甲状腺内化生型胸腺瘤1例并文献复习

目的探讨甲状腺内化生型胸腺瘤(metaplastic thymoma,MT)的临床病理学及免疫表型特征。方法复习1例MT的临床资料,进行组织病理学观察,采用免疫组化EliV ision两步法染色和EBER原位杂交检测,并结合文献进行讨论。结果患者女性,67岁,肿瘤直径4.6 cm,位于右侧甲状腺下极靠近胸骨上窝,境界清楚,包膜完整。镜下表现为双相性结构,由互相盘绕的上皮岛和短束状梭形细胞构成,两种成分在肿瘤的不同区域变化较大,部分区域由梭形细胞占优势的双相性结构构成,部分区域由纯梭形细胞构成。上皮细胞形成网格状或宽梁状吻合岛,形态类似非角化型鳞状细胞,胞核小而深染;部分上皮细胞较成熟,胞核大而空泡状,核内假包涵体易见,胞质嗜酸性。梭形细胞形态类似纤维母细胞,多排列成短束状、漩涡状、编织状或席纹状,可见胸腺小体样结构。背景有较多成熟小淋巴细胞浸润,梭形细胞区域散在较多微砂砾体。免疫表型:两种成分均弥漫表达EMA,BCL-2、CD99均弱阳性,Ki-67增殖指数约2%;上皮成分CKpan、CK5/6、p63均弥漫阳性,vimentin、CD5均阴性;梭形细胞vimentin弥漫阳性,CKpan、CK5/6、p63均阴性;间质小淋巴细胞CD3、CD5、CD20均阳性;TDT、CD1a、CD34、S-100、actin、Calretinin、D2-40等均阴性。原位杂交EBV呈阴性。结论 MT是一种极为罕见的交界性胸腺肿瘤,掌握其独特的组织学及免疫表型特征易于诊断和鉴别诊断,预后较好。     

肝原发血管肉瘤临床及病理学特点分析

目的 探讨肝原发性血管肉瘤的临床病理特点并复习相关文献.方法 搜集并分析解放军总医院病理科1988至2012年诊断的20例肝原发性血管肉瘤患者的临床表现、肿瘤病理形态特征及免疫表型特点(CD34、CD31、第八因子相关抗原、CK、GPC-3、Hepatocyte、波形蛋白、PTEN、结蛋白、CD117、Ki-67)等并进行随访.结果 20例患者中,男性11例,女性9例,平均年龄53.2岁(7～86岁),肿瘤发生部位:肝右叶11例,肝左叶6例,左右叶弥漫生长3例.大体观察:肿瘤组织呈暗红色,蜂窝状,伴出血坏死.镜下观察:形态多样,有海绵状血管瘤样、上皮样血管内皮细胞瘤样改变,移植肝复发肿瘤与肝原发肿瘤形态有差别,但均能找到较特异的血管肉瘤诊断特征.免疫组织化学染色显示肿瘤组织至少表达CD31、CD34、第八因子相关抗原中的1项,波形蛋白表达均为弥漫阳性(20/20),10例PTEN低表达(10/20),Ki-67阳性指数均大于10％,最高达60％.1例CK表达阳性(1/20),结蛋白、CD117、Hepatocyte及GPC-3均为阴性.结论 原发性肝血管肉瘤是一种罕见的预后很差的恶性肿瘤,结合组织学形态并联合应用多项血管内皮标志物可作出明确诊断.     

微结节性胸腺瘤伴淋巴样间质3例临床病理观察

目的:探讨微结节性胸腺瘤伴淋巴样间质(micronodular thymoma with lymphoid stroma,MNT)的临床病理特征.方法:通过组织学和免疫组织化学方法观察3例MNT,研究其临床病理特征,并复习文献.结果:肿瘤有纤维性假包膜,肿块内见多发性散在或局部融合的上皮性结节,由丰富淋巴细胞间质分隔,其中可见淋巴滤泡形成.上皮性结节由温和的细长形或卵圆形细胞组成,核仁不明显,结节内淋巴细胞稀少.免疫组织化学:上皮性结节内上皮细胞CKpan,CK5/6,CK19,CK8/18均阳性,Ki67约2%阳性,CD20,EMA阴性;间隔内淋巴细胞CD20,CD3,CD5,CD99,TdT均灶区阳性,p53,CD1α均散在阳性;淋巴细胞背景内CK5/6,C8/18,EMA均阴性.结论:MNT是一种罕见的胸腺肿瘤,目前WHO归于交界性,有特殊的发病部位和形态学表现,组织学及免疫组织化学有助于该肿瘤的诊断和鉴别诊断.     

肺原发性骨外尤因肉瘤1例并文献复习

目的探讨骨外尤因肉瘤(Ewing’s sarcoma, EWS)的临床病理特征、组织学形态、免疫表型、诊断及鉴别诊断。方法采用免疫组化MaxVision两步法检测NKX2.2、CD99、CD56、ALK、Cyclin D1、CK(AE1/AE3)、BCL-2等的表达,分析EWS临床病理特征并进行相关文献复习。结果组织学形态示肺组织原有结构被破坏,肿瘤细胞于间质内弥散性生长,细胞体积较小,呈圆形或卵圆形,染色质较细腻,核仁不明显,核分裂可见,胞质稀少,部分细胞围血管呈假菊形团样生长。免疫表型:肿瘤细胞CD99、NKX2.2均弥漫阳性,CD56、ALK、Cyclin D1均阳性,CK(AE1/AE3)、BCL-2、BCL-6、CD15、CD20、CD3、CD30、CD5、EMA、PAX5、TTF-1、CD117、TdT均阴性,EBER原位杂交呈阴性,Ki-67增殖指数约80%,FISH检测示EWRS1基因重排。结论肺原发的EWS临床少见,诊断较为困难,预后差。     

伴淋巴样间质的微结节型胸腺瘤2例临床病理分析

目的探讨伴淋巴样间质的微结节型胸腺瘤的临床病理学特征及鉴别诊断。方法回顾性分析2例伴淋巴样间质的微结节型胸腺瘤的临床资料、病理特征、免疫表型及预后,并复习相关文献。结果男女性各1例,年龄分别为58、66岁;2例患者均为体检时发现,影像学提示为前纵隔占位。镜检:2例肿瘤低倍镜下境界清楚,有完整的包膜,其中1例可见包膜侵犯,肿瘤实性区内见上皮样肿瘤细胞呈微结节状分布,无明显异型性及核分裂象,肿瘤间质为大量的淋巴细胞,部分区域可见滤泡结构形成或有生发中心出现。免疫表型:上皮样肿瘤细胞CKpan、CK19、p63、CK5/6均阳性,EMA阴性,上皮样细胞巢内可见散在CD1α和S-100阳性的朗格汉斯细胞;淋巴滤泡主要为CD20和Pax-5阳性的B淋巴细胞,CD3和CD8阳性的T淋巴细胞分布在淋巴滤泡周围;围绕着上皮样细胞结节周围可见TdT阳性的未成熟胸腺T淋巴细胞。结论伴淋巴样间质的微结节型胸腺瘤临床罕见,大多数预后较好,其诊断主要依靠组织学形态;肿瘤间质淋巴样组织的增生与朗格汉斯细胞有关;免疫组化标记CD20、TdT分别表达在淋巴滤泡和未成熟的T淋巴细胞中,其有助于鉴别诊断。     

肾集合管癌的临床病理分析

目的 观察肾集合管癌的临床病理特点,探讨其病理诊断与鉴别诊断.方法 对2例肾集合管癌的临床特点、病理学检查进行观察,采用免疫组化EnVision法检查CK7、CK19、CK20、34βE12、vimentin、CD10、P504S、E-cadherin的表达.并选择9例Ⅱ型、核分级为Ⅲ级的乳头状肾细胞癌、6例伴广泛肾实质侵犯的肾盂高级别尿路上皮癌与肾集合管癌进行形态学与免疫表型的比较.结果 肾集合管癌占同期上皮性肿瘤的0.66%,血尿为主要临床表现,1例患者术后3月死于肺转移.肿瘤均位于肾髓质,以管状结构为主,伴有肉瘤样分化,广泛侵犯肾实质,间质纤维化及中性粒细胞反应,周围集合管可见异型增生;免疫组化CK19及vimentin( ,2/2)、CK7及34βE12( ,1/2),CK20、CD10、P504S、E-cadherin均阴性.Ⅱ型乳头状肾细胞癌、尿路上皮癌未见集合管上皮异型增生;乳头状肾细胞癌表达vimentin( ,8/9)、CD10及P504S( ,7/9)、CK7( ,3/9)、CK19( ,1/9),34βE12、E-cadherin、CK20均阴性;尿路上皮癌CK7、CK19、34βE12均( ,6/6),E-cadherin( ,5/6),CK20( ,4/6),CD10、p504s、vimentin均阴性.结论 集合管癌是一种少见、高度恶性的肾上皮性肿瘤,形态和免疫表型多样化.灰白色肿块位于髓质、周围集合管上皮异型增生,无肾盂尿路上皮异型增生及原位癌存在可与乳头状肾细胞癌、尿路上皮癌鉴别.CD10、CK19、34βE12、P504S 、E-cadherin的染色有助于鉴别诊断.     

4例胃肠道血管周上皮样细胞肿瘤临床病理学分析

目的 探讨胃肠道血管周上皮样细胞肿瘤(perivasculaRepithelioid cell tumor,PEComa)的临床及病理学特点.方法 回顾性复习4例胃肠道原发血管周上皮样细胞肿瘤的病理切片及临床资料,选取典型蜡块做相关的免疫组化染色,抗体包括黑色素相关抗原HMB45、melan-A、肌源性标记抗原SMA、desmin,以及vimentin、CgA、CK、S-100、CD117、CD34.结果 4例PEComas中男性3例,女性1例,年龄分别为36、38、42及45岁.其中2例位于升结肠,1例位于降结肠,1例位于乙状结肠.肿瘤大小4.5～10 cm,境界清楚,切面灰白色,质地均匀,局部可见出血.镜检:肿瘤细胞呈上皮样排列,细胞质丰富,透亮或嗜酸性颗粒状,细胞核空泡状,有明显的核仁,间质富于毛细血管、血窦以及厚壁血管.细胞异型性小,个别病例局部可见轻～中度异型性,分裂象0～3个/10 HPF.免疫组化结果 :肿瘤弥漫表达HMB45(4/4),弥漫或片状表达vimentin(4/4)、SMA(4/4)以及desmin(3/4).CgA、Syn、CK、S-100、CD117、CD10及CD34均阴性.4例患者行局部肠管及肿瘤切除,术后随访8、15、32及36个月均无复发和肿瘤转移.结论 胃肠道PEComa少见,为低度恶性潜能肿瘤,形态类似于软组织和其他部位的同类肿瘤,手术切除为首选治疗.     

双侧睾丸精母细胞性精原细胞瘤1例并文献复习

目的 探讨睾丸精母细胞性精原细胞瘤(spermatocytic seminoma,SS)的临床病理学特征、诊断及鉴别诊断、治疗及预后.方法 对1例双侧睾丸SS组织行EnVision两步法免疫组化染色,并复习相关文献.结果 双侧睾丸肿瘤呈无痛性缓慢生长,组织学上肿瘤边界清楚,包膜完整,肿瘤细胞弥漫分布,黏附性差,由3种类型细胞组成,缺少淋巴细胞浸润及间质肉芽肿反应.免疫表型:肿瘤细胞CD99、CD117、BCL-2阳性,CK、CD3、CD7、CD20、CD30、inhibin、PLAP、CK18均阴性,Ki-67增殖指数为50%.结论 SS是一种罕见的睾丸肿瘤,与经典性精原细胞瘤的临床及病理特点均不同,好发于老人,双侧发生者更为罕见.其与经典性精原细胞瘤、胚胎性癌和淋巴瘤鉴别非常重要,单纯睾丸切除后不需进一步治疗,预后良好.     

乳腺叶状肿瘤内癌1例临床病理观察

目的探讨乳腺叶状肿瘤内癌的临床病理学特征。方法回顾1例乳腺叶状肿瘤内癌的临床资料、病理学特征及免疫表型,并复习相关文献。结果结合患者30余年前乳腺交界性叶状肿瘤伴导管原位癌病史,对新发的纵隔肿瘤进行免疫组化标记:vimentin弥漫阳性,desmin、p53局灶阳性,Ki-67增殖指数约40%,CK、CK7、CD34、S-100、Myogenin、CK5/6、p63、EMA、SMA、CD117、BCL-2均阴性。结论乳腺叶状肿瘤内癌发病率低,形态特点为叶状肿瘤的背景伴发原位癌或浸润癌,再次复发时可能上皮成分较少或无。诊断时一定要结合原发肿瘤形态,避免误诊。     

乳腺上皮样型管周间质肉瘤病理特征及与叶状肿瘤比较观察

目的 探讨乳腺上皮样型管周间质肉瘤的临床病理特点及与叶状肿瘤的关系。方法 采用HE、特殊染色、免疫组化染色(CK，EMA，S-100蛋白，SMA，Vim，Des，MG，CD34，CD99，CD117，PR，HMB45)对1例乳腺上皮样型管周间质肉瘤与5例叶状肿瘤(良性、交界性各1例，恶性3例)做比较性观察。结果 乳腺管周间质肉瘤(上皮样型)有独特的镜下图像：①显著的多角形(上皮样)细胞绕导管或小管的上皮肌上皮层呈间质性增生，无叶状结构；②组织学模式有袖套状、花冠状、菊形团状、结节状、融合结节状和片状浸润；③瘤细胞形态有：多角形(大、小)、柱状和梭形。多角形细胞呈上皮样形态，异型明显，核分裂象多见(10～30个／10HPF，个别区域达6个／1HPF)，病理性核分裂象易见，在浸润灶内见肿瘤性坏死；④瘤细胞Vim弥漫阳性、EMA灶性阳性、CD99和CD117灶性弱阳性、CD34少数阳性，CK、SMA、S-100蛋白、Des、MG、PR、HMB45均阴性。5例叶状肿瘤均具备叶状结构、间质过度增生、细胞密集(异质性分布)、核分裂象2～10个／10HPF等诊断要素。在3例恶性叶状肿瘤中，2例有极少的上皮样袖套状病灶，2例有梭形细胞袖套状病灶。结论 乳腺上皮样型管周间质肉瘤是一种极罕见的恶性纤维上皮肿瘤亚型，它可能是恶性叶状肿瘤的最早期病变，也可能是一种独特的类型。     

Pigmented adenoid cystic carcinoma of the ear skin arising from the epidermis: a case report with immunohistochemical studies

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) in the skin is very rare; only about 60 cases have been reported. Herein presented is a case of pigmented ACC arising from epidermis of the ear skin. An 85-year-old man presented black tumor of the right ear. Dermatologists' diagnosis was basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Large biopsy was obtained. The biopsy showed proliferation of atypical basaloid cells arranged in a cribriform pattern. The tumor cells were continuous with epidermis, as if it arose from the epidermis. Focal areas show melanin deposition in the tumor cells. Mucin stains showed that the tumor cells and tubular lumens contained acidic mucin. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin (CK) AE1/3, CK34BE12, CK5/6, CK7, CK14, p63, alpha-smooth muscle actin (ASMA), S100 protein, p53, Ki-67 (labeling 85%), KIT, PDGFRA and CD56. The tumor cells were negative for CK CAM5.2, CK8, CK18, CK19, CK20, EMA, desmin, CEA, HMB45, CD10, CD34, neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin, synaptophysin, CDX2, MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC and MUC6. HMB-positive and S100-positive melanocytes were seen in a very few areas. Since characteristic cribriform pattern was recognized in the tumor and the tumor showed epithelial markers, myoepithelial markers (CD14, p63, ASMA, S100 protein) and KIT, the pathological diagnosis of ACC was made. No distant and lymph node metastasis is now seen. The patient will be treated by complete resection. The present cutaneous ACC was unique in that the ACC arose from the epidermis, had melanin pigment, and occurred in ear skin.     

Microcystic adnexal carcinoma: an immunohistochemical reappraisal.

Even though immunohistochemical comparisons of microcystic adnexal carcinoma vs infiltrative basal cell carcinoma and desmoplastic trichoepithelioma exist, they are mostly restricted to the use of a single stain. In addition, a comparison with squamous cell carcinoma has not been reported previously. In this study, we compare the expression of cytokeratin (CK) 15, CK7, CK20, CK903, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CD10, CD15 and BerEP4 in 13 microcystic adnexal carcinoma, eight desmoplastic trichoepithelioma, 10 infiltrative basal cell carcinoma, and eight squamous cell carcinoma of which five exhibited ductal differentiation. We found that the majority of microcystic adnexal carcinoma (92%) and desmoplastic trichoepithelioma (100%) cases expressed CK15 while the infiltrative basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma cases were all negative. Forty percent of infiltrative basal cell carcinoma expressed CK7; while only two microcystic adnexal carcinoma cases (15%) and one squamous cell carcinoma with ductal differentiation (12%) expressed CK7 in the remaining three tumor categories. None of the desmoplastic trichoepithelioma expressed CK7. All tumors were strongly positive for CK903. While the neoplastic cells were negative, luminal staining of ductal structures was noted for CK7, CD15 and CEA in some of the microcystic adnexal carcinoma, desmoplastic trichoepithelioma and squamous cell carcinoma with ductal differentiation cases. Sixty percent of infiltrative basal cell carcinoma, 31% of microcystic adnexal carcinoma, and 25% of squamous cell carcinoma express CD10. BerEP4 expression was noted in 38% of microcystic adnexal carcinoma, 57% of desmoplastic trichoepithelioma, 100% of infiltrative basal cell carcinoma, and 38% of squamous cell carcinoma. In conclusion, we found CK15 to be a useful marker in distinguishing microcystic adnexal carcinoma from infiltrative basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma with ductal differentiation. Our experience indicates that microcystic adnexal carcinoma and desmoplastic trichoepithelioma have a similar immunohistochemical profile that is, CK15+ and BerEP4+/-; thus, additional studies are needed to separate these two entities.     

眼睑基底细胞癌与睑板腺癌的临床病理学对比观察

目的 观察眼睑基底细胞癌(basal cell carcinoma,BCC)和睑板腺癌(sebaceous carcinoma,SC)临床病理学特点的异同,提高诊断及鉴别诊断水平.方法 取发生于眼睑的BCC和SC各50例,进行临床、病理形态观察及免疫组织化学染色(CK5/6,CK7、CKS/18,p53,Ki-67).结果 BCC男性多于女性,好发于下眼睑及内眦(44例,88%),细胞较小,核分裂象少见,部分向皮脂腺、汗腺以及毛囊分化;SC女性多于男性,好发于上眼睑(36例,72%),细胞较大,有不同程度的皮脂腺分化,核分裂象易见,可向鳞状细胞、基底样细胞、腺样或梭形细胞分化;BCC组CK5/6强阳性(50/50),CK8/18均阴性(0/50),CK7大部分阴性(38/50),p53大部分阴性(31/50),Ki-67大部分为弱阳性(39/50);SC组CK5/6大部阳性表达(44/50),CK7、CK8/18均有阳性表达,p53大部分阳性(32/50),Ki-67半数以上强阳性(27/50);两组免疫组织化学染色差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),向皮脂腺分化的BCC其CK5/6强阳性,CK7、CK8/18阴性,向基底细胞分化的SC其CK5/6强阳性,但CK7、CK8/18亦阳性.结论 眼睑BCC和Sc在多数情况下根据临床及组织学形态即可诊断,当两者鉴别有困难时,免疫组织化学染色CK5/6、CK7、CK8/18、p53、Ki-67有助于鉴别诊断.     

胰腺实体-假乳头状肿瘤32例临床病理分析及TFE3表达的诊断价值

目的 探讨胰腺实性-假乳头状肿瘤(solid-pseudopapillary neoplasms,SPN)的临床病理特征及转录因子E3(transcrip-tion factor E3,TFE3)表达在诊断中的价值.方法 采用免疫组化法检测32例胰腺SPN中TFE3、β-catenin、CD10、CK、vimen-ti...     

Mucinous tubular and spindle-cell carcinoma of the kidney

4 cases (2 males and 2 females) of mucinous tubular and spindle-cell carcinoma of the kidney were studied. The patients' age was 43 to 87 years. Microscopically, this tumor comprised two major cell populations. One of them involved spindle cells with a sparse cytoplasm, which were arranged in the fascicular pattern, often resembling low-grade smooth muscle tumors. The other population was small cuboidal cells with round nuclei and an eosinophilic cytoplasm. The mitotic activity was low. Only one tumor had both cell components. The other three tumors were represented by the second type cells. Immunohistochemical staining with avidin-biotin was performed by using cytokeratin, vimentin, SMA, p53, Bcl 2, EMA, and CD10. All cases were stained positively with antibodies to the cytokeratins AE1-AE2 and vimentin. The expression of EMA, Bcl 2, and CK7 was varying in different tumors. Responses to smooth muscle actin, p53, CK20, and CD10 were negative in all cases. Mucinous tubular and spindle-cell carcinoma of the kidney should be differentiated from angiomyolipoma with the preponderance of a leiomyomatous component, renal smooth muscle neoplasms, metanephrotic adenoma, and renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation.     

肝细胞性淋巴上皮瘤样癌3例及文献复习

目的探讨肝细胞性淋巴上皮瘤样癌的临床病理学特点。方法通过HE、免疫组化染色对3例肝组织中肝细胞性淋巴上皮瘤样癌进行形态学观察。结果瘤细胞异型明显,呈小灶状分布,细胞呈多边形,核居中央,有一清楚核仁,细胞质丰富,嗜酸性,可见细小颗粒,易见核分裂象。肿瘤间质内见大量成熟的淋巴细胞浸润,且分散在瘤细胞之间。3例中肿瘤细胞CK7、Hepatocyte、EB（-）,CK8、AFP（＋）,而间质中淋巴细胞CIM5（＋）、小B淋巴细胞CD20（＋）、小T淋巴细胞CD45RO（＋）。结论肝细胞性淋巴上皮瘤样癌是一种少见的肝上皮源性恶性肿瘤,其诊断主要依靠组织病理学和免疫组化标记。     

Amphiregulin overexpression results in rapidly growing keratinocytic tumors: an in vivo xenograft model of keratoacanthoma

Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a variant of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) known for rapid growth and potential for involution. Little is known about the basis for the rapid growth because of the dearth of model systems. We hypothesized that amphiregulin (AR), a keratinocyte autocrine growth factor, had a significant role. Using immunohistochemistry, we compared 21 KA, 6 conventional SCC, and 6 basal cell carcinomas (BCC) for AR expression. All KA were positive for AR, the majority with strong immunoreactivity. The SCC were positive (5 of 6), with generally weak staining; no BCC were positive. We developed laboratory model systems to study AR overexpression in keratinocytes and its role in the pathogenesis of KA. A retroviral transduction strategy was used to overexpress AR in the HaCaT keratinocyte-like cell line. The AR overexpressing cells (HaCaT-AR) displayed autonomous proliferation in serum-free media when compared with controls (HaCaT-NIE). To develop an in vivo model, xenografts of HaCaT-AR and HaCaT-NIE were grown on SCID mice. The HaCaT-NIE cells formed thin tumors resembling conventional SCC. The HaCaT-AR cells formed rapidly growing tumors with AR expression similar to KA. HaCaT-AR cells may represent a new system for the further evaluation of KA.     

Fine needle aspiration biopsy of renal mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma: Report of two cases

Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC) is a rare renal tumor. Here we report two cases of MTSCC which were initially evaluated by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and followed by surgical resection of the tumors. The cytomorphologic features of MTSCC were characterized by aggregates of relatively uniform, predominantly oval to spindle cells intermixed with abundant metachromatic myxoid matrix. Only rare epithelioid tumor cells with vacuolated cytoplasm were present. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for CK7, CK19, CD10, vimentin, E‐cadherin, alpha‐methyl CoA racemase, and negative for CK903 and CK20. EMA and carbonic anhydrase IX immunoreactivity was seen in one of the two cases. Multiple chromosomal losses involving chromosomes 1, 2, 17 and likely chromosome 7 were revealed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). These cytomorphologic, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic features were helpful for including this entity in the differential diagnosis of renal cell carcinomas. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

纵隔芯针活检的病理诊断

目的 提高纵隔芯针穿刺组织的诊断准确性并做出具体分类。方法 用光镜、免疫组织化学抗生物素蛋白-生物素复合物法(ABC法)回顾性观察65例纵隔穿刺组织的形态和免疫组织化学表型,利用聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测部分非霍奇金淋巴瘤的基因重排状况,并随访。结果 本组标本镜下主要由不同比例的上皮样细胞、淋巴样细胞和纤维组织组成,包括21例淋巴瘤、20例肺癌、14例胸腺瘤、4例胸腺癌、3例精原细胞瘤、1例慢性炎症。2例因穿刺组织过少,无法诊断。本组淋巴瘤依不同类型可表达CD20、CD3、末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶(TDT)、CD30、D15或上皮膜抗原(EMA);除3例肺小细胞癌细胞角蛋白(CK)阴性外,17例肺癌均表达CK;10例肺和1例胸腺小细胞癌突触素、嗜铬粒素A(CgA)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)均阳性,CD5阴性;3例肺腺癌甲状腺转录因子阳性,CD5阴性;14例胸腺瘤CK、CD3或CD20可阳性;3例胸腺癌表达CK和CD5;3例精原细胞瘤胎盘碱性磷酸酶阳性、CK阴性。5例淋巴母细胞性淋巴瘤T细胞型的T细胞受体B链的编码基因存在重排,3例大B细胞淋巴瘤和1例大细胞间变B细胞淋巴瘤存在免疫球蛋白重链编码基因的重排。结论 纵隔穿刺组织的镜下诊断需结合临床和影像资料,选择适当的免疫组织化学套餐,才能提高确诊率,并可对有疑问的非霍奇金淋巴瘤病例进行克隆性分析。