股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨颈骨折手术方法的选择及疗效分析

Objective To investigate clinical features,operative treatments and outcomes of ipsilateral fractures of femoral shaft and neck. Methods Forty-two cases of ipsilateral fractures of femoral neck and shaft were treated from November,2004 to November,2009 in our institution.They were 37 males and 5 females.Their ages ranged from 21 to 84 years,with an average of 59.2 years.The fracture involved 18upper shafts,17 middle shafts and 7 lower shafts.By Garden classification,there were 5 cases of type Ⅰ,10cases of type Ⅱ,21 cases of type Ⅲ,and 6 cases of type Ⅳ neck fractures.All cases were diagnosed in 3days after admission;there were no misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis.Twenty patients were treated by artificialjoint replacement(replacement group),while 22 patients by fixation with cannulated nails,intramedullary nails,or plate(fixation group).Outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. Results All cases were followed up for 1 to 3 years,with an average of 2 years.Femoral neck fractures united between 12 to 20weeks,with an average of 16 weeks;femoral shaft fractures united between 14 to 24 weeks,with an average of 18 weeks.There were significant differences between the 2 groups in average length of hospital stay,ambulation time,blood loss,postoperative activities and good to excellent rate of postoperative joint function(P<0.05).There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in the Merchan scores 1,2,and 3 years after operation for complication-free patients(P>0.05). Conclusion Surgical treatment of ipsilateral fractures of femoral neck and shaft depends on position of the shaft fracture,displacement of the neck fracture,physical constitution and age of the patient to be treated.     

Treatment of ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures

Objective：To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment options and causes of misdiagnosis of ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures.
Methods： Among 20 patients with ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures, 19 were treated operatively and 1 was treated conservatively. Sixteen cases of femoral shaft fractures were treated by open reduction and internal fixation with compressive plate, and 2 cases were treated with interlocking intramedullary nailing. Eighteen femoral neck fractures were treated with cannulated screws. Another patient was treated with proximal femoral nail to fix both the neck and shaft. Delayed diagnosis for femoral neck frac-tures occurred in 2 cases preoperatively. Results： A total of 19 patients were followed up. The follow up period ranged from 5 to 48 months with an average of 15 months. All the fractures were healed.
Conclusion： For case of femoral shaft fracture caused by high energy injury, an AP pelvic film should be routinely taken. Once the femoral neck fracture is recognized, operative reduction and fixation should be performed in time. Femoral neck and shaft fractures should be fixed separately.     

Treatment of ipsilateral hip and femoral shaft fractures with reconstructive intramedullary interlocking nail

Objective: To evaluate the results of reconstructive intramedullary interlocking nail in the treatment of ipsllateral hip and femoral shaft fractures. Methods: From August 1997 to November 2001, 13 patients were treated with the reconstructive intramedullary interlocking nail. Nine patients were associated with ipsllateral femoral neck fractures, three with ipsilateral intertrochanteric fractures, and one with subtrochanteric fracture. Results: The follow-up time was from 6 to 38 months with an average of 14 months. All the femoral shaft and hip fractures healed up well. There was no nonunion of the femoral neck, and only one varns malunion. No patient had avascular necrosis of the femoral head. The average healing time for femoral neck fracture was 4.6 months and for shaft fracture 5.8 months. The joint movement and other functions were fairly resumed. Conclusions: The reconstructive intramedullary interlocking nail, with less trauma, refiable fixation, and high rate of fracture healing, is an ideal method of choice in the treatment of ipsilateral hip and femoral shaft fractures.     

部分臀中肌髂骨瓣重建青壮年股骨头颈部血供的临床研究

目的 探讨部分臀中肌髂骨瓣重建股骨头颈部血供的疗效.方法 2004年6月至2009年12月共收治20例股骨颈骨折或股骨头缺血性坏死患者,男15例,女5例;年龄25～56岁,平均38.6岁.股骨颈骨折组10例,男7例,女3例;骨折按Garden分型:Ⅱ型2例,Ⅲ型5例,Ⅳ型3例.受伤至手术时间为11～23 d,平均14.3 d.股骨头缺血性坏死组10例,男8例,女2例;股骨头缺血性坏死按Ficat分期:Ⅱ期6例,Ⅲ期4例.股骨颈骨折患者采用内固定治疗,股骨头缺血性坏死患者采用清除坏死骨、植骨治疗,两组患者均应用部分臀中肌髂骨瓣移植于股骨头颈部,以修复重建股骨头颈部血供.结果 20例患者术后获1～5年(平均3.1年)随访.股骨颈骨折组患者骨折均扶愈合,术后3个月髋关节Harris评分为81～97分,平均92分;其中优5例,良4例,差1例,优良率为90%.1例出现股骨头坏死.股骨头缺血性坏死绀患者症状明显改善,术后3个月髋关节Harris评分为73～95分,平均84分;其中优4例.良3例,可1例,差2例,优良率为70%.3例出现股骨头坏死加重,其中2例行关节置换术治疗.结论部分臀中肌髂骨瓣血供丰富、操作简单、安全可靠且术后不影响臀中肌功能,是一种重建股骨头颈部血供的有效方法.

Abstract：

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of partial gluteus medius-ilium flap in reconstruction of the blood supply to the femoral head and neck to treat femoral neck fracture and femoral head necrosis in young and middle-aged adults. Methods From June 2004 to December 2009, we treated 20 patients with femoral neck fracture and femoral head necrosis. They were 15 men and 5 women, aged from 25 to 56 years (mean, 38. 6 years). In the 10 cases of femoral neck fracture (group A), there were 7 men and 3 women, and 2 Garden type Ⅱ, 5 type Ⅲ and 3 type Ⅳ fractures. The duration from injury to surgery averaged 14. 3 days (from 11 to 23 days). In the 10 cases of femoral head necrosis (group B), there were 8 men and 2 women, and 6 ones of Ficat phase Ⅱ and 4 ones of phase Ⅲ. Group A were treated with reduction and hollow nail fixation. Group B were treated with removal of the necrotic bone and graft of iliac spongy bone.Partial gluteus medius-ilium flaps were used in both groups to reconstruct the blood supply to the femoral head and neck. Results The 20 patients were followed up for one to 5 years (mean, 3. 1 years). In group A,all fractures healed and the average Harris hip score 3 months postoperation was 92 (range, 81 to 97) .Femoral head necrosis occurred in one case. In group B, the symptoms were greatly improved and the average Harris hip score 3 months postoperation was 84 (range, 73 to 95). Deterioration was found in 3 cases, 2 of which had to sustain hip replacement. Conclusion The partial gluteus medius-ilium flap is effective in reconstruction of the blood supply to the femoral head and neck, because it keeps abundant blood supply, and is simple, safe and reliable to handle without sacrificing function of the gluteus medius.     

切开复位与闭合复位治疗移位型股骨颈骨折的疗效比较

Objective To compare the clinical effects of open reduction and closed reduction in treatment of the displaced femoral neck fractures(Garden types Ⅲ and Ⅳ). Methods The clinic data of 122 patients who had been treated for displaced femoral neck fractures in our hospital from January 1998 to June 2006 were included for the present respective analysis.Of them,73 cases were treated with closed reduetion and 49 with open reduction.In the closed reduction group,there were 42 men and 31 women(mean age,56.2±2.4 years),and 43 cases of Garden Ⅲ and 30 eases of Garden Ⅳ.In the open reduction group,there were 30 men and 19 women(mean age,57.5±3.1 years),and 27 cases of Garden Ⅲ and 22 cases of Garden Ⅳ.The 2 groups were compared in reduction quality.satisfactory fixation,ratio of nonunion and ratio of femoral avascular necrosis. Results The 122 patients received a mean follow-up of 50.3 months (from 20 to 101 months).The reduction quality was rated as grade Ⅰ in 39 cases,as gradeⅡin 19 cases,as grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ in 15 cases in the closed group,and as grade Ⅰ in 38 cases,as grade Ⅱ in 9 cases,as grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ in 2 eases in the open group.The differences between the 2 groups were significant(x2=9.519,P=0.010).There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in satisfactory fixation(86.3%venus 87.8%)or in nonunion ratio(8.2%versus 6.1%)(P>0.05).The ratio of femoral avascular necrosis for the open reduction group(10.2%)was significantly lower than that for the closed reduction group (27.4%)(x2=5.320,P=0.021). Conclusion Since open reduction can lower the ratio of femoral avascular necrosis for displaced femoral neck fractures,it is essential to perform timely open reduction when closed reduction fails or the fracture is obviously displaced.     

219例股骨颈骨折患者的临床特点分析

目的 探讨股骨颈骨折的临床特点,分析相关原因.方法 回顾性分析2002年6月至2009年8月就诊的股骨颈骨折患者,就其性别、年龄、骨折侧别及类型、基本社会学资料、伤前活动情况、外伤因素、治疗情况等进行全面分析.结果 分析股骨颈骨折219例,男性106例,女性113例.按年龄分为儿童组(＜16岁)、青壮年组(16～60岁)和老年组(＞60岁).儿童组股骨颈骨折5例(2.3%),青壮年组81例(37.0%),老年组133例(60.7%).Garden Ⅰ型11例(5.0%),Ⅱ型32例(14.6%),Ⅲ型90例(41.1%),Ⅳ型86例(39.3%).摔伤及交通事故伤是主要的外伤类型.家内和公共场所是主要的外伤地点.结论 股骨颈骨折老年人居多,儿童及青壮年患者中男性多见,老年人女性患者多见.儿童组、青壮年组股骨颈骨折Garden分型以Ⅲ型居多,而老年组以Ⅳ型多见.摔伤及交通事故伤是主要的外伤类型.家内和公共场所是主要的外伤地点.

Abstract：

Objectives To investigate the clinical features of femoral neck fractures and analyze related causes. Methods The clinical data of patients with femoral neck fractures from June 2002 to August 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.The gender, age, fracture side, fracture type, basic social data,activities before injury, injury causes and treatment were analyzed. Results A total of 219 patients ( 106 male and 113 female) was analyzed.All patients were divided into children group ( age ＜ 16 years),adult group (age ranged from 16 to 60 years) and older group ( ＞ 60 years). There were 5 patients (2.3% ) in the children group, 81 patients (37.0%) in the adult group and 133 patients(60.7% ) in the older group.There were 11 patients (5.0%) with Garden Ⅰ fractures, 32 patients ( 14.6% ) with Garden Ⅱ fractures, 90 patients (41.1%) with Garden Ⅲ fractures and 86 patients (39.3%) with Garden Ⅳ fractures.Fall damage and traffic injury were the main injury types.Home and public place were the main injury sites.Conclusions The incidence of femoral neck fracture shows the highest in the old persons.The male patients with femoral neck fractures are more than female patients in children and adult group, while the male patients with femoral neck fractures are less than female patients in older group. The dominant fractures type according to Garden classification is Garden Ⅲ factures in children and adult groups, but Garden Ⅳ fractures in older group. Fall damage and traffic injury are the main injury types. Home and public place are the main injury sites.     

股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨颈骨折的临床分析

股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨颈骨折（ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures，IFNSF）于1953年由Dalaney和Street首次报告以来，文献报道逐渐增多，由于其处理的复杂性及挑战性，日益受到骨科医生的关注。我们总结自2000年1月～2005年8月收治的20例IFNSF患者，分析如下。     

Gamma钉固定治疗367例股骨转子间骨折的疗效分析

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of Gamma nails in treatment of intertroehanteric fractures.Methods From October 2000 to December 2006,we used Gamma nails to treat 367 patients with intertrochanteric fractures.They were 135 males and 232 females,aged from 20 to 103years(average,73.1 years).Low-impact injury was found in 309 patients and high-velocity injury in 58patients.By AO classification,there were 117 cases of type A1,208 cases of type A2 and 42 cases of type A3.The period from injury to operation was 4.7 days on average,ranging from 1 to 17 days.The postoperative hip radiographs and the patient's satisfaction were evaluated.The Harris hip score(HHS)self-report was used to compare hip functions before fracture and at the last follow-up. Results Of all the patients,331were followed up for 4 to106 months(mean,16.1 months).On average,99.7%of the fractures(330 cases)healed in 14.2 weeks(range,12 to 24 weeks).Postoperative complications occurred in 28 cases.The average HHS before fracture was 84.6±10.0 points(range,31 to 90),which significantly decreased at the finial follow-up to 75.8±12.8 points(range,19 to 90)(t=6.510,P=0.000).63.7%(135/212)of the patients rated the treatment outcome as excellent,31.6%(67/212)as good,2.8%(6/212)as fair,and 1.9%(4/212)as poor.51.4%(109/212)of the patients felt more or less pain in the hip. Conclusions Gamma nails are effective in treatment of intertroehanteric fractures.However,as the postoperative local pain is evident and the postoperative hip function decreases obviously,this operation needs to be improved.     

Treatment of femoral neck fracture with muscle-bone flap of both tensor fasciae latae and sartorius

Objective： To evaluate the effect of muscular pedicle bone grafts with sartorius or tensor fasciae latae and sartorius in fresh transcervical or subcapital fractures of the femoral neck. Methods: Thirty cases of fresh transcervical and subcapital fractures of the femoral neck were treated by the tail breakable screws and sartorius pedicle bone grafts(single muscular pedicle, SMP group). The other 23 cases were treated by cannulated pressure screws and bone grafts with the muscular pedicles of both sartorius and tensor fasciae latae (double muscular pedicles, DMP group). Results: Fifty-two cases were followed up for 3 to 5 years (mean, 4 years). In SMP group, ten cases showed poor therapeutic results. Excellent therapeutic effects were achieved in all cases of DMP group. Conclusions : The transcervical or subcapital fractures of the femoral neck can be treated by double muscular pedicles bone graft. The bone graft with double muscular pedicles is more effective than single sartorius muscular pedicles for fresh transcervical and subcapitul fractures of the femoral neck during short and medium terms.     

Treatment of tibiofibular fractures of Gustilo type Ⅲ by vacuum, sealing drainage and external fixation

Objective To report clinical efficacy of vacuum sealing drainage(VSD)and external fixation in the treatment of tibiofibular fractures of Gustilo type Ⅲ. Methods From October 2006 to November 2009,19 cases of Gustilo type Ⅲ tibiofibular fracture were treated in our department.They were 14men and 5 women,with an average age of 30.1 years(from 17 to 62 years).There were 9 cases of type ⅢA,8 cases of Type ⅢB 2 cases of typeⅢC.After emergency debridement,all the fractures were fixed with an extemal fixator following indirect reduction.The wounds were sealed with VSD.When the wounds were clean and granulation appeared,they were repaired by direct suture(5 cases),split-thickness skin graft(9 cases)and flap transposition(5 cases). Results The 19 cases were followed up for 12 to 24 months,with an average of 16.3 months.A11 the wounds were closed'after VSD for 5 to 17 days.Wound infection occurred in 2 cases and was finally repaired by flap transposition following repeated debridement and VSD.The fractures healed after 4 to 10 months(average,5.6 months). Conclusion External fixation combined with VSD is a simple and effective treatment for tibiofibular fractures of Gustilo type Ⅲ.because it can provide not only rapid fixation but also early wound sealing to facilitate fracture healing and reduce incidence of complications.     

股骨干骨折合并同侧隐性股骨颈骨折的诊治分析

目的探讨对股骨干骨折合并同侧隐性股骨颈骨折的诊治方法。方法1998年3月至2003年10月我院共收治股骨干合并同侧隐性股骨颈骨折9例。回顾性分析这9例患者的临床资料。9例患者术前CT诊断隐性股骨颈骨折3例,术中诊断5例,术后CT发现合并股骨颈骨折1例。其中5例采用股骨重建髓内针同时固定股骨干和股骨颈骨折;3例患者股骨干采用逆行髓内针固定而股骨颈采用空心钉固定;另1例在顺行完成股骨干固定后用2枚空心钉固定股骨颈。结果所有患者均获得随访,随访时间6～36个月,平均20个月。全部股骨干骨折均在术后6个月内愈合,股骨颈骨折在3个月内愈合。结论股骨干骨折合并同侧隐性股骨颈骨折早期漏诊率高,临床医生通过对患者的受伤机制分析,对高能量损伤患者应考虑隐性股骨颈骨折的可能,术前可用CT获得诊断,行股骨干骨折带锁髓内针时术中和术后密切注意股骨颈骨折是否存在,从而减少股骨颈骨折的漏诊率。采用髓内针固定可获得满意疗效。     

股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨颈骨折的诊断与治疗

[目的]探讨股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨颈骨折的临床特点、漏诊原因和治疗方法。[方法]1999～2005年本院收治股骨干骨折伴同侧股骨颈骨折患者12例，回顾性分析这12例患者的临床资料。术前诊断股骨颈骨折7例，术中诊断2例，术后发现合并股骨颈骨折3例。其中3例采用股骨重建髓内针同时固定股骨干和股骨颈骨折，2例采用动力髋螺钉（DHS）固定，1例采用空心钉固定股骨颈骨折，再行闭合复位逆行带锁髓内钉固定股骨干骨折，2例采用顺行带锁髓内钉（UFN）结合空心钉固定，1例合并股骨髁上骨折，采用LISS—DF固定股骨干和股骨髁上髁间骨折，空心钉固定股骨颈，3例采用钢板固定2～3d后发现股骨颈骨折，再行空心钉固定。[结果]术后随访1～6年，平均3．4年，股骨干骨折均愈合，股骨颈骨折愈合11例，其中1例畸形愈合，不愈合1例，股骨头坏死1例。[结论]股骨干合并同侧股骨颈骨折相对较少，漏诊率较高，对于高能量损伤患者应提高警惕，常规摄骨盆前后位X线片，必要时行CT检查，治疗应根据股骨干骨折的部位和股骨颈骨折的移位程度来确定内固定方式。     

重建钉治疗股骨干合并同侧髋部骨折的临床观察

目的：评价股骨重建钉治疗股骨干合并同侧髋部骨折的临床疗效及手术要点。方法：自2002年6月至2008年6月采用重建钉治疗15例股骨干合并同侧髋部骨折患者,全部为男性,年龄34-85岁,平均45岁。股骨干骨折WinquistI型2例,Ⅱ型6例,Ⅲ型2例,Ⅳ型2例,3例多段骨折。髋部骨折包括粗隆间骨折7例,股骨颈骨折8例（根据Garden分型,I型1例,Ⅱ型3例,Ⅲ型2例,Ⅳ型2例）。结果：15例患者均获随访,时间12～55个月,平均30．9个月。股骨颈骨折不愈合1例,内翻畸形1例;14例2-6个月获得髋部骨折愈合,平均4个月。股骨干骨折延迟愈合1例（9个月时愈合）,不愈合2例;13例4～9个月获得股骨干愈合,平均5．5个月。无感染、股骨头坏死及超过2cm的下肢短缩。Friedman—Wyman系统疗效评价：优良13例,一般1例,差1例。结论：股骨重建钉对于股骨干合并同侧髋部骨折固定可靠,并发症少,是一种有效的固定方式。     

带锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折合并股骨颈及转子间骨折或转子下粉碎骨折

目的应用带锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨颈骨折及转子间骨折或转子下粉碎骨折。方法在1996年7月～1998年11月收治的16例复杂股骨骨折中,股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨颈骨折3例,合并转手间骨折4例,转子下粉碎骨折9例。其中10例应用国产加长型Gamma钉,6例使用Russell－Taylor股骨重建钉固定。结果所有病例随访6～22个月,平均11个月。除1例股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨颈骨折患者术后7个月出现股骨头坏死外,其余15例骨折均愈合,平均愈合时间5．5个月,患肢关节功能优良。经此方法治疗后可早期活动关节及功能锻炼、手术创伤小、切口小、固定可靠、骨折愈合率高。结论　　对股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨颈骨折及转手间骨折或转子下粉碎骨折的治疗,带锁髓内钉具有明显优势。     

钢板结合髓内钉治疗胫骨单髁伴同侧胫骨干中、远段骨折

 目的 探讨钢板结合髓内钉治疗同侧胫骨平台单髁伴胫骨干中、远段骨折的可行性和临床疗效。方法 2003年 5月至 2008年11月,钢板结合髓内钉固定治疗胫骨平台单髁伴同侧胫骨干骨折21例,男15 例,女6 例;年龄20～55岁,平均34岁。按Schatzer分类,Ⅰ型4例、Ⅱ型11例、Ⅲ型6例。胫骨干骨折按部位分型,胫骨干中段骨折13例、中下1∕3骨折8例。复位后,先钢板固定胫骨平台再髓内钉固定胫骨干19例,先髓内钉固定胫骨干再钢板固定胫骨平台2例。结果 所有病均例获得随访,随访时间0.9～4年,平均2.2年。所有患者均获骨性愈合,胫骨平台平均愈合时间为12周;胫骨干骨折平均愈合时间为29周,3例患者胫骨干骨折延迟愈合,拆除交锁钉使之动力化后愈合。1例胫骨平台未能解剖复位导致骨折畸形愈合。根据HSS膝关节评分标准[2],优17例(80.95%)、良3例(14.29%)、中1例(4.76%)。结论 注意一些技术要点,应用两种熟悉的手术技巧,钢板结合髓内钉能够成功治疗胫骨平台单髁伴同侧胫骨干骨折。     

Retrograde nailing with subsequent screw fixation for ipsilateral femoral shaft and neck fractures

Introduction Although ipsilateral femoral shaft and neck fractures are difficult to treat, there is still no consensus on the optimal treatment of this complex injury. We report the results of treating the 17 fractures with a standard protocol of retrograde nailing for diaphyseal fractures and subsequent screw fixation for the femoral neck fractures. Materials and methods Seventeen injuries (16 patients) sustained femoral shaft fractures, which were treated with retrograde intramedullary nails and subsequent screw fixation. Femoral neck fracture was noted before the operation in all patients except one. A femoral shaft fracture was always addressed first with unreamed retrograde nailing. Then, the femoral neck fracture was treated by cannulated screws or dynamic hip screw according to the level of fracture. Results The average time for union of femoral shaft fractures was 27.3 (14–60) weeks. Nonunion occurred in five patients, who required bone grafts or changes of fixation. The average time for union of femoral neck fractures was 11 (8–12) weeks. All united, except for one case of nonunion with avascuar necrosis, which was a Garden stage IV fracture. Functional results using Friedman–Wyman criteria were good in 16 cases, and fair in one. The only fair result was nonunion of the femoral neck, which had the joint arthroplasty. Conclusion Retrograde nailing of femoral shaft fractures can provide an easy fixation and a favorable result for ipsilateral femoral neck fractures.This study was conducted at Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea. The authors have and will not receive any financial benefit in association with the present paper.     

网络数据来源的股骨干合并同侧股骨颈骨折的诊断与治疗

目的 以网络开放数据库为基础,探讨股骨干合并同侧股骨颈骨折的诊断与治疗策略.方法 筛选2005年11月1日至2008年12月31日中华骨科网(htpp://www.orthochina.org)骨科创伤版数据库中128例股骨颈骨折患者资料,均由通过"骨科医生"身份验证的专业骨科医生提交,提取18例股骨干合并同侧股骨颈骨折患者资料.利用网络开放数据库的特点,综合分析此18例患者的医院分布、漏诊时间和漏诊原因,总结及汇总论坛讨论意见,分析骨科医生对股骨干合并同侧股骨颈骨折的认识,汇总治疗策略.结果 股骨干合并同侧股骨颈骨折占股骨颈骨折的14.1%(18/128).38.9%(7/18)的患者漏诊股骨颈骨折,1例为术巾漏诊,6例为术后漏诊.18例患者中,来自基层一级医疗机构者3例,地区二级医院12例,三级甲等医院3例.7例漏诊患者中,基层一级医疗机构3例,地区二级医院1例,三级甲等医院3例.早期确诊的11例患者多采用钢板加空心加压螺纹钉固定或股骨近端髓内钉固定,疗效可靠.1例术中漏诊患者术中补救后复位固定满意.6例术后漏诊患者中,3例采用空心加压螺纹钉同定,骨折复位较好;3例未对股骨颈骨折固定,预后较差.医生查体不完全、尤摄髋CT和术中透视及复查X线没有包括同侧髋关节是漏诊的主要原因.结论 网络数据库客观反映目前临床诊疗中股骨干合并同侧股骨颈骨折的重要性和风险,漏诊患者中顺行髓内钉的翻修最为困难,早期诊治及避免漏诊十分必要,应强调规范化查体和诊治.     

Cephalomedullary interlocked nail for ipsilateral hip and femoral shaft fractures

A retrospective study of the management of 23 cases of ipsilateral hip and femoral shaft fractures, between January 1998 and December 2001, is presented. All except two cases were managed by a single implant, i.e. reconstruction nail. There was delayed diagnosis of femoral neck fracture in two cases where the "miss a nail" technique was used for fixation of the femoral neck fracture. All patients managed by reconstruction nail were simultaneously operated on for both fractures and operative treatment was executed as early as the general condition of the patient permitted. Delay in treatment was generally because of the associated injuries (head, chest or abdominal). There were 22 males and 1 female patient with an average age of 34.5 years. Average follow-up was 30.9 months. There was one case of non-union of the femoral neck fracture, one case of avascular necrosis and one femoral neck fracture united in varus. There were four cases of non-union and six cases of delayed union of femoral shaft fractures. Mean time for union of the femoral neck fracture was 15 weeks and for the shaft fracture was 22 weeks. In this series femoral shaft fracture determined the total union period. Complications involving the femoral shaft fracture were more common than those related to femoral neck fractures. Shaft complications were more manageable with or without secondary procedures as compared to femoral neck complications, which usually require more extensive procedures. This stresses the need to realise the significance and seriousness of both components of this complex injury, in evaluation, management and post-operative care. We conclude that, though technically demanding, reconstruction nail is an acceptable alternative for management of concomitant fractures of the femoral neck and shaft with acceptable rates of complications and good results.