"协和"全盆底重建术治疗重度盆腔器官脱垂的多中心前瞻性研究

目的 探讨"协和"全盆底重建术治疗重度盆腔器官脱垂(POP)的疗效及对患者生命质量和性生活质量的影响.方法 自2006年6月至2008年12月,在全国8家医疗单位开展多中心前瞻性研究,包括北京协和医院、复旦大学附属妇产科医院、北京大学第一医院、北京大学第三医院、第三军医大学西南医院、四川大学华西第二医院、北京大学人民医院、北京妇产医院,共277例POP患者参加本研究,所有患者术前均为Ⅲ度或Ⅳ度.总结研究的中期结果,通过术后随访患者的POP分度情况了解POP的解剖学改善情况.通过比较患者术前、术后盆底功能影响问卷简表(PFIQ-7)和盆底不适调查表简表(PFDI-20)评分,评估手术对患者生命质量的影响;通过比较术前、术后POP-尿失禁性生活问卷(PISQ)评分,评价手术对患者性生活质量的影响.结果 中位随访时间14个月(6～28个月),23例患者术后复发,复发率为8.3%(23/277).19例(6.9%,19/277)患者在随访中发现网片暴露或侵蚀.术后新发的尿失禁为18例(6.5%,18/277).277例患者术前、术后6个月、术后1年的PFIQ-7评分分别为(66.9±65.1)、(7.2±26.7)、(7.6±31.6)分,PFDI-20评分分别为(75.8±49.0)、(17.4±25.2)、(15.0±22.6)分,术后较术前生命质量评分显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).术前、术后6个月、术后1年的PSIQ评分分别为(76.6±15.4)、(75.5±14.5)、(73.6±12.6)分,术前与术后比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),手术对性生活质量无明显影响;但术后9例(11%,9/80)患者新发性交痛.结论 "协和"全盆底重建术是治疗重度POP一种有效、安全的手术,可以明显改善患者的生命质量,与传统的全盆底重建术疗效相当.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate clinical efficiency and quality-of-life outcomes in treatment of severe pelvic organ prolapse by the "Xiehe" pelvic floor reconstruction surgery. Methods From Jun. 2006 to Dec. 2008, 277 severe pelvic organ prolapse patients with stage Ⅲ to Ⅳ from 8 hospitals in China were enrolled in this prospective study. Pelvic organ prolapse quantitative examination (POP-Q) and anatomic improvement in these patients after surgery were analyzed in this interim study. Comparisons of pelvic floor impact questionnaire-short form 7 (PFIQ-7) and pelvic floor distress inventory-short form 20 (PFDI-20) in these patients before and after surgery was used to evaluate quality of life. Comparison of pelvic organ prolapse-urinary incontinence sexual questionnaire (PISQ) in these patients before and after surgery was used to evaluate quality of sexual life. Results With a median follow-up of 14. 0 months (6 -28 months),twenty-three patients showed recurrent prolapse (8. 3%, 23/277), and anatomical success ( ＜ stage 2 in the treated compartment) was 91.7% (254/277). In this series, mesh exposure or erosion rate was 6. 9% (19/277). The postoperative de novo stress incontinence rate was 6. 5% (18/277). The scores for PFIQ-7 and PFDI-20, and its subscales were significantly improved, the scores of before treatment were lower than those after treatment (P ＜0. 01 ). And there was no significant difference in the average score of PISQ before and after the surgery (76. 6 ± 15.4 versus 75.5 ± 14. 5 versus 73.6 ± 12. 6, P ＞0. 05 ), but the rate of de novo dyspareunia was 11% (9/80). Conclusions "Xiehe" pelvic floor reconstruction surgery was safe and efficacy in treatment of pelvic organ prolapse. It could improve quality of life remarkably with less cost when compared with the traditional total pelvic floor reconstruction surgery.     

妇科泌尿学与盆底重建外科:过去、现在与将来(之二)

盆腔器官脱垂(pelvic organ prolapse,POP)是盆底支持结构缺陷、损伤与功能障碍造成的主要后果,它与压力性尿失禁(stress urinary incontinence,SUI)也有密切关系。对POP的诊治是妇科泌尿学与盆底重建外科(urogynecology and reconstructive pelvic surgery,URPS)的基本内容。     

三种手术治疗重度盆腔器官脱垂的疗效观察及其复发因素分析

目的 比较"协和"全盆底重建手术、传统的阴式子宫全切除+阴道前后壁修补术、阴式子宫全切除+阴道前壁旁侧修补+骶棘韧带固定+阴道后壁"桥式"缝合+会阴修补术等3种手术治疗重度盆腔器官脱垂的疗效,探讨"协和"全盆底重建手术的临床应用价值.方法 选择重度盆腔器官脱垂,同时合并至少两个部位盆腔缺陷且需要手术的患者173例,86例(A组)采取植入聚丙烯网片材料,行"协和"全盆底重建手术,58例(B组)采取传统手术(阴式子宫全切除+阴道前后壁修补术),29例(C组)采取阴式子宫全切除+阴道前壁旁侧修补+骶棘韧带固定+阴道后壁"桥式"缝合+会阴修补术.比较术前、术中及术后情况,以问卷评分随访术后性生活及生命质量满意度,并分析复发影响因素.结果 (1)3组的手术时间、术中出血量、住院天数及术后病率,两两比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(2)住院费用:A组为(11448±3049)元,B组为(7262±1607)元,C组(7140±1817)元,A组明显多于B、C两组(P＜0.05).(3)术后阴道深度:A组[(7.5±1.4)cm]和C 组[(7.1±0.6)cm]长于B组[(5.6±1.1)cm],分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).阴道宽度:A组[(4.3±0.3)cm]宽于B组[(3.4±0.3)cm]、C组[(3.3±0.4)cm],分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(4)术后12个月复发:A组的复发率12.8%(11/86)与C组的17.2%(5/29)相仿(P＞0.05),明显低于B组的36.2%(21/58),分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术后12个月内性生活保持率:A组为16.3%(14/86)明显高于B组的1.7%(1/58)和C组的0,分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术后12个月生命质量改善效果:A组[(48±12)分]与C组[(53±16)分]相当(P＞0.05),但均高于B组[(27±9)分],分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(5)A组6例网片排异均为阴道后壁,均发生于术后3个月内;B、C组无排异发生.术后新发尿潴留、尿失禁的发生率3组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(6)严重盆底功能障碍、传统手术方式、前盆腔缺陷、开展盆底重建手术的初期均为术后复发的高危因素(P均＜0.05).结论 "协和"全盆底重建手术保持了盆底解剖结构及功能完整性,具有疗效满意、术后复发率低、术后性生活及生命质量满意的特点;骶棘韧带固定+阴道前壁旁侧修补+阴道后壁"桥式"缝合+会阴修补术也有一定的疗效.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate clinical significance and application of modified pelvic floor reconstruction developed by Peking Union Medical College Hospital ( MPFR ) in treatment of severe pelvic organ prolapse (POP) by comparing the effectiveness, quality of postoperative sexual life, life satisfaction and risk factors for POP recurrence with the following two surgical procedures: traditional total vaginal hysterectomy with anterior-posterior colporrhaphy (TVH-APC) and total vaginal hysterectomy with lateral colporrhaphy and sacrospinous ligament fixation and vaginal bridge repair and episiotomy (TVH-LC-SSLFVBR-EP). Methods Totally 173 patients with severe POP and at least two compartments defects of pelvic floor underwent surgeries in the study, 86 patients (group A) were treated by MPFR with polypropylene mesh application, 58 (group B) were treated by TVH-APC, and 29 patients (group C) were treated by TVH-LC-SSLF-VBR-EP. Peri-operative data and outcomes of postoperative courses at 6, 12, 18 months were collected and analyzed, in the meantime, the risk factors of recurrence were studied. Results (1) No statistical difference was observed among the above 3 groups in terms of length of operation, amount of blood loss, length of hospital stay, and morbidity after surgery ( P ＞ 0.05). ( 2 ) Cost hospitalization was ( 11 448 ±3049) Yuan in group A, which was significantly higher than (7262 ± 1607) Yuan in group B and (7140 ± 1817 ) Yuan in group C (P ＜ 0.05 ). (3) The length of vaginal cuff of (7.5 ± 1.4) cm in group A and ( 5.6 ± 1.1 ) cm in group C were significantly longer than (7.1±0.6) cm in group B ( P＜0.05). The width of vaginal cuff of (4.3±0.3) cm in group A was larger than (3.4±0.3) cm in group B and (3.3±0.4) cm in group C (P＜0.05). (4) The recurrence rate at 12 months after surgery was 12.8% (11/86)in group A, which was similar with 17.2%(5/29) in group C (P＞0.05) and significantly less than 36.2% (21/58) in group B (P＜0.05). The rate of active sexual life of 16.3% (14/86) in group A was significantly higher than 1.7% (1/58) in group B and 0 in group C ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). The index of life quality improvement at 12 months after surgery was 48±12 in group A, which was no less than 53±16 in group C ( P＞0.05) and higher than 27 ± 9 in group B ( P＜0.05). (5 ) Mesh rejection was observed in 6 patients in group A within 3 months after surgery, while the posterior vaginal wall was exclusively involved. No difference was found in urinary retention or urinary incontinence among three groups (P ＞0. 05 ). (6) The severe degree of POP, type of surgical procedure ( TVT-APC), anterior compartment defect of pelvic floor,and early days of performing pelvic floor reconstruction surgeries were high risk factors for POP recurrence (P＜ 0.05). Conclusions MPFR has a better curative effect and lower recurrence rate on patients with POP. It can help patients regain integrity of anatomical structure and functions of pelvic floor. TVH-LCSSLF-VBR-EP is also effective.     

盆腔器官脱垂手术对下尿路症状影响的前瞻性研究

目的 探讨盆腔器官脱垂患者盆底修复手术后下尿路症状的变化情况,以及术中加行经闭孔尿道中段无张力悬吊带术(TVT-O)对漏尿及下尿路症状的影响.方法 2007年1月至2009年12月期间,共193例盆腔器官脱垂患者在北京大学第一医院行盆底修复手术(其中131例加行TVT-O)且术后随访达3个月以上,前瞻性研究患者手术后的下尿路症状变化情况及术后尿失禁症状的影响因素.结果 (1)193例患者中有下尿路症状者术前为85.5%(165/193),术后为54.4%(105/193),术后下尿路症状总体发生率低于术前,手术前后比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).(2)手术前后下尿路症状及相关症状发生率,尿频分别为57.0%、25.9%,尿急分别为51.8%、28.0%,咳嗽漏尿分别为50.3%、15.0%,点滴漏尿分别为44.6%、14.5%,排尿困难分别为34.7%、23.3%,排尿不尽分别为49.2%、19.7%,手助排尿分别为31.1%、2.6%,术后各症状的发生率均明显低于术前,分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(3)对于术前有漏尿症状的患者,盆底修复手术的同时未行TVT-O是术后漏尿症状不改善的高危因素(OR=4.933,95%CI为1.353～17.990,P=0.016).结论 盆底修复手术对盆腔器官脱垂患者的下尿路症状有改善作用.对于术前有漏尿症状的患者,加用TVT-O手术比单纯盆底修复手术能更有效地治疗其漏尿症状.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate effect of urinary conditions and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients before and after the reconstructive pelvic surgery (RPS) for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) as well as effect of urinary conditions and LUTS by tension-free vaginal tape-obturator (TVT-O).Methods From Jan. 2007 to Dec. 2009, 213 patients with POP underwent RPS, the factors on preoperative, postoperative urinary conditions and qualities of life and postoperative urinary incontinence were studied prospectively. Results Totally 193 patients who was followed up for more than 3 months after surgery attend questionnaires, and 165 preoperative patients of 193 (85.5%) had LUTS, 105 postoperative patients of 193 (54.4%) had LUTS, which reached statistical difference (P ＜0. 01 ). The rate of LUTS before and after operation: urinary frequency ( 57.0% and 25.9% ), urinary urgency ( 51.8% and 28.0% ), urinary leakage due to cough ( 50. 3% and 15.0% ), dropping urinary leakage ( 44. 6% and 14. 5% ), dysuria (34. 7% and 23.3% ), vesicaltenesmus (49.2% and 19. 7% ) and hand assist urination (31.1% and 2.6% ). The incidence of LUTS after surgery is much lower than that of pre-operation ( P ＜0. 05 ). POP patients with stress urinary incontinence ( SUI ) before the operation, surgery without TVT-O simultaneously are the risk factors of unimproved symptom ( OR = 4. 933, 95% CI: 1. 353 - 17. 990, P=0. 016). Conclusions RPS have alleviated LUTS in patients with POP. RPS with TVT-O are more effective than traditional RPS in treatment of the urinary incontinence if the POP patient with SUI or occult SUI.     

腹腔镜阴道骶骨固定术治疗盆腔器官脱垂的疗效评价

目的:评价腹腔镜阴道骶骨固定术(LSC)治疗盆腔器官脱垂的临床疗效。方法:2009年1月至2015年5月对100例中盆腔缺陷为主的盆腔器官脱垂患者行LSC,分离右侧盆腔后腹膜,将网片远端固定于阴道前后壁、阴道穹隆;近端网片固定于骶前纵韧带,网片无张力置于腹膜后。采用手术成功、手术并发症及盆底功能障碍问卷(pelvic floor distress inventory-short form 20,PFDI-20)评价疗效。结果:手术时间165.7±48.0分钟,术中出血量119.5±108.5 ml。术后留置尿管时间4.3±2.4天,排便时间4.7±1.3天,住院9.6±3.6天。手术均成功,无复发病例,新发尿失禁17例。术后并发症共12例,包括暂时性尿潴留1例,肠梗阻3例,发热1例,术后网片侵蚀6例,术后右下腹坠痛再次手术网片取出术1例。100例随访31.9±17.6月。PFDI-20术后评分较术前有显著性差异(3.46±3.56分vs 17.98±8.24分,P0.001)。结论:LSC治疗中盆腔缺陷为主的盆腔器官脱垂,安全,效果好,能显著改善患者盆底功能障碍症状。     

妇科泌尿学与盆底重建外科:过去、现在与将来(之一)

妇科泌尿学与盆底重建外科(urogynecology and reconstructive pelvic surgery,URPS)业已成为新的学科,立于医学之林。它旨在研究由于盆腔支持结构缺陷、损伤及功能障碍造成的症状、疾患的诊断与处理,其主要问题是女性压力性尿失禁(stress urinary incontinence,SUI)和盆腔器官膨出(pelvic organ prolapse,POP)。据调查表明,50％以上的妇女会有     

盆腔器官脱垂的定量分度法及其临床应用

随着我国的经济发展和社会进步，人均寿命延长，人们对于健康和生活质量的要求日渐提高。盆底损伤和功能退化造成的盆腔器官脱垂(pelvic organ prolapse，POP)，严重影响中老年妇女的健康和生活质量。我国对于盆腔器官脱垂的关注和研究起步较晚，而国外对此已有大量的献报道。对于盆腔器官脱垂的分度标准，我国目前多所采用的是根据1979年全国部分省、市、自治区子宫脱垂、尿瘘防治科研协作组所提出的分度标准，其虽简单易行，但较为粗略。目前，国际上多采用盆腔器官脱垂定量(pelvic organ prolapse quantitation，POP-Q)分度法。根据献报道可以看出，该分度法自1995年正式公布以来，约有半数以上关于盆腔器官脱垂的临床研究采用此分度法。现将POP-Q分度法及有关问题综述如下，以期在我们的临床工作中，推广这一分度法。     

经阴道植入网片盆底重建手术全球最新观点

重度盆腔器官脱垂（pelvic organ prolapse，POP），尤其是前中盆腔器官脱垂，手术治疗后易复发是临床的难点和热点问题。经阴道植入网片（transvaginal mesh，TVM）手术可同时纠正中盆腔及前盆腔缺陷，尤其对前盆腔的中央缺陷和侧方缺陷均能达到良好支撑，实现标准化、规范化和微创化的手术目的。 浏览更多请关注本刊微信公众号及当期杂志。     

一种适用于症状性中重度盆腔器官脱垂的加用网片盆底重建手术

近年来,各种用于治疗症状性盆腔器官脱垂(pelvic organ prolapse,POP)的新术式不断出现、改进,均致力于实现维持持久疗效、尽量减少复发、最大限度地恢复功能及提高患者主观满意度的目标[1].其中应用网片的盆底重建手术临床效果肯定,已经成为一种常见方法,但手术穿刺后会阴区域存在术后疼痛的问题[2].     

一种适用于症状性中重度盆腔器官脱垂的加用网片盆底重建手术

近年来,各种用于治疗症状性盆腔器官脱垂(pelvic organ prolapse,POP)的新术式不断出现、改进,均致力于实现维持持久疗效、尽量减少复发、最大限度地恢复功能及提高患者主观满意度的目标[1].其中应用网片的盆底重建手术临床效果肯定,已经成为一种常见方法,但手术穿刺后会阴区域存在术后疼痛的问题[2].     

经阴道前壁路径骶棘韧带悬吊术治疗盆腔器官脱垂的短期疗效分析

目的:观察经阴道前壁路径骶棘韧带悬吊术治疗盆腔器官脱垂(POP)的短期疗效及安全性。方法:回顾性分析2014年2月至2015年8月在皖南医学院附属弋矶山医院行经阴道前壁路径骶棘韧带悬吊术的51例POP患者的临床资料。观察手术时间、手术出血量、住院时间、尿管留置时间,并发症情况,治愈率,生命质量改善情况。结果:患者的平均手术时间为(75.20±24.31)min,平均术中出血量(87.65±74.72)ml,平均术后住院天数(4.31±0.75)天,平均留置尿管时间(3.50±1.30)天。完整随访51例,随访率为100.00%,3例术后复发,治愈率为94.12%。术前与术后POP-Q的Aa、Ba、Ap、Bp、C比较、盆底功能障碍问卷(PFDI-20)评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后1月与术后6月阴道前壁Aa、Ba、C点比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:经阴道前壁路径骶棘韧带悬吊术是一种安全、有效的术式,在治疗合并前盆腔缺陷的POP疾病中较传统方式具有优势。     

Abdominal paravaginal defect repair in the treatment of paravaginal defect and urodynamic stress incontinence.

We evaluated the morbidity, complications and outcomes in 42 patients who underwent abdominal paravaginal defect repair (PDR) for vaginal wall prolapse due to a paravaginal defect and the prolapse of other pelvic organs. Out of a total of the 42 patients, 32 underwent PDR and concomitant pelvic reconstructive procedures, and 10 patients underwent PDR plus anti-incontinence surgery and concomitant pelvic reconstructive procedures. The mean patient age was 44.5 years. The mean follow-up period was 40 months. One bladder injury and two hemorrhages occurred intraoperatively. The cure rate of anterior vaginal wall prolapse was 92.9%. Of the 20 patients with urodynamic stress incontinence (USI) who underwent PDR alone, the rate of recurrence of USI was 20%; however, there was no recurrence in the 10 patients who underwent PDR plus the anti-incontinence procedures. Paravaginal repair is a safe and effective procedure for the surgical correction of a paravaginal defect, but has limited applicability in the surgical correction of USI.     

经阴网片全盆重建术治疗重度盆腔器官脱垂中长期临床疗效评价

目的 探讨经阴网片全盆重建手术治疗盆腔器官脱垂的疗效及并发症,评估该手术的有效性和安全性。方法 回顾性分析2007年1月至2014年6月在广州医科大学附属第一医院因盆腔器官脱垂行经阴网片全盆重建术110例患者的临床资料,比较手术前后盆腔器官脱垂定量分期法(POP-Q)各指示点位置,评价总体客观治愈率及复发率。采用盆底功能障碍性疾病症状问卷简表(PFDI-20)等相关问卷评分评价主观治愈率以及术后尿失禁相关症状改善情况。结果 110例患者中失访12例（12/110, 10.91%）,其中1例因心血管疾病术后1年余死亡,随访98例（98/110, 89.09%）。随访时间6～90个月,中位随访时间：48个月。110例患者年龄(65.30±8.00)岁;绝经时间(14.01±9.08)年;采用POP-Q分期评价,术后15例（15/98,15.31%）出现复发,其中11例POP-Q分期Ⅱ期,无主观症状不需再次手术,4例阴道顶端复发（POP-Q Ⅲ期）,需再次手术治疗。术后主观治愈率95.92%(94/98）,客观治愈率84.69%(83/98）;网片挛缩4例（4/98, 4.08%）,网片外露11例（11/98,11.22%）。术后PFDI-20评分与术前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后性生活13例,其中性生活质量5例满意,6例患者较术前差,2例配偶出现性交疼痛;患者总体术后满意度评分满意率95.91%(94/98)。结论 经阴网片全盆重建术用于治疗重度盆腔器官脱垂主、客观治愈率高,不仅能达到较好的解剖学复位,对患者的盆腔器官脱垂相关症状有明显改善,术后满意度高且长期疗效稳定,但对性生活质量无明显改善。     

阴式子宫切除术加阴道部分封闭术治疗老年盆腔器官脱垂的疗效和生活质量评价

目的评价阴式子宫切除加阴道部分封闭术对无性生活要求的老年盆腔器官脱垂患者手术效果和生活质量的影响。方法2007年12月至2009年4月对北京大学第三医院妇产科20例无性生活要求的POP-Q分期Ⅲ～Ⅳ期的老年盆腔脏器脱垂患者进行阴式子宫切除+阴道部分封闭术,1例保留子宫行阴道部分封闭术。采用PFDI-20短表调查患者生活质量。结果21例患者均有Ⅲ～Ⅳ期前盆腔缺陷,16例(76.19%)Ⅲ～Ⅳ期中盆腔缺陷,4例(19.05%)Ⅲ～Ⅳ期后盆腔缺陷。平均手术时间(146.95±60.83)min,平均术中出血量(65.71±39.32)ml,术中无并发症发生。3例围手术期并发症。21例患者均完成随访,平均随访时间(11.14±5.28)个月。主观和客观治愈率均为100%。术前PFDI-20总评分为(76.82±36.46)分,术后下降为(8.87±15.33)分。术前3个分量表POPDI-6、CARDI-8和UDI-6评分分别为(38±17)分、(1.25±1.5)分、(37.5±25)分,术后分别降为(2±4)分、(0.25±0.5)分、(6.5±11.75)分。术前术后评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对于无性生活要求的老年盆腔器官脱垂患者,采用阴式子宫切除加阴道部分封闭术,疗效肯定,可改善患者术后近期的生活质量。     

腹腔镜下高位骶韧带悬吊术治疗子宫脱垂的疗效探讨

目的评价腹腔镜下高位骶韧带悬吊术治疗子宫脱垂患者的疗效。方法2008年5月至2012年7月在北京大学第三医院因POP—Q分期Ⅱ～Ⅲ期子宫脱垂行腹腔镜下高位骶韧带悬吊术治疗的患者共lO例,以主观症状和POP—Q测量评价患者的主观、客观治愈率、复发率;并以盆底不适调查表短表20（PFDI-20）评价手术前后患者的生活质量;以盆腔器官脱垂一尿失禁性生活问卷31（PISQ-31）评价手术前后患者的性生活质量。结果患者平均年龄51．32岁（47～62岁）,术后随访率为100％,平均随访时间为14．91个月（2～51个月）。术后主观、客观治愈率均为100％,无并发症发生。术前、术后6个月生活质量评价PFD卜20评分分别为（51．25±3．22）分和（O．22±0．15）分,术前、术后6个月性生活质量评价PISQ-31评分分别为（64．25±8．34）分和（96．44±8．12）分,两者术前、术后比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论腹腔镜下高位骶韧带悬吊术治疗子宫脱垂患者的疗效确切,可明显改善患者的生活质量及性生活质量。     

Use of prosthetic materials in reconstructive pelvic floor surgery. An evidence-based analysis

Many surgical procedures for the repair of pelvic organ prolapse are used nowadays. Reconstructive pelvic surgery continues to evolve while surgeons continue to search the definitive surgical cure and have to choose the most appropriate procedures for their patients. Concerning the vaginal approach procedures, there is an increasing interest in the use of synthetic meshes which are at present widely used for surgical repair of pelvic organ prolapse. Prosthetic repair seems to be more reliable, especially when native tissues are of poor quality. The use of synthetic meshes may also simplify surgical procedures and reduce operative duration and morbidity. Material must be inert, permanent and resistant to infection. Based on authors' and other researchers' published experimental and clinical experience, polypropylene is assumed to be the most appropriate material for the vaginal repair of pelvic organ prolapse. However, since no standardized outcome measure is available, it is difficult to compare the results of surgical procedures. Only in recent studies, the subjective cure rates (patient satisfaction and outcome) have been assessed as well as the objective cure rates determined by the investigators. The subjective cure rate is probably more influenced by the functional outcome and sexual activity than by the anatomical result. Continuous evaluation is necessary to study replacement synthetic materials which should improve the rate of prolapse recurrence and reduce the risk of complications. Randomized controlled trials are required to determine which surgical procedures and type of prosthesis are most suitable. This review evaluates the properties of prosthetic materials, their complications and the most common procedures involved in the use of meshes for pelvic reconstructive surgery.     

经阴道植入TiLOOP网片的盆底重建术的临床疗效和安全性分析

目的:评价经阴道植入轻型钛化聚丙烯网片TiLOOP的盆底重建术的临床短期疗效和安全性。方法:回顾性分析南京医科大学附属无锡妇幼保健院2017年11月至2019年7月,以阴道前壁膨出Ⅲ~Ⅳ度为主的50例盆腔器官脱垂（POP）患者,对其实施经阴道植入TiLOOP网片的盆底重建术,其中自行裁剪TiLOOP网片的“协和式”盆底...