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1.
目的 探讨前路有限减压相邻椎体单节段植骨内固定治疗Denis B型胸腰椎爆裂骨折的可行性及临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析10例应用前路有限减压相邻椎体单节段植骨内固定术治疗Denis B型胸腰椎爆裂骨折的患者,观察复位、植骨融合、神经功能恢复、矫正丢失、腰痛、腰椎活动情况及融合椎体相邻椎间盘退变等并发症发生情况.结果 所有患者术后均获得6~29 个月(平均14个月)的随访.术后随访3~5 个月时达骨性融合,所有患者均获得满意复位,复位率达95%.重建的椎体高度无丢失,神经功能恢复1~2级.术后腰痛症状明显缓解,未出现顽固性腰痛、腰椎活动受限等并发症.融合节段相邻椎问盘未见明显退变,临床效果优于多节段内固定. 结论只要适应证选择合适,前路有限减压相邻椎体单节段植骨内固定可达到满意复位、坚强骨性融合、良好的神经功能恢复,且较三椎体二节段固定可减少固定节段、降低腰椎活动受限及相邻椎间盘退变等并发症的发生.  相似文献   

2.
后外侧融合对胸腰椎爆裂型骨折疗效的影响   总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7  
目的 观察后外侧融合对预防胸腰椎爆裂型骨折短节段固定失败的作用及意义。方法 本组60例胸腰椎爆裂型骨折患者,A组30例均为我院收治患者,B组30例均为外院手术来我院复查的患者。A组行短节段内固定自体髂骨植骨、后外侧融合术;B组仅行短节段内固定,未植骨融合。平均随访16个月,在X线侧位片上测量Cobb角、伤椎后凸角及矢状面指数(SI),临床疗效评价采用下腰痛评分法(low back outcome score,LBOS)。结果 手术前、后两组间Cobb角、伤椎后凸角、SI比较,差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05),而末次随访时两组间Cobb角、伤椎后凸角、SI比较,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。LBOS评分A组的优良率为73%(22/30),B组仅为43%(13/30)。结论 后外侧融合是降低内固定失败、减少纠正丢失等并发症的有效措施,只行内固定而不做植骨融合明显增高了并发症的发生率,是不恰当的手术方式。  相似文献   

3.
目的 对胸腰椎爆裂骨折行前路手术和后路手术的患者进行回顾性研究,客观评价不同手术入路治疗后的影像学结果,为胸腰椎爆裂骨折的外科治疗提供可靠的参考.方法 筛选2003年1月-2005年12月收治的41例胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者作为研究对象,随访24~48个月,平均38个月.按照手术人路分为前路手术和后路手术两组.根据随访X线侧位片测量Cobb角作为效果评价标准,并进行统计学分析.结果 前路手术组共19例,人院时平均Cobb角为27.3°,术后为3.1°,随访结束时为4.6°;后路手术组共22例,入院时平均Cobb角为26.1°,术后为3.0°,随访结束时为12.5°.两组患者术前和术后即刻Cobb角差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但随访结束时两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 前路手术对于改善和维持胸腰椎爆裂骨折后凸角度优于后路手术.  相似文献   

4.
后路单节段椎弓根钉复位固定治疗创伤性胸腰椎骨折   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
目的探讨用后路单节段椎弓根钉复位固定治疗胸腰椎骨折的可行性和疗效。方法2003年9月-2006年10月,我科共行单节段椎弓根钉骨折椎固定复位治疗胸腰骨折患者70例,其中男50例,女20例;平均年龄39、7岁。骨折按A0分类法分型:A型54例,B型16例。术中将两对椎弓根钉置入骨折椎与相邻正常椎中,复位固定,原位取骨行椎间关节融合。结果手术用时平均87min,术中出血量平均165ml,切121长度7~10cm。46例获得1年以上随访,平均随访时间18.6个月(12—35个月),无一例内固定断裂或松动,全部获得骨性融合。术中及术后骨折椎的椎体压缩程度和节段后凸角度与术前相比明显改善(P〈0.01),且术后3,6和12个月骨折椎椎体压缩程度和节段后凸角度的纠正与术中相比无明显丢失(P〉0.05)。结论经骨折椎单椎间复位固定融合术治疗胸腰椎骨折创伤小,脊椎运动功能单位的丢失更少且不易发生内固定松动或折损,可用于多数胸腰椎骨折。  相似文献   

5.
经伤椎椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
目的总结经伤椎椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的临床经验。方法1999—2007年收治70例胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者,其中男59例,女11例;年龄20—65岁。单一节段骨折66例,其中L1骨折28例,L2骨折13例,L3骨折10例,L4骨折4例,L5骨折2例,T11骨折2例,T12骨折7例;双节段骨折3例,其中T12~L1、L1-L2和L2-L3骨折各1例;三节段骨折1例,为T12~L2。神经功能按Frankel分级:A级6例,B级26例,C级14例,D级7例,E级17例。术前椎体前缘高平均32%,后凸角平均25°,术前、术后均行X线检查。内固定方式:钛板系统(DRFS)65例,钛棒系统5例(PRSS1例,USS1例,CD3例)。结果术后随访0.5~5年,平均2.3年,术后椎体前缘高度术后恢复至95%,后凸角矫正至前凸5°。术后神经功能恢复情况:A级6例,B级18例,C级19例,D级5例,E级22例。结论经伤椎椎弓根植骨螺钉内固定可以恢复脊柱生理弯曲及伤椎前缘高度,使骨折块复位,为神经功能恢复创造条件,是治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的一种较好方法。DRFS钢板操作简单、固定效果确切,适合伤椎内固定物的选择。  相似文献   

6.
后路椎弓根固定加椎间植骨治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
目的 探讨后路椎弓根螺钉同定联合椎间植骨治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的疗效. 方法对62例胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者采用后路减压国产通用型脊柱固定系统(general spine system, GSS)椎弓根螺钉固定联合椎间植骨融合手术,比较术前、术后相邻椎体上下终板成角(Cobb角)、椎体前缘高度与正常高度的比值、椎管骨性占位率等指标,了解术后骨折复位情况以及随访期间内固定有无失败和复位丢,大情况. 结果通过手术减压复位,Cobb角、椎体前缘高度与正常高度的比值、椎管骨性占位率均明显改善.术后随访测量与术后相比无明显变化,无一例发生内固定失败. 结论后路椎弓根螺钉联合椎间植骨治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折可以有效防止内固定失败、复位丢失和后凸畸形,是治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折较理想的方法.  相似文献   

7.
侧前方经椎间孔入路减压治疗胸腰椎爆裂型骨折   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
尽管对于胸腰椎爆裂型骨折治疗的手术进路选择仍然存在争议 ,但是由于前路手术存在减压直接、彻底及稳定性重建可靠等优点而受到许多学者推崇[1]。目前最常采用的术式是经腹 (胸 )膜外入路 ,但存在创伤大、操作技术要求高等问题。本院对经典入路进行改进 ,发展为侧前方经椎间孔入路 ,具有创伤小、恢复快等优点。现总结报告已往病例 ,同时与经腹膜外入路进行对比研究。临床资料与方法一、一般资料收集 1998年 6月~ 2 0 0 2年 12月间收治的资料完整的胸腰椎爆裂型骨折10 4例 ,男 73例 ,女 3 1例 ;年龄 18~ 64岁 ,平均 43岁。损伤节段 :T119…  相似文献   

8.
目的 探讨保留椎体后壁的前路技术治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的临床疗效.方法2005年5月-2010年5月,采用保留椎体后壁的前路技术治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折68例.测量术前、术后及随访时胸胺椎骨折节段的Cobb角、椎管狭窄率,采用Frankel分级法评价脊髓功能恢复状况.结果所有患者均顺利完成手术,无瘫痪症状加重、脑脊液漏及切口感染,气胸3例经对症处理治愈.骨折椎体开槽后行螺钉撑开椎问高度及后凸畸形恢复68例;因骨块粉碎严重,骨碎块松脱行骨块取出致硬膜囊部分裸露19例.其中3例出现脑脊液漏用安可胶封堵;术中C形臂X线机透视怀疑骨折块复位不全采用腰椎管逆行造影8例,有3例因椎管造影仍有梗阻改为椎体后壁切除,其中骨折椎体撑开不足2例,后纵韧带后方骨块翻转取出1例.椎体后壁保留95%(65/68).52例患者获得3个月~4.5年(平均2.2年)随访,无腰背部后凸畸形,腰背部酸胀疼痛5例.脊髓功能(Frankel分级)除5例A级无恢复外,均有1~3级的改善.术前68例胸腰椎Cobb 角平均18.2°,末次随访时52例Cobb角平均9.7°;术前椎管狭窄率平均42%,末次随访时CT扫描17例椎管狭窄率9%.未见钉板或钉棒系统断裂,钢板螺钉松动下沉4例.结论胸腰椎爆裂骨折采用前路技术治疗大部分患者可保留椎体后壁.
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the clinical result and feasibility of anterior approach with posterior vertebral wall preserved in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture with or without paraplegia. Methods From 2005 to 2010, 68 patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture were treated by corpectomy, strut graft and instrumentation with preserved posterior vertebral wall. There were 49 males and 19 females at average age of 39.8 years (16-62 years). Kyphotic Cobb' s angle and spinal stenotic rate was measured preoperatively and postoperatively. The neurological status was evaluated with Frankel impairment scale. Results All patients were successfully managed with this technique, with no neurological deteriorations, cerebrospinal fluid leakage or incision infections except for the pneumothorax in three patients who were then cured through expectant treatment. Screw distraction was performed for restoration of the disc height and kyphosis in 68 patients. After the fractured fragment became loose and was removed, the dura matter was exposed in 19 patients including the eerebrospinal fluid leakage in three patients. Retrograde lumbar myelography was applied in eight patients, of whom there found the blocked spinal canal in three patients and excision of the posterior vertebral wall was performed. Lack of vertebral distraction was found in two patients and extraction of the reversed bone fracture behind the posterior longitudinal ligament was performed in one. The preservation rate of the posterior vertebral wall was 95% (65/68). Fifty-two patients were followed up for mean 2.2 years (from 3 months to 4.5 years) ,which showed no lower back kyphosis. There showed 1-3 Frankel grades of improvement in spinal cord function except for five patients at Frankel grade A. The Cobb angle was average 18.2° in 68 patients preoperatively and was corrected to 9.7°in 52 patients at last follow-up. CT scan showed that the stenotic rate was 42% preoperatively and 9% at final follow up in 68 patients,with no breakage of the screw and plate. Conclusion In the management of thoracolumbar burst fractures,anterior approach is helpful for preservation of the posterior vertebral wall.  相似文献   

9.
Objective To evaluate the clinical result and feasibility of anterior approach with posterior vertebral wall preserved in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture with or without paraplegia. Methods From 2005 to 2010, 68 patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture were treated by corpectomy, strut graft and instrumentation with preserved posterior vertebral wall. There were 49 males and 19 females at average age of 39.8 years (16-62 years). Kyphotic Cobb' s angle and spinal stenotic rate was measured preoperatively and postoperatively. The neurological status was evaluated with Frankel impairment scale. Results All patients were successfully managed with this technique, with no neurological deteriorations, cerebrospinal fluid leakage or incision infections except for the pneumothorax in three patients who were then cured through expectant treatment. Screw distraction was performed for restoration of the disc height and kyphosis in 68 patients. After the fractured fragment became loose and was removed, the dura matter was exposed in 19 patients including the eerebrospinal fluid leakage in three patients. Retrograde lumbar myelography was applied in eight patients, of whom there found the blocked spinal canal in three patients and excision of the posterior vertebral wall was performed. Lack of vertebral distraction was found in two patients and extraction of the reversed bone fracture behind the posterior longitudinal ligament was performed in one. The preservation rate of the posterior vertebral wall was 95% (65/68). Fifty-two patients were followed up for mean 2.2 years (from 3 months to 4.5 years) ,which showed no lower back kyphosis. There showed 1-3 Frankel grades of improvement in spinal cord function except for five patients at Frankel grade A. The Cobb angle was average 18.2° in 68 patients preoperatively and was corrected to 9.7°in 52 patients at last follow-up. CT scan showed that the stenotic rate was 42% preoperatively and 9% at final follow up in 68 patients,with no breakage of the screw and plate. Conclusion In the management of thoracolumbar burst fractures,anterior approach is helpful for preservation of the posterior vertebral wall.  相似文献   

10.
目的 回顾分析胸腰椎爆裂骨折去除内固定后是否继发后凸畸形.方法 18例胸腰椎爆裂骨折(T11~L2)采用短节段椎弓根钉固定术,术后1年取出内固定物,测量内固定取出术后0.5~2年Cobb角度变化及伤椎椎体高度的变化.结果 18例患者(35~68岁)术后随访6~24个月(平均18.7个月),无术中、术后并发症发生,无椎弓根钉断裂或松动现象.与取内固定钉前相比,16例无骨质疏松患者取钉后6个月Cobb角平均丢失0.7°,椎体高度丢失0.8 mm;取钉后1年Cobb角平均丢失1.9°,椎体高度丢失1.1 mm(P>0.05);取钉后2年Cobb角平均丢失2.4°,椎体高度丢失1.3mm(P>0.05).合并骨质疏松的2例患者,取钉后6个月Cobb角丢失6°、8°,椎体高度丢失3mm、5 mm;取钉后1年Cobb角丢失13°、17°,椎体高度丢失5 mm、7 mm;取钉后2年Cobb角丢失15°、19°,椎体高度丢失6 mm、7.5 mm.结论 胸腰椎爆裂骨折内固定术后脊柱后凸畸形会有轻度发展,但椎体高度丢失并不明显.若合并骨质疏松,胸腰椎爆裂骨折内固定术后脊柱后凸畸形会明显发展.
Abstract:
Objective To retrospectively analyze whether the kyphosis exists after removal of the internal fixators for thoracolumabar vertebrae fractures. Methods A total of 18 patients (35-68 years old) with thoracolumabar vertebrae fractures (T11-L2 ) were fixed with short segment pedical screw. The fixators were removed one year postoperatively to observe the changes of the Cobb' s angle and trauma vertebra'height. Results All the patients were followed up for 6-24 months ( average 18.7 months),which showed no intraoperative or postoperative complication, breakage or loosening of the screws. Compared to the Cobb angle and the vertebra height before removal of the internal fixators, the average loss of the Cobb angle was 0.7° and that of the vertebra height was 0.8 mm six months after removal of the fixators, 1.9° and 1.1 mm respectively one year after removal of the fixators, and 2.4° and 1.3 mm respectively two years after removal of the fixators in 16 patients without osteoporosis (P >0. 05). Among two patients with osteoporosis, the average loss of the Cobb angle and the vertebra height was 6° and 8°respectively and 3 mm and 5 mm respectively six months after removal of the fixators; 13° and 17° respectively and 5 mm and 7 mm respectively one year after removal of the fixators; 15° and 19° respectively and 6 mm and 7.5 mm two years after removal of the fixators. Conclusions After the internal fixation for thoracolumbar vertebrae burst fractures, kyphosis develops mildly, with insignificant change of the vertebral height. While the kyphosis becomes worse after removal of the fixators for thoracolumbar vertebrae burst fractures in patients with osteoporosis.  相似文献   

11.
目的 评价纳米羟基磷灰石/聚酰胺66(nano-hydrxyapatite crystal,n-HA/polyamide 66,PA66)椎间支撑体治疗爆裂性胸腰椎骨折的中期临床效果。 方法 2007年12月-2008年12月,对87例爆裂性胸腰椎骨折患者采用前路减压n-HA/PA66椎间支撑体植骨融合内固定治疗,对临床效果、安全性及影像学结果进行评估。 结果 平均随访21.3个月(17 ~24个月)。术后无神经损害加重患者。除4例Frankel A级患者,所有患者神经功能均有1~2级恢复。矢状位后凸角术前为(14.4±12.6)°,术后为(3.7±8.7)°,末次随访时为(4.0±8.3)°。伤椎邻近上下椎体间高度术前为(96.9±17.2) mm,术后为(109.5±17.1)mm,末次随访时为(108.3±16.4)mm。随访期间未见椎间支撑体移位、内固定断裂或神经功能损害加重。58例达到E级融合,22例D级融合,7例C级融合。 结论 前路减压n-HA/PA66椎间支撑体植骨融合内固定治疗爆裂性胸腰椎骨折安全可行。术后椎间高度恢复满意,后凸畸形纠正明显,中期随访椎体间高度无丢失,融合满意。  相似文献   

12.
目的 探讨前路减压加后路硬膜内松解治疗陈旧性胸腰段骨折伴不全瘫的效果.方法 对2004年1月-2008年1月收入我院的22例陈旧性胸腰段骨折伴不全瘫患者采用前路减压加后路硬膜内松解术,该22例患者均已在外院行后路减压椎弓根系统内固定术,术后神经功能较术前恢复不明显,且CT证实椎管内仍有骨性压迫,MRI显示脊髓连续性仍存在.除2例患者改为前路减压Z-plate固定外,其余20例均保留原椎弓根系统,仅植入自体髂骨.术后3~6个月Ⅱ期行后路硬膜内显微松解术. 结果 19例获随访,随访时间17~49个月(平均28个月).减压术后22例中20例有不同程度的神经功能改善,ASIA运动评分由术前的平均59.4分提高到术后的平均71.3分.Ⅱ期后路硬膜内松解后,获随访的19例患者均有不同程度的改善,ASIA评分最后提高到平均80.6分. 结论对于陈旧性胸腰段骨折伴不全瘫患者,除了前路骨性压迫的减压外,硬膜内瘢痕及纤维束带压迫的松解也是非常重要的.  相似文献   

13.
目的 评价胸腰段脊柱严重爆裂骨折前、后路器械不同固定方式的临床疗效,为今后的治疗选择提供依据。方法 通过72例胸腰段脊柱严重爆裂骨折前路(前路组,34例)或后路(后路组,38例)器械不同固定方式的临床疗效及影像学观察,评判其脊柱矫形、椎管减压、坐立或行走时间、脊柱融合率及美国脊髓损伤协会(ASIA)神经功能分级等两组间差异。结果 随访时间后路组5个月-5年11个月,平均3年8个月;前路组2个月-4年5个月,平均2年4个月。前路组除出血较多外,其脊柱矫形、椎管减压、坐立或行走时间、脊柱融合率明显优于后路组,差异有显著性意义和非常显著性意义(P<0.05和P<0.01)。ASIA分级:后路组术前A级6例,B级7例,C级11例,D级14例;前路组术前A级8例,B级6例,C级5例,D组15例。两组术后ALIA分级:后路组A级3例,B级6例,C级8例,D级12例,E级9例;前路组A级2例,B级2例,C级3例,D级13例,E级14例。前路组ASIA分级平均增加1.8级,而后路组仅增加1.2级。结论 胸腰段脊柱严重爆裂骨折,以前路减压、Z-plate内固定及钛网技术为较佳治疗选择,值得进一步推广应用。  相似文献   

14.
目的 探讨对于轻度神经损伤的不稳定AO A型胸腰段骨折,不进行减压及融合,单纯行短节段椎弓根螺钉固定手术的疗效. 方法对比分析我院2004年2月-2008年2月手术治疗的AO A型胸腰段骨折(T11~L2)患者42例,分为A组(未植骨组,21例),予单纯短节段椎弓根螺钉固定,而未行椎板切除减压及植骨;B组(植骨组,15例),予椎弓根螺钉固定,不进行椎板切除减压但植骨.对两组术前及术后后凸角、椎体压缩高度进行比较分析. 结果 A组术前局部后凸角平均19.1°(15.4°~29.8°),椎体压缩高度平均46%(30%~63%);术后局部后凸角5.00(0.3°~10.3°),椎体压缩高度10%(0~28%),后凸矫正率79%.平均随访21.2(12~46)个月,随访超过12个月患者21例,末次随访后凸角平均7.0°(1.8°~10.7°),椎体压缩高度10%(2%~22%).B组术前局部后凸角平均25.8°(15.9°~34.5°),椎体压缩高度平均55%(30%~76%);术后局部后凸角7.1°(1.5°~19.1°),椎体压缩高度15%(0~28%),后凸矫正率74%.平均随访17.9(12~31)个月,随访超过12个月患者15例,末次随访后凸角平均8.3°(0.7°~19.2°),椎体压缩高度15%(1%~26%),植骨全部愈合,所有患者末次随访时均无明显腰痛症状,无内固定断裂或椎弓根螺钉拔出.后凸角和椎体压缩高度两组间差异无统计学意义.结论 对于一些神经损伤较轻的AO A型胸腰段骨折,在选择椎弓根螺钉固定时,可考虑不进行椎板切除减压,也不行后外侧植骨融合.  相似文献   

15.
短节段经伤椎椎弓根螺钉治疗胸腰段骨折   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 探讨短节段经伤椎椎弓根螺钉治疗胸腰段骨折的适应证、手术方法及临床疗效.方法 对我科从2005年1月至2008年12月收治的38例压缩性骨折和轻中度爆裂性骨折行短节段椎弓根螺钉内固定组(A组)和短节段经伤椎椎弓根螺钉内固定组(B组)各19例.采用伤椎椎体恢复度(R)值(伤椎前缘高度/临近椎体前缘高度的均值×100%)、伤椎后凸Cobb角、神经功能恢复情况(Frankel评分)、患者疼痛的视觉模拟疼痛评分(VSA)及内固定状况进行比较.结果 所有患者均得到6~37个月(平均20.5个月)随访.两种术式术后Frankel评分无明显差异,但B组VAS评分、R值、Cobb角恢复明显优于A组.A组出现螺帽松动、螺钉折弯各1例,无内固定物断裂、松动、脱出.结论 采用短节段经伤椎椎弓根螺钉是治疗压缩性和轻中度爆裂性胸腰段骨折的一种切实有效的方法.  相似文献   

16.
目的观察Arista微孔多聚糖止血球(microporous polysaccharide hemospheres,MPH)在胸腰椎骨折前路减压术中的止血作用。方法 参与本研究的患者分观察组和对照组两组。对照组:2004年2月-2005年1月,本科收治的15例行前路减压、植骨融合内固定术的新鲜胸腰段椎体骨折患者,术中使用传统局部止血手段。观察组:2005年2月~2006年1月,本科收治的21例行前路减压、植骨融合内同定术的新鲜胸腰段椎体骨折患者,术中除使用传统止血手段外均加用MPH行局部止血。观察两组在手术时间、术中出血量、术前与术后48h血常规的变化,术中及术后48h输血量及输血率等的区别。结果 观察组在手术时间(216.54min:264.62min)、术中出血量(807.69ml:1423.07m1)、输血量(476ml:845m1)及输血率(32%:56%)等方面较对照组显著减少(P<0.05)。观察组术后48hRBC计数(2.62:2.35)、Hb(88.75:81.45)均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论MPH在胸腰椎骨折前路减压术中具有快速、有效、持久的止血效果,是减少胸腰椎骨折前路减压术中出血的有效手段。  相似文献   

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