tp-e/QT。结果AMI 组的 Tp-e、Tp-e/QT 明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）;AMI患者中室性心律失常组Tp-e、Tp-e/QT均明显高于无室性心律失常组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;QTd在各组间差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论AMI患者Tp-e、Tp-e/QT比健康对照组延长,且与室性心律失常的发生有密切关系。     

食管心房超速负荷试验中QT间期离散度变化对冠心病的诊断价值

目的探讨食管心房超速负荷试验的QT间期离散度 (QTd)对冠心病的诊断价值。方法对冠脉造影确诊为冠心病 38例及冠脉造影正常 4 0例进行食管心房超速负荷试验 ,记录试验前后 12导联心电图 ,测量ST段 ,校正QTc及QTd ,利用四格表法 ,分别计算各指标的特异性及敏感性。结果冠心病组试验后QTc及QTd均较试验前明显延长 (P<0 .0 1) ,试验后冠心病组QTd也长于非冠心病组 (P <0 .0 5 )。ST段 ,QTc及QTd诊断冠心病的特异性分别为 95 % ,6 7.5 % ,87.5 % ,敏感性分别为 5 2 .6 % ,73.7% ,84 .2 %。结论食管心房超速负荷试验的QT间期离散度 (QTd)能增加冠心病的诊断敏感度 ,对冠心病具有较高的诊断价值。     

脉压与冠状动脉病变相关性研究

目的 :探讨脉压与冠状动脉病变严重程度的相关性。方法 :回顾性分析 4 0 7例行冠脉造影确定冠脉病变程度患者的临床资料。结果 :脉压与冠脉病变程度呈极显著相关 (P <0 .0 0 1)。高血压病患者脉压明显高于无高血压病患者 (P <0 .0 0 1)。多因素分析 ,脉压、年龄、性别与冠脉造影结果显著相关。脉压和年龄的标准化多元回归系数分别为 0 .192 ,0 .2 2 4。结论 :脉压是血压的波动部分 ,反应了大动脉的弹性 ,与冠状动脉病变严重程度密切相关。     

The Effect of Acute Psychological Stress on QT Dispersion in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Background: An acute psychological stress can precipitate ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the physiologic mechanisms by which these effects occur are not entirely clear. Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia occurs in a significant percentage of the CAD population. It is unknown if the proarrhythmic effects of psychological stress are mediated through the development of myocardial ischemia.
Objectives: To examine the effects of psychological stress on QT dispersion (QTd) among CAD patients and whether these effects are mediated via the development of myocardial ischemia.
Methods: Psychological stress was induced using a public speaking task. Twelve-lead electrocardiograms (ECG) were recorded at rest, during mental stress, and during recovery. QTd was calculated as the difference between the longest and the shortest QT interval in the 12-lead ECG. Rest-stress myocardial perfusion imaging was also performed to detect mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia.
Results: Mental stress induced a significant increase in QTd compared to the resting condition (P < 0.001). This effect persisted beyond the first 10 minutes of recovery (P < 0.001). QTd was significantly associated with the development of mental stress ischemia with ischemic patients having significantly higher QTd during mental stress than nonischemic patients (P = 0.006). This finding remained significant after controlling for possible confounding factors (P = 0.01).
Conclusion: An acute psychological stress induces a significant increase in QTd, which persists for more than 10 minutes after the cessation of the stressor. This effect seems to be, at least partially, mediated by the development of mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia.     

P波离散度、QT离散度和ST-T对冠心病的诊断价值

目的　探讨P波离散度 (Pd)、QT离散度 (QTd)和ST T段综合分析 ( 2 + 1方法 )对诊断冠心病的价值。方法　分析 3 5例经冠脉造影证实的冠心病患者Pd、QTd和ST T ,以 19例临床疑有冠心病 ,但经冠脉造影证实冠脉正常的健康者为对照。结果　Pd和QTd冠心病组均高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,分别为 ( 2 4.15± 10 .13 )ms、( 45 .2 7±18.96)ms和 ( 15 .76± 9.68)ms、( 2 9.69± 7.74)ms。对冠心病的诊断 ,2 + 1方法的敏感性和特异性分别为 71.4%和73 .7% ,而单纯ST T分析的为 97.1%和 47.3 % ,两者间差异显著 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　与观察ST T变化比 ,Pd、QTd和ST T综合分析是诊断冠心病较特异的指标     

尿微量白蛋白与冠状动脉病变程度的相关性分析

目的：研究尿微量白蛋白与冠心病的相关性。方法：按冠状动脉造影诊断标准将116例患者分为冠心病组（82人）与非冠心病组（34人）,测定晨尿白蛋白/肌酐浓度值（ACR）,比较两组患者尿ACR并分析ACR与冠脉病变程度的相关性。结果：冠心病组ACR显著高于非冠心病组的;ACR与冠脉计分呈显著的直线正相关。结论：冠心病患者ACR水平升高,微量白蛋白尿与冠状动脉病变范围和程度密切相关,且对冠状动脉狭窄程度具有独立预测价值。     

Aortoiliac Angiography During Coronary Artery Angiography Detects Significant Occult Aortoiliac and Renal Artery Atherosclerosis in Patients with Coronary Atherosclerosis

PURPOSE: Peripheral atherosclerosis (renal and aortoiliac localizations) are frequently detected in aged patients with concomitant coronary artery disease (CAD): the risk of finding peripheral disease is increased in patients with CAD. Angiography of the aortoiliac vessels performed at the time of coronary angiography may detect any occult renal artery stenosis and atherosclerotic involvement of the aortoiliac segment. We sought to determine utility of performing angiography of aortoiliac and renal arteries during coronary arteriography in patients with known or suspect coronary atherosclerosis. METHODS: Medical records of all patients undergoing combined coronary and aortoiliac angiography between May 1998 and December 2002 was retrospectively reviewed. Moderate to severe arterial stenosis (>50% stenosis), vessel occlusion, aneurismal vessels were noted as significant angiographic findings. Contrast-induced nephropathy was defined as a rise in serum creatinine of > or =25% form baseline. RESULTS: In the study period 112 patients (81 males, mean age 68.4+/-7.8 years) with known or suspected CAD underwent combined cardiac catheterization and aortoiliac angiography. Pretreatment with 0.45% saline at a rate of 1 ml/kg/h for 12 h was administered to all patients. Significant findings were reported in 37 (33%) patients including 14 renal artery stenoses, 8 aortic aneurismal disease, and 15 aortoiliac lesions. Most patients with significant findings had 2 and 3-vessel CAD. A strong correlation was found between the number of risk factors and the frequency of angiographic findings (r = 0.92). Complications include six contrast-induced nephropathy: no case required renal replacement therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Aortoiliac and renal atherosclerosis is frequently associated to multivessel CAD. In selected patients undergoing cardiac catheterization aortoiliac angiography may be practical in detecting occult renal or aortoiliac artery lesions. Further clinical outcome studies are strongly required to support this strategy.     

糖尿病与冠状动脉病变程度的关系(附170例报告)

目的:探讨2型糖尿病与冠状动脉病变程度的关系。方法:2004年5月-2006年2月疑为冠心痛的患者行冠状动脉造影170例。观察冠状动脉及其分支的病变,并分别对冠状动脉管腔内径狭窄程度、长度、冠状动脉病变支数进行评价,冠状动脉狭窄程度采用Gensini定量评定法。结果:2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉病变血管数、病变狭窄程度、病变长度、均高于非糖尿病患者。糖尿病患者冠状动脉造影阳性率高于非糖尿病者,但差异无统计学意义(75％比69％,P>0．05);糖尿病患者多支病变率明显高于非糖尿病组(58％比38％,P=0．015);糖尿病患者斑块积分亦大于非糖尿病组(8．03±7．37比6．68±8．45,P=0．027)。结论:2型糖尿病患者更易出现冠状动脉动脉造影显示的复杂病变,多支病变,严重病变。故有效地控制糖代谢紊乱在干预冠状动脉粥样硬化发生和发展中具有重要意义。     

QT离散度在冠状动脉搭桥术中的意义及其应用

为阐明冠状动脉搭桥术(CABG)对QT离散度(QTd)的影响,并探讨其临床意义,我们记录并分析了我院24例冠心病患者(心绞痛2例,陈旧性心肌梗塞19例,冠心病心力衰竭3例)行CABG术前及术后不同时间的心电图,测算其QTd和心率校正的QT离散度(QTcd),同时观察其心绞痛缓解程度、心功能改善状况及左室射血分数的变化。结果显示:术前病人QTd、QTcd(91.47±27.57、96.76±25.88ms)均明显高于正常(40～50ms),而术后dl即明显减小(64.80±23.38、76.18±21.12、P<0.001),术后10d基本恢复正常(35.91±11.59、40.19±9.83),且这一结果与其它临床指标明显相关。结论:CABG能有效地改善心肌供血,缓解心绞痛,提高心功能;QTd、QTcd无论在CABG术前病情判断还是在术后疗效观察中,都是一项可靠而敏感的指标。     

Effects of Ischemia on Repolarization in Patients with Single and Multivessel Coronary Disease

GIEDRIMIENE, D., et al. : Effects of Ischemia on Repolarization in Patients with Single and Multivessel Coronary Disease . To evaluate if QT dispersion (QTd) may be affected by the number of obstructed coronary arteries (CAs) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) and undergoing angioplasty, and to evaluate if QTd may be affected by ejection function of the heart. The infarct related CA was identified by coronary angiography in 141 patients (97 men, mean age   61.6 ± 12.9   years) with acute MI undergoing percutaneous angioplasty. Successful reperfusion was defined as TIMI III flow with <20% residual stenosis. QTd, calculated by subtracting the shortest from the longest QT interval on 12-lead electrocardiograms, was examined immediately before and after angioplasty, at 24 hours, and 3 days after angioplasty. Successful reperfusion was achieved in 98 (69.5%) patients. Prolonged QTd at baseline was found in all patients with ischemia. A trend toward a decrease in QTd was observed immediately after angioplasty and at 24 hours, and a significant decrease at 3 days in patients with successful reperfusion regardless of the number of occluded CAs. There was no change in QTd found in patients with no reperfusion. An increase in QTd was observed in patients with acute ischemia due to single or multivessel disease. (PACE 2003; 26[Pt. II]:390–393)     

川崎病合并二尖瓣返流的临床特征及与冠脉损害关系的探讨

目的:探讨川崎病(KD)合并二尖瓣返流患儿的临床特征及其与冠状动脉损害的关系。方法:选取我院KD患儿152例,其中初期(病程第0-2周)合并二尖瓣返流,后期(第4-7周)复查消失者为组Ⅰ;初期及后期均合并二尖瓣返流者为组Ⅱ;初期及后期均无二尖瓣返流者为对照组。比较3组患儿的年龄、性别、实验室资料(包括WBC、PLT、CK-MB、ALB、CRP、ESR)、冠状动脉扩张、左室增大、返流程度。结果:KD患儿初期二尖瓣返流的发生率为22.4%(34/152),后期为9.2%(14/152)。1例发生心力衰竭,3例出现一过性心功能不全,均为组Ⅱ中合并中度返流患儿。组Ⅰ、Ⅱ分别与对照组的性别、左室增大、冠状动脉扩张、WBC、CK-MB、ALB、CRP、ESR比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);组Ⅰ与组Ⅱ之间的左室增大、冠状动脉扩张、返流程度、WBC、CK-MB、CRP比较有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:KD所合并二尖瓣返流多可自行缓解,但返流严重或持续存在者可出现心功能不全或心力衰竭;合并二尖瓣返流者其炎症水平较高,易发生冠状动脉损害。     

血管回声跟踪技术评价颈总动脉血管弹性与冠状动脉病变相关性的研究

目的 利用血管回声跟踪技术(echo-tracking,ET)评价颈总动脉血管弹性与冠状动脉病变的相关性.方法 应用ET技术研究69例不同程度冠状动脉病变患者与30例正常人的颈总动脉弹性系数β(僵硬系数)、Ep(压力应变弹性系数)、AC(顺应性)、AI(扩大指数)及PWVβ(脉搏波传播速度),并对上述参数进行统计学相关分析.结果 单支冠状动脉病变组弹性系数β、Ep较正常组升高,AC值较正常组降低,具有统计学意义(P<0.01),AI及PWVβ无统计学差异(P>0.05).多支冠状动脉病变组颈总动脉弹性系数β、Ep、AI及PWVβ明显高于正常组及单支组,AC明显低于正常组及单支组,差异具有显著统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 ET技术测定颈总动脉弹性系数可间接反映冠状动脉病变程度,可作为一种有效的评价冠状动脉病变的新方法.