应用供者髂动脉行腹主动脉搭桥重建移植肝动脉的临床分析

目的探讨应用供者髂动脉行腹主动脉搭桥重建移植肝动脉对肝移植受者预后的影响。 方法回顾性分析中国医科大学附属第一医院2006年1月至2018年4月应用供者髂动脉行腹主动脉搭桥重建肝动脉的肝移植受者临床资料,观察其术后肝功能恢复情况及肝动脉血栓等并发症的发生情况,分析采用搭桥方式进行移植肝动脉重建的原因。 结果共纳入8例受者,其中1例存在脾动脉盗血综合征导致肝总动脉供血不足,3例肝总动脉纤细,4例肝总动脉壁薄弱或分层。重建后肝动脉平均血流为(315±178)mL/min。术后2例受者分别因肝脏流出道和胆管吻合口狭窄导致黄疸,其余受者移植肝功能恢复良好。1例受者术后2个月出现肝动脉血栓形成,继发肝脓肿,半年后因多脏器功能衰竭死亡。其余7例受者随访至2018年11月均存活,肝动脉均通畅,无狭窄或血栓形成。 结论当供、受者常规肝动脉端端吻合无法实施时,应用供者髂动脉行腹主动脉搭桥重建移植肝动脉是一种可行的肝动脉重建方法。     

Simultaneous coronary arterial bypass surgery using mini-sternotomy and off-pump methods and abdominal aneurysm repair

A technique of combined minimally invasive coronary artery surgery and abdominal aneurysm repair is described. A mini-sternotomy and off-pump coronary artery bypasses to the left descending branch and right coronary arteries are conducted before abdominal aneurysm repair in a simultaneous operation.     

Hepatic artery transection after blunt trauma: case presentation and review of the literature

Hepatic artery injuries sustained as a result of blunt abdominal trauma are rare. This case represents the first reported hepatic artery transection and the second hepatic artery injury described in children. Hepatic artery injuries are associated with high mortality, and their management is complex and controversial.     

小鼠肝移植中两种肝动脉重建方法的比较

目的比较小鼠肝移植中两种不同肝动脉重建方法的效果。方法应用雄性C57BL/6小鼠建立小鼠肝脏移植模型,随机分为肠系膜上动脉重建组（14对）和腹主动脉重建组（16对）。手术采用异氟醚吸入麻醉。供肝经门静脉灌注4℃威斯康星大学保存液（UW液）。两组小鼠的肝动脉重建分别采用供体肠系膜上动脉或供体肾下腹主动脉与受体腹主动脉端侧吻合两种方法。移植肝血流恢复后重建肝动脉。胆管采用内支架管的方法重建。观察术后2周移植物的存活情况和肝动脉通畅与否。用组织病理学方法检查移植肝的组织形态变化,用免疫组织化学法观察肝脏再生功能。结果术中无小鼠死亡,手术成功率为100%。肠系膜上动脉重建组供体肝动脉游离时间为（12.1±2.5）min,腹主动脉重建组为（17.3±3.1）min,比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。腹主动脉重建组肝动脉吻合时间为（14.5±2.9）min,肠系膜上动脉重建组相应为（12.4±3.3）min,比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。肠系膜上动脉重建组移植物术后2周存活率为93%（1只死于吻合口血栓形成）,腹主动脉重建组为100%。肠系膜上动脉重建组术后2周肝动脉通畅率为86%,腹主动脉重建组为100%。组织病理学检查示两组的移植肝组织正常,肝脏再生反应不明显。结论小鼠肝移植中,与应用肠系膜上动脉重建比较,应用腹主动脉吻合重建肝动脉的效果更好且安全,建议首选供受体腹主动脉吻合重建小鼠肝动脉的方法。     

Rare origin of the inferior epigastric and medial circumflex femoral arteries arising from a common trunk

A case of unilateral anomalous arterial supply of the lower limb and the anterior abdominal wall is presented. In this case, inferior epigastric artery arose from a common trunk with the medial circumflex femoral artery. The common trunk arose from the femoral artery. The inferior epigastric artery reached the anterior abdominal wall by passing deep to the inguinal ligament. The medial circumflex artery ran between the femoral artery and vein within the femoral triangle. A possible ontogenetic explanation is provided for this situation. Awareness of the variations in anatomy of the inferior epigastric and femoral arteries is important for angiographers and the surgeon who operates in this region. Received: 28 October 1999 / Accepted: 10 July 2000     

Pelvic exsanguination following umbilical artery catheterization in neonates.

Umbilical artery catheterization in 400 newborns was followed by umbilical or hypogastric artery perforation with massive extra- and intraperitoneal bleeding in 7 infants. Common predisposing factors were multiple attempts and insertion against resistance. A characteristic clinical picture developed, including hypotension, abdominal distention, and lower abdominal wall induration and ecchymosis, often extending into the genitalia and upper thighs, with absent femoral pulses. Treatment is immediate transfusion and bilateral umbilical and hypogastric artery ligation. One of seven patients survived.     

A Common Trunk of Origin of the Right Testicular and Middle Suprarenal Arteries with a Retrocaval Course

A common trunk of origin of the right testicular and middle suprarenal arteries with a retrocaval course was observed during the dissection of a male cadaver. The Common trunk (CT) arose from the anterior aspect of the abdominal aorta (AA) at the level of the right renal artery (RRA) and after a short course behind the inferior vena cava (IVC), the CT divided into right testicular and middle suprarenal arteries. The middle suprarenal artery (MSA) passed upwards behind the IVC to the right suprarenal gland. The right testicular artery (RTA) descended posterior to the RRA and anterior to the IVC. It then continued on its normal route distally with the right testicular vein. The awareness of such variations of testicular and middle suprarenal arteries and their unusual origin and course might complicate the interpretation of angiograms and surgical procedures in the posterior abdominal area.     

指动脉皮瓣与超薄腹部皮瓣在末节指再造中的联合应用

目的探讨指动脉岛状皮瓣与超薄腹部皮瓣在末节指再造中联合应用的临床治疗效果。方法指动脉岛状皮瓣转位置于掌侧,超薄任意腹部皮瓣修复大部分缺损创面,进行末节拇、手指再造10例。结果再造指全部成活,经5～12个月随访,2例需二期整形,再造指腹、指端两点辨别觉6-10mm,外形及功能满意。结论指动脉岛状皮瓣与超薄腹部皮瓣联合应用为末节指再造提供一种较实用的方法。     

A Cadaveric Study about the Anomolous Origin of Testicular Arteries Arising from the Accessory Renal Arteries

Testicular arteries are paired vessels, arising from the abdominal aorta, at the level of second lumbar vertebra. Variations in the origin of these vessels highlight a potential importance regarding the vascular supply to the gonads and kidneys. This study was designed to assess the variations in the origin, course, and distance about the point of origin of the testicular arteries. The posterior abdominal walls of 40 male cadavers were studied on either side, during routine dissection in the Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal. A majority had a normal course and the variations were reported as: a) Bilateral origin of gonadal arteries from accessory renal arteries, b) Unilateral origin of the gonadal artery from the left accessory renal artery, and c) Unique origin of the right testicular artery from the right inferior epigastric artery and left testicular artery from descending thoracic aorta above the aortic opening of the diaphragm. Due to the embryological attribution, these variations in the testicular arteries indicate an alarming threat to the radiologists and surgeons during renal transplants and nephrectomies, as these vessels monopolize the vascular supply to the gonads. This study was undertaken to document the incidence of testicular arteries originating from accessory renal arteries.     

Ligation of symptomatic celiac artery aneurysm without vascular reconstruction: Utilizing the natural collateral circulation of the celiac axis: A case report

IntroductionCeliac artery aneurysm is very rare visceral artery aneurysm. Symptomatic and ≥ 2.5 cm sized aneurysm requires treatment. Excision and revascularization is the most commonly employed procedure.Case presentationWe report a case of ligation and excision of celiac artery aneurysm extending onto the splenic and hepatic arteries without vascular reconstruction. The patient was a 52 year old lady who was evaluated for abdominal pain and was found to have a celiac artery aneurysm involving the hepatic and splenic arteries. She was evaluated with computerized tomography and digital subtraction angiography of the abdominal vessels. These confirmed good natural collaterals from the branches of superior mesenteric artery supplying the liver, stomach and spleen. We performed ligation and excision of the aneurysm and ligation and division of hepatic, splenic and left gastric arteries as the aneurysm was extending on to these vessels, without any vascular reconstruction, utilizing the natural collaterals from the superior mesenteric artery.DiscussionLigation of celiac artery aneurysm without revascularization is often done in emergency situations. Excision and revascularization is the treatment of choice to ensure adequate blood supply to liver, spleen and stomach. We could utilize the natural collateral circulation of celiac artery from superior mesenteric artery avoiding a complex procedure of revascularization.ConclusionWe present this because of the rarity of the disease as well as rarity of the technique of not performing vascular reconstruction. We emphasize on the pre-operative and operative evaluation of collateral circulation with conventional angiography and intraoperative Doppler respectively.     

肝移植中变异肝动脉的处理

目的探讨肝移植中变异肝动脉的保护及重建方法。方法回顾性分析2005年6月至2013年12月进行的340例肝移植的临床资料,着重分析变异肝动脉的保护及重建方法。取修肝过程注意保护变异的肝动脉,变异的肝动脉采用显微缝合技术与供受体腹腔动脉干的分支行端端吻合,术中根据变异动脉的条件,选择管径相互匹配、位置合适的腹腔动脉干的属支进行吻合,其中管径≧3 mm采用连续缝合;3 mm采用间断缝合。术后常规多普勒超声监测肝动脉血流情况,肝素+低分子右旋糖酐抗凝。结果 340例中出现肝动脉变异64例,其中左肝动脉变异33例,来源于胃左动脉20例、腹腔动脉干11例,腹主动脉2例;右肝动脉变异30例,来源于肠系膜上动脉19例,胃十二指肠动脉10例,腹主动脉1例;肝总动脉变异1例,来源于腹主动脉。误扎变异左肝动脉2例,术后出现左肝管缺血坏死2例。结论供肝肝动脉变异率高,取修肝过程中应注意对变异肝动脉的保护,选择供受体合适的腹腔动脉干分支与变异肝动脉吻合是处理肝动脉变异的良好方法。     

Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome After Successful Coil Embolization of a Ruptured Pancreaticoduodenal Artery Aneurysm: Report of a Case

Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare condition in which the third part of the duodenum is trapped between the abdominal aorta and the SMA. Any disease process decreasing the angle between the aorta and the SMA can result in external compression of the duodenum and subsequent intestinal obstruction. Aneurysms of the pancreaticoduodenal artery (PDA) and its branches are also rare and account for only 2% of all splanchnic artery aneurysms. We report a case of SMA syndrome that developed after successful coil embolization of a ruptured PDA aneurysm.     

Retroperitoneal bleeding due to a ruptured aneurysm of the middle colic artery

In a 51-year-old man the middle colic artery ruptured. The patient had abdominal pain for several days, and then suddenly, a considerable intraperitoneal bleeding occurred. The aneurysm was extirpated and in the postoperative angiogram, numerous aneurysms were detected in the colic artery. Splanchnic artery aneurysm mainly occurs in renal artery, splenic artery and hepatic artery, but rarely in the mesenteric artery. The pathogenesis of mesenteric artery aneurysms is usually mycotic false aneurysm from prior aortic endoarteritis. In the present case, the etiology of the aneurysm was not confirmed.     

腹壁浅动脉蒂游离腹壁皮瓣乳房再造术的初步临床应用

目的 探讨采用腹壁浅动脉（superficial inferior epigastric artery,SIEA）蒂游离腹壁皮瓣乳房再造术方法 、特点及适应证.方法 术前采用多层螺旋CT（multipledetector-row computed tomography,MDCT）三维血管造影及多普勒血流探测仪检查SIEA的直径、走行及分布,于脐与阴阜上缘之间设计皮瓣,采用单蒂或双蒂SIEA,与胸廓内动,静脉吻合,腹部供区直接拉拢缝合.结果 4例乳房再造病例皮瓣全部存活,皮瓣和腹部供区无脂肪液化、坏死、切口裂开、腹壁薄弱及腹壁疝等并发症的出现,再造乳房外形效果满意.结论 SIEA蒂游离腹壁皮瓣与腹壁下动脉穿支皮瓣（DIEP）,横行腹支肌肌（TRAM）皮瓣乳房再造术提供同样的腹部皮肤和组织量,但却减轻了对腹部功能和形态的损害,在做好充分的术前血管评估、严格把握适应证和熟练掌握显微外科技术的前提下,是一种可供选择的乳房再造方法.     

Aneurysm of the Gastroduodenal Artery Associated with Absence of the Celiac Axis: Report of a Case

A 65-year-old woman was referred to us for treatment of an aneurysm, found incidentally by abdominal ultrasonography. Angiography demonstrated a saccular aneurysm of the gastroduodenal artery and absence of blood flow from the celiac axis. The blood flow in the hepatic artery, splenic artery, and other arteries originating from the celiac axis was supplied by the superior mesenteric artery through one dilated and elongated pancreaticoduodenal artery and the gastroduodenal artery. The aneurysm was resected, and the inflow and outflow arteries were reconstructed with end-to-end anastomoses. Pathologic examination of the aneurysm sac showed diffuse intimal thickening with focal atheromas. We speculate that the increased blood flow compensating for the absence of blood flow from the celiac axis was an etiologic factor predisposing to the formation of this gastroduodenal artery aneurysm.     

结扎腹主动脉加双侧腹壁阴部动脉在大鼠后肢缺血模型中的应用

目的探讨结扎腹主动脉加双侧腹壁阴部动脉在SD大鼠后肢动脉缺血模型中的应用价值。方法将38只大鼠按随机数字表法随机分为假手术组(n=12)、结扎腹主动脉组(n=12)和结扎腹主动脉加双侧腹壁阴部动脉组(n=14)。氯胺酮6mg/100g腹腔注射麻醉大鼠,开腹后按各组不同的处理方法处理血管,观察术后2周和4周时各组后肢肌力、苍白等情况,同时取股静脉血做血气分析,并取后肢骨骼肌行HE染色。结果结扎腹主动脉加双侧腹壁阴部动脉组术后3d内死亡2只大鼠,其余大鼠均存活。假手术组术后无明显异常。结扎腹主动脉组术后立即出现后肢苍白、活动差;2周时后肢苍白、皮温低有好转;4周时恢复正常。结扎腹主动脉加双侧腹壁阴部动脉组术后2周时后肢缺血明显,肢体苍白、运动差;4周时仍有较明显的肌力异常、苍白等表现。各组均无后肢坏死。结扎腹主动脉加双侧腹壁阴部动脉组在术后2和4周时的肌力和苍白情况均较假手术组差(P0.05);与结扎腹主动脉组比较,在术后4周时肢体苍白情况仍较差(P0.05)。各组内不同时相间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结扎腹主动脉加双侧腹壁阴部动脉组的静脉血氧分压在术后2及4周时明显低于其他2组(P0.05)。HE染色:对照组显示正常的横纹肌结构;结扎腹主动脉组术后2周可见细胞染色不均,肿胀,横纹消失,部分细胞核染色深,4周时恢复正常;结扎腹主动脉加双侧腹壁阴部动脉组术后2周及4周见骨骼肌染色不均,细胞肿胀明显,横纹消失,部分细胞核染色深,密集,细胞间隙加大,但未见明显的细胞坏死。结论结扎腹主动脉加双侧腹壁阴部动脉可制作稳定的SD大鼠后肢缺血模型。     

Renal Preservation in Low Ectopic Right Renal Artery Reconstruction During Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair: Report of a Case

Renal hypothermia achieved using cold (4°C) heparinized Ringer's lactate is an effective method of preventing renal compromise during abdominal aortic surgery. We present the case of a 62-year-old man with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), complicated by involvement of an ectopic right renal artery with a low abdominal aortic origin and passage across the ventral side of the inferior vena cava. The patient underwent AAA repair and right renal artery reconstruction using renal perfusion with cold heparinized Ringer's lactate, and no deterioration of renal function occurred. Received: February 4, 2002 / Accepted: July 2, 2002 Reprint requests to: T. Inoue     

A rare cause of an abdominal mass

A 57-year-old male presented with right upper abdominal lump since 3 months. He was diagnosed to have a hepatic artery aneurysm. He was investigated thoroughly but no cause was found. He was subjected to endovascular embolisation of the aneurysm using endovascular coils. Subsequently the aneurysm was completely occluded. Hepatic artery aneurysms are very rare among all visceral aneurysms. We report this rare case of hepatic artery aneurysm presenting as an abdominal lump. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and management of this rare entity as a rupture may be catastrophic.     

Repair of an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm with a Remarkably Dilated Meandering Artery: Report of a Case

A 73-year-old man on dialysis for chronic renal dysfunction was referred to our hospital for surgical treatment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Preoperative angiography showed a remarkably developed meandering artery branching from the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA). The superior mesenteric and celiac arteries were occluded at the origin, and all blood flow to the abdominal organs was apparently supplied by collateral circulation from the IMA. Considering the risk of mesenteric ischemia after aortic clamping in conjunction during surgery, we used a perfusion catheter with a 12-F balloon to create a shunt to the IMA from the subclavian artery. The operation was successful and the patient recovered uneventfully. We describe this surgical procedure for its effectiveness in preventing postoperative mesenteric ischemia in a rare case of an AAA with complex branching lesions.     

Repair of a pararenal abdominal aortic aneurysm with bilateral renal artery stenosis using a rapid infusion pump for renal perfusion: Report Of a case

A 73-year-old man with a history of hypertension and drug-induced hepatitis underwent surgical treatment of an enlarging pararenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (PRAAA) with bilateral renal artery stenosis, found on enhanced computed tomography (CT). His preoperative renal function was normal. We divided the right renal artery and used a 6-mm expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) tube graft for the anastomosis. Renal artery perfusion was achieved by a rapid infusion pump set at 200 ml/min. The left renal artery was reconstructed and perfused in the same way. The abdominal aorta was cross-clamped just distal to the superior mesenteric artery and a Y-graft was anastomosed. The ePTFE grafts were connected to the Y-graft and bilateral renal artery circulation was re-established. The renal ischemic time was 1 h 25 min and the urine output during reconstruction was 80 ml. Postoperatively, his serum blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels increased slightly, but normalized within 3 days. This case report shows that this method of renal artery perfusion could prove useful for complex renal artery reconstructions.