湿润烧伤膏治疗新生伤膏治疗新生儿尿布皮炎的疗效观察及护理

目的：观察湿润烧伤膏治疗新生儿尿布皮炎的效果。方法：将62例患尿布皮炎的新生儿随机分为治疗组和对照组．治疗组将湿润烧伤膏涂于患儿臀部，且薄于1mm，对照组涂鱼肝油滴剂，感染者涂0．5％新霉素软膏，对两组患儿治疗效果进行比较。结果：治疗组与对照组比较，治愈时间明显缩短，治疗组总有效率明显高于对照组。结论：湿润烧伤膏对新生儿尿布皮炎有显著疗效。     

湿润烧伤膏治疗婴儿尿布皮炎的效果观察

目的观察湿润烧伤膏治疗婴儿尿布皮炎的临床疗效。方法选择尿布皮炎患儿83例，随机分为试验组和对照组，分别采用湿润烫伤膏局部外用，红汞鱼肝油混合液外涂两种方法。结果试验组尿布皮炎治疗的有效率明显高于对照组（χ^2=21．11，P〈0．01）；痊愈时间短于对照组（t=4．598，P〈0．01）。结论湿润烧伤膏治疗婴儿尿布皮炎效果优于红汞鱼肝油混合液外涂，可用于婴幼儿尿布皮炎的治疗。     

炉甘石加地塞米松治疗重度新生儿红臀的效果观察

目的 观察炉甘石加地塞米松治疗新生儿红臀的效果.方法 将100例重度尿布皮炎的新生儿随机分为观察组和对照组各50例,在传统护理的基础上,观察组采用局部外涂炉甘石加地塞米松,对照组局部外涂美宝烧伤膏,并比较两组治疗效果.结果 观察组治愈率88％,对照组治愈率98％.结论 炉甘石加地塞米松可保持新生儿臀部皮肤干燥清洁,促进皮炎消退,促进创面愈合,对于重度红臀患儿效果显著.     

局部氧疗配合莫匹罗星软膏治疗新生儿尿布皮炎的疗效观察

[目的]观察局部高浓度氧疗配合莫匹罗星软膏治疗新生儿尿布皮炎的疗效。[方法]将32例新生儿尿布皮炎随机分为观察组和对照组,患儿经一般护理后,对照组直接外涂莫匹罗星软膏,观察组先用6L/min~8L/min高浓度未经湿化氧吹15min后再外涂抹莫匹罗星软膏,观察两组患儿尿布皮炎修复情况。[结果]观察组疗效优于对照组(P0.05)。[结论]局部高浓度氧疗配合莫匹罗星软膏治疗新生儿尿布皮炎能促进炎症吸收,加速创面愈合,从而减轻患儿痛苦,缩短疗程。     

局部氧疗配合百多邦治疗小儿尿布皮炎效果观察

目的观察局部氧疗配合百多邦软膏治疗小儿尿布皮炎的疗效。方法将48例患儿随机分成观察组和对照组各24例,观察组采用局部氧疗联合百多邦软膏,将患儿局部皮肤醺干后与氧疗,再用无菌棉签醺取百多邦软膏均匀的涂抹;对照组常规护理后涂抹百多邦软膏,比较两组治疗效果。结果观察组有效率79．17％,对照组45．83％,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论局部氧疗配合百多邦治疗小儿尿布皮炎,可以提高治疗效果,缩短治疗时间,减少患者的痛苦,是治疗小儿尿布皮炎的有些方法。     

安普贴治疗新生儿尿布皮炎的效果观察

目的探讨安普贴薄膜外贴治疗新生儿尿布皮炎的效果。方法将79例确诊为尿布皮炎的新生儿按入院顺序号的奇偶数分为观察组39例和对照组40例。观察组清洗患处皮肤后贴上剪裁合适的安普贴薄膜，每天更换1次；对照组清洗患处皮肤后予TDP神灯照射患处皮肤1次／8h，每次15min，照射后予鞣酸软膏外涂。比较两组患儿治疗5d后的效果。结果两组尿布皮炎患儿治疗5d后效果比较，差异有统计学意义（Z=4．032，P〈0．05），观察组效果明显优于对照组。结论安普贴薄膜外贴治疗新生儿尿布皮炎效果明显，简便易行、安全、省时、能减轻换药时的疼痛，从而促进患儿睡眠，值得临床推广。     

生菜油和滑石粉联合外用预防新生儿尿布皮炎的临床观察

目的观察生菜油和滑石粉联合外用预防新生儿尿布皮炎的效果。方法将100例新生儿随机分为对照组（49例）和实验组（51例）。对照组接受常规护理，不涂任何药物，实验组经常规护理后局部外用生菜油和滑石粉，观察新生儿尿布皮炎的发生情况。结果实验组新生儿尿布皮炎发生率明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论生菜油和滑石粉联用外用能有效预防新生儿尿布皮炎的发生，保护新生儿皮肤免受潮湿、分泌物和摩擦刺激，取材方便，经济实用，值得在临床产科和家庭中推广。     

缺氧缺血性脑病新生儿血糖的变化及临床意义

【目的】4g讨缺氧缺血性脑病（HIE）新生儿血糖的变化及其临床意义。【方法】对本院收治的新生儿HIE180例（轻度76例,中度92例,重度12例）进行血糖监测,统计患儿发病期间血糖的变化,观察患儿预后情况与血糖变化的关系。【结果】①轻度HIE患儿血糖异常13例（17．1％）,中度HIE惠儿血糖异常38例（41．3％）,重度HIE患儿血糖异常8例（66．7％）,患儿血糖异常发生率随HIE严重程度增加,且差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。②轻度HIE低血糖11例（14．5％）,高血糖2例（2．6％）;中度HIE低血糖18例（19．6％）,高血糖20例（21．7％）;重度HIE低血糖2例（16．7％）,高血糖6例（50．0％）;轻度HIE以低血糖为主,中度、重度HIE高血糖发生率明显高于轻度HIE患儿（P〈0．01）。③血糖正常组病死率明显低于低血糖组和高血糖组,且差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。【结论】新生儿HIE会引起患儿糖代谢紊乱,血糖代谢异常情况会加重惠儿脑损伤,并影响治疗和预后,因此对H1E患儿进行血糖监测具有重要的意义。     

湿润烧伤膏治疗尿布皮炎

尿布皮炎又称臀部红斑 ,是婴儿臀部受尿液、大便污染以及不洁潮湿尿布刺激后引起的皮肤发红和糜烂。我科自 2 0 0 3年1月至今采用湿润烧伤膏治疗中度、重度尿布皮炎 2 0例 ,疗效满意。现介绍如下。1　临床资料　　 2 0例均为患尿布皮炎入院的患儿 ,新生儿 11例 ,2 8d～ 40d患儿 9例 ,其中中度 16例 ,重度 4例。患儿均因患腹泻引起臀部皮肤潮红、糜烂 ,部分患儿阴囊下及双侧腹股沟处皮肤破溃。2　方法　　患儿便后用温水清洗臀部并擦干 ,将湿润烧伤膏挤在医用棉棒上 ,轻轻涂于局部 ,约 1mm厚 ,并按摩片刻 ,促进局部血液循环 ,同时尽量暴露臀…     

吹氧联合药物治疗新生儿中、重度尿布皮炎的疗效

目的 观察吹氧联合药物治疗新生儿中、重度尿布皮炎的效果。方法 将76例新生儿中、重度尿布皮炎患儿按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组38例。对照组于患儿大便后用温水清洗臀部,轻吸干水分,用无菌棉签涂抹炉甘石洗剂患处,6～8次·d^-1,必要时增加次数。观察组在对照组治疗的基础上,在患处1 cm处进行吹氧15～20 min,直至皮肤干爽,3～4次·d^-1。治疗3 d后对2组患者的疗效进行评价。结果 观察组总有效率为100.0%,对照组总有效率为86.8%,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 吹氧联合药物治疗新生儿中、重度尿布皮炎具有良好效果。     

浓缩鱼肝油滴剂加红霉素治疗儿童口腔溃疡的临床观察

目的 观察浓缩鱼肝油滴剂加红霉素治疗儿童口腔溃疡的疗效。方法 将162例口腔溃疡患儿，随机分为2组。实验组局部给予浓缩鱼肝油滴剂加红霉素粉针剂混合。涂搽溃疡面，对照组局部撒敷冰硼散，观察2组患儿口腔渍疡愈合时间。结果 实验组总有效率高于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论 浓缩鱼肝油滴剂加红霉素可促进溃疡愈合。     

Effect of dietary cod-liver oil on the lipid composition of human erythrocyte membranes

The effect of dietary cod-liver oil on factors which characterize membrane lipid fluidity was studied. To six volunteers a daily supplement of 15 ml of cod-liver oil, providing 3 g of omega 3 fatty acids, was given for 2 weeks. Changes induced by the supplement in the fatty acid patterns of the individual erythrocyte phospholipid classes did not occur at the same rate or in the same degree. A rapid incorporation of omega 3 fatty acids in plasma lipids and in erythrocyte phosphatidyl choline, at the expense of linoleic acid, was seen, resulting in increased total unsaturation. A slower and quantitatively smaller incorporation of omega 3 fatty acids in erythrocyte phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl serine was seen. No change in the fatty acid pattern of sphingomyelin was seen. Withdrawal of the supplement for 2 weeks did partly reverse the cod-liver oil induced changes in erythrocyte phosphatidyl choline, while the changes in erythrocyte phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl serine lasted. Neither a change in distribution of erythrocyte phospholipid classes, nor in the erythrocyte cholesterol/phospholipid ratio was found. The observed changes in lipid composition are indicative of an increased lipid fluidity.     

Results obtained with piracetam in foetal distress during labour

A double-blind study was performed on ninety-six parturients of the Lima Maternity Hospital, Peru, with some evidence of foetal distress who were given indistinguishably piracetam or a placebo at random in order to investigate the effects of the drug on the foetus. The conditions of the new-born babies who had received piracetam were superior to those of the babies treated with the placebo, as evaluated with the Apgar at 1, 5 and 10 minutes after birth and on the basis of the neurological and clinical examination as from 24 hours until they were released. In addition, the reduction of the duration of the labour in the patients treated with piracetam as compared with the control group was obvious.     

影响青霉素过敏试验的几个问题

综述了青霉素皮试的时辰、患者皮肤敏感性、注入皮试液的量、浓度对皮试结果的影响，并在复习文献后指出了新生儿应该做皮试。     

SOAPS AS FERMENT-INHIBITING AGENTS : STUDIES ON FERMENT ACTION. X.

1. Sodium soaps prepared from olive oil, croton oil, cod-liver oil, linseed oil, etc., have the property of inhibiting the action of trypsin and leucoprotease. 2. The activity of these soaps is dependent upon the degree of unsaturation of the fatty acids and is in proportion to their iodin value. 3. Saturation of the acids with a halogen (iodin) causes a loss of this property. 4. Soaps of the saturated fatty acids tested do not have this influence on ferments.     

高危新生儿家属心理需求的调查分析

对 18 5例高危新生儿家属进行问卷调查 ,结果显示 :高危新生儿家属的心理需求中 ,想知道病儿目前的治疗、与医生商量病情等方面具有强烈的愿望。通过调查 ,找出存在于这些患儿家属中的共性问题 ,以寻求有效措施帮助患儿家属减轻心理负担 ,使患儿获得更有效的社会支持 ,也为临床护理工作提供方向     

Detection and Treatment of Deafness in Early Infancy

Procedures for the detection and rehabilitation of very young deaf children developed by the McGill University Project for Deaf Children are described. The development of tests for screening new-born babies for hearing loss in maternity hospitals, well-baby clinics and pediatric care are reported and rehabilitation procedures for deaf children in early infancy are out-lined.     

大蒜液用于外科感染伤口换药的研究报告

采用大蒜液配以鱼肝油和利多卡因制剂应用于外科感染伤口进行换药,对门诊300例感染伤口的病人采取随机分组的方法进行对比治疗,150例应用大蒜液治愈率为87％,150例应用凡士林油纱条治愈率为64％,经统计学卡方检验,(x~2=22.18,P<0.01),证明大蒜液治疗效果显著。     

Identifying reasons,gaps and prevalence of diaper usage in an acute hospital

Are diaper usage overused in acute hospital settings? Are there ways to avoid unnecessary diaper usage? This study aimed to identify the prevalence of diaper usage and the reasons of using diaper as well as to suggest strategies to avoid unnecessary use of diaper. Diaper is widely used for patients in hospitals worldwide but is seldom to be report its prevalence. Some patients with medical issues need to use diaper but some who do not have those problems are still given a diaper to wear once admitted. This is a cross‐sectional prevalence survey study from 24 wards covering 3 major departments between 19 and 26 October 2016. Data were sourced from different means such as documents and interviewing patients/relative, nursing and nursing supporting staff. The study was approved by cluster general manager (nursing) who supported the study to improve patient care. The overall prevalence rate of diaper usage during admission was 37·9%. The top four reasons of diaper usage in all departments were faecal/urinary incontinence, poor patient condition, confusion and poor mobilization which accounted for 38, 15, 10 and 8% respectively. A total of 53 patients of those who had not used diapers before admission but were given diapers to wear, reported reasons as having poor mobilization and lower limb weakness. This is the first study ever to explore the prevalence and reasons of diaper usage in Hong Kong. Different reasons to use diapers after admission but patients did not use diaper upon admission could be identified in various department. A clinical guideline on proper use of diaper that identified some gaps of the prevailing practice and possible solutions was suggested to improve clinical practice.     

赛肤润在防治新生儿红臀中的应用

[目的]探讨赛肤润预防新生儿红臀的护理方法.[方法]将726例入院时臀部皮肤无异常足月新生儿按完全随机分为对照组、鞣酸软膏组、赛肤润组三组.对照组常规护理不涂任何药物,鞣酸软膏组和赛肤润组常规护理后分别涂药,观察新生儿红臀发生情况及发生轻度红臀继续涂药后的愈合时间.[结果]赛肤润组及鞣酸软膏组新生儿红臀发生率均显著低对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),且赛肤润组显著低于鞣酸软膏组(P＜0.05).赛肤润组治愈率显著高于鞣酸软膏组及对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),且平均愈合时间显著低于鞣酸软膏组(P＜0.05)及对照组(P＜0.01).[结论]赛肤润能有效预防新生儿红臀的发生并能促进轻度红臀的尽早愈合.