超声心动图测量心外膜脂肪组织预测脑梗死

目的 观察超声心动图测量心外膜脂肪组织（EAT）在预测脑梗死中的临床价值。方法 收集老年脑梗死患者（病变组）133例和无脑梗死患者61例（对照组）。比较病变组各亚组与对照组间一般资料、右心室前壁及心尖部EAT厚度的差异,评价上述参数与脑梗死的相关性;绘制ROC曲线,计算AUC,确定诊断阈值。结果 病变组各亚组与对照组一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。病变组各亚组与对照组右心室前壁EAT厚度差异有统计学意义（P=0.037）,其中NLI亚组右心室前壁EAT明显厚于LI亚组及对照组（P均<0.05）,而LI亚组与对照组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。病变组各亚组与对照组心尖部EAT厚度差异无统计学意义（P=0.772）。右心室前壁EAT增厚与NLI发生呈低度正相关（r=0.277,P=0.006）,与LI发生无明显相关性（r=0.056,P=0.679）;其余参数与NLI及LI均无明显相关性（P均>0.05）。右心室前壁EAT诊断NLI的AUC为0.690（P=0.006）,诊断阈值为11.54 mm,敏感度63.94%,特异度76.32%。结论 右心室前壁EAT增厚与NLI发生呈低度正相关。超声心动图测量EAT增厚可为临床预测NLI提供影像学信息。     

超声测量心外膜脂肪组织厚度在慢性心力衰竭患者中的临床价值

目的 :探讨采用超声测量心外膜脂肪组织(epicardial adipose tissue,EAT)厚度,研究其评价慢性收缩性心力衰竭(心衰)患者心脏重构、心功能参数、电机械同步性等的临床价值。方法:选择78例心衰患者,平均左心室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)为31.8%±7.9%,住院期间接受常规超声心动图和组织多普勒检查,并测量EAT厚度。另选择同期健康体检者30名作为对照进行比较分析。结果:1超声测量心衰患者的右室前壁EAT厚度范围在0.3~10.2 mm间,平均厚度为(3.6±2.1)mm,其EAT厚度较对照者[(4.9±1.5)mm]显著降低(P=0.03);根据QRS宽度将心衰患者分为2组,QRS宽度≥120 ms者的EAT厚度又显著低于QRS宽度     

基于超声测量的心外膜脂肪组织厚度预测冠心病的价值

目的 :探讨心外膜脂肪组织厚度(epicardial adipose tissue thickness,EATT)对冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(coronary atherosclerotic heart disease,CAD)的预测价值,寻找无创诊断CAD的手段。方法 :134例疑诊为CAD的患者,经冠状动脉CT造影检查确诊为CAD 56例。采用超声检查测量患者的EATT,比较CAD(n=56)与非CAD(n=78)患者的暴露因素,用多因素二分类Logistic回归分析筛选CAD的独立预测因素,并用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线评价EATT诊断CAD的效能。结果 :(1)CAD组与非CAD组的EATT分别为(6.45±1.71)mm和(4.89±1.41)mm,2组间差异有统计学意义(t=5.781,P0.001)。(2)在校正了体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、年龄、高血压、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)和CAD家族史等混杂因素的作用后,EATT与CAD间有独立相关性(OR=3.753,P0.001)。(3)EATT预测CAD的ROC曲线下面积为0.760(P0.001),以5.55 mm作为临界值,其诊断CAD的灵敏度、特异度和一致率分别为71.43%、71.80%和71.64%。结论:EATT与CAD发病独立相关,可用于CAD高危人群的初步筛查。     

超声测量心外膜脂肪组织厚度与冠状动脉病变的相关性研究

目的 评价经超声测量的心外膜脂肪组织厚度(EAT)和冠状动脉病变的相关性.方法 147例接受冠状动脉造影患者,根据造影结果分为冠心病组101例,非冠心病组46例;超声测量EAT,对各组之间的EAT值进行比较,观察EAT与冠心病之间的关系.结果 冠心病组与非冠心病组EAT值分别为(7.41±1.63)mm和(4.41±1.60)mm,冠心病组的EAT值显著升高(P＜0.01).严重冠状动脉病变组EAT较轻度冠状动脉病变组EAT明显升高[(8.53±1.00)mm对(6.36±1.73)mm,P＜0.01].冠状动脉Gensini评分与EAT呈正相关(r=0.71,P＜0.001).以EAT值≥5.35 mm预测冠心病的敏感性为87.13%,特异件为80.43%,ROC曲线下面积为0.89(95%可信区间0.84-0.95,P=0.01).结论 超声测量心外膜脂肪组织厚度简易无创,可能是一个评价冠心病风险的辅助指标,和冠状动脉病变严重程度显著相关.     

心外膜超声的临床应用

心外膜超声(IEE)是国内近年来逐渐兴起的一门新型超声诊断学科,其综合了体表超声和食管超声的优点,有效地克服了两者的不足。其独特的检查方法,具有声窗开阔,声束途径短,探头频率高的优点,避免了体表超声因声窗所限,图像不清造成误诊漏诊,克服了食管超声在年龄、病种、切     

超声对心脏心外膜脂肪组织的诊断价值

<正>近年来,糖尿病和冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(以下简称冠心病)的发病率日趋增长,心外膜脂肪组织(EAT)与冠心病、代谢综合征等密切相关。心脏超声检查时,EAT表现为右室前方低-无回声区,容易与心包脂肪组织(PAT)和心包积液相混淆。本组通过常规心脏超声结合高频超声检查对心脏表面EAT进行观察测量,研究其声像图特点,旨在探讨超声对EAT的诊断价值。资料与方法一、临床资料选取2011年1月至2014年6月我院门诊及住院心脏超声     

高频超声测量心外膜脂肪组织厚度与冠心病危险因素的相关性分析

目的 采用高频超声技术探讨冠心病患者心外膜脂肪(EAT)厚度与冠心病危险因素的相关性.方法 84例患者根据冠脉造影结果分为冠脉正常组(28例)、冠心病单支病变组(28例)、冠心病多支病变组(28例),用高频超声分别测量EAT厚度和颈动脉IMT,将EAT厚度与颈动脉IMT等冠心病危险因素进行相关性分析.结果 冠心病单支病...     

高频超声测量心外膜脂肪组织厚度与冠心病危险因素的相关性分析

Objective To explore the correlation between epicardial adipose tissue(EAT) thickness and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease.Methods According to the results of coronary angiography,84 cases of patients undergone coronary angiography were divided into the normal control group(28 patients),coronary artery disease group with single-vessel lesion (28 patients),coronary artery disease group with multi-vessels lesion(28 patients),respectively,then measured the EAT thickness and carotid intima-media thickness(IMT) by high-frequency ultrasound.A correlation analysis was carried out between the EAT and IMT and cardiovascular risk factors.Results In either coronary artery disease group with single-vessel lesion or multi-vessels lesion,the thicknesses of EAT and IMT were significantly higher than those in the normal control group(P ＜0.01),and the difference between group of single-vessel lesion and multi-vessels lesion was also statistically significant (P ＜0.01).A correlation analysis between the EAT and IMT and cardiovascular risk factors showed that there were significantly positive correlations between EAT and the IMT,age,weight,waist circumference,body mass index,low-density lipoprotein,Creactive protein (r = 0.124～0.790,P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01),and the significantly negative correlation between EAT and high-density lipoprotein (r = - 0.203,P ＜ 0.05).Correlation between EAT and the IMT was 0.678,0.713,0.737 in the normal control group,group with single-vessel lesion,group with multivessels lesion,respectively.Conclusions There were favorable correlation between EAT and carotid IMT in cardiovascular risk factors.The more severity of coronary heart disease,the more high correlations of EAT and IMT.EAT can be a valuable index in evaluating coronary artery disease.     

心外膜超声心动图在心脏外科手术中的应用研究

目的探讨心外膜超声心动图在心脏外科手术中的应用价值。方法采用成人及儿童经胸超声探头,体外循环开放并复跳后行心外膜超声心动图对258例心脏手术患者行术中监测,提供瓣膜功能情况、左心室收缩功能、有无残余分流等信息。结果 98例常规排气后示心腔积气,排气后超声显示至积气消失。8例(换瓣或室壁瘤切除术)探查发现节段性左室壁功能异常,8例瓣膜成形术后示反流偏多,5例瓣膜置换术发现瓣周偏多反流,3例室间隔缺损修补术探查发现较多残余分流,均再次转机修补后分流消失,无感染、出血、严重心律失常等并发症发生。结论心外膜超声心动图操作简易,适应证广,能够即刻评价手术疗效,在心脏外科手术中具有一定临床应用价值。     

超声心动图测量心外膜脂肪层厚度对冠心病的预测价值研究

目的探讨心外膜脂肪层厚度对冠心病的预测价值。方法选择拟诊为冠心病,拟行冠状动脉造影的患者83例,根据临床诊断结果分为3组:急性冠脉综合征(acute coronary intervention,ACS)组36例,稳定型心绞痛(stable angina,SA)组28例及对照组19例。采集胸骨旁左心室长轴切面和心尖四腔心切面的二维动态图像,分别测量舒张末期冠状沟与心尖切迹中间的右室前壁前、左心室后壁后以及心尖切迹处的心外膜脂肪层厚度(epicardial fat thickness,EFT)。比较3组患者PET的差异,并绘制受试者工作特征曲线。结果 ACS组EFT较SA组及对照组明显增厚(P0.001),且SA组明显高于对照组(P0.01)。以EFT≥3.25 mm作为诊断冠心病的标准,敏感度为73.4%,特异度为89.5%;以EFT≥3.35 mm作为诊断ACS的标准,敏感度为91.7%,特异度为68.1%。结论超声心动图测量心外膜脂肪层厚度是一种简便、无创预测冠心病和ACS的方法。     

超声测量心外膜脂肪厚度评价利拉鲁肽治疗肥胖型T2DM的疗效

目的 通过超声测量心外膜脂肪（EAT）厚度来评价利拉鲁肽治疗肥胖型2型糖尿病（T2DM）的疗效。方法 纳入36例肥胖T2DM患者,采取利拉鲁肽单一药物治疗。分别于治疗前和治疗3个月后应用超声测量患者的EAT厚度,同时测量体格指标和检测空腹血糖（FBG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）等生化指标。分析治疗前后EAT的变化与体格指标的变化之间是否相关。结果 患者的EAT厚度在治疗后明显降低（P<0.05）,并且EAT厚度变化与腰围（WC）、臀围（HC）及体质指数（BMI）变化存在正相关。 结论 可以通过超声测量EAT厚度评估利拉鲁肽治疗肥胖型T2DM的效果。     

心外膜超声心动图在心脏瓣膜手术中的应用价值

目的 评价心外膜超声心动图在心脏瓣膜手术中的应用价值.方法 应用经食管多平面超声探头对46例心脏瓣膜置换和成形术患者术中行心外膜超声心动图检测,观察心内结构和各瓣膜功能、左心室收缩功能、有无残余分流等信息.结果 46例患者术中心外膜超声表现异常12例(占26.1％).15例瓣膜成形术中2例二尖瓣成形术后因瓣膜反流显著而改为瓣膜置换;31例瓣膜置换术中1例发现瓣周漏,3例术中发现左心耳部位血栓,1例术中发现合并卵圆孔未闭,5例超声提示低心排量,左心室收缩功能减退.结论 心外膜超声心动图具有图像显示清晰、切面选择方便、迅速的特点,是评价心外科瓣膜手术效果的有效方法.     

Vasodilation of epicardial coronary artery can be measured with transthoracic echocardiography

Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTE) has been introduced as a noninvasive tool to measure coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR). Velocity measurement, however, fails to take into account epicardial coronary artery vasodilation during hyperemia and this may cause underestimation of CFVR measurements. Therefore, we sought to determine whether the vasodilation of epicardial coronary artery can be measured during cold pressor test (CPT) and adenosine infusion simultaneously with the flow velocity measurement using TTE. We studied 41 healthy nonsmoking men with a linear high-frequency 8.0-MHz transducer. The CPT and adenosine infusion dilated the diameter of the distal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) from 1.4 +/- 0.4 mm to 1.5 +/- 0.4 mm (14 +/- 13%, p < 0.01) and from 1.4 +/- 0.4 mm to 1.8 +/- 0.5 mm (31 +/- 19%, p < 0.01), respectively. The CPT increased flow velocity and calculated coronary blood flow rate (velocity time integral x cross-sectional area) from 0.23 +/- 0.05 m/s to 0.36 +/- 0.13 m/s (31 +/- 34%, p < 0.01) and from 8.1 +/- 4.2 mL/min to 11.4 +/- 6.0 mL/min (47 +/- 51%, p < 0.01). CFVR and calculated coronary blood flow rate reserve were 3.9 +/- 1.0 and 6.0 +/- 1.9, respectively. In Bland-Altman analysis, velocity measurements underestimated the vasodilation response of the CPT and adenosine compared with the measurements where epicardial diameter dilation was taken into account. Intra- and interobserver variability of diameter measurements was low (coefficient of variation [CV] 2.6 to 6.5%). Day-to-day, within-day and intersonographer variabilities were of similar magnitude (CV 4.6 to 8.2%), suggesting good reproducibility. This study demonstrates that TTE can be used to assess changes in both epicardial coronary artery diameter and flow velocity simultaneously in the distal LAD artery.     

心外膜脂肪组织体积与冠状动脉粥样斑块的关系

目的 探讨CT测量心外膜脂肪组织的体积、密度与冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块的关系。方法 疑似冠心病患者接受多螺旋CT造影检查,测量相应心外膜脂肪体积。根据造影检查结果分为有斑块患者及无斑块患者,并进一步将冠状动脉斑块分为钙化斑块、混合斑块、非钙化斑块。以心外膜脂肪体积>85 ml为暴露组,分析心外膜脂肪体积与冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块的相关性。结果 141例患者纳入研究,其中有冠状动脉斑块者63例,钙化斑块者15例,非钙化斑块20例,混合斑块28例;无冠状动脉斑块者78例。有冠状动脉斑块者的心外膜脂肪组织体积大于无冠状动脉斑块者(103.23±76.03 vs 74.07±42.47, P=0.027);暴露组发生冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块的危险性大于非暴露组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 心外膜脂肪体积与冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块形成存在较强的相关性。     

Increased epicardial adipose tissue thickness is correlated with ascending aortic diameter

Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), localized beneath the visceral pericardium, is a metabolically active endocrine and paracrine organ with possible interactions within the heart. Recent studies identified possible roles of uric acid (UA)-induced oxidative stress and increased inflammatory status in the pathogenesis of ascending aortic dilatation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether EAT is an independent factor for ascending aortic dilatation. The patients were evaluated by a complete transthoracic echocardiographic examination including measurements of EAT and aortic dimensions. Serum levels of UA and C-reactive protein and EAT thicknesses were compared in 38 patients with dilated ascending aorta (DAA) (the diameter ≥ 37 mm) vs. 107 subjects with normal aortic diameter (AD) of < 37 mm. EAT thickness was significantly higher in DAA group compared to normal AD group (8.3 ± 2.7 vs. 5.4 ± 2.2 mm, p < 0.001) as well as age (53 ± 10 vs. 48 ± 9 years, p = 0.004), the presence of hypertension (54% vs. 30%, p = 0.009) and UA levels (6.0 ± 1.4 vs. 5.2 ± 1.1 mg/dL, p < 0.001). There was a strong correlation between EAT thickness and ascending aortic diameter (r = 0.521, p < 0.001). In multiple logistic regression analysis, EAT thickness (OR: 1.429, p = 0.006), body mass index (OR: 1.169, p = 0.014) and UA levels (OR: 1.727, p = 0.023) were independently correlated to ascending aortic dilatation. We therefore propose that increased EAT thickness is an independent predictor of ascending aortic dilation.     

MSCT测量心外膜脂肪体积与零钙化积分冠心病的相关性

目的 评价应用64层MSCT所测心外膜脂肪(EAT)体积与零钙化积分(CACS)冠心病的相关性.方法 回顾性分析接受冠状动脉CTA检查的零CACS患者102例,根据CTA结果分为冠心病和非冠心病患者,记录患者性别、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)以及高血压、糖尿病和血脂代谢异常病史.采用MSCT测量EAT体积,评价EAT体积与冠心病发生的相关性.结果 102例患者中,冠心病18例(18/102,17.65%)、非冠心病84例(84/102,82.35%).零CACS冠心病患者EAT体积为(144.60±36.23)cm³,明显高于非冠心病患者 (P<0.001);EAT体积诊断零CACS冠心病的ROC曲线下面积为0.76,诊断界值为120.82 cm³,该界值下诊断敏感度为72.2%,特异度为65.5%;Logistic回归分析显示,校正心血管危险因素后,EAT体积为零CACS冠心病的独立危险因素(OR=1.02,P=0.027).结论 EAT体积与零CACS冠心病的发生有关,可作为评估零CACS冠心病风险的一个非创伤性指标.     

心外膜脂肪体积与冠状动脉粥样硬化及心肌桥的关系

目的探讨心外膜脂肪(EAT)体积与冠状动脉粥样硬化及心肌桥(MB)之间的关系。方法回顾性分析接受冠状动脉CTA检查的375例患者的影像学资料,其中粥样硬化斑块导致冠状动脉狭窄患者116例(斑块组),单纯MB患者78例(MB组),MB合并动脉粥样硬化斑块患者35例(MB合并斑块组),冠状动脉正常者146例(正常组)。测量并比较4组EAT体积。结果斑块组、MB组、MB合并斑块组、正常组平均EAT体积分别为(110.76±37.17)cm 3、(104.97±36.72)cm 3、(112.02±45.32)cm 3、(91.06±34.27)cm 3,斑块组、MB组、MB合并斑块组均高于正常组(P=0.001、0.031、0.043),斑块组、MB组、MB合并斑块组两两比较差异均无统计学差异(P均>0.05)。结论MB患者EAT体积增大,具有发展为动脉粥样硬化的潜在风险。     

多普勒组织成像技术在术中超声心动图检查中的应用

目的探讨多普勒组织成像(DTI)在术中超声心动图检查中定量心肌运动的临床应用可行性.方法通过对18例术中超声心动图检查中应用DTI技术观察患者的室壁运动情况,其中重点对8例接受冠脉搭桥术的患者麻醉期间体外循环前后获取DTI参数进行研究.结果在取样成功率最高的左室前后壁中间段的室壁向心运动速度,术后前后壁均有明显改善[前壁(0.04±0.01)m/svs(0.09±0.03)m/s,P<0.005;后壁(0.03±0.02)m/svs(0.06±0.03)m/s,P<0.005],但其舒张功能参数(Vp)却没有明显变化.结论冠脉搭桥术后,DTI测量的患者室壁运动速度已经出现改善.DTI技术可以成功地应用于术中超声心动图检查,优于经胸二维超声成像,且有助于更准确的速度测量定位(DTI不受二维图像质量的限制).     

人工智能分割心外膜脂肪组织研究进展

心外膜脂肪(EAT)属内脏脂肪组织，具有复杂的生理及病理特性，对于多种心血管相关疾病的发生、发展及预后等具有重要影响。随着人工智能(AI)的快速发展，基于AI分割EAT并用于诊疗心血管疾病等已成为研究热点。本文就AI分割EAT研究进展进行综述。