蚕蚀性角膜溃疡角膜及邻近球结膜的组织病理和免疫组化研究

目的：研究蚕蚀性角膜溃疡角膜和邻近球结膜的组织病理和免疫病理变化,探讨巨噬细胞、Ｔ细胞、ＶＣＡＭ－１等与其发病的关系。方法：接受球结膜切除术及板层角膜移植术的１８进行性蚕蚀性角膜溃疡患者,取病变角膜及邻近球结膜作组织病理研究,并采用链酶生物系（ｌａｂｅｌｌｅｄ ｓｔｒｅｐｔａｖｉｄｉｎ ｂｉｏｔｉｎ,ＬＳＡＢ）方法作免疫组化研究。检测的抗体包括：ＣＤ６８、ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８、ＶＣＡＭ－１、ＣＤ     

Effect of FK506 eye-drop combined with keratoplasty on recurrent Mooren's ulcer

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of FK506 eye-drop combined with keratoplasty on recurrent Mooren's ulcer. METHODS: 9 cases (15 eyes) of recurrent Mooren's ulcer were treated with topical FK506 eye-drop combined with keratoplasty. Of the 15 eyes, two of Mooren's ulcer smaller than half circle of the limbus were treated with 0.1% FK506 eye-drop. Among the other 13 eyes of the ulcer larger than half the circle of the limbus, 12 eyes were treated with excision of conjunctiva combined with lamellar keratoplasty. One eye with a central corneal perforation was treated with penetrating keratoplasty. FK506 eye-drop 0.1% was given to the 13 operated eyes after the re-epithelialization of the cornea. The effect of FK506 on recurrent Mooren's ulcer was observed. Measurements of FK506 in surgically resected cornea and conjunctiva, and aqueous humor of the operated eyes were performed using enzyme immunoassay procedure. Twelve cases of recurrent Mooren's ulcer treated with lamellar keratoplasty combined with topical 0.1% dexamethasone eye-drop were taken as control. RESULTS: After application of 0.1% FK506 eye-drop, concentrations of 30 - 350 ng/g of FK506 were found in the cornea and conjunctiva, and no FK506 was measured in the aqueous humor. Nine cases (15 eyes) of recurrent Mooren's ulcer were all cured and no recurrence was observed during the follow-up time of 12 - 17 months. The vision of 5 eyes was improved more than 2 lines after the treatment. Seven eyes of Mooren's ulcer in the control group recurred. CONCLUSION: 0.1% FK506 eye-drop combined with keratoplasty is an effective treatment for recurrent Mooren's ulcer.     

Effect of Topical FK506 Used alone or Combined with Keratoplasty on Patients with Recurrent Mooren''''s Corneal Ulcer

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of topical 0.1% FK506 used alone or combined with keratoplasty on patients with recurrent Mooren's ulcer. METHODS: This is a retrospective interventional consecutive case series. Nine patients (15 eyes) with recurrent Mooren's ulcer were treated with topical 0.1% FK506 alone or combined with keratoplasty. Two eyes with ulcers involving less than half the corneal limbus were treated with topical 0.1% FK506. Of the other 13 eyes with ulcers involving more than half the limbus, twelve were treated with excision of the ulcer and adjacent conjunctiva combined with lamellar keratoplasty. One eye with a central impending corneal perforation was treated with penetrating keratoplasty. Topical 0.1% FK506 was given post-operatively to all thirteen eyes after re-epithelia-lisation of the cornea. FK506 levels in the surgically resected cornea and conjunctiva of the operated eyes were measured using enzyme immunoassay procedures. Twelve patients (17 eyes) with recurrent Mooren's ulcer treated with lamellar keratoplasty combined with topical 0.1% dexamethasone were taken as the control. The main measure of the outcome was the recurrence of Mooren's ulcer in the patients. RESULTS: Nine patients (15 eyes) with recurrent Mooren's ulcer were all successfully treated. Vision in 5 eyes improved by two lines or better after treatment. No recurrence was observed during the follow up period of 12 to 22 months. After topical application of 0.1% FK506, concentrations of 30 to approximately 350 ng/g of FK506 were found in the cornea and conjunctiva. Seven eyes of Mooren' s ulcer in the control group recurred during the follow up period. CONCLUSION: Topical 0.1% FK506 used alone or combined with keratoplasty is a safe and effective therapy for patients with recurrent Mooren's ulcer.     

Fresh Amniotic Membrane Transplantation Combined Lamellar Keratoplasty for Patients with Recurrent Mooren＇s Ulcer

Purpose: To investigate the possibility of amniotic membrane as an immunological insulating band to reduce the recurrent frequency of Mooren's ulcer.Methods: Twelve cases(12 eyes) with recurrent Mooren's Ulcer were observed. Among them, 4 cases(4 eyes)were male and 8 cases(8 eyes)female, ranging in age between 26 and 51 years [mean (41 ±3) years]. Three eyes recurred once, 5 eyes twice, and 4 eyes three before. Eleven of 12 cases (11/12 eyes) with frequently recurrent Mooren's ulcer underwent lamellar keratoplasty combined amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) . One patient who had entire corneal ulceration accepted AMT alone. Results: Follow-up time is 12 to 29 months, [mean (23 ±6)months]. Before AMT, the recurrent frequency of Mooren's Ulcer of all cases after corneal surgery was 1-7 months [ mean (3 ± 2) months ]. Nine of 12 eyes with lamellar keratoplasty combined AMT did not recur within the observation period; 2 eyes recurred 11 months after the surgery. Three months postoperatively, neovasc     

角膜清创联合结膜瓣遮盖术治疗真菌性角膜溃疡

目的：观察角膜清创联合结膜瓣遮盖术治疗真菌性角膜溃疡的临床疗效。 方法：对2011-01/11收治的30例30眼真菌性角膜溃疡患者行患眼角膜清创联合结膜瓣遮盖术治疗,术后继续药物治疗。 结果：17例17眼1次手术,结膜瓣遮盖良好,角膜溃疡治愈; 7例7眼1次手术,1wk内结膜瓣脱落或溶解,继续用药10d~2mo角膜溃疡治愈;2例2眼1次手术,1wk内结膜瓣脱落或溶解,经2次手术,结膜瓣遮盖良好,角膜溃疡治愈;4例4眼1次手术,1wk内结膜瓣脱落或溶解,治疗过程中角膜溃疡穿孔,而行角膜移植术。30例30眼通过结膜瓣遮盖总治愈26例26眼,治愈率87%。 结论：角膜清创联合结膜瓣遮盖术是一种治疗真菌性角膜溃疡的有效方法,适合基层医院,可以尽可能挽救眼球,保留残存视力,为进一步行角膜移植术提供条件。     

板层角膜移植联合羊膜层间植入治疗重症蚕蚀性角膜溃疡

目的探讨板层角膜移植联合保存人羊膜移植重建角膜基质和眼表结构,治疗重症蚕蚀性角膜溃疡的疗效和安全性。方法重症蚕蚀性角膜溃疡患者5例(5眼),具疼痛性、进行性角膜溶解的临床特征,常规治疗方法疗效差,病变区域累及角膜缘6～12个钟点(平均9个钟点)范围。手术前全身和局部应用皮质类固醇。切除角膜缘处5mm宽的结膜和筋膜组织暴露巩膜。仔细的清除溃疡的基底部和边缘部组织,在坏死组织的表面和新生血管区域行烧灼,单层羊膜覆盖在溃疡区域的表面,10-0尼龙线间断缝合固定。在角膜穿孔的部位,移植多层羊膜以修复角膜基质层。在深层溃疡区域,行板层角膜移植。术后,局部应用人工泪液、抗生素眼液和类固醇眼液。术后观察前房深度、再上皮化速度、炎症状况、角膜基质厚度稳定状况、溃疡复发情况和视力。术后7d每日行常规检查,以后每周复查1次。随访期4～15(平均8.6)月。结果 手术获得了良好的疗效。术后自觉症状消失,眼表炎症明显减退,角膜溃疡的表面上皮稳定愈合,新生血管减少,获得了平滑、湿润的眼表。板层角膜植片平复半透明。未见溃疡复发。术后视力无明显下降。无手术并发症发生。结论 角膜板层移植联合羊膜移植可用于治疗重症蚕蚀性角膜溃疡。     

Mooren's ulcer after penetrating keratoplasty

Seventeen months after penetrating keratoplasty for pseudophakic bullous keratopathy, a patient developed severe pain and a peripheral corneal ulcer that had the characteristic clinical appearance of a Mooren's ulcer. We performed a 10-mm penetrating keratoplasty that extended from the superior margin of the previously placed graft to the inferior corneoscleral limbus to encompass the ulcerated cornea. Histopathologic examination of tissue removed at surgery disclosed that the peripheral corneal ulcer extended nearly through the entire stromal thickness and that the donor corneal stroma adjacent to the ulcer was infiltrated with lymphocytes, plasma cells, and neutrophils. The conjunctiva adjacent to the peripheral corneal ulcer was packed with plasma cells and also showed some lymphocytes and neutrophils.     

板层角膜移植术治疗真菌性角膜溃疡疗效分析

目的探讨板层角膜移植术治疗中、浅层真菌性角膜溃疡的手术适应证及临床疗效。方法67例（67眼）真菌性角膜溃疡经抗真菌药物治疗效果不满意者行板层角膜移植术,术后观察复发情况、角膜植片透明度及免疫排斥反应。结果术后随访6个月至2年,其中66例（66眼）术后有效控制了感染,植片透明,无排斥反应,术后视力提高至0.3-0.6。1眼真菌感染复发。结论板层角膜移植可有效治疗中、浅层真菌性角膜溃疡。     

角膜溃疡清创术联合抗真菌药物治疗真菌性角膜炎

目的:总结角膜溃疡清创术联合抗真菌药物治疗真菌性角膜炎的效果。方法:收集2010-09/2011-09在我院就诊的真菌性角膜炎患者30例,对患者进行常规角膜刮片检查,并对全部患者施行角膜溃疡清创术,根据角膜炎的严重程度联合给予氟康唑或那他霉素眼水点眼治疗,清创术治疗无效者采用自体结膜覆盖术及板层角膜移植术治疗,随访观察治疗效果。结果:角膜刮片阳性结果 27例,阳性率90%,2例于外院行共聚焦显微镜检查菌丝阳性;1例为明确植物外伤史的8岁儿童,不能配合真菌检查。轻度角膜炎6例,施行角膜溃疡清创术联合氟康唑眼水点眼治疗全部痊愈,病程2～3wk;中度度角膜炎17例,行角膜溃疡清创术联合那他霉素眼水点眼治疗痊愈12例,病程4～8wk;重度角膜炎7例,行角膜溃疡清创术联合那他霉素眼水点眼治疗痊愈3例,病程8～10wk。角膜溃疡清创术联合抗真菌药物治疗真菌性角膜炎有效率70%。结论:角膜溃疡清创术联合抗真菌药物治疗真菌性角膜炎操作简单,是一种经济、有效、可行的治疗方式。     

不规则移植片板层角膜移植治疗蚕蚀性角膜溃疡

目的：探讨不规则移植片板层角膜移植联合术后1％环孢霉素A滴眼治疗蚕蚀性角膜溃疡的效果及对视力的影响。方法：应用不规则移植片板层角膜移植治疗蚕蚀性角膜溃疡9例10只眼,术中根据溃疡侵犯角膜的形态切除病变角膜组织及邻近的球结膜和筋膜组织,按照植床的形态制作之相吻合的板层移植片行板层角膜移植术术,术后应用1％环孢霉素A滴眼6－8个月,结果术后随访1－5年,未见复发病例,术后6个月,与术前视力比较,大部分病例视力不变或提高。结论：不规则移植片板层角膜移植术联合术后应用1％环孢霉素A滴眼治疗蚕蚀性角膜溃疡效果肯定,只要植片与植床吻合,疑线松紧适宜,不会导致明显和光而影响视力。     

部分板层角膜移植联合层间羊膜填垫术治疗穿孔性角膜溃疡

目的 探讨部分板层角膜移植联合层间羊膜填垫术治疗穿孔性角膜溃疡的治疗效果。方法 对28例28眼角膜溃疡并穿孔患者行角膜溃疡板层切除联合层间羊膜填垫术。术后随访6～12个月。结果 28例术后植片植床透明，羊膜平整，前房形成，上皮完整。1例轻度双前房，术后第2d消失。无排斥反应及继发感染等并发症，视力27眼提高，1眼下降。结论 部分板层角膜移植联合层间羊膜填垫术后并发症较少，视力恢复好，是治疗角膜溃疡穿孔的较好方法。     

带环形巩膜瓣及角膜缘的全角膜板层移植术治疗蚕蚀性角膜溃疡

目的观察带环形巩膜瓣及角膜缘的全角膜板层移植术治疗蚕蚀性角膜溃疡的临床效果.方法取带宽6mm球结膜和4mm板层巩膜的全角膜板层植片,治疗4例(4只眼)蚕蚀性角膜溃疡.结果 4例蚕蚀性角膜溃疡患者均Ⅰ期愈合,视力提高;随访1～3年,视力为0.2～0.6,无明显基质型排斥反应,也无复发;角膜表面稳定,无上皮糜烂现象,无假性翼状胬肉发生;层间新生血管部分萎缩,2例表层出现不同程度的新生血管.结论带环形巩膜瓣及角膜缘的全角膜板层移植术是治疗蚕蚀性角膜溃疡的有效手段.     

Corneal perforation in Mooren's ulcer — immunological and clinical follow-up

A case of corneal perforation in a patient found to have Mooren's ulcer is presented. The patient was followed up for 1 year both before and after perforation. No evidence of accompanying systemic disease was found. The ulcer healed after excision of the limbal conjunctiva. The subepithelial layer of the conjunctiva was packed with plasma cells. Both IgG and IgM were found in the epithelium as well as along the small vessels. The T-lymphocyte subpopulation was examined three times during the course of the disease; an inverse ratio was always found between the helper and suppressor/cytotoxic T cells.     

板层角膜移植治疗绿脓杆菌性角膜溃疡的临床价值

目的探讨绿脓杆菌性角膜溃疡的病理机制及安全有效的治疗方法。方法应用板层角膜移植术治疗即将穿孔的绿脓杆菌性角膜溃疡，并对病变组织做病理活检。结果２１例（２１只眼）均获得一次手术便可有效控制角膜炎症、成功恢复角膜外形及保留较好视力的理想效果。组织病理学显示，该病除有严重的炎症坏死性改变外，角膜缘球结膜与巩膜、角膜溃疡周围及溃疡底部均有大量淋巴细胞浸润、角膜胶原变性水肿及新生血管伸入。结论绿脓杆菌性角膜溃疡可能存在炎症反应与变态反应共同参与的病理机制，板层角膜移植术能有效阻断上述机制而获理想临床效果。     

不同受者同期分别接受同者的角膜移植五例

目的 为提高角膜材料的利用率,探讨将同一噶供者的二个角膜同期移植给不同受者的可行性及手术方法.方法 供者的其中一个角膜材料分别为1例角结膜恶性黑色素瘤,1例蚕蚀性角膜溃疡伴穿孔行前部分板层角膜移植术,并对1例大泡性角膜病变行深板层角膜内皮移植术.另一个角膜材料分别为眼烧伤后重度睑球粘连行全板层角膜移植和1例大泡性角膜病变行深板层角膜内皮移植术.结果 5例角膜病患者手术均获得成功,其中2例大泡性角膜病变患者术后1个月,角膜上皮水泡消失,角膜水肿减轻,内皮植片透明.1例角结膜恶性黑色素瘤患者,视力术前0.3提高至术后0.6,植片透明,角膜植床及结膜无色素残留.1例蚕蚀性角膜伴穿孔经羊膜移植联合部分板层角膜移植治愈.1例眼烧伤睑球粘连患者,术后1个月,睑球粘连完全解除,植片透明,视力由术前0.1提高到0.3.结论 将同一供者的角膜分别移植给不同受者,能充分利用供者角膜材料,方法可行,效果良好.     

Suspension made with amniotic membrane: clinical trial

PURPOSE: To investigate if a suspension made with amniotic membrane could have a beneficial effect on ocular surface diseases. METHODS: In the Imola branch of the Eye Bank of Emilia Romagna, the authors prepared a suspension containing homogenized amniotic membrane previously conserved at -80 degrees Celsius. Subsequently, the authors gave this preparation to 21 patients: 8 had undergone lamellar keratoplasty, 4 had undergone penetrating keratoplasty, 2 had undergone photorefractive keratectomy with a delay of epithelialization, 3 had neurotrophic corneal ulcers, 2 had corneal burning, 1 had torpid corneal ulcer, and 1 had Sjogren syndrome. Each patient had been treated with conventional therapy for at least, 4 months without any clinical improvement. In this sample of eyes the authors evaluated the transparency and integrity of epithelium before and after the therapy by means of a fluorescein staining test, examining the area of epithelial defect as well as the phlogistic situation and the symptoms referred by patients. Nine eyes from this group of patients were studied by impression cytology before and after 3 months of use of suspension. The follow-up was 5 months of once-weekly visits. RESULTS: In all patients, after 15 to 30 days the corneas became negative to fluorescein staining test and the epithelium seemed more complete and regular, there was an evident decrease of phlogistic situation in the conjunctiva, and an improvement of symptoms was referred by patients. The situation was stable during the whole follow-up. No side effects were noted. The impression cytology repeated 3 months after the treatment showed a significant corneal recovery of the cytologic situation with an important decrease of CK19+ cells on the corneal surface. CONCLUSIONS: This new therapy, which is less traumatic than an implant of amniotic membrane, is safe, and can be repeated for a long period, could help patients with corneal superficial defects.     

湟鱼角膜移植治疗单疱病毒性角膜溃疡临床研究

目的:探讨湟鱼角膜板层移植联合术后10g/L环孢霉素A滴眼治疗单疱病毒性角膜溃疡的效果及对视力的影响。方法:采用湟鱼角膜板层移植治疗单疱角膜溃疡46例57眼。术中切除病变的角膜组织,根据植床的形态制作相应的板层移植片。术后应用10g/L环孢霉素A眼液滴眼3～6mo。结果:术后随访10～13a未见复发病例。术后1a与术前视力比较,大部分病例视力提高。结论:异种异体板层角膜移植术治疗单疱角膜溃疡术后应用10g/L环孢霉素A滴眼液远期效果肯定。溃疡面充分愈合,移植片透明,不影响视力。     

Keratoepithelioplasty in rat: development of a model and histological study.

A model for keratoepithelioplasty (KEP) was developed using the Lewis rat, and histological studies were performed using this model. The entire corneal epithelium was removed mechanically and a 1.5-mm width of the conjunctiva including the limbus was excised. An oval corneal lamellar graft (3 x 1.5 mm) with an intact epithelium taken from another Lewis rat was transplanted on the denuded limbus. Biomicroscopic observations showed much less vascular invasion in the part of the cornea adjacent to the lenticule than in other parts of the cornea, and the cornea remained clear adjacent to the lenticule. Histologically, a few vessels were observed in the corneal stroma under the lenticule. Epithelial cells on the lenticule specimens showed histological characteristics of the corneal epithelium. These findings indicate that one of the functions of KEP is to block neovascularization in the newly developing corneal epithelium by transplanting the lenticule between the corneal epithelium and conjunctival vessels. The present study also confirmed that this model is useful in the research of the pathophysiological mechanism of KEP.     

Ultrastructural changes in the cornea and conjunctiva of a heterozygous woman with Fabry's disease

Heterozygous females with Fabry's disease show a typical whorled pattern in the corneal epithelium. The patient presented in this paper also had symptoms of polymyositis, necrotizing vasculitis and angiokeratomas. The diagnosis was made from the corneal changes. Electron microscopy revealed intracytoplasmic electron-dense deposits made up of lamellar stacks of uniform periodicity similar to myelin. These were present not only in the corneal epithelium but also in the epithelium, goblet cells, endothelium and mural cells of blood vessels in the conjunctiva. The material in the goblet cells may account for the known presence of ceramide trihexoside in the tears.     

Histological study of a model of keratoepithelioplasty in the rat]

A model for keratoepithelioplasty (KEP) was developed using the Lewis rat, and histological studies were performed using the model. The entire corneal epithelium was removed using a spatula and a 1.5-mm-width of the conjunctiva including the limbus was excised. An oval corneal lamellar graft (3 x 1.5 mm) with an intact epithelium taken from another Lewis rat was transplanted on the denuded limbus. Biomicroscopic observation showed significantly less vascular invasion in the part of the cornea adjacent to the lenticule than in other part of cornea, and clear cornea was maintained in the cornea adjacent to the lenticule. Histologically only few vessels were recognized in the lenticule, and the epithelial cells on the lenticule showed histological characteristics of corneal epithelium. These results indicate that surgical function of KEP can be obtained because the lenticules keep distance between corneal epithelium and conjunctival vessels. And it is also confirmed that this model is useful in research on the pathophysiological mechanism of KEP.