Ovarian tumours: a study of 282 cases

Histologically 282 ovarian tumours were studied, of these 212 (75.2%) were benign, 8 (2.8%) of borderline malignancy and 62 (21.9%) were malignant. The tumours were classified according to WHO classification. Epithelial tumours were the commonest variety constituting 70.9% of all the ovarian tumours followed by germ cell tumours (21.2%), sex cord stromal tumours (6.7%) and metastatic tumours (0.7%). Among the individual tumours, serous tumours (42.9%) were the commonest, followed by mucinous tumours (25.5%), teratomas (17%), granulosa cell tumours (6.7%), dysgerminomas (2.48%) and endodermal sinus tumours (1.77%). Two cases (0.7%) of endometrioid carcinomas and one case (0.35%) of clear cell carcinoma were encountered. Ovarian tumours were found to occur in the age range of 8 months to 74 years. Peak incidence was between 21 and 40 years age group.     

Parotid swellings: report of 110 consecutive cases

Parotid swellings are uncommon. Over a twelve-year period, 110 cases of parotid swellings were treated at the Department of Plastic Surgery, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, of which 97 cases were histologically proven to be parotid tumours. 75% of these tumours were benign tumours, and 80% of the benign tumours were pleomorphic adenomas. Among the malignant tumours, 6 cases were adenoid cystic carcinoma and 5 were carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma. There were equal number of male to female patients, with an age range of 14 to 83 years. There is a positive correlation between the final histological diagnosis and FNAC results in 74% of cases. Surgical treatment of choice for benign parotid tumours was near-total parotidectomy whilst for malignant tumours was total radical parotidectomy with sural nerve graft.     

Maxillary sinus tumours--a review of twenty-nine patients treated by maxillectomy approach

A retrospective data of 29 patients who underwent various types of maxillectomy from January 1998 till January 2004 in UKM hospital were reviewed. There were 21 males (72%) and 8 females (28%) with mean age of 42 years. Malays were the majority of patients 17 (59%), Chinese 11 (38%) and Indian 1 (3%). Seventeen patients (59%) presented with malignant tumours while 12 patients (41%) with benign tumours. Inverted papilloma (50%) was the commonest benign tumour and squamous cell carcinoma (36%) was the commonest malignancy. Medial maxillectomy was performed in ten patients (35%), total maxillectomy in seven patients (24%), three patients (10%) had near total, three patients (10%) had partial maxillectomy and six patients (21%) underwent inferior maxillectomy.     

PAROTOID TUMOURS: A STUDY OF 65 CASES

Sixty five patients who had undergone surgery for parotid tumours over a period of nine years were studied retrospectively. There were 45 males and 20 females. There were 49 benign and 16 malignant tumours. Age ranged 35-69 years; mean 47 years. Pain (6%) and facial palsy (3%) were unusual features. Size of tumour at presentation varied from 1.5 to 12 cm. Superficial parotidectomy was the commonest operation performed and Total/Radical/Extended parotidectomy was done in selected cases. Postoperative radiotherapy was used in six cases. No recurrences were noted following surgery for benign tumours. However a local recurrence rate of 37% was found for malignancies (6/16 cases). This paper aims to review the experience of managing these tumours in the setting of service hospitals.KEY WORDS: Carcinoma parotid, Parotid tumour, Pleomorphic adenoma     

Clinically malignant scalp and underlying bone tumours diagnosed by aspiration cytology: a study of 121 cases.

Fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology was employed in 121 cases of clinically malignant scalp and underlying bone tumours from July 1984 to March 1991. The age of the patients ranged from 2 to 76 years. There were 48 benign cases and 73 malignant lesions. The cytological findings correlated with histopathological analysis except in 5 cases in benign tumours (diagnostic accuracy being 89.6%) and in 5 cases in malignant tumours (diagnostic accuracy being 93.2%). The clinical history, the radiological parameters and the cytological analysis helped to avoid false positive report. No complication was encountered in this procedure.     

Colorectal neoplasms: a retrospective study

A total of 254 cases of colorectal neoplasms were studied. A male predominance was noted with both benign and malignant neoplasms (M:F of 4.6:1 and 1.1:1 respectively). The peak incidence was in the fifth decade. The rectum was the commonest site for both benign and malignant neoplasms (75% and 63% respectively) followed by the sigmoid colon (11% and 16% respectively). Right-sided cancers presented commonly as fungating masses (74%) while left sided cancers were predominantly of the ulcerating/infiltrating pattern (81%). The commonest benign neoplasm was tubular adenoma (39%) while the commonest malignant neoplasm was adenocarcinoma (90%) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (4%). Advanced stage on presentation was noted with these cancers, especially the mucinous adenocarcinoma variant. This may be explained by the usual late presentation of patients to orthodox doctors in our environment.     

Histopathology of orbito-ocular diseases seen at University of Benin Teaching Hospital,Benin City

Ninety-three biopsied lesions of the orbito-ocular region seen over a fifteen year period at the Pathology department of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) Benin City were reviewed. The aim was to determine the morphological patterns and the age, sex and site distribution of these lesions. Majority of the lesions (43.3%) were found in children less than 15 years of age. There was no difference in frequency between the two sexes. 41.9% of the lesions were malignant while 58.1% were benign. The commonest site of orbito ocular lesions was conjunctival (55.9%), followed by intraocular lesions (24.7%). About 50% of the lesions of the orbit were inflammatory pseudotumours. Inflammatory pseudotumours also formed the majority (33.3%) of the lesions in the eyelid. However, squamous cell carcinomas were the commonest lesions of the conjunctiva seen accounting for 25% of these. Retinoblastomas formed 95.7% of the intra-ocular tumours seen.     

肝脏少见原发性间叶性肿瘤101例的临床病理研究

目的：研究肝脏少见原发性良、恶性间叶性肿瘤的临床病理特点以提高病理诊断的准确性。方法：回顾性分析于1982年1月至2002年12月间经手术切除、组织病理和免疫病理诊断证实的原发性间叶性肿瘤共性18种101例（不包括肝海绵状血管瘤）。结果：肝良性间叶性肿瘤有7种48例，占47.5%(48/101)，男女之比为1：1.8，平均31.2岁；以肝血管平滑肌脂肪瘤最为常见，占70.8%(34/48)；该组患者术后至今全部生存，无1例复发。肝恶性间叶性肿瘤有11种53例，占52.5%（53/101），男女之比为1.2:1，平均44.1岁；其中最常见者为肝淋巴瘤[20.8%(11/53)]，全部见于男性，且63.6%(7/11)的患者有HBV感染史，2例合并肝细胞癌；该组患者术后2年和3年生存率分别为61.9%(13/21）和33.3%(7/21)。结论：肝脏可以原发大部分类型的软组织肿瘤，良、恶性肿瘤患者之间的性别和年龄分布有所不同，值得在诊断时参考。在做出病理诊断之前必须结合临床排除转移；鉴别诊断应首先排队肝细胞癌与肝内胆管癌的梭形细胞型或局部内瘤样化等变异类型；科学、合理地使用免疫组化染色谱具有重要的诊断和鉴别诊断价值。     

Pattern of malignancy in clinically solitary thyroid nodule

Solitary thyroid nodule (STN) is a common thyroid disorder. Clinically recognized thyroid carcinoma constitutes less than 1% of human malignant tumours. The risk of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule is greater than other thyroid swelling. The risk of malignancy in generalized thyroid swelling is about 3% and in solitary thyroid nodule it is about 15%. This study was carried out in Surgery and ENT Department, Mymensingh Medical college Hospital from November 2008 to October 2009 to see pattern of malignancy in clinically solitary thyroid nodule. Total 108 patients of STN was included in this study, majority of the patients were within 20-39 years age group with female predominance. In addition to thyroid swelling some patients presented with other symptoms like cervical lymphadenopathy in 6(5.56%), dysphagia 2(1.85%), hoarseness of voice 2(1.85%) and metastatic lesion in bone 1(0.92%) cases. Among 108 cases of solitary thyroid nodule only 19 cases were malignant. Patients with malignant lesion presented with shorter duration of symptoms. Out of 19 malignant cases 6(31.58%) cases presented with features of metastasis. Malignancy was more predominant in male (25.00%) than the female (14.47%) in STN. Out of 19 malignant cases, 12(63.16%) were papillary carcinoma, 5(26.31%) were follicular carcinoma and 2(10.53%) cases were medullary carcinoma. Study showed significant difference (p<0.01) between papillary & follicular carcinoma and significant difference (p<0.001) between papillary & medullary carcinoma. Papillary carcinoma was most common among all thyroid malignancies in patients with solitary thyroid nodule.     

立体定位法对乳腺微小病灶的治疗意义

目的介绍钼靶片引导下立体穿刺定位,美蓝标记加小手术活检方法。方法153例乳腺微小病变患者接受术前钼靶片引导下立体穿刺定位,美蓝标记加手术活检。其中93例微小钙化,60例可疑肿块和局部结构紊乱。将标本进行钼靶摄片,确认病灶取下。如病理结果为良性病灶,则随访。如为恶性病灶,则作进一步处理。结果153例中,恶性病灶113例(73．9％),其中浸润性导管癌和小叶癌62例(40．5％),原位癌23例(15％),粉刺样癌21例(13．7％),筛状癌4例(2．7％),粉刺样癌21例(13．7％),筛状癌4例(2．7％),微小乳头状癌3例(2％);良性病灶40例(26．1％),其中13例是非典型导管增生。112例(73．2％)手术完全切除,切缘阴性。结论钼靶片引导下立体穿刺定位,美蓝标记乳腺可疑病灶和微小钙化加手术活检方法是一种有效而安全的方法。对于无肿块型可疑病灶,该方法可作为常规检查。     

低剂量超声造影联合血清microRNA-1469水平在肝脏肿瘤良恶性诊断中的应用

目的 分析肝脏良性恶肿瘤诊断中低剂量超声造影与血清微小RNA-1469联合使用的价值。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月—2020年1月在郑州市第七人民医院就诊的103例肝脏肿瘤患者的临床资料,按照肿瘤良恶性分为良性肿瘤组（50例）与恶性肿瘤组（53例）。所有患者于入院时进行低剂量超声造影检查,并检测血清miR-1469水平,评价低剂量超声造影联合血清miR-1469对肝脏肿瘤良恶性的诊断价值。结果 良性肿瘤组超声造影的峰值强度[（127.84±14.59）dB]低于恶性肿瘤组[（186.36±18.14）dB,P<0.05],超声造影的达峰时间[（60.28±6.52）s]高于恶性肿瘤组[（40.75±4.87）s,P<0.05],血清miR-1469表达量（5.74±0.62）高于恶性肿瘤组（0.82±0.08,P<0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示,超声造影峰值强度和达峰时间分别以155.32 dB、42.34 s为最佳截断点,诊断肝脏恶性肿瘤的AUC分别为0.791、0.801,达峰时间的AUC更高;miR-1469诊断肝脏恶性肿瘤的最佳截断点为0.88;超声造影与m...     

Fibreoptic bronchoscopy--a Malaysian experience

Two hundred and ninety-three bronchoscopies were done for 285 patients (78% males, 22% females) at Hospital University Sains Malaysia between 1984 and 1988. The mean age was 56.4 years (range 13 to 90 years). 70.2% of patients underwent bronchoscopies to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of carcinoma of the bronchus, out of which 58% were confirmed to have bronchial carcinoma. 77% of the 98 patients with visible endobronchial tumours had biopsy specimens diagnostic of malignancy. Brushing and washing cytology increased the positive yield to 92%. The commonest histological type of bronchial carcinoma identified was squamous cell carcinoma (48.1%), followed by small cell carcinoma (27.1%), anaplastic/undifferentiated carcinoma (12.9%), adenocarcinoma (9.4%) and large cell carcinoma (2.4%). Bronchoscopy for the investigation of haemoptysis identified the commonest cause as 'bronchitis'. There were no complications noted in our series. Notable differences of our experience compared to that of the western series were the high percentage of bronchoscopy done for infective respiratory disorders and the younger age of our patients.     

腮腺微小肿瘤的临床病理研究

目的: 探讨直径≤20 mm的体积微小的腮腺肿瘤临床病理特点,为临床诊疗提供参考依据。方法: 选择2012年12月至2020年4月于北京大学口腔医院口腔颌面外科手术治疗的腮腺肿瘤患者,收集术前CT检查肿瘤直径≤20 mm的患者相关临床资料,根据肿瘤直径大小分为直径11~20 mm组与直径≤10 mm组,对两组进行临床随访,比较一般情况、临床病理特点及预后。结果: 共收集原发性上皮性腮腺肿瘤患者2 067例,其中肿瘤直径≤20 mm者有685例(33.1%),男女性别比例为1 ∶1.93,平均年龄(45.3±13.8)岁(12~83岁),中位病程12个月(1周至30年)。685例中良性肿瘤635例(92.7%), 恶性肿瘤50例(7.3%),良恶性比例为12.7 ∶1;最常见的良性肿瘤为多形性腺瘤,最常见的恶性肿瘤为黏液表皮样癌。肿瘤直径≤10 mm的患者有74例,占肿瘤直径≤20 mm患者的10.8%(74/685)。肿瘤直径11~20 mm组(n=611)和≤10 mm组(n=74)患者的一般情况及病理学分型比较提示,两组在性别、年龄、病程上差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。直径11~20 mm组患者良性肿瘤占92.8%(567/611), 恶性肿瘤占7.2%(44/611), 良恶性比例为12.9 ∶1;直径≤10 mm组良性肿瘤占91.9%(68/74), 恶性肿瘤占8.1%(6/74),良恶性比例为11.3 ∶1,两者间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对50例恶性肿瘤患者进行临床随访,中位随访时间为39.5个月(1~91个月),有2例患者局部复发,其中1例死亡,总体2年生存率为93.7%, 5年生存率为89.3%。结论: 直径≤20 mm的体积微小的腮腺肿瘤以良性多见,手术是主要治疗手段,其中的腮腺恶性肿瘤预后良好,应积极进行早期手术治疗。     

Histopathology based cancer pattern in Mymensingh region of Bangladesh

To our knowledge, population-based published data regarding the cancer profile in Mymensingh region of Bangladesh is not available. This study was designed to provide information regarding the frequencies of cancers through sample data retrieved from histopathology (surgical pathology) laboratory based cancer registry from two laboratories in Mymensingh. All malignant tumours recorded in 2006 in the register of pathology laboratory of Mymensingh Medical College and one private pathology laboratory in Mymensingh town were taken as sample data for analysis in terms of age groups, gender and types of cancer with relation to site. A total of 470 cases diagnosed as cancer were found in the register, of which males were 249(53%) and females were 221(47%) with male to female ratio 1.2: 1. Highest numbers of cases were found in the age group of 51-60 years. In male group frequency of malignant tumours was found in the age group of 51-60 years and the female group it is 41-50 years. Top five sites of cancer, irrespective of sex, were of stomach, uterine cervix, colo-rectum, lymph nodes and breast. According to decreasing order of frequency, in the males, the top five cancers were of stomach, lymph node, oesophagus, urinary bladder and colo-rectum. In the female groups these were of uterine cervix, breast, ovary, colo-rectum and stomach. Cancer cases in the age group of 51-60 years were significantly higher in males than in females (p<0.001). The commonest cancers in males and females were of stomach and cervix, respectively. As the analysis was based only on surgical specimens, the exact incidence of cancer of lung and liver could not be evaluated. Because, majorities of the malignancies in these organs are diagnosed mainly on cytological examination. Population-based cancer registry should be maintained to explore the exact patterns of cancer in the study region. Cervical cancer screening program and eradication of H. pylori infection program may be helpful for the reduction of incidence of cancer in this region.     

Cytological patterns of thyroid lesions in Najran,Saudi Arabia: A 5-year retrospective study

Objectives:To assess the cytological pattern of thyroid lesions in Najran, Saudi Arabia.Methods:A retrospective study, from the period of January 2015 to December 2019. All patients with thyroid enlargement who were presented to different hospitals in Najran and assessed by fine needle aspiration cytology were included in this study.Results:Of 1353 cases, 1138 (84.1%) were female and 215 (15.9%) were male. Most of the thyroid lesions were benign (72.5%) including follicular nodules (39.5%), Hashimoto’s disease (21.2%), and colloid nodules (11.8%). There were 107 (7.9%)cases of suspicious malignancy, and the most common malignant tumor was papillary carcinoma (10.2%). The 2^nd age group (21-40 years) was the common age to be diagnosed with malignant tumors, particularly in males. The 3^rd age group (41-60 years) was most affected by thyroid lesions, particularly in females.Conclusion:Most of thyroid lesions in Najran were benign, and females were more affected by thyroid lesions than males. However, papillary carcinoma was the 4^th most frequent thyroid lesion in females, while it was the 2^nd most frequent in males and diagnosed mainly in younger males (21-40 years). Finally, ages 21-60 years were associated with most of the thyroid lesions in both males and females.     

甘肃省耳鼻咽喉恶性肿瘤统计学分析

目的 探讨甘肃省耳鼻咽喉恶性肿瘤20年间的发病情况。方法 收集全省地区级以上医院，部队医院以及大型厂矿医院1973年-1992年间经病理确诊的耳鼻咽喉恶性肿瘤1757例。结果 鼻腔及鼻窦恶性肿瘤537例（30.56%)。鼻咽部恶性肿瘤497例（28.28%)，喉部恶性肿瘤385例（21.91%)。口咽部恶性肿瘤181例（10.30%)。结论 1973年-1982年占36.5%,1983年-1992占63.5%。原发鼻窦及鼻腔占第一位，鼻咽占第二位，喉部占第三位，口咽占第四位，鳞癌占65.45%，汉族病员占94.77%，男性占68.69%。     

Sacrococcygeal teratomas in Lagos, Nigeria: relationship of age, sex, clinical type and histopathology to prognosis in 30 cases

From 1973 to 1986, 30 cases of sacrococcygeal teratomas were seen at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). 67% of the tumours were benign and 33% malignant. There were 25 girls and 5 boys. Majority of the benign cases were operated before the age of 3 months and all had types I & II lesions. All the patients with malignant tumours had significant presacral and endopelvic components; some of these presented clinically with urinary retention, constipation, inability to walk and neurologic deficit. Our surgical experience is compared with the reports from other centres both within and outside Africa.     

Gynaecological cytology screening in South Australia: a 23-year experience

The Cytology Laboratory at The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, processed 630,131 gynaecological smears from 347,389 patients between September 1, 1959 and July 31, 1982. The data suggested a lack of compliance with the recommendations of screening frequency, with an average of only 1.8 smear-tests per woman being performed during the 23-year study period. There was a two-fold increase in the incidence of histologically-confirmed cervical dysplasia and carcinoma-in-situ from 1977, but no increase in the incidence of invasive carcinoma. The age distributions of the incidence of dysplasia and carcinoma-in-situ moved towards younger age-groups during the study period. By the end of the study period (1977-1981), the incidence peaks of dysplasia and carcinoma-in-situ were both at ages 25 to 34 years compared with 30 to 39 years of age and 35 to 44 years of age, respectively, in 1962-1966. Invasive carcinoma had a much broader age distribution, with two incidence peaks, and the distribution shifted towards older age groups. The first peak had moved from 40 to 49 years of age (1962-1966) to 50 to 59 years of age (1977-1981) and the second peak moved from 60 to 69 years of age to 75 to 84 years of age. Error rates in cytological assessment were determined by comparing the histological diagnosis with the result of the most recent smear-test. By means of this method the sensitivity was 84.6%. The sensitivity was increased to 91.4% if the estimate were based on the most abnormal result of a smear-test before the histological diagnosis. A poor correlation was found between a mildly-atypical (inflammatory) cytological result (class 2) and a benign histological diagnosis: 48% of class-2 smears were diagnosed histologically as dysplasia or worse. In very few of these cases had an elapsed time of more than five years occurred between the class-2 result of a smear-test and the subsequent diagnosis of neoplasia. Thus, the majority of these cases were either underdiagnosed by cytology or had developed within five years, which indicates the importance of the careful follow-up of women with class-2 smears. Finally, the data illustrate the ability of gynaecological cytology screening to assist in the detection of extracervical gynaecological neoplasms of the uterus, ovary, vagina and vulva, as 132 such cases were diagnosed during the study period after positive results of a smear-test led to further investigations.     

Benign breast lesions in prepubertal female children--a study of 20 years

A clinicopathological study of benign breast lesions in prepubertal female children was done retrospectively for 20 years. Thirty-seven cases of benign breast lesions like fibroadenoma in 22 (59.5%) cases, juvenile fibroadenoma in 9 (24.2%) cases, virginal hypertrophy in 3 (8.1 %) cases, cystosarcoma phylloides, duct papilloma and tuberculosis of the breast in one (2.7%) case each were seen. The majority of the cases of breast lesions were from urban area ie, 34 (91 .9%) cases. The commonest age of occurrence of benign breast lesion was observed between 7.5 and 11.5 years. In 2 (5.4%) cases bilateral virginal hypertrophy was seen. The aim of presenting this paper is to study the occurrence of breast lesions in prepubertal age especially before menarche. In rare case even the possibility of malignancy has to be ruled out.