损伤控制骨科技术在严重多发伤合并骨折治疗中的应用

目的 探讨严重多发伤时损伤控制骨科(damage control orthopedics,DCO)技术应用的可行性、适应证和疗效.方法 对1998-2008年应用DCO方法救治的31例严重多发伤合并骨折患者的临床资料作回顾性分析.结果18例严重多发伤伴骨盆骨折大出血,早期双侧髂内动脉结扎17例,早期骨盆外固定支架使用12例.11例严重多发伤伴开放性股骨骨折初期仅作清创和简单外固定,后期确定性内固定手术.2例脊柱骨折伴脊髓压迫,早期经后路行简单椎板减压.ICU治疗时间为1～11 d,平均4.3 d.本组患者死亡1例,其余30例全部生存.结论DCO更符合外伤后患者的病理生理特点,早期针对性控制处理及后期的一体化治疗是提高严重多发伤生存率的关键.

Abstract：

Objective To probe the feasibility, indications and efficacy of damage control orthopedics (DCO) in treating severe multiple injuries combined with fractures. Methods A retrospective analysis was done on the clinical data of 31 patients with severe multiple injuries combined with fractures treated by DCO from 1998 to 2008. Results Of all patients, 18 patients were combined with pelvic fractures and hemorrhage. Bilateralis hypogastric artery ligation was performed early in 17 patients and nonage pelvis external fixation was performed in 12. Eleven multiple trauma patients combined with femoral fractures received primary debridement and temporal external fixation for further definitive internal fixation. Two patients with spinal fractures combined with spinal cord compression received primary simple decompression. All patients received resuscitation in ICU for average 4.3 days (1-11 days). There was one death due to hemorrhagic shock. Conclusions DCO well conforms to pathophysiological character of the wounded. Early DCO and later integrated treatment are key to enhancement of the survival rate of the multiple trauma patients.     

定位引导下空心螺钉内固定治疗齿状突骨折的临床研究

目的 评价定位引导下空心螺钉内固定治疗齿状突骨折的临床疗效.方法 2005年1月-2009年1月利用齿突导针瞄准器定位引导下空心齿状突螺钉内固定27例齿状突骨折患者,其中Ⅱ型骨折19例,浅Ⅲ型骨折8例;平均随访6.5个月(3～12个月),拍摄颈椎侧位、开口位X线片并行CT检查观察骨折愈合情况.结果 患者手术时间40 min～1.3 h,无术中并发症发生.术后所有患者均得到随访3～12个月(平均6.5个月),26例患者骨折愈合,1例患者未愈合,骨折端有骨质吸收.结论 采用齿突导针瞄准器定位引导下空心螺钉内固定治疗齿状突骨折,可以使操作模式化,实现全程控制,连续、微调操作,具有手术操作简单、创伤小、疗效满意等特点.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of the cannulated screw fixation in treatment of the dens fracture under locational guidance. Methods The study involved 27 patients treated with the cannulated screw fixation under locational guidance from January 2005 to January 2009.There were 19 patients with type II fracture and eight with type light m fracture.The lateral and open mouth position X-ray examination of the cervical ventebrae was done to observe the fracture healing. Results The operation lasted for a range of 40 minutes to 1.3 hour (average 1.0 hour),which showed no any complications.The patients were followed up for average 6.5 months(3-12 months),which showed sound fracture healing in 26 patients but nonhealing in one. Conclusion The cannulated screw fixation for treatment of the dens fracture under locational guidance is characterized by easy operation,minor trauma and satisfactory outcome.     

上颌骨LeFortⅠ型骨折坚强内固定的生物力学研究

目的 运用三维有限元的方法对应用不同数目的"L"形、直形四孔小型接骨板在上颌骨LeFort Ⅰ型骨折不同部位固定的稳定性进行生物力学分析,为临床治疗提供指导.方法 建立LeFort Ⅰ型骨折小型钛板四种固定方式的三维有限元模型;计算不同固定方法在三种咬合情况下上颌骨的应力、内固定系统的应力以及骨折段的位移,对比其固定效果以及不同咬合情况对固定稳定性的影响.结果 在相同咬合情况下,内固定系统的应力与骨折段位移从小到大的排列顺序均为:颧上颌和鼻上颌支柱以"L"形钛板固定,颧上颌和鼻上颌支柱以直形钛板固定,颧上颌支柱以"L"形钛板固定,鼻上颌支柱以"L"形钛板固定;相同固定方式下,骨折处位移从大到小排列顺序为:磨牙咬合、前磨牙咬合、前牙咬合.结论 上颌骨LeFortⅠ型骨折应用"L"形钛板固定稳定性好于直形钛板;颧上颌支柱固定效果好于鼻上颌支柱固定;仅应用2块小型钛板固定存在隐患;磨牙咀嚼不利于骨折的愈合.

Abstract：

Objective To biomechanically study the fixation stability of different numbers and shapes of the titanium miniplates (L-shaped and straight four-hole miniplates) in the treatment of maxillary LeFortⅠ fracture by using three-dimensional finite element method so as to provide reference for clinical treatment of the fractures. Methods Three-dimensional finite element model of maxillary LeFortⅠ fracture was established with four kinds of rigid internal fixation (RIF) methods to calculate the stress of the maxilla and the RIF as well as the displacement of the fracture segment under three kinds of occlusion.Then, the fixation stability of different methods was compared. Results Under the same occlusion condition, the decreasing order of the displacement of the fracture segment was the L-shaped plate fixation at both buttress of the maxillary and nasal maxillary zygomatic, the straight four-hole miniplates fixation at both buttress of the maxillary and nasal maxillary zygomatic, the L-shaped plate fixation at the zygomatic maxillary buttress and the L-shaped plate fixation at naso-maxillary buttress. Under the same fixation method, the decreasing order of the displacement of the fracture segment was molar occlusion, premolar oeclusion and incisor occlusion. Conclusions The fixation stability of the L-shaped plate fixation is better than the straight four-hole miniplate fixation for the treatment of LeFortⅠ fracture. Fixation at the zygomaticmaxillary buttress is better than at the naso-maxillary buttress. Use of only two miniplates to fix the LeFort Ⅰ fracture may not be stable. Molar occlusion is not good for fracture healing.     

骨关节型严重多发伤的救治

目的 探讨如何提高基于损伤控制外科理论的治疗在骨关节型严重多发伤中的效果.方法回顾性分析2006年1月-2009年6月应用损伤控制性手术治疗骨关节损伤为主的严重多发伤63例(平均ISS≥27分)的并发症、死亡率及骨折愈合关节功能恢复.结果61例创伤性休克中57例得到纠正,3例因失血性休克死于入院后2 h内,1例因严重颅脑外伤死于人院后11 h;1例因ARDS死于术后24 h;1例于伤后6 d因多器官功能衰竭死亡.52例骨折愈合,肢体功能恢复满意;2例行截肢术;3例轻度跛行,行走痛.结论损伤控制手术有助于骨关节型严重多发伤的救治,对临床救治严重创伤患者具很大指导意义.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the curative effect of damage control theory in treating severe polytrauma patients combined with bone and joint injury. Methods A retrospective study was done on data including complication, death rate, fracture healing and joint function recovery of 63 patients with severe polytrauma combined with bone and joint injury( average ISS ≥27 points) admitted to our hospital from January 2006 to June 2009. Results Of all the patients, 57 shock patients were cured,three died of hemorrhagic shock within two hours after admission and one patient died of severe traumatic brain injury 11 hours after admission. One patient died of ARDS at 24 hours postoperatively and one died of multiple organ failure at day 6 after injury. Fracture healing was achieved in 52 patients, with satisfactory recovery of the limb function. Amputation was performed in two patients and three patients had mild claudication and pain walking. Conclusion Damage control strategy has great clinical significance in guidance of treatment of severe polytrauma combined with bone and joint injury.     

儿童桡骨颈骨折闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术与切开复位克氏针固定术疗效分析

Objective To investigate the curative effect and feasibility of closed reduction with elastic intramedullary nailing and open reduction with Kirschner wire fixation in treatment of obviously displaced radial neck fractures in children. Methods From July 2006 to December 2007, 18 children with types Ⅱ and Ⅲ O' Brien radical neck fractures were admitted to Nanjing Children' s Hospital. Of all, six children received open reduction and fixation with Kirschner wire and six weeks of cast immobilization; the other 12 children received closed reduction and fixation with elastic intramedullary nail and three weeks of cast immobilization. The children were followed up for mean 12 months to investigate postoperative functional recovery of the elbow joint and presence of complications. Results All children achieved excellent clinical outcomes, without excessive radial bone growth, early closure of radial bone marrow, bone bridge formation or ectopic calcification around the joint. According to Tibone and Stoltz' s clinical evaluation methods, closed reduction with elastic intramedullary nailing had less trauma, faster recovery, fewer complications and better cosmesis than traditional open reduction with Kirschner wire fixation for children with obviously displaced radial neck fractures. Conclusion Closed reduction with elastic intramedullary nailing is a better option for obviously displaced radial neck fractures in children.     

附加钢板治疗髓内钉固定后股骨萎缩性骨不连

目的 探讨附加钢板治疗髓内钉固定后股骨萎缩性骨不连的手术适应证和操作技术.方法1999年6月-2009年6月,应用附加钢板合并开放植骨治疗12例髓内钉固定后股骨萎缩性骨不连.小切口微创清除骨折端肉芽组织,硬化骨去皮质化,足量髂骨纵形平铺于骨不连间隙和骨皮质骨床上,选择5～6孔钛合金限制接触型动力接骨板,3.0 mm克氏针钻孔,4～6枚皮质骨螺钉双皮质固定.术后保护性负重,1,3,6,12个月临床与影像学评估.结果全部获得骨性愈合,随访时问7 ～26个月,平均17.4个月.取髂骨植骨并附加钢板固定手术时间共50～120 min,平均77.5 min;出血量150～350 ml,平均252 ml.术后供骨区疼痛9例,7例1个月内缓解,2例3个月后缓解.临床骨性愈合时间5～9个月,平均7.1个月;影像学愈合时间7～12个月,平均9.4个月.无感染、钢板螺钉松动、断裂等.结论附加钢板合并植骨适用于髓内钉固定后股骨干骺端骨不连、AO分型B型骨折骨不连、骨缺损>1 cm以及扩髓更换髓内钉失败的萎缩性骨不连.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the operative indications and operation techniques for augmentative plate fixation in treatment of femoral shaft atrophic nonunions subsequent to intramedullary fixation. Methods Twelve femoral nonunions after internal fixation with intramedullary nailing were treated with augmentative plate internal fixation and bone graft from June 1999 to June 2008. All femoral nonunions were caused by insecure fixation of the intramedullary nailing, in which a rotational instability of the fracture site was verified in all the patients during operation. Minimally invasive removal of the granulation tissue at fracture site and the sclerotic bone was dccorticated. The adequate lilac bone was tiled longitudinally on the nonunion gap and the cortical bone bed. The fixation involved the limited-contact dynamic titanium plate with 5-6 holes, 3.0 mm Kirschner wire and 4-6 double cortex cortical screw fixation.Protective weight-bearing was given after surgery and the tunction was evaluated at 1,3, 6 and 12 months with imaging. Results All patients were followed up for 7-26 months ( average 17.4 months), which showed radiological solid union (7-12 months, average 9.4 months) and clinical union (5-9 months, average 7.1 months ). The operation lasted for 50-120 minutes ( average 77.5 minutes), with blood volume of 150-350 ml ( average 252 ml). There were nine patients with bone pain, of whom the pain was relieved within one month in seven patients and three months in two. No infection, hardware loosening or breaking were found. Conclusion The plate augmentation and cancellous bone grafting leaving the nail in situ can be an effective solution for nonisthmal femoral nonunion, bone defect and failed exchange nailing.     

锁定加压钢板及解剖钢板治疗高能量胫骨远端骨折的对比研究

目的 对比锁定加压钢板(1ocking compression plate,LCP)及普通解剖钢板治疗高能量胫骨远端骨折的临床疗效.方法 2003年5月-2009年5月,采用LCP及解剖钢板治疗入选的高能量胫骨远端骨折42例.解剖钢板组24例,男16例,女8例;年龄20～54岁,平均39岁.按AO分型:A型13例,B型5例,C型6例.LCP组18例,男15例,女3例;年龄25～55岁,平均40岁.按AO分型:A型11例,B型3例,C型4例.比较两组的手术时间、出血量、透视次数、骨折愈合时间、踝关节功能及并发症,参照Mazur标准评价踝关节功能.结果 LCP组平均随访11.6个月,解剖钢板组平均随访14.2个月,均显示骨折愈合.解剖钢板组植骨比例多于LCP组.CP组透视次数L多于解剖钢板组.LCP组手术时间、手术切口、出血量、放射学愈合时间及术后并发症发生总数优于解剖钢板组.结论 LCP及解剖钢板治疗高能量胫骨远端骨折均可取得满意效果,但LCP具有创伤小、骨折愈合快、并发症少等优点,体现了生物学固定的优点,是治疗高能量胫骨远端骨折的有效方法.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the clinic effect of the locking compression plate (LCP) fixation and the anatomical plate in treatment of high-energy distal tibial fractures. Methods The study involved 42 patients with high-energy distal tibial fractures treated between May 2003 and May 2009. The anatomical plate group included 24 patients ( 16 males and 8 females, at average age of 39 years), of whom there were 13 patients with type A fractures, five with type B and six with type C according to the AO/ASIF classification. The LCP group included 18 patients ( 15 males and 3 females, at average age of 40 years), of whom there were 11 patients with type A fractures, three with type B and four with type C according to the AO/ASIF classification. All the patients were followed up for 8-17 months. Their functional and radiographic outcomes were collected. The operation time, intra-operative blood loss, X-ray exposure, bone healing time, post-operative complications and therapeutic effects were compared between both groups. Mazur's criteria was used to evaluate the function of the ankle. Results The LCP group was followed up for average 11.6 months and the anatomical plate group for average 14.2 months, which showed fracture healing in all the patients. The bone graft in the anatomical plate group was used more frequently than the LCP group, while the X-ray exposure in the LCP group was much more than that in the anatomical plate group. The operation time, incision size, blood loss, postoperative complications and radiographic bone healing time in the LCP group were significantly less than those in the anatomical plate group. Conclusions Both the LCP and anatomical plate are effective methods for the high energy distal tibial fractures. LCP has advantages of less trauma, quick fracture healing and less complications, is consistent with the biomechanics of internal fixation and hence is an ideal method for the treatment of the high-energy tibial fractures.     

骨关节型严重多发伤的救治

Objective To investigate the curative effect of damage control theory in treating severe polytrauma patients combined with bone and joint injury. Methods A retrospective study was done on data including complication, death rate, fracture healing and joint function recovery of 63 patients with severe polytrauma combined with bone and joint injury( average ISS ≥27 points) admitted to our hospital from January 2006 to June 2009. Results Of all the patients, 57 shock patients were cured,three died of hemorrhagic shock within two hours after admission and one patient died of severe traumatic brain injury 11 hours after admission. One patient died of ARDS at 24 hours postoperatively and one died of multiple organ failure at day 6 after injury. Fracture healing was achieved in 52 patients, with satisfactory recovery of the limb function. Amputation was performed in two patients and three patients had mild claudication and pain walking. Conclusion Damage control strategy has great clinical significance in guidance of treatment of severe polytrauma combined with bone and joint injury.     

锁定钢板治疗创伤性耻骨联合分离17例

目的 探讨锁定钢板内固定治疗耻骨联合分离的临床疗效及影像学结果.方法 回顾性分析自2007年12月至2009年12月行锁定钢板内固定治疗的耻骨联合分离17例,其中男11例,女6例;年龄23～65岁,平均45.3岁.骨折类型按Tile分类:B1型5例,B2型1例,B3型1例,C1型6例,C2型3例,C3型1例.耻骨联合分离全部采用锁定钢板固定,后环合并伤采用骶髂前路重建钢板固定7例,经皮骶髂螺钉固定3例,后路M型钢板固定3例.结果 耻骨联合部位手术时间0.5～2 h,平均1.5 h.术中出血50～600 ml,平均200 ml.住院时间14～62 d,平均21d.16例获得随访,随访时间6～30个月,平均16个月.骨盆骨折术后功能按照Majeed评分:优7例,良7例,可2例.结论 锁定钢板内固定治疗耻骨联合分离具有创伤小、操作简单、固定牢靠、并发症少等优点.对于Tile B型骨盆骨折,可以单纯固定前环,如果合并后环损伤、骨盆完全不稳,应该配合后环的复位与内固定.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the clinical and radiographic outcome of traumatic pubic symphyseal diastases fixed with the locked plate. Methods From December 2007 to December 2009,17 patients(11 males,6 females,at mean age of 45.3 years)with pubic symphysis diastasis of unstable pelvic ring injuries were treated with open reduction and fixation with the locked plate.According to Tile classification system,five patients were with type B1 fractures,one with type B2,one with type B3,six with type C1,three with type C2 and one with type C3.All operations were performed under general anesthesia.Pubic symphyseal diastasis was treated by open reduction and fixation with the locked plate.There were 13 patients with associated posterior pelvic disruption,of which seven patients were treated by open reduction via anterior approach and fixed wich the reconstruction plates,three by close reduction and fixed with percutaneoua sacroiliac cannulated screws and three by posterior approach and fixed with M type plates. Results Of all the patients,16 patients were followed up for a mean time of 16 months(6-30months),which showed mean blood loss of 200 ml(50-600 ml)and mean hospital stay of 21 days (14-62 days).The clinical outcome was measured according to Majeed scores system,which showed excellent results in seven patients,good in seven and fair in two. Conclusions The locked plate fixation takes advantages of sailsfactory clinical outcomes with less operative trauma and a lower implant failure and wound infection rate in treatment of traumatic pubis symphysis diastasis.Locked plate fixation of symphysis call be performed alone when the posterior pelvic ring is only partially disrupted (Tile B).Posterior fixation construction should be used if the pelvic ring is under complete instability(Tile C).     

儿童桡骨颈骨折闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术与切开复位克氏针固定术疗效分析

Objective To investigate the curative effect and feasibility of closed reduction with elastic intramedullary nailing and open reduction with Kirschner wire fixation in treatment of obviously displaced radial neck fractures in children. Methods From July 2006 to December 2007, 18 children with types Ⅱ and Ⅲ O' Brien radical neck fractures were admitted to Nanjing Children' s Hospital. Of all, six children received open reduction and fixation with Kirschner wire and six weeks of cast immobilization; the other 12 children received closed reduction and fixation with elastic intramedullary nail and three weeks of cast immobilization. The children were followed up for mean 12 months to investigate postoperative functional recovery of the elbow joint and presence of complications. Results All children achieved excellent clinical outcomes, without excessive radial bone growth, early closure of radial bone marrow, bone bridge formation or ectopic calcification around the joint. According to Tibone and Stoltz' s clinical evaluation methods, closed reduction with elastic intramedullary nailing had less trauma, faster recovery, fewer complications and better cosmesis than traditional open reduction with Kirschner wire fixation for children with obviously displaced radial neck fractures. Conclusion Closed reduction with elastic intramedullary nailing is a better option for obviously displaced radial neck fractures in children.     

非扩髓型带锁髓内钉治疗胫骨多段骨折

目的探讨非扩髓型带锁髓内钉治疗胫骨多段骨折的适应证及临床疗效。方法1998年1月—2000年12月采用带锁髓内钉治疗胫骨多段骨折21例,其中男15例,女6例,年龄21~61岁,平均36.5岁,闭合性骨折7例,开放性骨折14例。按Gustilo分类:Ⅰ型2例,Ⅱ型7例,Ⅲa型5例。结果术后随访平均18月,骨折全部愈合,平均愈合时间14周。关节功能按Johner-W ruhs评分标准:优18例,良3例。结论非扩髓型带锁髓内钉治疗胫骨多段骨折具有固定坚强、创伤小、术后可早期活动、骨折愈合率高等优点,是胫骨多段骨折首选的内固定治疗方法。     

股骨骨折骨不连的生物力学因素及其对策

目的：探讨股骨骨折骨不连的生物力学因素，并提出相应的对策。方法：68例股骨干骨折骨不连经带锁髓内钉治疗，13例股骨远端骨折骨不连实施动力髁螺钉(DCS)内固定术，治疗同时行自体髂骨髓腔内外植骨术。结果：81例股骨骨折骨不连患者随访8～24个月，平均14个月。68例股骨干骨不连治疗后，有5例出现主钉或锁钉折断，经再次行带锁髓内钉内固定加植骨术治愈，其余患者不连端全部愈合；13例股骨远端骨不连经DCS内固定术后全部愈合。81例平均愈合时间为6．5个月。根据骨折愈合及功能恢复综合指标评定疗效，本组优54例，良21例，差6例，优良率92．6％。结论：股骨骨折骨不连的主要原因为内收肌群的生物力学因素导致内固定失败造成；股骨干骨折及骨不连手术内固定应以髓内固定为主，股骨髁部骨折及不连接应选用坚强的DCS系统。     

胫骨干骨折手术疗效分析

目的 探讨适合胫骨干骨折的手术治疗方法及并发症的预防措施。方法 回顾性分析手术治疗胫骨干骨折病例67例，根据选择手术方式不同，将病例分为交锁髓内钉、加压钢板和外固定支架3组，临床观察结合X线片评价骨折愈合、延迟愈合、不愈合作为判断临床疗效标准。结果 髓内钉组的骨折愈合率明显高于加压钢板和外固定支架组，外固定组的骨折延迟愈合率高于其他两组；并发症包括骨不连、关节僵硬及畸形愈合，发生率为22．4％，其中骨不连发生率为13．4％。结论 髓内钉内固定治疗胫骨干骨折的临床疗效优于加压钢板和外固定支架；骨不连为胫骨骨折常见并发症，应严格掌握适应证、规范手术操作。     

股骨远端复杂骨折的手术治疗

目的 探讨如何根据股骨远端复杂骨折的不同类型选择适当的内固定方法，以达到最佳的治疗效果。方法 回顾分析1999年1月-2002年6月62例64侧股骨远端复杂骨折手术治疗的临床资料。采用AO分类法，其中A型骨折20例2l侧，C型骨折42例43侧；应用AO股骨髁支撑钢板18例19侧，髁支撑钢板与超高分子聚乙烯板互锁组合固定20例2l侧，股骨逆行交锁髓内钉固定24例，术后进行科学合理的康复治疗。结果 62例骨折经术后4—38个月随访，骨折均获愈合，愈合时间10周～16个月，平均4．2个月。按Kolmert和Wulff的评价标准，优3l侧，良17侧，可11侧，差5侧，优良率为75％。结论 采用合理可靠的内固定方法治疗股骨远端复杂骨折，多数疗效满意。髁支撑钢板适用于股骨远端各型骨折；股骨逆行交锁髓内钉是治疗A型和C1型骨折的首选方法；钢板与聚乙烯板互锁组合固定是治疗C2和C3型骨折的有效方法，其设计合理、操作方便、固定可靠，疗效优于髁支撑钢板和股骨逆行交锁髓内钉。     

弹性髓内钉与锁定钢板内固定在四肢骨干骨折中临床应用研究

目的探讨弹性髓内钉与锁定钢板内固定对四肢骨干骨折中的影响,为临床治疗四肢骨干骨折提供有效依据。方法前瞻性研究2016年4月—2017年6月四川省雅安市人民医院治疗的四肢骨干骨折患者98例,男性55例,女性43例;年龄20~59岁,平均36.6岁。按照随机数表法分为弹性髓内钉组(50例)和锁定钢板组(48例),弹性髓内钉组行弹性髓内钉内固定处理;锁定钢板组行锁定钢板内固定。比较两组患者围术期指标(手术时间、住院时间、骨折愈合时间、骨折线消失时间、术中出血量)、治疗前后VAS评分、愈合情况及并发症发生情况。结果弹性髓内钉组手术时间、住院时间、骨折愈合时间、骨折线消失时间均显著短于锁定钢板组(77.04±12.67)min vs.(117.76±17.64)min、(6.56±1.12)d vs.(7.93±1.27)d、(14.19±1.67)周vs.(17.42±1.98)周、(16.89±2.24)周vs.(19.45±2.64)周,P<0.05;弹性髓内钉组术中出血量显著少于锁定钢板组(98.67±12.74)mL vs.(211.84±23.48)mL,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。术前两组患者VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.862),术后2、4周弹性髓内钉组VAS评分(4.34±0.36)分、(3.65±0.34)分显著低于锁定钢板组(5.17±0.49)分、(4.68±0.55)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。弹性髓内钉组愈合率96.00%显著高于锁定钢板组81.25%(P=0.006);弹性髓内钉组优良率90.00%显著高于锁定钢板组64.58%(P=0.003)。两组患者并发症发生率分别为10.00%与18.75%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.117)。结论弹性髓内钉内固定治疗四肢骨干骨折效果显著,且其能显著加速患者康复,改善预后,值得临床推广使用。     

儿童桡骨颈骨折闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术与切开复位克氏针固定术疗效分析

目的 探讨儿童明显移位的桡骨颈骨折传统切开复位克氏针固定术与新型闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术疗效差异与可推广性.方法 2006年7月-2007年12月共收治O'BrienⅡ、Ⅲ型桡骨颈骨折18例,采用切开复位克氏针固定术治疗6例,术后石膏固定6周,闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术12例,术后石膏固定3周,石膏拆除后功能锻炼.平均随访12个月,观察术后肘关节功能恢复情况与并发症发生比例.结果 18例患儿骨折均愈合良好,无畸形,在随访期无桡骨头过度生长,无桡骨头骨髓早闭及骨桥形成,无关节周围异位钙化灶.根据Tibone和Stoltz临床疗效评价方法评判,结果显示在治疗儿童明显移位的桡骨颈骨折方面,闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术较传统切开复位克氏针固定术具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少及美观性强的特点.结论 儿童明显移位的桡骨颈骨折采用闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术具有一定优越性,值得临床推广.     

三种内固定系统固定股骨远端骨折的疗效分析

目的分析股膏远端骨折的三种内固定系统的临床疗效及适应证。方法手术治疗股骨远端骨折62例,分别采用锁定钢板（LcP）、髁支持钢板、逆行髓内钉内固定治疗,术后随访比较分析三组患者的治疗效果。结果三组患者术后均得随访,随访时间8—22月（平均10,4-4．2月）;按Merchan评分标准评定术后功能恢复情况;三组患者的手术时间、骨折愈合时间、恢复工作时间、并发症比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;但逆行髓内钉组的术中出血量明显少于其它两组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;LCP组的术后优良率优于其它两组,差异具有统计意义（P〈O．05）。结论三种内固定系统用于股骨远端骨折的治疗,均能取得良好疗效。但是,LCP是骨质疏松性骨折、c型骨折的最佳选择;髁支持钢板适合于骨质条件好、低能量创伤所致的A型与B型、c1、c2型骨折;逆行髓内钉主要用于A型骨折。     

关节镜引导下逆行带锁髓内钉治疗股骨髁上骨折

目的探讨关节镜引导逆行髓内钉治疗股骨髁上骨折的疗效。方法关节镜引导下逆行髓内钉治疗股骨髁上骨折24例，全部患者获临床随访并进行疗效评定。结果24例经平均14个月随访，骨愈合良好，平均愈合时间3个月。术后功能恢复良好。结论关节镜引导下逆行髓内钉治疗股骨髁上骨折具有微创、定位准确、固定牢靠、骨折愈合快的特点，有利于关节功能的恢复，有较高的临床应用价值。     

FixionTM 可膨胀髓内钉系统在损伤控制骨科的初步应用

目的 在损伤控制骨科（ damage control orthopedics, DCO）中初步应用Fixion^TM可膨胀髓内钉系统，与经典DCO外固定支架的临床疗效相比较，探讨Fixion^TM系统在DCO程序中的应用价值。方法 对2000年1月-2006年5月32例伴下肢长骨骨折的严重创伤患者予以分组对照研究，按术式选择分为第一组（外固定支架）、第二组（外固定支架＋有限切开内固定）与第三组（Fixion^TM可膨胀髓内钉）。比较各组术中损伤控制情况、术后监测全身情况及骨折局部随访情况。结果各组X线暴露时间差异无统计学意义，但第二组手术时间明显较长、术中失血量较多（P〈0．05）；各组术后监测指标、严重全身并发症发生率、死亡率差异亦无统计学意义；第三组局部并发症发生率、功能评分、内置物失败率均明显优于其他两组（P〈0．05）。结论 Fixion^TM系统治疗严重创伤伴下肢长骨骨折可获得与经典DCO外固定支架相近的损伤控制效果，且在局部骨折愈合与功能预后方面有明显的优势，因而在DCO程序中具有良好的应用前景。     

逆行交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨髁上及髁间骨折43例

目的：对应用GSH逆行交锁髓内钉固定治疗的43例股骨髁上和髁间骨折的病例进行回顾性研究。方法：1997年1月－1999年2月,通过切开复位,逆行交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨髁间和髁上骨折43例,其中男30例,女13例,年龄18－76岁,平均35岁,股骨髁上崩折29例,髁间骨折1例,采用AO分类法,其中A型骨折29例,B型6例,C型8例,随访时间3个月－2年,平均6个月。结果：骨折平均愈合时间14周,根据Neer膝关节功能评分标准,优大于等于86分,良大于等于72分,可大于等于56分,差＜56分。结果：优22,例,良12例,优良率79．07％,可6例（13．95％）,差2例（6．98％）。结论：采用GSH逆行交锁髓内钉系统是治疗股骨髁上及髁间骨折的理想方法。多数患者可通过早期膝关节功能训练达到理想的功能效果,采用切开复位内固定,可扩大逆行交锁髓内钉的适应证。但对B型或C型骨折术后功能训练的时机和方法,有待进一步探讨。