Newly trained operating room nurses’ experiences of nursing care in the operating room

There is limited research on nurses’ experiences of nursing care in the operating room. The operating room nurses’ responsibility is to ensure good nursing care before, during and after surgery. In an increasingly technological health care environment, there is always a risk of turning the focus away from nursing care towards technology and medicine. Integration of past experiences into the role as an operating room nurse becomes a challenge for those who recently worked as general nurses. The present study aimed to explore newly trained operating room nurses’ experiences of nursing care in an operating room. Semi-structured interviews were performed with ten operating room nurses with a maximum three years’ work experience from an operating room. The interviews were subjected to qualitative content analysis. The findings revealed three themes describing operating room nurses’ searching for their new role. They experienced a gap between theory and practice, felt alone and insignificant and had to find their own place. The operating room nurses’ experienced threats to safe nursing when they lacked time for the patients as well as for their own recovery, and they lacked feedback in order to improve care. They ensured security for patients by establishing one-to-one contact, protecting patients’ well-being and working in teams for the patients’ best interest, participants also focused on the task at hand instead of the patient as a person. New ways of organising work in operating units, and well-functioning teams can be a key to a successful integration of experiences from ward nurse to an operating room nurse, and provide support so that they feel more visible, at ease and safe in their new profession.     

Changing roles and identities in primary health care: exploring a culture of uncertainty

This paper highlights a key area of analysis emerging from research undertaken in order to explore cultural differences between medicine and nursing, and implications for primary care. Concerns about the role of nursing in primary health care within the UK are of particular interest to the authors. A specific concern centres on the movement of health care work from one group of health workers to another, in particular from doctors to nurses. A number of studies show that work is moving from doctors to nurses and explore the policy drivers, notably the pressure to improve the cost-effectiveness of care. However, few studies reflect on how ideas, values and beliefs are being challenged, confirmed and used to justify new roles and identities. We are interested in exploring this latter aspect of the movement of health care work, and argue that changing roles and identities create a culture of uncertainty which has important implications for the future of primary health care nursing.     

The devaluation of nursing: a position statement

How nursing as a profession is valued may be changing and needs to be explored and understood in a global context. We draw on data from two empirical studies to illustrate our argument. The first study explored the value of nursing globally, the second investigated the experiences of overseas trained nurses recruited to work in a migrant capacity in the UK health care workforce. The indications are that nurses perceive themselves as devalued socially, and that other health care professionals do not give nursing the same status as other, socially more prestigious professions, such as medicine. Organizational and management structures within the NHS and the independent care home sector devalue overseas nurses and the contribution they make to health care. Our conclusions lead us to question the accepted sociocultural value of the global nursing workforce and its perceived contribution to global health care, and to consider two ethical frameworks from which these issues could be discussed further.     

手术室护士工作压力源与心理健康水平关系的研究

目的 探讨手术室护士工作压力源与心理健康水平的关系.方法 选取浙江省5所综合性医院130名手术室护士,采用工作压力源、焦虑和抑郁量表进行问卷调查,并对结果 进行相关性分析及t检验.结果 手术室护士压力主要来自护理专业及工作方面、工作量及时间方面、工作环境及时间分配方面.其次为患者护理方面、管理及人际关系方面.手术室护士焦虑、抑郁水平显著高于健康人群.手术室护士的焦虑、抑郁得分均与工作压力源的护理专业及工作方面、工作量及时间方面、患者护理方面、管理及人际关系方面存在显著相关性.与工作环境及时间分配不存在显著相关性.结论 手术室护士存在多种工作压力源,且心理健康水平较低.管理者应采取相应措施,缓解护士的工作压力.提高其心理健康水平.     

手术室护士工作压力源与心理健康水平关系的研究

目的探讨手术室护士工作压力源与心理健康水平的关系。方法选取浙江省5所综合性医院130名手术室护士,采用工作压力源、焦虑和抑郁量表进行问卷调查,并对结果进行相关性分析及t检验。结果手术室护士压力主要来自护理专业及工作方面、工作量及时间方面、工作环境及时间分配方面,其次为患者护理方面、管理及人际关系方面。手术室护士焦虑、抑郁水平显著高于健康人群。手术室护士的焦虑、抑郁得分均与工作压力源的护理专业及工作方面、工作量及时间方面、患者护理方面、管理及人际关系方面存在显著相关性。与工作环境及时间分配不存在显著相关性。结论手术室护士存在多种工作压力源,且心理健康水平较低。管理者应采取相应措施,缓解护士的工作压力,提高其心理健康水平。     

手术室护士心理状况和压力的调查及对策

目的 了解手术室护士的心理状况和压力。方法 采用以中国成人常模作比较和护士工作压力源量表,对2所三级医院和3所二级医院的手术室护士采取方便抽样的方法发放调查问卷。结果 手术室护士SCL-90各因子分均低于健康成人（p〈0．05）。手术室护士工作压力状况显示,二级医院与三级医院在工作量及时间方面（p〈0．01）和压力总分（p〈0．05）有显著性差异。手术室护士心理健康状况与护理专业及工作方面相关性不大;在工作量、时间分配、工作环境及资源、病人护理及管理和人际关系等方面具有显著相关性（p〈0．01）。结论 手术室护士心理健康状况较好,但在工作压力的一些方面存在问题,对手术室的护理管理者提供重要的参考价值。     

Caseload management skills for improved efficiency

This article provides information about caseload management, which was one of a group of six competencies identified by nurse administrators as needed by new baccalaureate graduates. Caseload management is an important skill for nurses who work with caseloads of patients or clients (e.g., home health nurses, public health nurses, case managers, ambulatory care nurses). Because inadequate information about caseload management is contained in community health nursing textbooks, continuing education and staff development programs need to include caseload management skills to improve the efficiency and quality of nursing care.     

Clinical Competencies for Community Health Nursing

Cost-containment strategies initiated in the early 1980s caused a major shift in site of care delivery for persons needing nursing care. Where once the majority of clients were cared for in the acute-care setting until they were self-sufficient, now most are discharged to the home environment still requiring acute-care nursing interventions as well as community health nursing skills. This rapid shift in practice sites has placed severe strain on community health nursing agencies. Not only are more nurses required to fill the increased demand for services, but the demand comes at a time when we are experiencing a severe nursing shortage. This has forced many agencies to hire acute care nurses who have little or no community health nursing experience. These nurses come to community health nursing expecting to use the same set of skills and knowledge base used in their acute-care practice; however, the skill levels and concepts required for community health nursing are quite different from the acute care setting. Educational preparation has not kept pace with this shift in practice. Consequently, many nurses are not adequately prepared to enter community health nursing. Preparation must include theoretical and experiential components that focus on assessment skills (of the community and individual), decision making, case management, health systems management, teaching, and leadership. Collaborative efforts between community health organizations and educational institutions would seem to be one solution that would ensure adequately prepared nurses for community health nursing. The establishment and maintenance of strong staff-development programs within community health nursing agencies are also required.     

手术室护士工作压力源与心理健康状况相关性研究

目的了解手术室护士工作压力源与心理健康状况的相关性,并研究其应对策略,为提高手术室护士的心理健康水平提供依据。方法本研究从本市4所医院在手术室工作一年以上的护士随机抽取70名作为调查对象,采用国内认可的SCL90症状自评量表和护士工作压力源量表作为调查工具,将收集的资料通过SPSS11．0软件包进行统计学分析和处理。结果手术室护士工作压力状况显示在工作量及时间方面和压力总分有显著性差异。手术室护士心理健康状况与护理专业及工作方面相关性不大,在工作量及时间分配、工作环境及资源、患者护理及管理和人际关系等方面具有显著相关性。结论诸多手术室工作压力方面的问题,以及一些引起手术室护士心理压力增加的相关因素存在,严重影响着手术室护士的心理健康,乃至影响护理质量。手术室的护理管理者应了解护士的心理需求,实行人性化管理,提供继续教育和参加应对工作压力能力训练的机会;护士要正确对待压力,提高心理防御能力,学会自我减压,保持良好的心理状态,以更高的热情投入到工作中去。     

Nursing from the casual pool: focus group study to explore the experiences of casual nurses

The use of flexible non-contract nursing staff is increasing in Australia and in other countries where there is currently a nursing shortage. There is sparse empirical evidence relating to the experience of these nurses. This focus group study with six groups of enrolled and registered nurses in one regional health authority in New South Wales reports on the challenges and rewards of working through the casual pool. The textual data were coded and reported in themes and subthemes; the overarching theme is balance of social and professional life, while subthemes are social politics, nursing work and professional performance. The results reveal that nurses who work from the casual pool have insight into the work environment and culture of clinical teams that is untapped formally. They have little or no chance to provide clinical teams with feedback or receive feedback on their own performance. The consequence of this study has been the development of a two-way performance intervention to promote high standards of care from nurses who work from the casual pool and the promotion of safe clinical environments and cultures.     

手术室护士工作压力源与心理健康状况相关性研究

目的 了解手术室护士工作压力源与心理健康状况的相关性,并研究其应对策略,为提高手术室护士的心理健康水平提供依据.方法 本研究从本市4所医院在手术室工作一年以上的护士随机抽取70名作为调查对象,采用国内认可的SCL 90症状自评量表和护士工作压力源量表作为调查工具,将收集的资料通过SPSS 11.0软件包进行统计学分析和处理.结果 手术室护士工作压力状况显示在工作量及时间方面和压力总分有显著性差异.手术室护士心理健康状况与护理专业及工作方面相关性不大,在工作量及时间分配、工作环境及资源、患者护理及管理和人际关系等方面具有显著相关性.结论 诸多手术室工作压力方面的问题,以及一些引起手术室护士心理压力增加的相关因素存在,严重影响着手术室护士的心理健康,乃至影响护理质量.手术室的护理管理者应了解护士的心理需求,实行人性化管理,提供继续教育和参加应对工作压力能力训练的机会;护士要正确对待压力,提高心理防御能力,学会自我减压,保持良好的心理状态,以更高的热情投入到工作中去.     

手术室护士工作压力源与心理健康状况相关性研究

目的 了解手术室护士工作压力源与心理健康状况的相关性,并研究其应对策略,为提高手术室护士的心理健康水平提供依据.方法 本研究从本市4所医院在手术室工作一年以上的护士随机抽取70名作为调查对象,采用国内认可的SCL 90症状自评量表和护士工作压力源量表作为调查工具,将收集的资料通过SPSS 11.0软件包进行统计学分析和处理.结果 手术室护士工作压力状况显示在工作量及时间方面和压力总分有显著性差异.手术室护士心理健康状况与护理专业及工作方面相关性不大,在工作量及时间分配、工作环境及资源、患者护理及管理和人际关系等方面具有显著相关性.结论 诸多手术室工作压力方面的问题,以及一些引起手术室护士心理压力增加的相关因素存在,严重影响着手术室护士的心理健康,乃至影响护理质量.手术室的护理管理者应了解护士的心理需求,实行人性化管理,提供继续教育和参加应对工作压力能力训练的机会;护士要正确对待压力,提高心理防御能力,学会自我减压,保持良好的心理状态,以更高的热情投入到工作中去.     

护理人员对围手术期护理项目风险性认知状况调查

目的:了解护理人员对围手术期护理操作项目风险性的认知状况,为护理管理者有针对性地加强围手术期护理风险管理提供依据。方法:采用方便抽样法,选取某市5所综合医院外科和手术室工作1年以上的196名护士为调查对象。结果:护理人员认为给药和病情观察相关的内容是围手术期的高风险护理项目。此外,术中还需重点关注物品准备、查对、输血、引流管理及病理标本管理;术后还应关注输血查对和一些专科护理项目。结论:护理管理者应重视护理人员风险意识的教育,有针对性地加强高风险护理项目的管理,以保证围手术期护理安全。     

Nursing leadership–myth or reality?

The recent profound changes in health care policy and the management and organization of the National Health Service have had a major impact upon nursing. Indeed, the development of the new management culture has challenged the organizational and management structure of nursing. This paper explores the role of nursing leadership in relation to the management of care delivery. The need for nursing leadership, its struggle for emergence and its effectiveness are discussed. The author concludes that for nursing to survive in the reformed health services strong leadership is essential. To achieve this the profession must move away from its traditional power base and refocus on clinical practice and the management of nursing rather than the management of nurses.     

护理专科小组的建立与实施效果

目的探讨护理专科小组的工作模式及其对提高护理人员综合素质和护理质量的作用。方法以经过培训和资格认证的手术室、急诊、ICU、静脉置管专科护士和糖尿病健康教育护理师为主体建立了静脉置管护理、护理安全管理和糖尿病健康教育3个护理专科小组,应用于医院护理人员培训、护理会诊和护理门诊中。效果培训后护理人员理论知识和操作技能评分明显提高;静脉置管平均留置时间延长;糖尿病患者健康教育满意度提高;促进了护理科研论文撰写和发表。结论护理专科小组在全院护理工作中发挥了重要作用,有效提升了护理服务质量和服务内涵,推动了护理专业化进程。     

疾病诊断相关分组指标在内科系统护理人力资源配置中的应用研究

目的探讨疾病诊断相关分组(DRGs)相关指标在内科系统护理人力资源配置中的应用价值,为合理调配护理人员提供依据。方法回顾性查阅临沂市人民医院2017年1月1日—12月31日内科系统住院患者的病历信息,分析2017年内科系统全年的产出能力得分,根据产出能力得分对2018年内科系统护理人力资源进行合理配置,比较实施前后内科系统产出能力得分、医疗服务效率、医疗服务安全、护理质量评分、护士对护理人力资源调配方案满意度及患者对护理工作满意度。采用SPSS 18.0软件进行数据处理和分析。结果根据DRGs产出能力得分进行护理人力资源配置后,2018年医院内科系统产出能力得分高于实施前,医疗服务效率中时间效率指数较实施前降低,病区管理质量、护理安全管理质量、临床护理服务质量、护理文书书写质量、健康教育质量、危重患者管理质量、消毒隔离质量、患者对护理工作满意度及护士对护理人力资源方案满意度得分情况均较实施前提高,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-3.636、3.367、-13.090、-14.665、-11.630、-10.005、-11.572、-13.941、-8.906;P<0.05)。结论医院内部以DRGs产能得分合理配置护理人力资源,可以在有限的护理人力资源条件下,满足临床护理工作需要,同时提高工作效率及护理质量,提升患者及护理人员满意度。     

Emotional problems in primary care: what is the potential for increasing the role of nurses?

It has been suggested that the role of primary care and community nurses should be expanded in relation to mental health in order to assist in the prevention and management of prevalent emotional disorders such as depression and anxiety. However, relatively little is known about the mental health work presently undertaken by these nurses. Furthermore, nurses'training needs, attitudes and organizational barriers to role expansion in this area have not been systematically explored. This article seeks to review the literature on nurses' potential and current mental health work, current and future training needs, the views of patients and nurses concerning an expanded nursing role, and organizational issues of relevance. Educational interventions which have been systematically evaluated are also reviewed. The results suggest that nurses are already involved in emotional health care with a variety of patient groups, although this is not always acknowledged as mental health work. While clear potential for an expanded role exists, there is little consensus as to what role would be most effective for each nursing group, and few educational interventions have been demonstrated to be of proven effectiveness.     

A ward without walls? District nurses’ perceptions of their workload management priorities and job satisfaction

Aim. To explore district nurses’ workload management, job satisfaction and the challenges they face. Background. This paper reports qualitative findings from a qualitative and quantitative study to identify a district nursing perspective on use of time, challenges and work satisfaction. District nursing is under increasing pressure because of the increasing shift to care in the community, early hospital discharge and changes in demography with an ageing population and more people with chronic illnesses. Design. Qualitive. Method. The study took place in one Scottish Health Board and data were collected in February and March 2005. The qualitative approach involved a total of 31 district nurses and senior managers in focus group discussions or individual interviews. Results. Three main themes were identified: (1) the priorities of district nurses and their views on work unrelated to ‘hands on’ clinical care, (2) aspects of district nursing considered stressful and (3) district nurses’ job satisfaction. Conclusion. District nurses and managers agree that caring work with patients is the priority for the service and provides job satisfaction. Many nurses feel overwhelmed by their workload and have little control over the admission of patients to their caseload; they are mainly demand led and therefore reactive care providers. A culture of long hours has developed as district nurses struggle to meet the needs of patients. Feeling devalued lowers satisfaction and Agenda for Change is perceived as de‐valuing the skills of community nurses. Relevance to clinical practice. More clerical support is required so district nurses can deliver care to patients. District nurses can better represent their workload and how it is managed through expressing the nature of assessing risk and caring for patients as opposed to defining patients care needs by medical diagnoses. Extending the hours of the full district nursing service would benefit patients and staff.     

人性化管理理念在手术室护理管理中的应用

目的探讨人性化管理理念在手术室护理管理中的应用。方法对手术室护理工作存在的问题进行分析，并提出相应的对策。结果手术室护理工作主要存在的问题是：工作劳动强度大，健康危害性较大，长期处于应激状态。结论护理管理者应用人性化管理激励下属，最大限度地调动护士的积极性，才能确保医疗护理质量，保证护理安全，共同创造和谐的手术室护理环境。     

Beyond profession: nursing leadership in contemporary healthcare

Aim(s)  To examine nursing leadership in contemporary health care and its potential contribution to health service organization and management.
Background  As the nursing profession repositions itself as an equal partner in health care beside medicine and management, its enhanced nursing standards and clinical knowledge are not leading to a commensurate extension of nursing's power and authority in the organization.
Method(s)  An ethnographic study of an ICU in Sydney, Australia, comprising: interviews with unit nursing managers (4); focus groups (3) with less experienced, intermediate and experienced nurses (29 in total); and interviews with senior nurse manager (1).
Results  Inter- and intra-professional barriers in the workplace, fragmentation of multidisciplinary clinical systems that collectively deliver care, and clinical and administrative disconnection in resolving organizational problems, prevented nurses articulating a model of intensive and end-of-life care.
Conclusion(s)  Professional advocacy skills are needed to overcome barriers and to articulate and operationalize new nursing knowledge and standards if nurses are to enact and embed a leadership role.
Implications for nursing management  The profession will need to move beyond a reliance on professional clinical models to become skilled multidisciplinary team members and professional advocates for nurses to take their place as equal partners in health care.