内蒙古自治区1987~2007年司法精神病鉴定回顾

目的:探讨1987~2007年内蒙古自治区司法精神病鉴定变化的特点。方法:以1997年10月1日新《刑法》实施日为分界线,对1987年10月1日~2007年9月30日经内蒙古自治区精神卫生中心司法精神病鉴定的473例案例进行回顾性对照分析。结果:①精神损伤评定和服刑能力鉴定增加,而刑事行为能力、性自卫能力、民事行为能力的鉴定两组间差异无统计学意义;②鉴定诊断中精神分裂症B组较A组减少,A组和B组分别为41.2%和30.4%(P<0.05),而应激相关障碍比例增加,A组和B组分别为11.6%和21.6%(P<0.05),其他鉴定诊断差异无统计学意义;③凶杀寨减少(A组为37.2%,B组为22.5%;P<0.05),盗窃案增加(A组和B组分别为9.5%、16.1%,P<0.01)。④B组完全行为能力鉴定较A组增加,分别为A组14.3%、B组33.7%(P<0.01),部分责任能力鉴定减少,分别为A组21.6%、B组6.3%(P<0.01)。结论:近20年司法精神病鉴定的范畴发生较大的变化,要求司法精神病鉴定要适应新的发展需要。     

青岛市2007—2012年精神病司法鉴定案例特点分析

目的 探讨青岛市2007—2012年精神病司法鉴定案例的特点及规律。方法 采用自编调查表,对705例司法精神医学鉴定案例资料进行回顾性分析,将2010—2012年的刑事案例作为B组,2007—2009年的刑事案例作为A组。结果 近6年精神病司法鉴定仍以刑事案例为主,占60.70%,刑事案件种类中以故意杀人、故意伤害案件为主,占57.00%。在刑事案例中B组诊断为无精神病的案例明显高于A组(χ2=11.70,P<0.01)。B组案发时有精神疾病的刑事案件中评定为无刑事责任能力者明显少于A组(χ2=19.22,P<0.01)。结论 近几年,精神病人违法犯罪率较高,并且性质较严重;而公民法律意识逐渐增强,司法鉴定工作应更加规范。     

570例司法精神病鉴定案例分析

1997年新的《刑法》颁布 ,摒弃沿袭了几十年精神病患者刑事责任能力“二级划分”法 ,以法律的形式确定精神病患者刑事责任能力“三级划分”法。为了解从“二级划分”向“三级划分”转变后 ,我国司法精神病鉴定发展趋势的变化以及可能存在的问题 ,现将近四年来在我院进行的570例司法精神鉴定案例分析报道如下。1对象和方法1.1对象系1998年1月至2001年12月 ,由公安局、检察院、法院、司法机关送至我院司法鉴定室进行司法精神鉴定的案例共570例 ,其中1998年1月～1999年12月202例 (A组 ) ,2000年1月～2001年12月368例 (B组 )。1.2方法按自制的…     

不同时期在押罪犯司法精神病学鉴定案例的对比分析

目的探讨近年来在押罪犯司法精神病学鉴定的特点和发展趋势.方法对1994年后经该院鉴定的87例与1993年前鉴定的33例在押罪犯案例进行对比分析.结果 1994年后组在押罪犯鉴定的案例明显增加(P＜0.01).服刑能力的鉴定,1994年后组较多(P＜0.01),服教能力的鉴定,1993年前组较多(P＜0.05).1994年后组经济类案件有上升趋势(P＜0.05),诊断为精神分裂症的有明显下降(P＜0.01),诊断为拘禁性精神障碍的有明显上升(P＜0.05).结论在押罪犯司法精神病学鉴定已成为司法精神病学鉴定的重要组成部分,对其法定能力的评定需进一步入研究.     

小剂量罗哌卡因复合芬太尼蛛网膜下隙阻滞用于新式剖宫产术

目的 比较小剂量罗哌卡因复合芬太尼蛛网膜下阻滞用于新式剖宫产术的临床可行性.方法 选择急诊剖宫产术者50例,随机分成两组,每组均为25例.A组罗哌卡因7.5mg+芬太尼20μg;B组罗哌卡因15mg.两组均加入10%葡萄糖配成重比重液2.5ml.用体表针刺法测感觉平面,用改良Bromage法测运动阻滞,观察两种不同配方的麻醉效果、血流动力学清况、感觉阻滞起效时间、运动阻滞起效时间、最高感觉阻滞平面、平面固定时间以及运动恢复时间,记录新生儿娩出后1、5分钟时Apgar评分.结果 A组感觉阻滞起效时间较B组慢(P＜0.01),平面固定时间较B组快(P＜0.05),镇痛维持时间差异无显著性(P＞0.05).麻醉最高平面A组和B组分别为T6和T4～T2,两者比较差异有显著性(P＜0.01).下肢运动阻滞起时间A组较B组慢(P＜0.01),但运动恢复时间A组较B组快(P＜0.01).B组血流动力学的影响较A组明显,在注药后的5min,血压、心率显著降低,与基础值比较,差异显著性(P＜0.05).A组低血压、心动过缓和恶心、呕吐发生率显著少于B组(P＜0.01)新生儿娩出后1、5分钟Apgar评分A、B两组无显著性差异.结论 小剂量罗哌卡因复合芬太尼蛛网膜下腔阻滞用于新式剖宫产能减少局麻药用量,麻醉效果确切,对机体血流动力学影响小,能能延长镇痛时间,运动恢复时间短,并且可减少术后恶心呕吐的发生率.     

糖尿病大鼠骨骼肌内脂素和磷脂酰肌醇3激酶的表达

目的 观察糖尿病大鼠骨骼肌中内脂素(visfatin)、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)的表达,探讨visfatin在糖尿病中的作用及可能机制.方法 8周龄雄性SD大鼠55只(造模成功39只),采用随机数字表法分为4组:正常对照组(A组)10只,饮食诱导肥胖组(B组)10只,血糖未控制糖尿病组(C组)10只,血糖控制糖尿病组(D组)9只.喂养至12周末,测定空腹血糖(FBG)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、空腹胰岛素(FINS),计算稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)及胰岛素敏感指数(ISI);RT-PCR测定骨骼肌组织visfatin、PI3K mRNA表达;Western blot测定骨骼肌组织visfatin、PI3K蛋白表达.结果 C组FBG较A、B组明显增高(P＜0.01);D组FBG较C组明显降低(P＜0.01).B组TG较A组明显增高(P＜0.05);C组TG、TC、LDL-C、FFA较A、B组明显增高(P＜0.01);D组TG、TC、FFA较A组明显增高(P＜0.05);D组TG较A、B组明显增高(P＜0.05);D组TG、TC、LDL-C、FFA较C组明显降低(P＜0.01).B、C组较A组FINS、HOMA-IR明显增高,ISI明显降低(P＜0.01),C组较B组FINS、HOMA-IR明显增高,ISI明显降低(P＜0.01).C、D组visfatin mRNA和蛋白表达较A组均明显增高(P＜0.05),C组visfatin蛋白较B组明显增高(P＜0.01).C组PI3K mRNA和蛋白表达较A、B组均明显降低(P＜0.01),D组PI3K mRNA和蛋白表达较A组均明显降低(P＜0.05).结论 visfatin在骨骼肌中的表达水平与骨骼肌糖脂代谢状态有关,可能通过PI3K参与骨骼肌糖脂代谢的调节.     

动态血糖监测在胰岛素泵强化治疗2型糖尿病中的应用

目的 观察动态血糖监测(CGM)下应用胰岛素泵(CSII)强化治疗2型糖尿病(T2DM)的疗效及安全性.方法 将114例患者随机分为3组,A组为CGM联合CSII组(简称“双C”组),B组为常规强化应用胰岛素(CSII组),C组每天多次胰岛素皮下注射(MSII组),比较治疗3d的日内平均血糖(MBG)、平均血糖漂移幅度(MAGE),记录治疗2周后血浆C反应蛋白(CRP)、胰岛素抵抗指数(Homa-IR)、胰岛β细胞分泌指数(Homa-IS)、血糖达标所需时间、胰岛素用量及低血糖的情况.结果 3组患者经治疗3d后的MBG以A组、B组较C组下降更明显(P＜0.01),A组的MAGE显著低于B组和C组(P＜0.01).Homa-IR、CRP以A组、B组较C组下降更明显(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),A、B两组间差异无统计学意义(P＞ 0.05);FIns、FCP、Homa-IS以A组、B组较C组升高更明显(P＜0.01),A、B两组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).血糖达标所需时间及所需胰岛素用量比较C组＞B组＞A组(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).A组在动态血糖监测时间段低血糖事件发生43次,无症状性低血糖37次,B组低血糖事件发生11次,C组低血糖事件发生14次.结论 CGMS监测CSII治疗T2DM的治疗达标时间更短,血糖波动更少,血糖达标时所需胰岛素量更少,胰岛β细胞功能的改善和CRP的降低明显优于MSII,且容易发现无症状性低血糖,较MSII疗效、安全性更好.     

芬太尼加强丙泊酚对无痛人流术麻醉效果的观察

目的 观察芬太尼能否加强丙泊酚在无痛人流术中的麻醉效果.方法 将100例无痛人流患者随机分成两组,即单纯丙泊酚组(A组)和丙泊酚 芬太尼(B组),观察两组患者的镇痛情况、术后宫缩痛的情况、丙泊酚用量等.结果 B组的术中镇痛情况明显好于A组(P＜0.05),术后宫缩痛也比A组轻(P＜0.01),丙泊酚的用量B组明显少于A组(P＜0.01).结论 丙泊酚伍用芬太尼用于人工流产,较单用大剂量丙泊酚具有麻醉效果好,明显减轻术后宫缩痛,减少丙泊酚用量等优点.     

高原西氏胶囊与一氧化氮对高原移居者脑-体功能作用的研究

目的应用行为功效学的方法观察高原西氏胶囊与一氧化氮(NO)对高原低氧条件下人脑-体功能的改善作用.方法选择进入海拔4100米25天的某部高原适应性训练部队青年士兵45人,分别给予口服高原西氏胶囊(B组15人),吸入低浓度NO(C组15人),同步进行实施五天,第一天始,每日加大指标量进行踏阶梯运动.五天后采用DDX-200型电脑多功能心理生理能力测试仪进行左右手指交叉敲击与左右脚交叉动作频率测验,并设立对照组(A组15人),进行A、B、C组实验前后测验结果的对比评价.结果实验前三组测验交叉对比结果均无显著差异(P＞0.05),B组服药后与服药前比较,左右手交叉敲击总次数、正确次数显著增多(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);左右脚交叉动作频率的正确次数显著增多(P＜0.01),错误次数显著减少(P＜0.01).与A组比较,总次数和正确次数显著增多(P＜0.01);C组NO吸入后与吸入前比较,左右手交叉敲击总次数、正确次数显著增多(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),错误次数显著减少(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).左右脚交叉动作频率总次数、正确次数显著增多(P＜0.01),与A组比较,总次数、正确次数显著增多(P＜0.01),错误次数显著减少(P＜0.01).结论高原西氏胶囊和NO均能有效地提高和改善高原低氧条件下人脑-体工作能力和体力,NO作用稍优于西氏胶囊.     

低强度氦氖激光照射对大鼠胚胎中脑神经细胞生物效应的影响

目的 研究氦-氖(He-Ne)激光照射对大鼠胚胎中脑神经细胞增牛分化的影响.方法 用波长为632.8nm,输出功率为2mw的He-Ne激光直接照射培养于96孔培养板中的大鼠胚胎中脑神经细胞,分组、照射小同的时间,每天1次,照射时间分别为:3min(A组)、6min(B组)、10min(C组),连续照射10天后,计数集落形成率、测定蛋白质含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力及丙二醛(MDA)含量,并与对照组进行比较.结果 A组和B组细胞集落形成率较对照组明显增加(P＜0.05),而C组显著减少(P＜0.01);A、B实验组相对蛋白质含量较对照组明显增加(P＜0.05);C组相对蛋白质含量较对照组明显减少(P＜0.01).而SOD活性和MDA含量有明显改变(P＜0.05).结论 胚胎中脑神经细胞受低功率He-Ne激光直接照射后,其影响与照射时间有关,短时间吸射可能促进增生分化,而长时间反而有抑制其增牛分化的作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.