含NovaMin生物活性材料的牙膏抗牙本质过敏的临床试验

目的评价含NovaMin生物活性材料的牙膏对牙本质过敏的临床效果.方法遵照随机、双盲、对照的原则.按纳入和排除标准将75名受试者随机分成3组实验组含NovaMin生物活性材料的牙膏;阴性对照组不含NovaMin生物活性材料的牙膏和阳性对照组临床已证明抗过敏有效的牙膏.采用VAS记分评价空气刺激以及冷水刺激4颗过敏牙的的敏感程度.结果使用牙膏6周后,试验组和阳性组可显著减少牙本质过敏症状.试验组经空气刺激和冷水刺激的VAS 记分降低率分别为22%和39%,阳性试验组经空气刺激和冷饮水刺激的VAS 记分分别降低了19%和22%.阴性组使用六周后,VAS记分无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论含NovaMin生物活性材料的牙膏和阳性组牙膏有抗牙本质过敏的临床效果.     

敏感性牙膏治疗超声波洁牙后牙本质过敏观察

敏感性牙膏治疗超声波洁牙后牙本质过敏观察广东省口腔医院洁牙室（５１０２６０）王超真使用超声波洁牙后，患者在接触酸、甜、冷、热刺激时较常出现牙齿酸软疼痛等牙本质过敏症状，作者自１９９４年以来随机收集１２７例使用超声波洁牙机进行龈上洁治的患者，随机分成两...     

奥威尔脱敏剂治疗牙本质过敏症的疗效比较观察

目的 观察新型牙本质脱敏剂奥威尔用于治疗牙本质过敏症的临床疗效。方法 选择临床2～3度牙本质过敏症牙本质过敏患者93例189颗患牙,分别应用奥威尔脱敏剂、Gluma脱敏剂及氟化钠甘油对牙齿过敏区进行处理,观察治疗后的即刻疗效以及1、3个月后的持续效果。结果 奥威尔脱敏剂、Gluma脱敏剂及氟化钠甘油3种脱敏剂的即刻有效率分别是:97.01%、90.32%、71.67%,奥威尔与GLUMA脱敏剂组疗效相似,而与氟化钠甘油组相比有显著性差异(P<0.05);1个月后临床治疗有效率观察分别为91.04%、77.42%、61.67%,3个月后观察有效率分别为86.57%、61.29%、46.67%,结果经统计学分析,3组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 奥威尔牙齿脱敏剂治疗牙齿过敏症具有较好疗效。     

奥威尔脱敏剂治疗牙本质敏感症的即刻疗效观察

目的观察脱敏剂奥威尔治疗牙本质敏感症的即刻疗效。方法将68例牙本质敏感症的患者随机分成实验组和对照组,实验组63颗患牙用奥威尔脱敏剂治疗,对照组56颗患牙用极固宁脱敏剂治疗,观察其即刻疗效,计算有效率,进行统计学处理及临床评估。结果实验组和对照组即刻有效率为95.23%、94.64%,1周后有效率为90.48%,91.07%。经统计学分析,2组无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论奥威尔治疗牙本质敏感症有较好的疗效,其远期效果有待进一步观察。     

舒适达抗楔状缺损致牙本质过敏的疗效观察

楔状缺损是口腔科门诊常见的一种牙体硬组织非龋性疾病。主要是长期不正确刷牙所致,以中老年患者居多,60岁以上的老年人楔状缺损患病率高达86．67％。临床上根据缺损程度,分为浅型、     

舒适达抗楔状缺损致牙本质过敏的疗效观察

楔状缺损是口腔科门诊常见的一种牙体硬组织非龋性疾病。主要是长期不正确刷牙所致,以中老年患者居多,60岁以上的老年人楔状缺损患病率高达86．67％。临床上根据缺损程度,分为浅型、     

奥威尔牙齿脱敏剂治疗牙本质过敏症的临床疗效观察

目的：观察奥威尔牙齿脱敏剂治疗牙本质过敏症的临床疗效。方法：采用随机分组对照试验,以75%氟化钠甘油为对照分别观察实验组和对照组的即时疗效和半年后的疗效,并进行统计学分析。结果：实验组的即时疗效与半年疗效有效率分别为96.77%和91.13%,明显高于对照组的63.06%及42.34%,具有显著性差异（P＆lt;0.01）。结论：奥威尔牙齿脱敏剂对牙本质过敏症具有良好的疗效。     

抗过敏牙膏治疗老年人牙本质过敏症临床疗效比较研究

目的:比较老年人使用奥威尔与舒适达牙膏自行脱敏治疗牙本质过敏症的疗效.方法:78名牙本质过敏症的老年口腔患者,共计243颗患牙,分为三组分别使用奥威尔,舒适达和GLUMA涂抹患牙敏感处,并对三组平均敏感指数和疗效进行比较.结果:治疗前奥威尔组,舒适达组,对照组平均敏感指数分别为2.56,2.47,2.49;治疗后奥威尔组,舒适达组,对照组平均敏感指数分别为0.22,0.44,0.78;疗效比较奥威尔组有效率为97.53％,舒适达组有效率90.12％,GLUMA组有效率77.78％,奥威尔和舒适达之间无明显差异,但是两组较对照组有明显优势(P＜0.05).结论:使用奥威尔和舒适达脱敏牙膏采用患者自行脱敏的方式能有效治疗老年患者牙本质过敏症.     

牙本质过敏

牙本质过敏是指当牙齿受到各种外界刺激时所产生的短暂的、尖锐的疼痛。这些刺激包括温度改变的刺激、机械的或化学的刺激、静电的或渗透压的刺激 ,而以冷刺激所致最为常见。早在 1884年 ,ＭａｒｋＴｗａｉｎ就在给他的牙科医生Ｄｒ.ＪｏｈｎＭ .Ｒｉｇｇｓ的信中描述了牙周治疗后发生牙根过敏的症状。这是最早见有记载的牙本质过敏病况。病因科学研究证明 ,与过敏有关的短暂而尖锐的疼痛 ,是由Ａ -ｄｅｌｔａ类型的损伤感受器和感受疼痛的感觉神经末梢传递的。牙髓有丰富的神经分布 ,其中主要有两种损伤感受器 ,或称疼痛感觉神经元。第一种…     

Clinical evaluation of ferric oxalate in relieving dentine hypersensitivity

Previous in vitro permeability and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the oxalate ion in dentine permeability reduction and effective tubule occlusion. The aim of this randomized double-blind, split mouth 4-week clinical study, therefore was to determine whether a 1-min application of ferric oxalate (Sensodyne Sealant) on exposed root dentine was effective in reducing dentine hypersensitivity (DH). Thirteen subjects [8F:5M, mean age 46.2 (s.d. 4.15) years] completed the study. The subjective response was evaluated by tactile, thermal and evaporative methods of assessment. Data were collected at baseline and post-application at +5 min and 4 weeks. Analysis was based on paired t-test (P=0.05) and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests. No statistically significant differences were noted between ferric oxalate and placebo preparations at +5 min and 4 weeks for any of the test stimuli. There was, however, a clear trend towards immediate reduction (+5 min) in DH reverting back to baseline values at 4 weeks with the exception of the Biomat Thermal Probe mean values, which maintained the reductions in DH compared with placebo. The results of the present study demonstrated that a 1-min application of ferric oxalate is both rapid and effective in reducing DH although its long-term effectiveness still needs to be determined.     

A cross-sectional study of dentine hypersensitivity

AIM: The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in a cross-sectional study of patients visiting general dental practitioners in the United Kingdom over a period of one calendar month. METHODS: Nineteen dental practioners examined 4841 patients over a period of one calendar month and patients that had dentine hypersensitivity diagnosed were questioned further about their occupation and smoking habits. The amount of buccal gingival recession associated with the sensitive teeth was also recorded using a study form. RESULTS: 201 patients were diagnosed as having dentine hypersensitivity, giving a prevalence figure of 4.1%. The commonest teeth affected were the upper premolar teeth and the commonest initiating factor was cold drinks. A tendency for a greater number of sensitive teeth was also found for patients with periodontal disease who also smoked. There was also a tendency for the patients with sensitive teeth to come from higher social groups.     

氟化亚锡牙膏对牙本质敏感症脱敏作用的Meta分析

目的 对有关含氟化亚锡牙膏治疗牙本质敏感症的随机对照试验（RCT）进行Meta分析,评价其治疗牙本质敏感症的疗效。方法依照Cochrane系统评价员手册（5.1.0版本）指导进行分析,包含检索策略、纳入排除标准、数据提取及质量评价。通过计算机检索CNKI、CBM、PubMed、Embase数据库和Cochrane Library,查找有关含氟化亚锡牙膏治疗牙本质敏感症的RCT,检索时间截至2015年1月。由2位研究者独立根据纳入与排除标准进行文献筛选、资料提取和质量评价后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入6个RCT,包括494例患者（试验组247例,对照组247例）。氟化亚锡脱敏牙膏治疗牙本质敏感的Meta分析结果显示,触压探诊敏感测试（SMD=1.41,95%可信区间为0.74~2.09）及冷空气喷吹测试（SMD=-1.16,95%可信区间为-1.84~-0.48）的差异均有统计学意义（P<0.000 01）,氟化亚锡脱敏牙膏治疗牙本质敏感症的效果较好。结论现有证据表明,氟化亚锡脱敏牙膏治疗牙本质敏感症的效果较好;但纳入研究的语种、地区及质量有一定局限性,且样本量较小,仍需更多高质量、大样本的RCT以进一步验证。     

氟离子导入治疗牙本质敏感症的临床研究

目的探讨氟离子导入法治疗牙本质敏感症的临床疗效。方法51例牙本质敏感症患者共61对磨牙,将每对磨牙随机分为实验组和对照组。分别采用氟离子导入法和Gluma涂擦法脱敏。记录治疗前后即刻、1周和1个月时的数字化疼痛评判法(visual analogue scale,VAS)的差值,计算两种方法的有效率并进行统计学分析。结果氟离子导入法术后即刻、1周和1个月时有效率分别为86.89%、81.97%、80.33%;Gluma涂擦法分别为90.16%、78.69%、78.69%。两组在即刻、1周和1个月时的有效率呈下降趋势,但术后同一时间两组间有效率无显著差异。结论氟离子导入法治疗牙齿敏感症与Gluma涂擦法在疗效上无显著差异,可用于临床的脱敏治疗。     

Tooth brushing,tooth wear and dentine hypersensitivity — are they associated?

Evidence suggests that patients suffer the painful symptoms of dentine hypersensitivity when dentine is exposed and the dentinal tubule system is opened to the oral cavity to allow stimuli to trigger a neural response in the pulp via a hydrodynamic mechanism. The processes needed to localise lesions of dentine hypersensitivity include loss of enamel and/or gingival recession. Whilst tooth brushing with or without toothpaste appears to cause minimal wear to enamel (in the absence of acids), circumstantial evidence implicates tooth brushing with gingival recession and exposure of dentine. Other tooth wear processes notably attrition and acid erosion cause loss of enamel and can expose dentine. Therefore sensitivity may result. How lesions of dentine hypersensitivity are initiated is a matter of conjecture and based on extrapolating data from studies, mainly in vitro, to affect in vivo. Again this circumstantial type of evidence suggests that abrasion by some toothpastes and erosion by dietary acid could open the tubule system. Little is known about the actual effect of desensitising toothpastes on lesions of dentine hypersensitivity even though they are formulated to either occlude dentinal tubules or block the neural response in the pulp. Clinical studies have produced contradictory findings for the efficacy of products and there have been extremely few evidence based reviews. In conclusion, available evidence supports a probable link of tooth brushing, with or without toothpaste and an acidic diet to both tooth wear and dentine hypersensitivity, and suggests also that dentine hypersensitivity is a tooth wear phenomenon. Although there is a need for more direct clinical and scientific evidence for these associations, it is recommended that they be taken into consideration when planning management strategies for the dentine hypersensitivity sufferer.     

Dentine hypersensitivity: the effects of brushing toothpaste on etched and unetched dentine in vitro

Although many people have exposed dentine, only a percentage exhibit symptoms of dentine hypersensitivity. This has been ascribed to opening and closing of the dentinal tubules by for example, smear layer changes or tubular occlusion. The aims of this study were to examine the surface morphological changes of etched and unetched dentine in vitro, attributed to the effects of toothbrushing with and without toothpastes designed for the alleviation of dentine hypersensitivity. A total of 96 etched and 96 unetched human dentine specimens were brushed with various toothpastes and water for 1, 2, 5 or 10-min periods in a toothbrushing machine and subsequently examined under scanning electron microscopy for surface changes. Analyses of brushed etched specimens demonstrated that time and treatment were significant variables (P < 0.05) for tubule occlusion. Further, the interaction between time and treatment was significant (P < 0.05). The artificial silica based paste was significantly better for all time intervals at occluding the dentine tubules. All toothpastes investigated caused dynamic changes to the smear layer of the unetched dentine, opening tubules. However, the artificial silica based paste resulted in occluded rather than patent tubules. All of the pastes evaluated had the capacity to remove the smear layer but some could then occlude tubules through the contained abrasives.     

The prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in Chinese adults

Dentine hypersensitivity is a common oral problem. This study investigated the prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in the adult population of Shanghai, China. A multi-stage, stratified, random sampling method was used to investigate the study population. A total of 2120 subjects were examined at 10 investigation points in Shanghai City. Subjects were divided into age groups (10 years per age group) and included the same number of male and female subjects in each group. Participants completed a dentine hypersensitivity questionnaire and underwent clinical examination. The diagnosis of dentine hypersensitivity was confirmed clinically as a sharp well-localised pain in response to administration of a blast of cold air from a triple syringe. Gingival recession of sensitive teeth was measured by a Williams periodontal probe. Among 2120 participants, 723 were diagnosed as having dentine hypersensitivity, indicating a prevalence of 34·1%. The male to female ratio of dentine hypersensitivity was 1:1·5. The prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity was highest in the 40- to 49-year age group at 43·9%. The number of teeth with dentine hypersensitivity was 3·2 per patient. Dentine hypersensitivity occurred predominantly in the premolars (49·6%), followed by the anterior teeth (30·5%). A total of 84·3% of dentine hypersensitive patients had gingival recession. The prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in Shanghai adults was 34·1%, indicating that it is a common condition. Therefore, public education about the condition and effective treatment of dentine hypersensitivity are required.