Metabolic effects of trekrezan during adaptation of rats to intermittent hypoxic hypoxia

The animals were adapted to intermittent hypoxic hypoxia in a flow pressure chamber for 3 days. Each one-day training session consisted of 4 elevations to an altitude of 6000 m for 20 min (15 m/sec, 20-min intervals between assents). Trekrezan (25 mg/kg intraperitoneally) was injected immediately after the end of daily training over 3 days. We showed that trekrezan increased the degree of adaptive metabolic changes in the brain, heart, and liver of rats during adaptation to hypoxic hypoxia. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 145, No. 1, pp. 53–56, January, 2008     

Effect of trekrezan on immunogenesis under experimental conditions

We studied the dynamics of immune reactions to trekrezan in mouse pups after vaccination of adult mice during pregnancy and mouse pups at different terms after birth withSalmonella typhimurium 34–96. The preparation modulated activity of the immune system and stimulated antibody production in the pre- and postnatal period. Translated fromByulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 138, No. 8, pp. 196–197, August, 2004     

Antiinflammatory effect of russian-made budesonide in experimental noninfectious pulmonary granulomatosis

We studied the antiinflammatory effect of a Russian-made glucocorticoid budesonide administered by inhalation and intraperitoneal injection to rats with experimental noninfectious pulmonary granulomatosis. The antiinflammatory effects of budesonide at both administration routes were similar. Intraperitoneal injection, in contrast to inhalation, produced a systemic effect manifested in suppression of hyperplasia of non-encapsulated lymphoid formations in the mucosa.     

Cardiopathy modeling in rats

Stages of reproduction of a polyetiological model of coronary failure in rats are described. The model is based on the development of electrolyte steroid cardiopathy. Morphological studies confirmed the presence of degenerative changes in rat myocardium and coronary vessels. The model is intended for studies of the development and remission of cardiac diseases.     

大鼠实验性胃溃疡期间海马肠三叶因子的变化

目的:探讨大鼠实验性胃溃疡自愈期间肠三叶因子(intestinal trefoil factor,ITF)在海马的表达及其与实验性胃溃疡愈合的关系。方法:以免疫组织化学染色和RT-PCR法分别检测溃疡组(n=42)和正常组(n=6)大鼠海马ITF蛋白的表达和mRNA的转录及变化。结果:ITF免疫反应阳性物质主要位于海马的锥体细胞和颗粒细胞的胞浆内,海马内部分神经纤维也显示阳性。与正常组比较,溃疡1 d海马ITF平均灰度值略降低(P>0.05),溃疡后2、4、6 d逐渐降低,6 d达低谷(P<0.01),10、14、23 d均维持在较低水平(P<0.05)。RT-PCR显示海马ITF mRNA转录水平在溃疡1 d开始增高(P>0.05),溃疡后6 d最高,10、14 d略有下降,但仍高于正常组(P<0.01或P<0.05),23 d和1 d水平接近。结论:实验性胃溃疡大鼠海马可能通过ITF的高表达参与实验性溃疡愈合的神经内分泌调节。     

Experimental model of acute ischemia of the retina in rats

We studied the development of retinal ischemia in rat eye after laser coagulation of blood vessels. Typical signs of ischemia manifested in the retina after 24 h: development of stable retinal edema, decrease in the b/a index (ratio of the electroretinogram b and awave amplitudes) to 1–2 units, pronounced disorders in the retinal microcirculation system, leading to ischemia of the inner layers of the retina. The proposed model is convenient for studies of the development of acute retinal ischemia, is easily realized, and reproduces some acute ischemic diseases of the retina. __________ Translated from Byulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 145, No. 6, pp. 634–637, June, 2008     

Exacerbation of protracted-relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in DA rats by gluten-free diet

The observation of neurological dysfunctions resembling multiple sclerosis (MS) seen clinically and/or by MRI in patients with celiac disease has focused attention on the possibility that cryptic gluten sensitivity may be involved in the pathogenesis of MS. Here we study the effects of a gluten-free diet on the course of protracted-relapsing EAE in DA rats, serving as a preclinical model of human MS. The data show not only that this nutritional approach failed to ameliorate development of the disease but rather that it exacerbated the course.     

ASS对实验性Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素和C肽分泌作用研究

目的 研究刺五加叶皂甙（ASS）对实验性Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素和C肽分泌作用影响。方法 应用放射免疫学方法对正常组和Ⅱ型糖尿病模型组大鼠（尾静脉注射链尿佐菌素25mg/kg加高脂，高热、高能量喂养）。在给予ASS后其空腹及口服葡萄糖后血浆中胰岛素和C肽变化测定。结果 ASS可增强Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素和C肽分泌，对正常大鼠无影响。结论 ASS可以促进Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素和C肽分泌。     

Identification of genomic regions controlling experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis in rats

The present study attempts to identify specific genetic locicontributing to experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU)susceptibility in F₂ progeny of resistant Fischer (F344/N) andsusceptible Lewis (LEW/N) inbred rats. F₂ progeny of F344/Nx LEW/N inbred rats were immunized with the R16 peptide of interphotoreceptorretinoid-binding protein (IRBP). A genome-wide scan was conductedusing 125 simple sequence length polymorphism markers in selectedF₂ animals that developed severe eye disease or remained unaffectedto identify phenotype:genotype co-segregation. The F₂ population(n = 1287) demonstrated a wide range of histologically assessedEAU scores (assessed on a scale of 0–4). The disease incidenceand severity were not consistent with a simple Mendelian inheritancemodel. Of the F₂ hybrid rats, 60% developed EAU, implying theexistence of a potent susceptibility locus with incomplete penetranceassociated with the LEW genome or a more complex polygenic modelof inheritance. Two genomic regions, on chromosomes 4 and 12,showed strong genetic linkage to the EAU phenotype (P < 0.0016),suggesting the presence of susceptibility loci in these chromosomalregions. In conclusion, we have identified two genomic candidateintervals from D4Arb8 to D4Mit17 on chromosome 4 and from thechromosome end to D12Arb8 on chromosome 12, that appear to influenceEAU susceptibility in LEW/F344 rats. Further analysis of thesegenomic regions may lead to identification of the susceptibilitygenes and to characterization of their function.     

肝毒清颗粒对大鼠实验性肝纤维化的防治作用

目的 :观察肝毒清颗粒的抗纤维化作用。方法 :将Wistar雄性大鼠随机分成 6组 ,即正常对照组、模型组、肝毒清大、中、小剂量组和乙肝宁阳性组 ,采用四氯化碳诱导肝纤维化模型。于造模第 2个月始给予治疗药物。实验持续 3月后将大鼠处死取血作肝功检查及取肝组织做病理检查。结果 :肝毒清能降低AST ,升高TP、ALB ,与模型组比较 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;减轻肝脂肪变性、减少纤维组织增生、促进肝细胞再生。结论 :肝毒清对大鼠肝纤维化有明显防治作用     

实验性变态反应性脑脊髓炎大鼠模型的复制

目的：观察不同的遗传背景（远交系和近交系）和饲养环境对Wistar大鼠实验性变态反应性脑脊髓炎（EAE）发病率的影响，摸索EAE模型制作的实验方法与技术。方法： 采用动物行为学、常规HE和LFB染色方法，观察不同的遗传背景和饲养环境下豚鼠全脊髓匀浆诱导大鼠EAE的发病情况与中枢神经系统（CNS）的病理变化。结果： （1）动物行为学的改变：各组大鼠EAE发病率、潜伏期和症状评分无显著差异，但近交系组发病大鼠可出现四肢瘫痪。（2）病理学改变：每组发病大鼠CNS内可见不同程度的炎性细胞浸润；髓鞘染色可见广泛的神经髓鞘变性、脱失；而其中近交系组的5只EAE大鼠髓鞘脱失部位大多局限在炎症改变明显的血管套周围的白质区。结论： 远交系与近交系，或清洁级与普通级的Wistar大鼠的EAE的发病率无明显差异，而远交系与近交系的不同遗传背景可能会影响大鼠EAE的体征和病理表现。     

Leptin RIA在大鼠脓毒败血症模型中的应用

目的:研究脓毒败血症对外周血瘦素(Leptin)表达水平的影响,探讨Leptin在急性创伤炎症反应中的作用.方法:建立大鼠盲肠结扎穿孔模型,设立假手术组、单纯损伤组和脂肪乳、雌二醇、胰岛素组等干预能量代谢和神经-内分泌功能的实验组,每组10只,并采用自建的高灵敏大鼠Leptin RIA测量损伤后12h血清Leptin浓度的变化.结果:所用Leptin RIA标准曲线形态良好,可获得各实验组血清Leptin浓度.与伤后假手术组血清Leptin水平相比,其他四组与之无显著差异,脂肪乳组有升高的趋势,而其他三组均为降低的趋势.另外,脂肪乳组显著高于单纯损伤组和雌二醇组.结论:脓毒败血症引起内源性Leptin表达不足,早期给予能量补充有望升高Leptin表达水平,而干扰下丘脑-垂体轴功能或降低能量储备则会抑制Leptin所发挥的保护效应.     

Thymus lymphocytes in uraemic rats and the effect of thymosin fraction 5 in vitro.

Cellular immunity of thymus lymphocytes in uraemic rats was studied. Severe and moderate uraemia was induced in rats, and sham-operated and normal rats were used as the controls. As a result, the response of thymus lymphocytes to concanavalin A (Con A) significantly decreased in severely uraemic rats, but did not change in moderately uraemic rats. However, when the thymus lymphocytes were pretreated with thymosin fraction 5, the response to Con A was ameliorated in severely uraemic rats. There was a significant correlation between the effect of thymosin fraction 5 on Con A response and Con A response of thymus lymphocytes. In addition, serum from severe uraemic rats suppressed the response of normal thymus lymphocytes to Con A. These results indicate that severe uraemia may cause an impairment in maturation of thymus lymphocytes, which can be improved by thymosin fraction 5 in vitro.     

The development of extranodal lymphoid follicles in experimental bronchopneumonia.

Extranodal formation of lymphoid follicles was morphologically studied in experimental bronchopneumonia. Control gnotobiotic mice had no peribronchial lymphoid follicles and only lymphatic vessels were traced from the terminal bronchiolar region toward larger bronchi. During the week after intranasal inoculation of mycoplasma pulmonis, lymphoid follicles developed in the terminal portion of the lymphatics by the accumulation of small lymphocytes. A loose network of mesenchymal cells and early infiltration of macrophages, following stromal edema, seemed to play an important role in the early accumulation of lymphocytes. Blastic transformation was seen frequently in the center of the accumulated lymphocytes. Two weeks after inoculation plasma cells emerged conspicuously in the periphery of the lymphoid follicles, and the acute phase of bronchopneumonia began to subside. Typical germinal centers with tingible body macrophages and dendritic reticulum cells developed when the bronchitis persisted in a chronical manner.