子宫下段局解特点与剖宫产切口选择

剖宫产术的子宫下段切口方式很多,如横切口,纵切口以及⊥形,∪形与┘形切口.切法也是因人各异.如何选择切口的形式和切法,我们认为应结合子宫下段局部解剖特点进行选择.这样,既可减少切口出血和邻近组织的损伤,又易于切口的愈合.     

淋巴绘图:寻找前哨淋巴结

淋巴绘图的目的是辨认原发性实体肿瘤的前哨淋巴结(SLN).目前淋巴绘图技术已发展成为乳癌和黑素瘤的一种标准手术评价方法.在妇科恶性肿瘤中以外阴癌研究较多.通过SLN活检,可诊断出微转移癌;若SLN病理阴性,在肿瘤患者是否仍需要行局部淋巴结切除术尚待更多临床试验证实.     

输卵管基础解剖及与卵巢之间血供的解剖学研究

输卵管疾病是临床常见的疾病,除影响妇女的生育能力外,严重时还可以导致死亡。输卵管相关基础解剖是我们理解疾病发生的根本。文章就输卵管相关基础解剖进行了深入讨论,并重点探讨了输卵管与卵巢血供之间联系的研究进展。     

网片在盆底重建手术中的应用进展

盆腔器官脱垂的手术目的是缓解症状,使患者在解剖和功能上恢复正常.传统手术方式术后复发率较高.近年随着对盆腔器官脱垂解剖及发病机制研究的深入,提出一些新的理论,手术器械、修补材料也随之改进,盆底重建手术术式逐渐发展.其最佳目标是恢复正常解剖状态,在自身组织不能利用时,需加用各种材料和形式的支持物以加固或起到连接与悬吊作用.但何种网片材料更佳、手术的远期疗效等均有待延长随访时间、大规模前瞻性病例对照研究验证.     

论解剖、外科和妇产科医生

20多年前, 我出了《妇科手术笔记》的第1卷和第2卷, 当然后来应该还有第3卷和第4卷。在书里, 我要表达的是:清清楚楚解剖, 明明白白手术, 勤勤恳恳工作, 开开心心生活。这是作为一个妇产科医生的工作观念和生活观念。实际上, 我们每天都要"解剖别人", 就是对待或诊治病人;又要"解剖自己", 就是要求或修养自己。     

阴道-骶骨固定术手术区域应用解剖研究

目的 探讨阴道.骶骨固定术手术安全性的区域解剖依据.方法 2008年9月至2009年4月在广州医学院第一附属医院选用16具成年女性尸体,对其骶前区血管灌注后进行骶前区域的尸体解剖,观察骶前区域的结构,并测量骶前区与周围结构的距离.结果 骶正中血管解剖位置变异大,其中43.75%(7/16)穿过骶岬中点,56.25%(9/16)经骶骨中线偏右侧行走;第一横干静脉解剖位置变异大,可分为两型:Ⅰ型为解剖正常组,血管分布位于第一横线上,占73.33%,;Ⅱ型为解剖变异组,血管位于骶岬下方10mm之内,占26.67%.从S1～S5,骶椎高度、骶前孔间距、横干静脉间的间距递减,无血管区域面积递减;从S1～S5,骶正中血管到骶前孔的距离渐小;在骶岬和第一骶前孔平面与骶正中血管距离最近的血管是右髂内静脉.结论 S1椎体盆腔面无血管区域最大,是阴道一骶骨固定术相对安全的缝合固定区域.相对安全区域上界为骶岬下10mm、下界为骶岬下方40mm、宽度为15mm的(30ram×15mm)矩形区域.     

第三届宫颈癌微创手术论坛暨第六届腹腔镜/保留神经的广泛性子宫切除术与相关解剖高级研讨班

<正>微创是一种理念,更是一种责任和承诺。只有将微创的理论、理念应用于宫颈癌手术中才能真正体现宫颈癌治疗的微创化;只有将腹盆腔解剖了熟于胸才能在术中娴熟地进行微创化。中国工程院院士、北京协和医院郎景和教授欣然为我们书写"宫颈癌微创手术论坛",成为我们坚持办会的精神支柱。今年我们将原来分开的春秋两会联合起来,先论微创手术的理论,后对微创解剖进行针对性学习。相信我们的会议会给您带来一份惊喜,带来一份收获。2015年9月让我们相聚广州。     

《解剖与临床》2011年征稿征订启事

《解剖与临床》杂志（CN11-5357/R,ISSN1671-7163）由中华人民共和国卫生部主管,中国医师协会、蚌埠医学院主办,蚌埠医学院第一附属医院承办。它是临床医学专家与解剖学专家共同创办的跨学科学术期刊,是解剖与临床之间相互交流的学术园地。它以解决临床问题为目的 ,以广大临床与解剖工作者为服务对象,以临床与解剖相结合为特色,以提高与普及并重为办刊方针,面向临床,服务于临床。     

盆腔及会阴部血管解剖与妇科手术中出血的防治

文章重点介绍了盆腔与会阴部的血管解剖,以及与妇科手术相关的主要血管的分布、起止和功能.分析了妇科术中出血的可能原因,并提出了预防和处理各种类型出血的有效方法.     

根治性子宫切除术相关的解剖要点和手术技巧

该文重点对与根治性子宫切除术相关的盆腔局部解剖和手术技巧进行了分析、论述,为从事妇科肿瘤的医生提供借鉴和参考.     

Blood lead and cadmium and birth weight among sub-arctic and arctic populations of Norway and Russia

BACKGROUND: Delivering women and their newborns in the Kola Peninsula of Russia and the neighboring arctic area of Norway were studied to explore relationships between maternal cadmium and lead status and birth weight as a pregnancy outcome. METHODS: Life-style information, maternal blood and cord blood specimens were collected from 50 consecutive mother-infant pairs from hospital delivery departments in three Russian and three Norwegian communities. Pregnancy outcomes were verified by consulting medical records. Lead and cadmium were determined in the blood samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. RESULTS: The median blood-cadmium concentration for the Russian mothers was 2.2 nmol/L (n = 148) versus 1.8 nmol/L in the Norwegian group (n = 114, p = 0.55). A weak association was observed between maternal cadmium and amount smoked (r = 0.30, p<0.001); no correlation was found between maternal blood cadmium and birth weight. The corresponding maternal lead values were 0.14 (Russia) and 0.06 micromol/L (Norway), p<0.001. The latter lead concentration constitutes one of the lowest adult population values reported to date. Maternal and cord blood lead levels were strongly correlated (r = 0.88, p<0.001). In a multivariate linear regression model, maternal blood lead was recognized as a negative explanatory variable (p<0.05) for birth weight and child's body mass index (BMIC), with or without adjustment for gestational age. A similar association was suggested by ANOVA-analysis of maternal blood lead by quartiles. CONCLUSION: Maternal blood-lead level as an environmental factor is an apparent predictor of low birth weight and BMIC. It reduced substantially the contribution of a country factor in explaining the observed differences in birth weight.     

Pharmacokinetics and endometrial and tubal tissue penetration of cefalotin and cefazolin

The pharmacokinetics and concentrations of the two antibiotics cefazolin and cefalotin were studied during gynecologic operations in endometrial and tubal tissue. The patients received 0.05 g/kg of the antibiotics by intravenous injection. Under the given conditions, pharmacokinetic calculation of the plasma elimination gave half-lives of 24.8 min for cefalotin and of 63 min for cefazolin. Fitting of the tissue levels to the Bateman function showed that the two antibiotics diffuse rapidly into both tubal and endometrial tissue and attain peak concentration levels between 10 and 25 min. In both tissues the concentrations of cefazolin were higher than those of cefalotin. Higher tissue concentrations of cefazolin could also be demonstrated in experiments of longer duration.