Long-term outcomes of drug-eluting versus bare-metal stent implantation in patients with chronic total coronary artery occlusions

Background There are limited data on the efficacy of drug-eluting stents （DES） for treatment of chronic total occlusions （CTO）. The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes of DES implantation for CTO compared with bare-metal stent （BMS） implantation.
Methods Between June 1995 and December 2006, a total of 1184 patients with successful recanalization of at least one de novo CTO lesion were consecutively registered, including 660 （55.7%） who underwent DES and 524 （44.3%） who underwent BMS implantation. All patients were followed up for up to 5 years for occurrence of major adverse cardiac events （MACE）. Long-term survival rates were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method.
Results Baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics were comparable between the two groups except that patients in the DES group received longer dual antiplatelet therapy （（7.4±2.5） months vs （1.7±0.8） months, P 〈0.001）. Average follow-up periods were （4.7±0.89） and （3.2±1.3） years for the BMS and DES groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in 5-year survival rates between the two groups （90.3% for DES group vs 89.6% for BMS group, Log-rank P=0.38）, but the 5-year target vessel revascularization （TVR）-free survival rate in the DES group was significantly higher than that in the BMS group （81.6% vs 73.5%, Log-rank P 〈0.001）. The cumulative MACE-free survival in the DES group was also significantly higher than that in the BMS group （80.6% vs 71.5%, Log-rank P〈0.001）. The rates of readmission caused by cardiovascular disease （27.0% vs 37.8%, P 〈0.001） and the need for bypass surgery were significantly lower in the DES group （1.5% vs 3.4%, P 〈0.05）. By multivariable analysis, DES implantation could significantly lower the long-term MACE risk of PCI for CTO patients （HR： 0.492; 95% Cl 0.396-0.656, P 〈0.001）. Left ventricular ejection fraction 〈50% and elderly （〉65 years） were identified as independent predictors of long-term MACE during follow-up.
Conclusion This study demonstrates the long-term （up to 5 years） efficacy of DES for treatment of CTO, which is superior to BMS implantation in reducing the rates of TVR and MACE, as well as the need of re-admission and bypass surgery.     

Safety and efficacy of coronary drug eluting stent for atherosclerotic stenosis of the small renal artery

Small diameter renal artery refers to the renal artery with the cross-section diameter less than 5 mm, the incidence of which is approximately 8%＇ Small diameter renal artery is common in patients with congenital multi-branch renal arteries, diabetes and multi-coronary artery lesions. Renal artery bare-mental stent （BMS） implantation is the standard treatment for ostial renal     

涂层可降解与不可降解药物洗脱支架在冠状动脉疾病治疗中的对比研究

目的：比较涂层可降解药物洗脱支架（Excel）与涂层不可降解药物洗脱支架（Partner）在冠状动脉疾病治疗中的近期疗效及安全性。方法：将1315例接受药物洗脱支架治疗的冠心病患者纳入此回顾性对照研究,其中Excel组498例,Partner组817例．观察术后1年内两组患者主要不良心脏事件（MACE）及支架内血栓事件发生情况。结果：两组患者在基线资料、冠脉病变特征等方面均无统计学差异（P〉0．05）;两组患者平均置入支架直径[（2．97±0．39）mm vs（3．03±0．46）mm]及置入支架长度[（25．37±7．39）mm vs（24．57±7．11）mm]比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。尽管Excel组患者平均置入支架直径较小且支架长度偏长,但随访结果显示两组患者1年内主要不良心脏事件及支架内血栓事件发生情况差异均无统计学意义（2．41％vs2．69％,P〉0．05;0．60％vs0．86％,P〉0．05）。结论：涂层可降解与不可降解药物洗脱支架在冠状动脉疾病治疗中的近期疗效及安全性相似。     

冠状动脉内药物洗脱支架植入术后冠状静脉窦血中内皮素-1水平的变化

目的: 观察冠心病患者冠状动脉内支架安置术后冠状静脉窦血浆内皮素-1(ET-1)浓度的动态变化,探讨药物洗脱支架对术后再狭窄防治的作用机制.方法:冠心病患者42例,随机植入药物洗脱支架26例,普通支架16例,分别于冠状动脉球囊扩张术(PTCA)前、支架术后即刻、1 h、3 h和6 h自冠状静脉窦采血检测血浆ET-1的浓度.结果:药物洗脱支架组与普通支架组ET-1水平在术后即刻均降至最低点后即开始回升,到1 h时已超过术前水平,以后普通支架组ET-1水平继续升高,出现释放的第二峰.但药物洗脱支架组程度较为缓和,未出现明显的第二峰,2组ET-1水平在术后6 h差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论:药物洗脱支架可有效抑制冠状静脉窦血浆ET-1浓度的升高,可能是其防治再狭窄机制之一.     

Role of radial artery in total arterial myocardial revascularization in coronary bypass surgery

Background Total arterial revascularization （TAR） was widely utilized in coronary artery bypass grafting （CABG） as a result of its better long-term effect compared with vein grafts. Of the arterial conduits, radial artery （RA） gained popularity for its easy availability and reported long-term patency. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of RA in TAR in CABG.
Methods From January 2000 to December 2006, 85 patients （56 male and 29 female） at a mean age of 57.0 ± 5.2 years, underwent TAR in CABG. RA and left internal mammary artery （LIMA） with composite Y or T and sequential grafting techniques were used. Post-operative complications were recorded and follow-up was performed.
Results Eighty-five LIMA and 149 RA grafts including 21 single and 64 bilateral RA were collected. A total of 87 distal anastomoses were done with the LIMA and another 152 were done with the RA, with the mean number of distal anastomosis per patient of 2.81 ± 0.47. The proximal RA ends were anastomsed directly to the aorta in 140 grafts with Y or T graft off in situ LIMA in 9, Y or T graft off RA in 9. The distal end was anastomsed to right coronary artery system in 92 to obtuse margina in 46, to diagonal in 19 and to ramous intermedius in 5. Nine sequential anastomoses were performed with RA. Nine composite Y or T grafts were constructed with RA and LIMA while another 9 were constructed with RA and RA. One （1.2%） patient died, 3 patients （3.5%） experienced acute renal failure and 2 （2.4%） developed stroke. All patients were still alive and no patient had evidences of newly occurred myocardial infarction or angina after a mean follow-up of 36.5 ＋ 4.1 months （6-67 months）. Postoperatively at 6 month, mean left ventricular ejective fraction was increased to 0.49 ±0.09, compared with that of 0.43 ± 0.11 preoperatively （P=-0.027）. Postoperative mean New York Heart Association class was 2.5±0.5, compared with that of 3.0±0.4 preoperatively （P=-0.003）.
Conclusions T     

Comparative study of on-pump and off-pump coronary bypass surgery in patients with triple-vessel coronary artery disease

Background Studies on selected patients undergoing off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery have produced inconsistent results, especially in patients with multiple coronary artery disease. This study compared the clinical results of on-pump and off-pump coronary bypass surgery in patients with triple-vessel disease.Methods A total of 300 consecutive isolated, multiple coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients were assigned to the off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB, n=150) or CABG with cardiopulmonary bypass (CCABG, n=150) groups. There were no significant differences regarding degree of angina, history of myocardial infarction or diabetes, and presence of left main coronary artery disease between the two groups. Ejection fraction in the OPCAB group before surgery was lower than in the CCABG group (P&lt;0.01). In addition, more patients had a history of stroke and abnormal renal function preoperatively in the OPCAB group（P&lt; 0.01）. In OPCAB patients, single deep pericardial stay suture with a sling snared down was used to expose the target vessels, along with a stabilizer and a coronary shunt. A Medi-Stim Butterfly Flowmeter was used to measure blood flow through grafts in both groups.Results No OPCAB patient was converted to the CCABG group. The average numbers of distal anastomoses and the indexes of completeness of revascularization (ICR) were similar in both groups. Postoperative respiratory support time and the volumes of chest tube drainage and of blood transfusions were less in the OPCAB group than in the CCABG group (both P&lt;0.01). The postoperative incidences of pulmonary dysfunction and renal insufficiency were lower in the OPCAB group than in the CCABG group （both P&lt;0.05）. There were no significant differences between the two groups in mortality and other causes of morbidity (periopetative myocardial infarction, stroke, atrial fibrillation). Conclusions OPCAB can be applied to patients with triple-vessel coronary artery disease and can achieve similar completeness of revascularization and similar early surgical results, with shorter respiratory support, reduced transfusion requirement, and fewer cases of pulmonary dysfunction and abnormal renal function.     

药物洗脱性支架和裸金属支架植入治疗冠状动脉狭窄的临床随访观察

目的探讨药物洗脱性支架(DES)和裸金属支架(BMS)治疗冠状动脉狭窄的远期疗效。方法对成功进行DES植入术患者2734例和BMS植入患者216例术后6个月、1年进行随访,观察其支架内再狭窄(ISR)发生率、急性心肌梗死发生率、冠状动脉旁路移植(CABG)或再次经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)治疗率、病死率,分析术后再狭窄的独立危险因素。结果术后6个月、1年时DES组ISR发生率均低于BMS组(9.58%vs 18.98%,18.32%vs 31.94%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);随访6个月时,急性心肌梗死发生率、CABG或再次PCI治疗率和病死率方面比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但是随访1年后,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素分析发现,支架直径≤3 mm、吸烟和年龄是支架植入术后发生再狭窄的独立危险因素。结论在冠状动脉狭窄的治疗中,DES的远期疗效优于BMS,但临床应用还需要进一步的循证医学研究证据。     

雷帕霉素洗脱支架与冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗多支病变冠心病疗效的比较

目的比较雷帕霉素洗脱支架术与冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)治疗多支冠状动脉病变的临床疗效。方法分析2002年1月至2004年12月行完全血运重建的512例多支冠状动脉病变患者的临床资料,其中接受CABG262例,接受雷帕霉素洗脱支架术250例,比较其围术期及随访期间临床疗效。结果雷帕霉素洗脱支架组比CABG组手术成功率高(100%比96·6%,P<0·01),住院期间总病死率和主要不良心脏事件(MACE)发生率均明显低于CABG组(1·2%比5·3%和1·6%比5·3%,均P<0·05),但2组住院期间无事件存活率比较差异无统计学意义。出院后2组患者平均随访时间19个月±14个月,随访率、MACE发生率、心绞痛复发率及无事件存活率差异均无统计学意义,但CABG组心力衰竭死亡率显著高于雷帕霉素洗脱支架组(10·9%比4·8%,P<0·05)。结论雷帕霉素洗脱支架术治疗多支冠状动脉病变患者长期疗效与CABG相当,是治疗多支病变冠心病患者一种较好的方法。     

13例冠状动脉旁路术的临床分析

目的 报告13例冠状动脉旁路术的临床体会。方法 体外循环下手术9例。非体外循环心脏跳动下手术4例,其中3例同期行心肌激光血运重建术,单支病变2例、双支病变3例、三支病变7例、左主干病变1例。平均每例搭桥2.3支。结果 全组无手术死亡,术后心绞痛消失11例,减轻2例。结论 冠状动脉旁路术是安全的手术,非体外循环心脏跳动下冠状动脉旁路术可减少术后输血及并发症,患者术后恢复快。     

Stenting versus non-stenting after revascularization of chronic total coronary artery occlusion: short- and long-term clinical and angiographic results

Ｔｏｔａｌｃｏｒｏｎａｒｙｏｃｃｌｕｓｉｏｎｉｓｆｏｕｎｄｉｎ 10 % - 2 0 %ｏｆｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙｐｅｒｆｏｒｍｅｄｃｏｒｏｎａｒｙａｎｇｉｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃｐｒｏｃｅｄｕｒｅｓｗｉｔｈｗｅｌｌｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄｃｏｌｌａｔｅｒａｌｓｐｒｅｓｅｎｔａｎｄｍｙｏｃａｒｄｉａｌｖｉａｂｉｌｉｔｙｍａｉｎｔａｉｎｅｄｕｎｄｅｒｒｅｓｔｉｎｇｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓ Ｔｈｏｓｅｉｎｔｒａ ａｎｄｉｎｔｅｒｃｏｒｏｎａｒｙｎｅｔｗｏｒｋｓａｒｅｏｆｔｅｎｉｎａｄｅｑｕｔｅｄｕｒｉｎｇｐｅｒｉｏｄｓｏｆｉｎｃｒ…     

药物洗脱支架内再狭窄再次置人支架的远期疗效和安全性

目的探讨对药物洗脱支架(DES)置入后发生再狭窄(ISR)患者再次实施DES置入术的远期疗效和安全性。方法选择植入DES的冠心病患者,经冠状动脉造影检查证实发生再狭窄(ISR≥50%),并且再次置入DES治疗ISR介入手术成功的患者。985例DES-ISR患者根据狭窄类型分为局限性狭窄组130例(13.2%),弥漫性狭窄组699例(71.0%),闭塞性狭窄组156例(15.8%)。随访观察3组患者的远期(6个月、12个月)疗效及安全性。结果经过6个月的随访,局限性狭窄组患者主要不良心血管事件(MACE)的发生率为3.85%(5/130);弥漫性狭窄组患者MACE的发生率为2.72%(19/699);闭塞狭窄组患者MACE的发生率为3.21%(5/156),3组6个月的随访结果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。经过12个月的随访,局限性狭窄组患者MACE的发生率为13.08%(17/130);弥漫性狭窄组患者MACE的发生率为9.16%(64/699);闭塞狭窄组患者MACE的发生率为9.62%(15/156),3组12个月的随访结果差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论目前对于DES-ISR患者来说,不论ISR的类型,再次置入DES都是一种有效的方法。     

Clinical outcomes after recanalization of a chronic total occluded vessel with bifurcation lesions: results from single-center, prospective, chronic total occlusion registry study

Background  Stenting strategies and clinical outcomes of bifurcation lesions in a chronic total occlusion (CTO) vessel after successful recanalization remain to be unknown.

Methods  Between January 2001 and December 2009, 195 (41.1%) patients with 254 (47.0%) bifurcation lesions in CTO vessels from a pool of 564 patients with 659 CTO lesions were included and divided into proximal (n=134) and distal (n=120) groups, according to the location of the bifurcation lesions. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at the end of clinical follow-up, including cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or target vessel revascularization (TVR).

Results  Collaterals with Rentrop class 3 were seen more in distal group (100% and 68.3%), compared to proximal group (76.9% and 45.6%). Two-stent technique for proximal bifurcation lesions was used in 24.6%, significantly different from the distal group (6.7%, P <0.001), without significant difference in composite MACE between proximal and distal groups, or between one- and two-stent subgroups in proximal group. The composite MACE after 1-year in complete revascularization subgroup was 17.9% relative to 29.6% in the incomplete revascularization group (P=0.044). Stents in long false lumen in main vessel were mainly attributive to decreased TIMI grade flow, with resultant increased in-stent restenosis, total occlusion, TVR and coronary aneurysms. Imcomplete revasculzarization (HR 2.028, P=0.049, 95% CI 1.002–4.105) and post-stenting TIMI flow (HR 6.122, P=0.020, 95% CI 1.334–28.092) were two independent predictors of composite MACE at the 1-year follow-up.

Conclusions  Two-stent was more used for proximal bifurcation lesions. No significant difference was observed in MACE between proximal and distal, or between one- and two-stent subgroups in the proximal group. Placement of a safety wire was critical for proximal bifurcation lesions. Complete revascularization was mandatory to improve clinical outcomes.

     

慢性完全冠状动脉堵塞患者侧枝血管、室壁运动和射血分数研究

目的 比较慢性完全冠状动脉堵塞（CTO）有心肌梗死和无心肌梗死患者侧枝血管、室壁运动和射血分数的差异,并分析其原因。方法 对256例诊断为CTO（堵塞时间≥3月）的患者,回顾性分析病史、心肌酶谱、心电图、冠状动脉CT和冠状动脉造影后将其分为心肌梗死组(n=138)和非心肌梗死组(n=118),比较两组患者的一般临床情况、堵塞血管的位置分布和支数、非堵塞血管病变位置分布和严重程度、侧枝血管Rentrop分级、心脏超声室壁节段运动及射血分数的差异。结果 两组患者一般情况、堵塞冠状动脉位置分布、堵塞血管支数、非堵塞冠状动脉病变位置分布、病变严重程度、侧枝血管分级比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。心肌梗死组患者的室壁节段运动正常发生率和射血分数均低于非心肌梗死组,但运动消失和矛盾运动发生率均高于非心肌梗死组（P<0.05）。结论 冠状动脉完全堵塞3个月以上,不管堵塞血管支配区域是否发生心肌梗死,Rentrop侧枝血管分级已无差异。虽然冠状动脉完全堵塞时侧枝血管可以保护心肌完全避免心肌梗死发生,但对左心室室壁节段运动和整体功能的保护有限。     

慢性完全冠状动脉堵塞患者侧枝血管、室壁运动和射血分数研究

目的 比较慢性完全冠状动脉堵塞(CTO)有心肌梗死和无心肌梗死患者侧枝血管、室壁运动和射血分数的差异,并分析其原因.方法 对256例诊断为CTO(堵塞时间≥3月)的患者,回顾性分析病史、心肌酶谱、心电图、冠状动脉CT和冠状动脉造影后将其分为心肌梗死组(n=138)和非心肌梗死组(n=118),比较两组患者的一般临床情况、堵塞血管的位置分布和支数、非堵塞血管病变位置分布和严重程度、侧枝血管Rentrop分级、心脏超声室壁节段运动及射血分数的差异.结果 两组患者一般情况、堵塞冠状动脉位置分布、堵塞血管支数、非堵塞冠状动脉病变位置分布、病变严重程度、侧枝血管分级比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).心肌梗死组患者的室壁节段运动正常发生率和射血分数均低于非心肌梗死组,但运动消失和矛盾运动发生率均高于非心肌梗死组(P<0.05).结论 冠状动脉完全堵塞3个月以上,不管堵塞血管支配区域是否发生心肌梗死,Rentrop侧枝血管分级已无差异.虽然冠状动脉完全堵塞时侧枝血管可以保护心肌完全避免心肌梗死发生,但对左心室室壁节段运动和整体功能的保护有限.     

心脏不停跳全动脉化冠状动脉搭桥术15例报告

目的　评价非体外循环心脏不停跳全动脉化冠状动脉搭桥术的临床价值及意义。方法　自 2 0 0 1年 6月至 2 0 0 3年 1 0月 ,采用非体外循环心脏不停跳技术 ,给 4 0例冠心病患者行冠状动脉搭桥术 (OPCABG) ,其中 1 5例全部采用乳内动脉 (1 7支 )和桡动脉 (1 8支 )作为移植血管材料。共搭桥 35支 ,平均 2 33支。术中使用CTS心脏固定器。结果　全组无术中需转体外循环情况 ,无围术期急性心肌梗塞 ,无死亡病例。术后心绞痛症状全部缓解 ,住院天数为 1 3～ 2 7天 ,平均 1 6 5 2天。结论　非体外循环心脏不停跳全动脉化冠状动脉搭桥手术是简便、安全、有效、经济的方法 ;近期效果与同时使用静脉桥的搭桥术相同 ;围手术期无动脉性桥血管痉挛的情况发生。远期效果有待观察     

49例冠状动脉介入治疗再狭窄高危患者药物洗脱支架的临床应用

目的:分析经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后再狭窄高危患者应用两种药物洗脱支架的临床疗效.方法:在17个月期间对49例再狭窄高危患者行雷帕霉素(Cypher)和/或紫杉醇(Taxus)药物洗脱支架置入术.24例患者接受Cypher支架置入术;25例患者接受Taxus支架置入术.结果:24例患者26支血管的27处病变共置入27个Cypher支架;25例患者36支血管的42处病变共置入42个Taxus支架.对49例患者平均随访7.3个月(1个月～17个月),没有1例发生术后再狭窄或进行靶血管重建或靶病变重建,但有2例在PCI后5 d(Cypher支架)和45 d(Taxus支架)分别发生了亚急性支架内血栓形成.结论:药物洗脱支架置入术即刻成功率高,在再狭窄高危患者的术后近期再狭窄发生率很低,但是术后亚急性支架内血栓形成是一个需要引起特别关注的问题.     

Comparison of drug eluting stents with bare metal stents in daily practice for bifurcation lesions in Chinese patients

Background Recently, numerous randomized and controlled trials have demonstrated great advantages of drug eluting stents (DES) with respect to significant reduction of restenosis and recurrence of symptoms and improvement of clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Little is known about the comparative effects between DES and bare metal stents (BMS) for bifurcation angioplasty in the Chinese population. We compared the inpatient and 7-month follow-up outcomes between DES and BMS for the treatment of bifurcation lesions. Methods From April 2004 to October 2005, 291 Chinese patients [85.9% male, mean age (57.8±10.4) years] underwent DES (387 lesions) and/or BMS (297 lesions) implantation for bifurcation lesions. Clinical and angiographic follow-up was performed at 7 months. Results Compared with BMS group, patients in DES group had significantly lower rates of restenosis at main branch (9.5% vs 28.7%, P < 0.001) or side branch (14.5% vs 37.0%, P < 0.001) and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (14.0% vs 26.3%, P = 0.000). The occurrence rate of late in-stent thrombosis did not differ between the two groups in both main (0.8% vs 0, P = 0.224) and side branches (1.4% vs 0, P = 0.198). Target lesion revascularization (TLR) was less frequent in DES group for main branch (8.3% vs 21.3%, P < 0.001) and for side branch (7.6% vs 23.5%, P < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that total stent length (OR = 1.029, P = 0.01), postprocedural in-stent minimum lumen diameter (OR = 0.476, P = 0.03) and stent type (OR = 3.988, P = 0.0001) were independent predictors of TLR for main branch. Prior history of coronary intervention (OR = 2.424, P = 0.041), angulated lesion (OR = 2.337, P = 0.033), postdilation (OR = 0.267, P = 0.035) and stent type (DES vs BMS, OR = 5.459, P = 0.000) were independent predictors of TLR for side branch. Conclusion The implantation of DES may be associated with greater reduction of restenosis and TLR than BMS in bifurcations angioplasty.     

慢性完全闭塞性病变介入治疗影响因素分析

目的：探讨经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗慢性完全闭塞性病变(CT0)介入治疗成功率的影响因素。方法：对本院2000年5月—2002年9月24例26处CT0的PCI资料进行回顾性分析。结果：24例26处CT0，总成功率达80．8％，支架置人19处(73．1％)。血管闭塞时间≤3个月、闭塞长度≤20mm、闭塞末端呈尖形者PCI成功率较高，有桥状侧支、闭塞近端血管重度弯曲者手术均失败。结论：影响成功率的因素有血管闭塞时间、闭塞长度、闭塞末端形态、桥状侧支、闭塞近端血管弯曲等。     

药物洗脱支架与金属裸支架置入术后对糖尿病患者远期死亡、心肌梗死和支架血栓发生情况的影响

目的本研究通过比较糖尿病患者置入金属裸支架(bare metal stents,BMS)vs药物洗脱支架(drug eluting stents,DES)后发生死亡、心肌梗死(myocardial infarction,MI)、再次血运重建和支架血栓的情况,以评价糖尿病患者置入DES后的远期安全性和有效性。方法本研究于2003年7月～2005年12月连续入选了834例因冠心病合并糖尿病在首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院心内科行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)的患者,按置入支架类型将患者分为DES组(n=583)和BMS组(n=251)。主要终点事件为24个月时全因病死率;次要终点事件为24个月时非致死性MI、再次血运重建以及主要不良心血管事件(major adverse cardiac events,MACE)的发生率。结果本研究结果经多因素回归分析显示,DES组明显降低了24个月时死亡[3.2%vs 5.1%,危险比(hazard ratio,HR)0.34,95%可信区间(confidential interval,CI)0.12～0.94,P=0.038]和心性死亡的风险(2.2%vs 4.4%,HR=0.29,95%CI:0.13～0.87,P=0.027),非致死性MI和心性死亡与非致死性MI复合终点发生风险比较差异无统计学意义;明确和可能的支架血栓的发生风险比较差异也没有统计学意义(1.9%vs 2.0%,HR=0.96,95%CI:0.51～2.17,P=0.351)。DES明显降低了再次血运重建的风险(10.5%vs 20.7%,HR=0.24,95%CI:0.11～0.78,P<0.001)和靶血管再次血运重建的风险(8.9%vs 17.1%,HR=0.33,95%CI:0.16～0.87,P<0.001);与BMS组比较DES组的MACE的风险也明显降低,差异有统计学意义(15.8%vs 27.9%,HR=0.19,95%CI:0.09～0.85,P<0.001);其主要与DES组患者的死亡和靶血管再次血运重建的风险降低有关。结论与BMS相比,DES可显著降低糖尿病患者的24个月时死亡、再次血运重建和MACE的风险,而未增加非致死性MI和支架血栓的风险。置入DES后死亡风险的降低原因,主要与DES降低再狭窄后的死亡和MI风险,获得更高的完全血运重建率以及未增加支架血栓的风险相关。     

经皮冠状动脉内介入治疗慢性完全闭塞病变影响因素探讨

目的:探讨慢性完全闭塞性病变(CTO)经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗的影响因素.方法:回顾2000年4月至2006年6月东南大学附属中大医院行PCI治疗的CTO患者48例,CTO病变共51处,记录患者临床特征、靶病变特点和靶病变PCI操作结果,行logistic逐步回归分析,筛选PCI成功的预测因素.结果:48例患者中33例36处成功,15例15处失败,病例成功率68.8%,靶病变成功率70.6%.2000年4月至2003年5月10例患者10处病变4例4处成功,病例及病变成功率均为40.0%;2003年6月至2006年6月38例患者41处病变中29例32处成功,成功率分别为76.3%,78.0%.2003年6月之后病变成功率较之前明显提高(P＜0.05).经logistic逐步回归分析,介入操作成功的预测因素为桥侧支缺如(P=0.001)、病变闭塞持续时间≤3个月(P=0.005)、功能性闭塞(P=0.005)、病变近端呈鼠尾状(P=0.026).结论:CTO介入治疗操作成功率除与术者经验和新型介入器材应用有关外,与病变特点密切相关,而与临床特点关系较小.在病变特点中,桥侧支缺如、病变闭塞持续时间≤3个月、功能性闭塞、病变近端呈鼠尾状是CTO行PCI操作成功的预测因素.