TNFR1在子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病表达的研究

目的:探讨肿瘤坏死因子受体1(TNFR1)在子宫内膜异位症(内异症)和子宫腺肌病(腺肌病)的表达及在其发病机制中的作用。方法:采用免疫组化SABC法检测33例内异位症患者(内异症组)和40例腺肌病患者(腺肌病组)在位及异位子宫内膜TNFR1的表达,并与20例非内异症(对照组)在位内膜进行比较。结果:内异症组和腺肌病组异位内膜TNFR1的表达水平显著低于其在位内膜和对照组(P<0.05);TNFR1在内异症Ⅰ-Ⅱ期和Ⅲ-Ⅳ期间无显著差异(P>0.05),与内异症r-AFS临床分期亦无直线相关关系(P>0.05);TNFR1在分泌期的表达为内异症、腺肌病异位内膜<其在位内膜<对照组内膜(P<0.05)。结论:异位内膜TNFR1的低表达可能在内异症和腺肌病的发生中起重要作用。TNFR1与内异症严重程度无关。     

子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病与复发性流产

子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病是妇科常见疾病。越来越多的证据表明,这两种疾病对生殖功能有重要影响。临床可表现为不孕不育和流产等,尤其是早期流产。子宫内膜异位症引起流产的原因主要有疾病导致的内分泌功能异常、子宫内膜容受性降低和免疫因素等。子宫腺肌病导致流产的机制主要是子宫螺旋动脉重塑受损和子宫结合带结构功能异常。临床应注重自然流产患者子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病的有关筛查与诊断,并在下次妊娠前给予积极的治疗。     

子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病与复发性流产

子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病是妇科常见疾病。越来越多的证据表明,这两种疾病对生殖功能有重要影响。临床可表现为不孕不育和流产等,尤其是早期流产。子宫内膜异位症引起流产的原因主要有疾病导致的内分泌功能异常、子宫内膜容受性降低和免疫因素等。子宫腺肌病导致流产的机制主要是子宫螺旋动脉重塑受损和子宫结合带结构功能异常。临床应注重自然流产患者子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病的有关筛查与诊断,并在下次妊娠前给予积极的治疗。     

子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病对生育功能的影响

子宫内膜异位症及子宫腺肌病是常见的妇科疾病之一,近年来发病率明显增高,由于子宫内膜异位症及子宫腺肌病患者盆腔结构改变,卵巢子宫内膜功能及免疫功能异常等,常合并不孕、流产,严重影响了妇女的生育功能。     

Ang-2、VEGF在卵巢子宫内膜异位症中表达及相关性研究

目的:目的:探讨促血管生成素2(Ang-2)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)与血管生成的关系,及其在卵巢子宫内膜异位症(EMT)中表达的意义.方法:应用ElivisionTm plus免疫组化方法及体视学方法定量检测30例EMT患者的异位和在位内膜组织中Ang-2、VEGF和微血管密度(MVD)的表达,30例非EMT患者子宫内膜(卵巢囊性畸胎瘤)做为对照组.结果:Ang-2在EMT异位内膜组、在位内膜组和对照组中的平均光密度值分别为0.28±0.13、0.16±0.05及0.13±0.04,组间比较,差异均有高度统计学意义或统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05);VEGF的平均光密度值分别为0.32±0.08、0.47±0.12及0.39 4-0.14,组间比较,差异均有高度统计学意义或统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05);MVD的表达分别为41.58±14.72、31.30±19.89及20.70±16.17,组间比较差异具有高度统计学意义(P<0.01).Ang-2与VEGF以及Ang-2与MVD在EMT组中的表达呈明显正相关,而与对照组无明显相关性;VEGF与MVD在各组中表达均呈正相关.结论:Ang-2、VEGF过度表达可能与EMT的发生、发展密切相关.     

有生育要求子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病复发患者的处理

子宫内膜异位症（内异症）、子宫腺肌病共同特点是治疗后易复发,且与不孕不育密切相关,对于有生育要求的复发患者处理相对棘手,但首要问题仍是解决生育问题,需要普通妇科医师和生殖内分泌科医师通力合作,综合评估患者的生育能力和内异症严重程度,制定出个体化的治疗方案。     

子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病的诊断与分型

子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病是子宫内膜生长在子宫腔以外形成病灶、引起症状和体征的一类疾病。痛经、不孕、性交痛、盆腔包块、子宫直肠窝触痛结节是其主要表现。超声和MRI对子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病的诊断非常有帮助,腹腔镜应作为主要手术治疗手段。到目前为止,还没有对子宫内膜异位症提出统一的分类标准。     

子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病与妊娠结局

子宫内膜异位症（内异症）和子宫腺肌病是生育年龄女性的常见病,也是引起女性不孕的常见原因。由于内异症病灶的侵袭性,妊娠期可引发一系列妊娠并发症。内异症相关不孕患者是接受辅助生育技术的一个群体,对于如何改善内异症和子宫腺肌病患者的妊娠结局,在近十余年来的研究中取得了不少令人瞩目的结果。     

乙酰肝素酶mRNA在子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病中表达的研究

目的:检测子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病在位及异位子宫内膜组织中乙酰肝素酶(heparanase,Hpa)mRNA的表达,探讨Hpa在子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病发生发展中的作用及意义。方法:采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术检测50例子宫内膜异位症患者和42例子宫腺肌病患者的异位及在位内膜中Hpa mRNA的表达,并与30例妇女的正常子宫内膜进行比较。结果:(1)子宫内膜异位症组和子宫腺肌病组患者的异位及在位内膜中Hpa mRNA表达差异无显著性(P>0.05)。对照组正常子宫内膜中Hpa mRNA表达明显低于两组患者异位及在位内膜的阳性表达率(P<0.05);(2)Ⅰ~Ⅱ期子宫内膜异位症的异位及在位内膜中Hpa mRNA表达明显低于Ⅲ~Ⅳ期的异位与在位内膜表达(P<0.05)。结论:(1)Hpa与子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病发病有关;(2)Hpa与子宫内膜异位症病情进展有关,是促进子宫内膜异位症病情进展的一个因素。     

腹腔局部细胞因子在子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病玫不孕中的作用

目的:通过测定子宫内膜异位症(EMT)和子宫腺肌病在不孕症患者腹腔液中细胞因子的含量,探讨腹腔局部细胞因子在EMT和子宫腺肌病相关不孕发病中的作用.方法:选取2008年1月至2009年12月疑似EMT和子宫腺肌病合并不孕行腹腔镜手术者86例,采用Luminex液相蛋白芯片技术,检测所有研究者腹腔液干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及白细胞介素(IL)-6、10、17的含量,并分析细胞因子含量与EMT分期的关系.结果:按手术与病理结果最终纳入病例共57例,分为4组:Ⅰ～Ⅱ期EMT 13例(EMT轻度组)、Ⅲ～Ⅳ期EMT 14例(EMT重度组)、子宫腺肌病13例(子宫腺肌病组)、EMT与子宫腺肌病并存17例(并存组).正常盆腔26例(对照组).除IFN-γ外,TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10、IL-17、VEGF 5种细胞因子在5组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).5种细胞因子在组间两两比较:①EMT轻度组及重度组均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),而EMT轻、重度组之间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);②子宫腺肌病组5种因子均与对照组相似(P＞0.05),TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17 3种因子低于EMT轻度组及重度组(P＜0.05),VEGF低于重度组(P＜0.05);③并存组细胞因子含量明显高于子宫腺肌病组和对照组(P＜0.05),而与EMT轻、重度组分别比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:EMT患者盆腔局部细胞因子的异常产生导致盆腔内环境的改变可能干扰正常生殖过程.子宫腺肌病不孕的原因可能有别于EMT,与盆腔局部内环境细胞因子无关.     

Bladder endometriosis must be considered as bladder adenomyosis

Objective: To present data from a series of 17 cases of bladder endometriosis.

Design: Clinical study.

Setting: A university hospital department of gynecology.

Patient(s): Seventeen patients complaining of menstrual urinary symptoms and/or pelvic pain.

Intervention(s): Diagnosis and resection of a bladder adenomyotic nodule.

Main Outcome Measure(s): Histologic analysis and postsurgical outcome.

Result(s): Seventy-six percent of the patients reported menstrual mictalgia and pollakiuria, and 88% reported dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia. Cystoscopy, intravenous pyelography, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a nodular mass in the anterior fornix adjacent to the uterine wall, developed in the vesical muscularis and involving the vesical mucosa in all cases but one. The bladder nodule was associated with a rectovaginal nodule in six cases (35%). Because recurrence was noted soon after cessation of medical therapy, surgical excision was proposed. The vesical mucosa was found to be intact in almost all cases, so extramucosal laparoscopic excision was the method of choice. Histologic examination proved that 90% of the nodule consisted of smooth muscle hyperplasia.

Conclusion(s): So-called bladder endometriosis is actually an adenomyotic nodule of the bladder which, from a histologic point of view, is similar to a rectovaginal adenomyotic nodule and frequently (35%) associated with it.     

阴道超声对诊断治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿及子宫腺肌病的价值

目的探讨阴道超声及血清CA125测定对诊断治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿及子宫腺肌病的价值。方法对卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿及子宫腺肌病患者631例进行回顾性分析，术前均经阴道超声检查，部分患者进行了血清CA125测定。结果阴道超声检查卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿符合率98．7％；子宫腺肌病符合率91．7％；卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿合并子宫腺肌病符合率95．1％。血清CA125检查卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿，阳性率39．4％；子宫腺肌病阳性率52．2％；卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿合并子宫腺肌病阳性率59．2％。结论阴道超声可做为较准确诊断卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿及子宫腺肌病的首选方法。阴道超声下囊肿穿刺是治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的简便、有效的方法之一。血清CA125测定可做为卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿及子宫腺肌病的协助诊断方法，应进一步完善对照组的研究。     

Fetoplacental regional variations in the expression of angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2, and Tie2 in normal-term and near-term pregnancies

Background: Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1), angiopoietin-2 (Ang2), and the receptor tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains 2 (Tie2) are known to be involved in fetoplacental angiogenesis adequacy, which is a primary determinant of fetal growth. Regional variations in Ang1, Ang2, and Tie2 remain unknown, although fetoplacental vascularity and gene expressions differ between the placental center and the periphery.

Objective: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that there are regional variations in the expression of these angiopoietins in human placentas from uncomplicated term and near term pregnancies.

Study design: In this prospective study, central and peripheral samples were collected from fresh placentas from normal-term and near-term pregnancies delivered by Cesarean section (n?=?7, 36–41 week gestation) prior to the onset of labor. Regional differences in Ang1, Ang2, and Tie2 protein expressions were measured by Western blot and densitometric analyses with b-actin normalization, and their fetoplacental regional localization assessed by immunohistochemistry. The Ang1 and Ang2 ratios at central and peripheral sites were determined. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test.

Results: Ang1 protein expression was higher in the placental periphery than in the center (2.48?±?0.42 versus 1.74?±?0.27, p?=?0.01). In contrast, Ang2 protein expression was greater in the placental center than in the periphery (10.10?±?1.82 versus 7.15?±?1.12, respectively, p?=?0.03). The Ang1–Ang2 ratio reflected these differential expressions. Tie2 protein expression was higher in the placental periphery than in the center (0.21?±?0.02 versus 0.16?±?0.02, p?=?0.003). The immunoreactivity of Ang1 and Tie2 was stronger in the periphery than in the center, and that of Ang2 was stronger in the center than in the periphery.

Conclusions: Ang1, Ang2, and Tie2 are differentially expressed in placental center and periphery. Ang1/Ang2 ratio reflects this regional variation in the angiogenic balance that has implications for fetoplacental villous angiogenesis. The results also demonstrate the importance of considering the location of placental sampling sites for any future investigations of fetoplacental villous angiogenesis.     

生存素在子宫腺肌病异位病灶中的表达及其意义

目的了解凋亡抑制蛋白生存素（Survivin）在子宫腺肌病患者病灶、在位内膜中的表达情况。方法采用免疫组化抗生物素蛋白一过氧化物酶染色法（SP法）检测子宫腺肌病患者（22例）异位病灶、在位内膜及对照组（30例子宫肌瘤）子宫内膜标本中生存素的表达并比较。结果生存素在研究组异位病灶中广泛表达，表达的强度显著高于其在位内膜和对照组子宫内膜，增殖期高于分泌期；研究组在位内膜的生存素表达也高于对照组内膜；无论是研究组在位内膜还是对照组子宫内膜中生存素的表达均不随月经周期变化。结论生存素的过度表达可能参与了子宫腺肌病的发生与发展过程。     

Endometrial aromatase mRNA as a possible screening tool for advanced endometriosis and adenomyosis

Endometriosis (ENDs) and adenomyosis (ADNs) are estrogen-dependent diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical usefulness of examining endometrial biopsy specimens for aromatase cytochrome P450 (CYP19) as a diagnostic importance for endometriosis and adenomyosis. In general, the RT-PCR analyses of 101 samples revealed increased aromatase mRNA expression in eutopic endometrium in women with endometriosis and adenomyosis compared to healthy controls (p?=?0.0002). The highest number of positive cases (93.3%) of CYP19 mRNA expression was detected in women with advanced disease stages. Concrete expression of CYP19 mRNA level in controls was 0.68 compared to patients with ADNs (1.21), ENDsL stage I-II (1.15) and ENDsA stage III-IV (1.65) (p?<?0.0001), respectively. The possible influence of increased body mass index on aromatase expression in each group showed in controls an insignificant slight increase of aromatase expression, contrary to cases where this trend was the opposite. The results point to the higher (2.45-fold) difference in aromatase expression in patients with endometriosis stage III-IV compared to controls and provide direct evidence that screening for eutopic endometrial aromatase expression in combination with clinical data could be of discriminative value in the prediction of estrogen-dependent diseases, independent from body mass index.     

乙酰肝素酶和促血管生成素2与子宫内膜异位症发病的关系

目的探讨乙酰肝素酶（Hpa）和促血管生成素2（Ang-2）基因在子宫内膜异位症（内异症）发生、发展中的作用.方法采用逆转录PCR（RT-PCR）技术,检测86例内异症患者（内异症组,其中Ⅰ～Ⅱ期内异症患者25例,Ⅲ～Ⅳ期内异症患者61例）的异位和在位内膜组织及30例非内异症患者（对照组）的子宫内膜组织中Hpa mRNA和Ang-2 mRNA表达.结果（1）内异症组异位和在位内膜组织中,Hpa mRNA阳性表达率分别为62%（53/86）和55%（47/86）,两者比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;对照组内膜组织中Hpa mRNA阳性表达率为27%（8/30）,明显低于内异症组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.（2）内异症组异位和在位内膜组织中Ang-2 mRNA的阳性表达率分别为71%（61/86）和65%（56/86）,两者比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;对照组内膜组织中Ang-2 mRNA的阳性表达率为33%（10/30）,明显低于内异症组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.（3）Ⅰ～Ⅱ期内异症患者的异位及在位内膜组织中Hpa mRNA阳性表达率分别为44%（11/25）和32%（8/25）,明显低于Ⅲ～Ⅳ期内异症患者异位与在位内膜组织的阳性表达率[69%（42/61）和64%（39/61）],两者比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.（4）Ⅰ～Ⅱ期内异症患者的异位及在位内膜组织中Ang-2 mRNA阳性表达率分别为60%（15/25）和64%（16/25）;Ⅲ～Ⅳ期患者异位与在位内膜组织的阳性表达率分别为75%（46/61）和66%（40/61）,不同期别内异症患者异位及在位内膜Ang-2 mRNA阳性表达率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.（5）内异症组的异位内膜组织中Hpa mRNA与Ang-2 mRNA的表达呈显著正相关（P＜0.05）.结论内异症患者异位和在位内膜组织中Hpa mRNA和Ang-2 mRNA均呈高表达,且二者呈正相关关系;推测Hpa和Ang-2可能与内异症的发生和发展有密切关系.     

Expression of heparanase and angiopoietin-2 in patients with endometriosis

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to investigate the expression of heparanase (Hpa) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) in endometriosis. STUDY DESIGN: In ectopic and eutopic endometrium of patients undergoing laparoscopy for endometriosis (n=86) and in normal endometrium of patients undergoing laparoscopic tubal ligation or hysteroscopic resection because of uterus septus (n=30), we determined Hpa and Ang-2 gene expression by RT-PCR. To support the mRNA data, the expression of Hpa and Ang-2 protein was measured by Western blot analysis. Finally, Hpa and Ang-2 in these tissues was localized by immunohistochemical staining. RESULT(S): The positive rate of Hpa and Ang-2 mRNA in ectopic and eutopic endometrium in the study group was significantly higher than that in normal endometrium in the control group. In the study group, ectopic and eutopic endometrium expressed a higher positive rate of Hpa and Ang-2 protein, whereas in the control group, normal endometrium expressed a lower positive rate of Hpa and Ang-2 protein. In eutopic and ectopic endometrium, there was balanced expression between Hpa and Ang-2. Both Hpa and Ang-2 showed a balanced expression between eutopic and ectopic endometrium. In ectopic endometrium, strong staining for Hpa and Ang-2 was observed both in epithelial cells and in stromal cells, but in eutopic endometrium, Hpa and Ang-2 were mainly expressed in epithelial cells. CONCLUSION: The higher expression of Hpa and Ang-2 in ectopic and eutopic endometrium may play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of endometriosis.     

类固醇生成因子1在卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿及子宫腺肌病病灶中的表达

目的 探讨类固醇生成因子1( SF-1)在子宫内膜异位症(内异症)患者在位内膜、卵巢内异症囊肿、子宫腺肌病病灶中的表达.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月在北京大学第一医院妇科住院,因子宫腺肌病合并卵巢内异症囊肿行子宫全切除术及卵巢内异症囊肿剥除术或附件切除术的患者共30例,经病理确诊子宫腺肌病合并内异症囊肿共17例作为观察组;同期因宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)Ⅲ行子宫全切除术的患者10例作为对照组.将观察组患者的在位内膜、卵巢内异症囊肿病灶、子宫腺肌病病灶和对照组的子宫内膜组织进行石蜡切片,免疫组化Envision二步法检测SF-1蛋白的表达.结果 两组患者在位内膜的腺体和间质细胞中均无SF-1蛋白表达;观察组卵巢内异症囊肿病灶的间质细胞核SF-1蛋白的阳性表达率为14/17,SF-1蛋白在卵巢内异症病灶的腺体细胞及子宫腺肌病病灶中均无表达.结论 卵巢内异症囊肿与子宫腺肌病病灶中SF-1蛋白表达的差异可能在疾病的发生与发展中具有重要意义.