绝经后妇女甲状旁腺素基因多态性与骨密度：福州地区的调查

背景：有研究证实,绝经后妇女骨密度与甲状旁腺素基因有密切关系,但在不同地区人群中结果存在差异性。 目的：探讨福州地区绝经后妇女甲状旁腺素基因(PTH)BstBⅠ多态性与骨密度的关系。 方法：用双能X射线骨密度仪检测福州地区150例绝经后妇女的腰椎、股骨颈,大转子和Ward’s三角骨密度,应用PCR-RFLP技术检测甲状旁腺素基因BstBⅠ多态性。 结果与结论：①甲状旁腺素基因型分布频率为BB型 68.8%、Bb型24.1%、bb 型7.1%。等位基因频率为B 81%,b 19%,基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg定律。②分析其基因型与骨密度的关系：BB、Bb、bb 3种基因型在股骨颈、大转子、Ward’s三角区4个部位骨密度差异均无显著意义(P > 0.05)。甲状旁腺素基因BstBⅠ位点多态性与骨密度间无关联,尚不能作为预测福州地区绝经后妇女发生骨质疏松危险的遗传标志。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程全文链接：     

汉族人维生素D受体基因TruⅠ酶切位点多态性及其对BsmⅠ酶切位点多态性测定的影响

目的测定汉族人维生素D受体基因TruⅠ酶切位点多态性分布并探讨其对BsmⅠ酶切位点多态性分布测定的影响。方法收集80名健康汉族人外周静脉血标本,提取基因组DNA,用限制性片段多态性长度酶切法测定80名汉族人维生素D受体基因TruⅠ、BsmⅠ酶切位点多态性;换用常规引物再次测定上述标本BsmⅠ酶切位点多态性;分析维生素D受体基因TruⅠ、BsmⅠ酶切位点多态性及两次测定的BsmⅠ位点的一致性。结果测得TruⅠ基因型频率为TT68.7%,Tt26.3%,tt5.0%;同一PCR片段上测得BsmⅠ位点基因型频率为BB6.2%,Bb52.5%,bb41.3%,多态性分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡;换用常规引物测定同批标本BsmⅠ位点多态性,基因型分布为BB20.0%,Bb26.2%,bb53.8%,不符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡（r=13.29,P〈0.01）。与第1次测定相比,有22个标本基因型由Bb型变成BB型或bb型,发生基因型丢失。结论汉族人VDR基因存在TruⅠ多态性,其多态性分布与其它种族不同;TruⅠ酶切位点多态性可引起BsmⅠ位点多态性测定时等位基因的丢失。     

维生素D受体基因起始密码和3‘端多态性与绝经后妇女骨密度的关系

目的：了解维生系D受体（vitamin d receptor,VDR)基因起始密码多态性和3'端多态性对北京地区汉族绝经后妇女骨密度（bone mineral density,BMD)值的影响是否具有协同作用。方法：应用聚合酶链反应－限制性片段长度多态性检测了110绝经后妇女VDR基因Fok 1和3'端多态性，同时用双能X线吸收法测定绝经后妇女腰椎2－4（L2－4）、股骨颈、Ward's三角和大转子区的BMD值。结果：被研究人群Fok I、Apa I、Bsm I和Taq I等位频率分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg定律。单独分析各基因型与绝经后妇女BMD值的关系，仅显示Bsm I基因型与BMD值有关联（P＜0．05）；协同分析Fok I基因型和Apa I、Bsm I、Taq I基因型与BMD值的关系，显示Fok I-Apa I基因型与绝经后妇女L2－4 BMD值显著相关（P＜0．001），而未见Fok I-Bsm I基因型与绝经后妇女各部位BMD值的关联，Fok I-Taq I基因型与股骨颈和大转子区部位BMD值有关联（P＜0．05）。此外，未发现VDR基因3'端多态性之间与各部位的BMD值有关联。结论：VDR基因Fok I多态性虽然与绝经后妇女BMD值无关联，但Fok I多态性和3'端多态性（Apa I和Taq I）对绝经后妇女BMD值的影响具有协同作用。     

重庆地区绝经妇女骨质疏松症与维生素D受体基因多态性的关系

目的：探讨在重庆市区生活10年以上的汉族绝经妇女骨质疏松症与维生素D受体基因多态性的关系。方法：用聚合酶链反应－限制性片段长度多态性技术检测了40例绝经后患骨质疏松症的妇女和21名同龄绝经后无骨质疏松症的妇女的维生素D受体基因多态性。结果：骨质疏松组维生素D受体基因型bb、Bb、BB频率分别为82．5％、17．5％及0，无骨质疏松组分别为85．71％、14．29％及0，两组差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。结论：就目前调查例数看，重庆地区汉族妇女骨质疏松与BB基因型无明显相关性。     

维生素D受体基因起始密码和3′端多态性与绝经后妇女骨密度的关系

目的了解维生素D受体(vitamin D receptor, VDR)基因起始密码多态性和3′端多态性对北京地区汉族绝经后妇女骨密度(bone mineral density, BMD)值的影响是否具有协同作用.方法应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性检测了110名绝经后妇女VDR基因Fok Ⅰ和3′端多态性,同时用双能X线吸收法测定绝经后妇女腰椎2～4(L2-4)、股骨颈、Ward's三角和大转子区的BMD值. 结果被研究人群Fok Ⅰ、Apa Ⅰ、Bsm Ⅰ和Taq Ⅰ等位基因频率分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg定律.单独分析各基因型与绝经后妇女BMD值的关系,仅显示Bsm Ⅰ基因型与BMD值有关联(P<0.05);协同分析Fok Ⅰ基因型和Apa Ⅰ、Bsm Ⅰ、Taq Ⅰ基因型与BMD值的关系,显示Fok Ⅰ-Apa Ⅰ基因型与绝经后妇女L2-4BMD值显著相关(P<0.001),而未见Fok Ⅰ-Bsm Ⅰ基因型与绝经后妇女各部位BMD值的关联,Fok Ⅰ-Taq Ⅰ基因型与股骨颈和大转子区部位BMD值有关联(P<0.05).此外,未发现VDR基因3′端多态性之间与各部位的BMD值有关联. 结论 VDR基因Fok Ⅰ多态性虽然与绝经后妇女BMD值无关联,但Fok Ⅰ多态性和3′端多态性(Apa Ⅰ和Taq Ⅰ)对绝经后妇女BMD值的影响具有协同作用.     

维生素D受体基因起始密码子和CDX2多态性与钙剂补充对绝经后妇女骨密度作用的关系

目的了解维生素D受体（vitamin D receptor，VDR）基因（VDR）起始密码子（Fok Ⅰ位点）和启动子区CDX2结合位点多态性与绝经后妇女钙剂补充对骨密度（bone mineral density，BMD）和骨转换指标作用的关系。方法200名受试对象（均为上海市汉族无亲缘关系的绝经后妇女）分为两组：高钙组（日服元素钙1000mg和维生素D400IU）和低钙组（日服元素钙300mg和维生素D300IU）各100名，期限1年。检测治疗前后BMD和骨转换指标，以及VDR基因Fok Ⅰ位点和CDX2结合位点多态性。结果其中171名完成整个研究。研究人群础Ⅰ基因型频率分布依次为Ff（48．0％）、FF（31．0％）和ff（21．0％）；CDX2基因型频率分布依次为AG（56．7％）、GG（25．7％）和AA（17．6％），上述等位基因频率分布在整个人群或2亚组中均符合Hardy-Weinberg定律。无论在整个人群组、或是2亚组中，Fok Ⅰ或CDX2各基因型间各部位BMD和各骨转换指标的基线值差异均无统计学意义；钙剂补充1年时，各部位BMD和骨转换指标的终点值和变化的百分数与Fok Ⅰ或CDX2多态性均无相关性。结论高钙或低钙的补充对上海市汉族绝经后妇女BMD或骨转换指标的影响与VDR基因Fok Ⅰ或CDX2多态性无相关性。     

我国汉族儿童维生素D受体基因多态性分布

目的　了解我国汉族儿童维生素D受体 (VDR)基因多态性分布。方法　利用限制性内切酶BsmⅠ ,采用聚合酶链反应限制性片段长度多态性技术 (PCR -RFLP) ,对 1 69名健康汉族儿童进行了VDR基因分型 ,并计算其基因型频率分布。结果　中国汉族儿童VDR基因bb、Bb、BB基因型分别为 91 1 2 %、7 1 %、1 77%,明显不同于高加索人种 ,与韩国人较为相似。结论　VDR基因多态性具有种族差异性     

妇女隆钙素受体基因型与骨密度的关系

本文欲探讨中国汉族妇女降钙素受体(CTR)基因型频率分布及其与骨密度(BMD)的关系.对北京地区95名健康年轻妇女和127名绝经后妇女,采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术(PCR-RFLP)检测CTR基因型,同时通过PCR产物进行测序验证,应用双能X线吸收法测量BMD值.发现汉族妇女CTR基因型频率分布依次为CC、TC、TT(分别占90.5%、8.6%、0.9%),等位基因频率C和T各为94.8%、5.2%.年轻妇女组TC基因型者在腰椎和股骨大转子部位的BMD值均高于CC基因型的相应部位(P<0.05),绝经后妇女组不同基因型各部位BMD值无差别.提示汉族妇女CTR基因型频率分布不同于已报道的其他人种;CTR基因型与BMD间有一定关联.     

维生素D受体基因多态性与中国汉族人群2型糖尿病肾脏病相关性meta分析

目的对维生素D受体(VDR)基因多态性与中国汉族人群2型糖尿病肾脏病(T2DKD)相关性的研究进行系统评价。方法选择外文期刊数据库(Pub Med,Science Citation Index,Cochrane)及中文期刊数据库(中国知网、万方数据库、维普)。根据系统评价的原理及规范,英文检索词:diabetic nephropathy or diabetic kidney disease or diabetic complication;vitamin D receptor or VDR;polymorphism or single nucleotid polymorphism or variant。中文检索词:糖尿病肾脏病、维生素D受体、基因多态性。检索时间为建立数据库时间至2017年6月。检索有关VDR基因(ApaⅠ、BsmⅠ、FokⅠ、TaqⅠ酶切位点)多态性与中国汉族人群T2DKD相关性的病例对照研究,同时检索纳入文献的参考文献以扩大检索范围。对最终确定符合标准的文献采用Stata 12.0版软件进行meta分析。结果共纳入7篇文献,包含1 496例患者。meta分析结果显示,VDR基因位点ApaⅠ、FokⅠ、TaqⅠ多态性与中国汉族人群T2DKD无明显相关性(P0.05)。BsmⅠ基因多态性与中国汉族人群T2DKD发生存在关联,等位基因B vs b,比值比(OR)=1.86,95%可信区间(CI)=1.31-2.65,P=0.001,差异有统计学意义;基因型BB+Bb vs bb,OR=2.02,95%CI=1.38-2.96,P=0.000,差异有统计学意义。结论 VDR基因位点BsmⅠ多态性与中国汉族人群T2DKD易感性相关,B等位基因及BB+Bb基因型可能是其T2DKD危险因素。     

骨钙素基因Hind Ⅲ多态性与福州地区汉族绝经后妇女骨密度的相关性

背景：骨质疏松症是一种多基因遗传病,骨钙素受体基因多态性与骨密度关系存在地域和人群的差异。 目的：观察绝经后妇女骨钙素基因型频率分布及其与骨密度的关系,探讨福州地区汉族绝经后妇女骨质疏松症的遗传易感基因。 方法：用聚合酶链式反应限制性片段长度多态性分析201例汉族绝经后妇女骨钙素基因型,用双能X射线吸收法测定腰椎、股骨颈,大转子和Ward’s三角4个部位骨密度值。 结果与结论：福州地区汉族绝经后妇女骨钙素基因型频率分布符合Hardy-Weinberg定律(χ²=2.29,P > 0.05),基因多态性分布依次为HH 5%、hh 46%、Hh 49%,与福州、北京、广州、台湾地区骨钙素基因Hind Ⅲ位点多态性分布频率差异无显著性意义(P  > 0.05)。但是与日本人、白种人差异明显(P  < 0.05)。且HH基因型在大转子骨密度明显高于hh型(P < 0.05),但不同基因型在第2~4腰椎、股骨颈、Ward’s三角区的骨密度差异无显著性意义。提示绝经后妇女骨钙素基因型与大转子骨密度可能存在一定关联。     

Association of vitamin D receptor and estrogen receptor gene polymorphisms with bone mass in postmenopausal Korean women

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between vitamin D receptor (VDR) and estrogen receptor (ER) gene polymorphism and bone mineral density (BMD). DESIGN: Polymorphisms at the VDR FokI and ER PvuII and XbaI gene sites, serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, urinary N-telopeptide of type I collagen, and BMD at the lumbar spine and proximal femur were analyzed in 229 postmenopausal Korean women. RESULTS: The distribution of ER PvuII and XbaI and VDR FokI restriction fragment length polymorphisms was as follows: pp 39.3%, Pp 46.3%, PP 14.4%, xx 34.1%, Xx 61.1%, XX 4.8%. ff 17.0%, Ff 43.7%, and FF 39.3%, respectively (upper-case letters signify the absence, and lower-case letters signify the presence of the restriction site). After adjusting for potential confounding factors such as age, body mass index, and menopause duration, ER PvuII was independently associated with BMD at the lumbar spine and XbaI polymorphism BMD at the femoral neck. The lumbar spine BMD in the pp genotype was 7.5% lower than in the PP genotype, and the femoral neck BMD was 4.8% lower in the Xx genotype than in the xx genotype. By itself, the VDR FokI polymorphism was not related to BMD, but by combining the FokI genotype (FF) with ER genotypes, such as ppxx and the PpXx, the difference in the BMD at the Ward's triangle became significant. There were no significant differences in the levels of biochemical markers between the genotypes of three polymorphisms. CONCLUSION: ER polymorphisms, singly and in relation to VDR FokI polymorphism, influence bone mass in Korean women.     

Association of estrogen and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with tooth loss and oral bone loss in Japanese postmenopausal women

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between estrogen receptor (ER) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and tooth loss, oral bone loss, and postcranial bone mineral density (BMD) in Japanese postmenopausal women. DESIGN: Polymorphisms at the ER PvuII and XbaI and VDR BsmI gene sites, number of teeth remaining, oral bone mass, and BMD of the lumbar spine and the hip were evaluated in 149 Japanese postmenopausal women. RESULTS: The distribution of ER PvuII and XbaI and VDR BsmI restriction fragment length polymorphisms was as follows: pp, 30.2%; Pp, 49.7%; PP, 20.1%; xx, 71.8%; Xx, 22.5%; XX, 2.7%; bb, 76.5%; Bb, 22.2%; and BB, 1.3%. Analysis of covariance adjusted for confounding variables revealed that participants with pp allele had fewer teeth remaining than did those with P allele. There were no significant differences in oral bone mass and postcranial BMD among three alleles at the PvuII site. Participants with X and bb allele had less oral bone mass and lower postcranial BMD than did those with xx and B allele, respectively. We could not clarify the positive associations between XbaI and BsmI polymorphism and number of teeth. CONCLUSIONS: PvuII polymorphism was associated with tooth loss, but not with oral bone mass and postcranial BMD. XbaI and BsmI polymorphisms may be associated with bone mass or density; however, PvuII polymorphism might contribute to another unknown pathway related to tooth loss.     

Analysis of Bsm I polymorphism of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene in Venezuelan female patients living in the state of Zulia with osteoporosis

Among genes implied on the osteoporosis genetics, the most studied gene worldwide is the receptor gene of D vitamin (VDR), through the characterization of Bsm I polymorphism. The main objective of this research was to analyze the Bsm I polymorphism of the VDR gene in a sample of 133 postmenopausal women distributed in three groups: 54 with osteoporosis, 24 with osteopenia and 55 normal controls for the disease. 28 of the women with osteoporosis presented the BB genotype, which is related in other countries to bone mineral density decrease, 20 had the Bb genotype, and 6 the bb genotype. Of the control group only 11 women presented the BB genotype, 36 showed the heterozygote genotype and 8 the bb genotype. The frequencies of the B and b alleles in the analyzed population were 0.6 and 0.4 respectively. The BB genotype was found in 52% of the group with osteoporosis, and in 20% of the control group, these findings are statistically significant, which suggest an association between the BB genotype and osteoporosis.     

Raloxifene administration in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis: effect of different BsmI vitamin D receptor genotypes

BACKGROUND: The vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism has been considered a factor influencing the effectiveness of the anti-osteoporotic treatments. The aim of this study was to correlate the effectiveness of raloxifene treatment in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis to BsmI VDR genotypes. METHODS: Between January and August 2000, 75 Italian osteoporotic women were enrolled and treated with raloxifene at a dose of 60 mg/day. At entry and after 1 year of treatment, lumbar bone mineral density (BMD), serum osteocalcin (OC) and urinary creatinine-corrected free deoxypyridinoline (DPD) levels were evaluated. DNA was extracted from blood and analysed with restriction endonuclease BsmI for VDR gene. RESULTS: After treatment, a significant increase in lumbar BMD and a significant reduction in serum OC and urinary DPD levels were observed. The percentage of change (mean +/- SD) in lumbar BMD, and in serum OC and urinary DPD levels was significantly different in homozygous bb (1.58 +/- 0.80, -5.15 +/- 2.36 and -7.71 +/- 2.89 for BMD, OC and DPD respectively) in comparison with BB (4.13 +/- 2.26, -13.59 +/- 4.68 and -15.16 +/- 4.65 for BMD, OC and DPD respectively) BsmI VDR genotypes. Heterozygous Bb VDR patients showed an intermediate percentage (mean +/- SD) of BMD, serum OC and urinary DPD change (2.49 +/- 1.54, -8.69 +/- 2.60 and -10.52 +/- 2.56 for BMD, OC and DPD respectively) not significantly different in comparison with homozygous BB and bb. CONCLUSIONS: In post-menopausal women with osteoporosis the effectiveness of raloxifene treatment on bone metabolism seems to be controlled by different BsmI VDR genotypes.     

护骨素基因T245G多态性与老年人骨密度关系的部位及性别差异

背景：作为骨折发生的重要临床预测因子,骨密度在一定程度上由遗传因素决定。护骨素基因是骨质疏松症发病中的重要候选基因。 目的：探讨护骨素基因T245G多态性与骨密度的相关性。 方法：选取2008-09/2010-04在北京大学人民医院进行常规查体的老年人281名,其中男182名,女99名。应用PCR-RFLP结合DNA测序检测护骨素基因T245G多态性,使用双能X射线骨密度测量仪测定受试者腰椎、髋部标准位置及前臂的骨密度。同时收集受试者的生化指标及临床观察项目。应用ANOVA方法分析护骨素基因T245G多态性与各检测指标的关系。 结果与结论：在老年男性及绝经后女性中,T245G基因T,G等位基因频率分布差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。在老年男性中,GG和TG基因型具有较高的腰椎骨密度,而TT基因型的腰椎骨密度较低(P < 0.05),Ward’s三角区及前臂骨密度在各基因型间差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。在绝经后女性中,T245G多态性与骨密度无关,说明护骨素基因与老年男性腰椎骨密度有关。     

Lack of relationship between vitamin D receptor polymorphism and bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis

We performed this study to investigate the possible association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism and the focal bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in Korea. One hundred and fifty-seven RA patients were enrolled and two control groups were selected. The focal bone erosion score was assessed by modified Sharp's method. Genotyping of VDR polymorphisms was performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using two restriction enzyme Taq I and Bsm I. Notably, the distribution of VDR genotype in Korean population was different from Caucasians. The frequencies of "tt" and "BB" genotypes were very rare both in RA patients and in control groups. The frequency distribution of the Taq I and Bsm I genotype was not different between RA patients (TT, 93.6%; Tt, 6.4%; tt, 0%; BB, 0.6%; Bb, 5.1%; bb, 94.3%) and control groups (TT, 90.8%; Tt, 7.5%; tt, 1.7%; BB, 1.4%; Bb, 8.1%; bb, 90.5%). There was no significant difference in the focal bone erosion score (mean +/- SD) according to the VDR genotypes of RA patients (TT, 0.92 +/- 1.79; Tt, 0.4 +/- 0.79; Bb, 0.43 +/- 0.80; bb, 0.92 +/- 1.79; p > 0.05). In conclusion, these results suggest that VDR gene polymorphisms are not associated with the focal bone erosion in RA patients in Korea.