门诊化疗癌症病人的焦虑状态调查分析

目的 了解门诊癌症患的焦虑状态,给予有针对性的护理。方法 对门诊化疗的癌症患８９例进行一次焦虑状态自评量表测试。结果 ８８．８％的癌症患存在不同程度的焦虑状态。不同性别,年龄,化程度,患病时间的患,其焦虑程度无显性差异,但不同来源的患焦虑程度则有显性差异。结论 必须重视门诊癌症患的心理护理,卫生宣教,社会教育,充分发挥家属的积极作用;     

社区癌症病人的心理调查分析及护理

癌症病人有其特殊的心理,本文通过对３８例社区家庭病床癌症病人的心理调查,归纳出四种心理类型：正常心态、恐惧心理、焦虑心理、跳跃式心理。很多病人都存在着两种或两种以上的复合心态,分析其各自形成的原因,根据病人的病情、性格、文化背景、心理特点等不同因素,进行心理护理,从而改善病人不利于健康的心理．     

新入院患者的心理活动调查及护理对策

目的了解新入院患者的心理活动和心理需求,采取护理措施稳定患者情绪,取得良好的治疗效果。方法采用问卷随机调查内、外科新入院患者,了解其心理活动和护理需求,探讨护理对策。结果新入院患者普遍存在焦虑、恐惧、不安全感等,通过心理疏导、严谨的工作态度、熟练的专业技术等减轻患者的不良情绪。结论掌握新入院患者的心理活动特点,采取科学的护理措施,消除不良情绪的影响。     

入院病人心理状态调查及护理对策

为了解病人办理入院时的心理状态 ,以便作出针对性的护理 ,让病员保持良好的心理状态 ,入院接受治疗 ,以利于疾病的康复。 2 0 0 0年 9～ 1 2月对办理入院的 4 80例病员进行随机问卷调查 ,结果发现 74 %的病人存在焦虑、恐惧等负性心理。近一年来根据病人的心理状态 ,采取针对性的护理措施 ,取得了较好的效果。现总结如下。1　调查对象与方法1 .1　调查对象　 2 0 0 0年 9～ 1 2月来我院入院处办理入院手续的各科病人。1 .2　调查方法　自编问卷调查法。2　调查结果2 .1　病人一般情况　见表 1。表 1　调查对象的一般情况　性别　　　　年龄…     

浅谈癌症病人的心理护理

我科从1980～1984年5年间收治胃癌患20名，年龄在50～80岁，均施行胃癌根治术。同时特别注意心理疗法，对症作用，即心理疗法对战胜癌症康复效果，进行全面护理工作，明显使患生存时间延长。有的癌症患较为乐观、仍然工作和生活，已存活加年以上。精神压力较大，思想负担难以解决。结果术后只存活1年左右，因此心理护理很重要。     

癌症病人化疗时的护理

癌症是一种严重危害人民健康的身心疾病。目前，对此病的治疗主要采用药物、手术、放疗、免疫等综合治疗方法。其中，药物治疗是必不可少的治疗手段。因此，做好癌症病人化疗时的护理是非常重要的。     

A meta-analysis to derive literature-based benchmarks for readmission and hospital mortality after patient discharge from intensive care

Introduction

We sought to derive literature-based summary estimates of readmission to the ICU and hospital mortality among patients discharged alive from the ICU.

Methods

We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to March 2013, as well as the reference lists in the publications of the included studies. We selected cohort studies of ICU discharge prognostic factors that in which readmission to the ICU or hospital mortality among patients discharged alive from the ICU was reported. Two reviewers independently abstracted the number of patients readmitted to the ICU and hospital deaths among patients discharged alive from the ICU. Fixed effects and random effects models were used to estimate the pooled cumulative incidence of ICU readmission and the pooled cumulative incidence of hospital mortality.

Results

The analysis included 58 studies (n = 2,073,170 patients). The majority of studies followed patients until hospital discharge (n = 46 studies) and reported readmission to the ICU (n = 46 studies) or hospital mortality (n = 49 studies). The cumulative incidence of ICU readmission was 4.0 readmissions (95% confidence interval (CI), 3.9 to 4.0) per 100 patient discharges using fixed effects pooling and 6.3 readmissions (95% CI, 5.6 to 6.9) per 100 patient discharges using random effects pooling. The cumulative incidence of hospital mortality was 3.3 deaths (95% CI, 3.3 to 3.3) per 100 patient discharges using fixed effects pooling and 6.8 deaths (95% CI, 6.1 to 7.6) per 100 patient discharges using random effects pooling. There was significant heterogeneity for the pooled estimates, which was partially explained by patient, institution and study methodological characteristics.

Conclusions

Using current literature estimates, for every 100 patients discharged alive from the ICU, between 4 and 6 patients on average will be readmitted to the ICU and between 3 and 7 patients on average will die prior to hospital discharge. These estimates can inform the selection of benchmarks for quality metrics of transitions of patient care between the ICU and the hospital ward.     

临床实习护生状态焦虑的调查分析

[目的]了解护生对临床实习产生的状态焦虑及相关原因分析，从而有针对性地帮助护生适应临床实习，顺利渡过实习期。[方法]对50名中专护生和50名大专及本科护生，采用状态特质焦虑问卷调查护生的状态焦虑情况，自制焦虑原因调查问卷了解护生导致状态焦虑情绪的原因。[结果]100名护生状态焦虑量表（S—AI）得分48-85分±10．01分，明显高于国内女性常模38．97分±8．45分（t=9．87，P〈0.01），状态焦虑检出率为59％；中专组护生状态焦虑情绪明显高于大专及本科组（t=3．11，P〈0．01）。[结论]临床实习导致护生状态焦虑，自我价值实现未得到满足是主要原因。     

临床实习护生状态焦虑的调查分析

[目的]了解护生对临床实习产生的状态焦虑及相关原因分析,从而有针对性地帮助护生适应临床实习,顺利渡过实习期.[方法]对50名中专护生和50名大专及本科护生,采用状态特质焦虑问卷调查护生的状态焦虑情况,自制焦虑原因调查问卷了解护生导致状态焦虑情绪的原因.[结果]100名护生状态焦虑量表(S-AI)得分48.85分±10.01分,明显高于国内女性常模38.97分±8.45分(t＝9.87,P＜0.01),状态焦虑检出率为59%;中专组护生状态焦虑情绪明显高于大专及本科组(t=3.11,P＜0.01 ).[结论]临床实习导致护生状态焦虑,自我价值实现未得到满足是主要原因.     

基层医院住院病人对护理工作满意度调查分析

目的 提高患对护理工作的满意度。方法 采用问卷调查法,每卷20项内容,每项内容评价分很满意、较满意、不满意。对470例住院病人进行护理工作综合满意度调查分析。结果 470例患对护理工作很满意率＞90％的项目有入院时护士热情接待,介绍病区环境制度,主动巡视病房与患交谈,帮助病员解决问题,了解患睡眠状况,及时更换床单、病员服,患知道责任护士,对护士技术、病区环境均满意。满意率＜805有护士做到服药到口,向患介绍药物作用及疾病知识、饮食知识、康复指导,80％－90％有患向护士询问疾病知识回答满意,护士治疗中介绍注意问题,护士长常深入病房征求意见。结论 加强护理人员的培训力度,多项激励措施,有效实施健康教育,评价患的满意度等措施。提高了患护理工作满意度。     

肿瘤患儿父母的压力及焦虑状况调查分析

[目的]探讨肿瘤患儿父母的压力及焦虑情况,探索解决问题的护理依据.[方法]应用状态-特质焦虑量表,通过问卷调查的方法对34例肿瘤患儿父母的压力感受及情绪状态进行评估.[结果]母亲所感受的压力程度大于父亲,父母的状态焦虑均高于常模.[结论]肿瘤患儿父母的压力焦虑状况应引起护理人员的重视,护理人员有必要为患儿父母提供心理支持及健康教育,缓解其焦虑程度有利于患儿的治疗及护理.     

肿瘤患儿父母的压力及焦虑状况调查分析

[目的]探讨肿瘤患儿父母的压力及焦虑情况，探索解决问题的护理依据。[方法]应用状态一特质焦虑量表，通过问卷调查的方法对34例肿瘤患儿父母的压力感受及情绪状态进行评估。[结果]母亲所感受的压力程度大于父亲，父母的状态焦虑均高于常模。[结论]肿瘤患儿父母的压力焦虑状况应引起护理人员的重视．护理人员有必要为患儿父母提供心理支持及健康教育，缓解其焦虑程度有利于患儿的治疗及护理。     

A meta-analysis of hospital 30-day avoidable readmission rates

Rationale and objectives Urgent readmission to hospital is commonly used to measure hospital quality of care. Hospitals that measure the proportion of urgent readmissions judged avoidable need to know previously published rates for comparison. In this study, we generated a literature-based estimate for the proportion of 30-day urgent readmissions deemed avoidable for hospitals to use to gauge their performance in avoidable readmissions. Methods We searched the Medline and Embase databases to identify published studies that reported the proportion of 30-day urgent readmissions deemed avoidable. We then modelled the overall proportion of 30-day urgent readmissions deemed avoidable. Results We included 16 studies that used a wide variety of patients and a diverse range of methods to classify readmissions as avoidable. Studies reported a broad range for the proportion of urgent 30-day readmissions deemed avoidable. Overall, 848 of 3669 readmissions (23.1%, 95% confidence interval, 21.7-24.5) of 30-day urgent readmissions were classified as avoidable. This proportion varied significantly based on hospital teaching status and number of reviewers for each case [teaching hospitals: with one reviewer, 9.3% (4.2-19.3); with >1 reviewer, 21.6% (13.2-33.3); non-teaching hospital: with one reviewer, 32.2% (11.4-63.9); with >1 reviewer, 39.9% (37.6-42.2)]. Significant heterogeneity remained between studies even after clustering studies by these covariates. Conclusions Less than one in four readmissions were deemed avoidable. Health system planners need to use caution in interpreting all cause readmission statistics as they are only partially influenced by quality of care.     

Patient readmission to critical care units during the same hospitalization at a community teaching hospital

The incidence and cause of patient readmission, during the same hospitalization, to a critical care unit was studied in an urban community teaching hospital. During a 12-month period, there were 1069 admissions to the critical care units with 640 patients being at risk for readmission. The readmission rate was 11.7%. Prematurity of transfer out of a critical care unit may have been a contributing factor in 4.2% of the readmissions. Cardiac and respiratory problems were the major contributing causes for readmission. Improved communication between physicians, nurses and therapists could probably decrease premature transfers that contribute to readmission. Enhanced awareness of need for, and ability to provide aggressive pulmonary toilet may diminish the incidence of respiratory relapse. More data is needed regarding acceptable readmission rates; prospective studies are needed to better define the patient population at risk.     

The effect of a video-based COVID-19 paediatric patient education on state anxiety in children with suspected COVID-19 admitted to hospital

BackgroundAnxiety causes the long-term psychological impacts on children during the pandemic.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to reduce anxiety in paediatric patients and increase their adherence to treatment through a video-based COVID-19 paediatric patient education.MethodsThis quasi-experimental study with pretest–posttest single group was carried out in a research hospital’s COVID-19 Paediatric Emergency Area in Turkey between May and August 2020. The sample consisted of 128 children aged between 4 and 12 years.ResultsIn the study, it was found that 50.8% of the children who came to the COVID- 19 Paediatric Emergency Area due to suspicion of COVID-19 were boys and their mean age was 8.54 ± 2.62. 21.1% of the children were hospitalised before and 73.4% were afraid of the hospital. State stress scores of the participants before the patient education were higher in those, who didn’t attend school between ages of 4–10, than those who went to school. State stress mean scores of the children from all age groups decreased significantly after the education.ConclusionsThe video-based paediatric patient education decreases the children’s hospital-related anxiety during the pandemic and increased their adherence to treatment.