黄花倒水莲提取物对小鼠实验性肝损伤的保护作用

目的研究黄花倒水莲提取物对小鼠实验性肝损伤的保护作用。方法采用四氯化碳(CCl4)、硫代乙酰胺(TAA)、扑热息痛(AAP)致小鼠急性肝损伤模型,测定小鼠血清ALT,AST活性。结果黄花倒水莲提取物对四氯化碳、硫代乙酰胺、扑热息痛所致小鼠实验性肝损伤有明显保护作用。结论黄花倒水莲提取物可明显降低四氯化碳、硫代乙酰胺、扑热息痛致小鼠急性肝损伤模型血清ALT,AST活性。     

大豆异黄酮对小鼠实验性肝损伤的保护作用

目的：探讨大豆异黄酮对小鼠实验性肝损伤的保护作用。方法：采用四氯化碳（CCl4）、硫代乙酰胺（TAA）、扑热息痛（AAP）致小鼠急性肝损伤模型，测定小鼠血清SGPT活性。结果：大豆异黄酮对四氯化碳、扑热息痛致小鼠实验性肝损伤有明显保护作用。大豆异黄酮对硫代乙酰胺所致小鼠实验性肝损伤无明显的保护作用。结论：大豆异黄酮可明显降低四氯化碳、扑热息痛致小鼠急性肝损伤模型血清SGPT活性。而对硫代乙酰胺致小鼠急性肝损伤模型血清SGPT活性无明显作用。     

茶多酚对小鼠实验性肝损伤的保护作用

目的 :观察茶多酚对四氯化碳 (CCl₄) ,硫代乙酰胺 (TAA) ,醋氨酚 (AAP) ,氯化镉 (CdCl₂) ,乙醇 (alco hol) ,dl-乙硫氨酸 (dl E)等肝毒物所致小鼠肝损伤的影响。方法 :预先给小鼠ig茶多酚后再给肝毒物 ,检测血清谷丙转氨酶 (ALT)活力和肝脏甘油三酯 (TG)含量 ,并取肝组织作病理切片显微镜检查。结果 :茶多酚能明显降低由CCl₄ ,TAA ,AAP ,CdCl₂ ,alcohol,dl-E等引起的ALT和肝TG升高 ,显著减轻CCl₄ 引起的肝坏死病变。结论 :茶多酚具有保肝作用。     

强肝糖浆对大鼠四氯化碳慢性肝损伤的保护作用

目的：观察强肝糖浆对大鼠四氯化碳慢性肝损伤的保护作用。方法：皮下注射10％CCl4油溶液0.1ml/100g诱发大鼠肝损伤病理模型,赖氏法测定血清ALT活性,比色法测定AST活性,双缩脲法测定总蛋白,溴甲酚绿法测定白蛋白含量,光镜下观察肝组织病理学改变。结果：强肝糖浆显著降低血清ALT、AST,升高白蛋白、白蛋白／球蛋白比值（P＜0．05）,减轻CCl4引起大鼠肝细胞变性、坏死及炎细胞浸润。结论：强肝糖对四氯化碳致大鼠的慢性肝损伤有一定的改善作用。     

藤茶总黄酮对酒精性肝损伤小鼠的保护作用

目的 探究藤茶总黄酮对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用.方法 随机将50只小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组及藤茶总黄酮低、中、高(50、75、100mg/kg)给药组,每组10只,除正常组外,其余各组按16 ml/kg剂量灌胃56％白酒,每天1次,灌酒lh后各剂量组灌胃给药,正常组和模型组灌胃等体积蒸馏水,连续给药21 d.对肝脏...     

苦参碱对小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用研究

目的：研究苦参碱对小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用并初步探讨其机制。方法：采用♂昆明小鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、阳性对照（硫普罗宁30mg/kg）组、苦参碱高、中、低剂量（80mg/kg、40mg/kg和20mg/kg）组,分别灌胃给药6天,于第6天末次给药2h后除正常对照组外,其余各组一次性灌胃给予50%乙醇（5g/kg）。乙醇处理12h后测定血清谷草转氨酶（AST）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）的活性及肝脏组织匀浆丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GSH-px）的含量,并进行肝组织病理学切片检查及Ridit分析。结果：与模型组比较,苦参碱各剂量组血清AST、ALT活力和肝组织MDA含量显著降低（P〈0.05）;肝组织SOD、GSH-Px活力均升高（P〈0.05）;苦参碱高、中剂量组R值显著于模型组（P〈0.05）。结论：苦参碱对小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤具有保护作用,其保护作用可能与抗氧化应激相关。     

荞麦多糖对小鼠实验性肝损伤的保护作用

目的:研究荞麦多糖对小鼠实验性肝损伤的保护作用.方法:采用四氯化碳(CCl4)、硫代乙酰胺(TAA)、扑热息痛(AAP)致小鼠急性肝损伤模型,测定小鼠血清SGPT活性.结果:荞麦多糖溶液对四氯化碳、扑热息痛所致小鼠实验性肝损伤有明显保护作用,但对硫代乙酰胺所致小鼠实验性肝损伤无明显的保护作用.结论:荞麦多糖有保肝作用.     

龙胆对小鼠急性肝损伤保护作用的研究

目的:目的:研究龙胆地上部分和根提取物对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:以CCl₄、硫代乙酰胺(TAA)和D-半乳糖胺(D-GlanN)分别给小鼠灌胃造肝损伤模型,观察龙胆地上部分提取物和龙胆根提取物对模型小鼠血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)水平的影响。结果:龙胆地上部分提取物各剂量均可显著降低CCl₄和TAA急性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT,AST和AKP水平(P<0.05),而对D—GlanN模型小鼠无明显作用(P>0.05),并且实验结果与龙胆根提取物作用一致。结论:龙胆地上部分和根提取物对小鼠急性肝损伤均有一定的保护作用,因此,龙胆地上部分可代替根使用。     

王不留行炭纳米类成分发现及其对小鼠酒精性肝损伤保护作用

目的 以王不留行Vaccariae Semen为碳源,从中发现了王不留行炭纳米类成分（Vaccariae Semen Carbonisatum nano-components,VSC-NCs）,并评价其对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用。方法 利用马弗炉高温煅烧出王不留行炭,并从中提取分离出VSC-NCs。利用透射电子显微镜、紫外-可见分光光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、荧光光谱、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）分析对其进行表征鉴定。采用小鼠酒精性肝损伤模型,对肝脏进行苏木精-伊红（hematoxylin-eosin,HE）染色,同时检测谷丙转氨酶（alanine aminotransferase,ALT）、谷草转氨酶（aspartate aminotransferase,AST）、碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase,ALP）、总胆汁酸（total bile acid,TBA）的含量以及肝匀浆液中超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）、丙二醛的水平来评价VSC-NCs的保肝作用。结果 表征分析结果显示VSC-NCs为类球型,粒径分布在1.20~5.10 nm,晶格间距为0.23 nm,其主要由C、N、O 3种元素组成,表面含有羰基、羟基等基团。动物实验结果表明VSC-NCs可以显著降低酒精诱导的肝损伤小鼠ALT、AST、TBA和ALP含量,同时显著提高SOD水平和降低丙二醛的水平,表明VSC-NCs可以提高机体清除氧自由基的能力,减少脂质过氧化物的产生,从而达到保肝作用。结论 首次从王不留行炭中发现了VSC-NCs,并证实了其对酒精所造成的肝损伤有明显保护作用,这不仅表明了VSC-NCs可以作为治疗酒精性肝损伤的一种潜在药物,也为研究中药物质基础提供了一种全新思维方式。     

强肝糖浆对大鼠四氯化碳慢性肝损伤的保护作用

目的 :观察强肝糖浆对大鼠四氯化碳慢性肝损伤的保护作用。方法 :皮下注射 10 % CCl4油溶液0 .1m l/ 10 0 g诱发大鼠肝损伤病理模型 ,赖氏法测定血清 AL T活性 ,比色法测定 AST活性 ,双缩脲法测定总蛋白 ,溴甲酚绿法测定白蛋白含量 ,光镜下观察肝组织病理学改变。结果 :强肝糖浆显著降低血清 AL T、AST,升高白蛋白、白蛋白 /球蛋白比值 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,减轻 CCl4引起大鼠肝细胞变性、坏死及炎细胞浸润。结论 :强肝糖浆对四氯化碳致大鼠的慢性肝损伤有一定的改善作用     

桑叶多糖的提取纯化及其含量测定

目的：纯化桑叶多糖并测定其含量。方法：采用10％三氯乙酸、大孔树脂初步纯化桑叶多糖，采用硫酸-蒽酮法对其含量进行测定。结果：用三氯乙酸除蛋白的方法是可行的；桑叶中多糖的平均含量为2．62％，平均回收率为98．81％，RSD为2．08％。结论：该法可作为桑叶中多糖的含量测定方法。     

维药桑叶中总黄酮的提取与分离

目的:研究提取维药桑叶总黄酮,分离黄酮成分。方法:用不同提取法测定总黄酮含量,并采用硅胶柱层析对乙酸乙酯部分进行分离单体化合物。结果:桑叶中黄酮类的最佳提取工艺为80%的乙醇浸泡5h,在超声波清洗器中提取2次,每次2 h,分离得到两个黄酮类成分,分别为含一分子葡萄糖的槲皮素和山奈酚。结论:以80%的乙醇作为溶剂,在超声波辐射下提取,可提高总黄酮的含量及纯度。     

桑叶安全性及保健功能评价研究进展

桑叶是一种常见的保健食品原料药材,2002年被列入卫生部公布的既是食品又是药品的87种物质之一。结合文献研究和官方公布的以桑叶为原料的保健食品信息分析,认为桑叶的成人每天摄入量不高于10 g对健康的潜在风险较低;以桑叶为原料的保健食品,主要功能宣称为辅助降血糖和调血脂,并有动物实验和人群试验研究结果支持,其他功能宣称有通便、减肥、增强免疫力等6种,通便和减肥功能仅有动物实验研究结果,其余功能暂无相关科学研究支持。就药食两用资源桑叶的食用和使用情况、安全性及保健功能评价的研究现状进行研究分析,为桑叶进入保健食品原料目录提供参考。     

Immunoactivities of the polysaccharides from Morus alba,Chlamydomonas mexicana and Poria cocos

Polysaccharides were extracted from young branches of Morus alba L. (M); a green alga, Chlamydomonas mexicana Lewin, (C₁ and C₂) and a fungus, Poria cocos (Fr.) Wolf, (P₁ and P₂). M consisted of rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose and glucose, C₁ of fucose, 2-MeO-arabinose, ribose, arabinose, 6-MeO-mannose, xylose, 2-deoxy-galactose, mannose, galactose and glucose, C₂ of 3-MeO-arabinose, arabinose, xylose, 2-MeO-galactose, galactose and glucose, P₁ was mannose, galactose, glucose and a small amount of ribose and P₂ consisted of erythritol, arabinose, glucose and muramic acid with the ratio of 1:1:4:1. Pharmacological tests for all of these polysaccharides were performed. Based on the results, M was less effective, but C₁ and C₂ were immunostimulant either in humoral immunity or in cellular immunity. C₂ was effective in nonspecific immunity only, and P₁ was as effective in humoral or in nonspecific immunities. P₂ expressed enhancement in humoral, cellular or nonspecific immunities, but its activities were less than P₁.     

HPLC-MS/MS法分析桑叶总生物碱成分及总生物碱含量

目的:利用HPLC-MS/MS法,对桑叶总生物碱部位中的各生物碱成分进行分析和鉴别,并采用柱前衍生化HPLC-UV法测定生物碱部位中总生物碱的含量。方法:采用HiQSiL C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm),以9-氯甲酸芴甲酯(FMOC-Cl)为柱前衍生化试剂,流动相为乙腈-0.1%醋酸(50:50,V/V),流速0.8 mL.min_-1,检测波长为254 nm;电喷雾离子源(ESI);正离子检测模式;以1-脱氧野尻霉素(DNJ)为对照,外标法计算桑叶总生物碱含量。结果:鉴定了6个生物碱类成分分别为DNJ,fagomine,3-epi-fagomine,DAB,Calystegine B₂和2-O-β-Glc-DAB;测定3批供试品中总生物碱含量均达到75%以上。结论:本法简便、准确、灵敏,可用于桑叶总生物碱及其制剂的定性定量分析。     

桑白皮对四氯化碳诱导的急性肝损伤的影响

目的：观察桑白皮乙醇提取物（EEMA）对四氯化碳（CCl4）诱导大鼠急性肝坏死的影响。方法：将Wistar大鼠分为5组（对照组、CCl4组、EEMA＋CCl4组和Silibinin＋CCl4组）,分别用生理盐水、EEMA和Sihbinin灌胃7天,最后1天,腹腔注射CCl4,16h后检测血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基酸转移酶（AST）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）;肝组织苏木素-伊红（HE）染色观察病变程度;黄嘌呤氧化酶法和硫代巴比妥酸法分别检测肝匀浆中超氧化物岐化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和丙二醛（MDA）。结果：与对照组比较,CCl4组血清中ALT、AST、ALP的含量显著增加（P〈0．05）,HE染色肝组织变性坏死累及全小叶。与CCl4组比较,EEMA＋CCl4组血清中ALT、AST、ALP的含量显著下降（P〈0．05）;HE染色病变程度较轻,变性坏死局限于肝小叶的Ⅲ区;胞浆中SOD和CAT活性提高、MDA水平降低（P〈0．05）。结论：EEMA能显著减轻CCl4诱导的肝损伤,可能与EEMA抗脂质过氧化作用有关。     

Curcumin and a Morus alba extract reduce pro-inflammatory effects of resistin in human endothelial cells

Resistin is a cytokine which plays an important role in cardiovascular disease by influencing systemic inflammation and endothelial activation. In human endothelial cells (HEC) it increases the expression of P‐selectin and fractalkine, and enhances monocyte adhesion by antioxidant mechanisms. This study investigated whether the natural antioxidants curcumin (CC) and an extract of Morus alba leaves (MA) have protective effects in resistin‐activated HEC. HEC were exposed to 100 ng/mL resistin for 6 and 18 h in the absence or presence of MA or CC and the expression of fractalkine and P‐selectin was determined by RT‐PCR and western blot. Intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was monitored by fluorimetry and NADPH oxidase activity by a lucigenin‐enhanced chemiluminescence assay. In addition, adhesion assays using the monocytic U937 cells were performed. The results showed that treatment of HEC exposed to resistin with MA and CC: (1) inhibited significantly P‐selectin and fractalkine expression, (2) inhibited the increase in the intracellular ROS level, (3) reduced NADPH activation and (4) reduced monocytes adhesion to HEC. The results indicate that MA and curcumin target resistin‐induced human endothelial activation partly via antioxidant mechanisms and suggest that they may represent therapeutic agents in vascular disease mediated by resistin. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Oxyresveratrol,a Stilbene Compound from Morus alba L. Twig Extract Active Against Trichophyton rubrum

Morus alba L. (mulberry) twig is known to have an inhibitory effect on pathogens in traditional Chinese medicine. In the present study, the dermophytic fungus, Trichophyton rubrum, was used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of total M. alba twig extract and extracts obtained using solvents with different polarities by the method of 96‐well MTT colorimetry. The main active substance was isolated and identified by tracking its activity. In addition, the inhibitory effects of active extracts and a single active substance were investigated in combination with miconazole nitrate. Our data indicated that ethyl acetate extracts of mulberry twig (TEE) exhibited a desired inhibitory activity on T. rubrum with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.000 mg/mL. With activity tracking, the main substance showing antimicrobial activity was oxyresveratrol (OXY), which was isolated from TEE. Its MIC for inhibiting the growth of T. rubrum was 0.500 mg/mL. The combined use of miconazole nitrate and OXY showed a synergistic inhibitory effect, as shown by a significant decrease in the MIC of both components. Based on the OXY content in TEE, the contribution rate of OXY to the inhibitory effect of TEE on T. rubrum was 80.52%, so it was determined to be the main antimicrobial substance in M. alba twig. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.