过氧化物酶催化酚聚合的研究

研究过氧化物酶在非水介质中催化酚类化合物的聚合。探讨了有机溶剂的浓度，溶剂极性，体系ＰＨ值、酶浓度等因素对聚酚分子量的影响；分析了聚酚的链结构。结果表明，酚分子之间通过酚羟基的邻位或对位相互连结。形成了分子链上带有酚羟基的聚酚树脂；通过调节聚合参数，可以改变聚酚的分子量。     

稀土催化体系合成聚苯乙烯研究

通过比较单组分、双组分、三组分烷基镁稀土催化体系对苯乙烯催化聚合的活性,以及在三组分体系中不同配体、第三组分、溶剂、稀土元素催化苯乙烯聚合的影响,发现Nd(P204)3-Mg(n-Bu)2-HMPA对苯乙烯聚合具有很高的催化活性,而且所得到聚合物的粘均分子量可达百万.     

聚合工艺对水杨醛亚胺中性镍配合物催化乙烯溶液聚合的影响

合成了水杨醛亚胺中性镍配合物和双(1,5-环辛二烯)合镍［Ni(COD)2］催化体系。研究了聚合工艺对催化体系在甲苯中催化 乙烯聚合的影响。研究表明：随乙烯压力和搅拌速率的增加,聚合活性和聚乙烯的黏均分子量均增加,使得聚乙烯片的拉伸强度提 高;室温下催化剂催化活性最高,黏均分子量也最大,聚乙烯晶体结构也较完善。用DSC、WAXD、GPC、动态流变仪以及力学性能测 试仪对室温下聚合所得聚乙烯进行了分析,表明聚乙烯是支化的线性高分子量聚乙烯,熔体呈假塑性流体特征。乙烯压力和搅拌速 率对聚乙烯的晶体结构无影响。     

电聚合吡咯膜修饰的葡萄糖氧化酶电极

自制的铂丝电极经铂化处理后，将葡萄糖氧化酶与单体吡咯用循环伏安法共聚合到电极上，铂化后电极表面积的增大增加了固定的酶量，同时也增大了电极对Ｈ２Ｏ２的催化能力，使电极对葡萄糖的响应电流增大到７．５ｍＡ／（ｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１），还测试了聚合液中酶浓度、ｐＨ值和聚合时间等因素对电极特性的影响。     

酚类聚合物在水相胶束中的酶促合成

本文报道辣根过氧化物酶在水相胶束中催化聚合取代酚类的研究。水相胶束中酶催化活力高，产物分子量均一；通过调节表面活笥剂和单体的浓度，可以有效地控制产物的分子量，从而建立了不同聚合度有机纳米材料酶促合成的新方法。产物具有较强的蓝紫色荧光及较好的耐热性能，是一种很有应用前景的蓝光材料。     

中性镍配合物催化的乙烯水相聚合

用水杨醛亚胺镍配合物作催化剂,加入含表面活性剂的水相体系中,研究了乙烯在水相中的催化聚合.研究表明:50℃时可得到稳定的聚乙烯胶乳,但胶乳的固含量和聚合活性均较低;室温下聚合活性和聚乙烯的分子量明显提高,甚至高于在甲苯中的聚合活性.乳化剂复配使用可提高乙烯水相聚合的活性.用1H-NMR、DSC、GPC、WAXD以及动态流变性能等对室温下聚合所得的聚乙烯进行了分析,表明其为高分子量线性聚乙烯,熔点为135℃、结晶度为60%.     

烯基取代的茂钛族络合物合成及应用于烯烃催化聚合的进展

综述了烯基取代基的茂钛族络合物的合成,取代基上双键的化学反应,以及它们在α－烯烃催化聚合上的最新进展。     

原子转移自由基聚合合成（甲基）丙烯酸酯类模型聚合物及其动力学…

本文采用一种新颖的活性自由基聚合－原子转移自由基聚合的方法，以１－溴代苯乙烯作为引发剂，过渡金属卤代物与配位剂络合物为催化体系，环己酮为溶剂，进行了甲基丙烯酸正丁酯和丙烯酸正丁酯的活性聚合。得到具有指定分子量和窄分子量分布的模型聚合物。计算并讨论了两聚合体系的ＡＴＲＰ的动力学数据。     

乙酰基丙酮络合物催化合成聚乳酸

以钕、钇、锌、铁、钴、镍六种乙酰基丙酮盐Ｍ（ＡｃＡｃ）ｎ成功地催化丙交酯开环聚合成聚乳酸。详细研究了上述乙酰基丙酮盐催化剂品种及其与单体摩尔比［Ｍ（ＡｃＡｃ）ｎ］／［ＬＡ］、温度和时间对聚合反应的影响。结果表明，使用这些催化剂都能得到高于９０％的高聚合转化率；而稀土催化剂在聚合转化率和聚乳酸分子量方面，均显示更好的催化性能；过高的聚合温度和过长的聚合时间会导致聚乳酸的分子量下降。Ｘ－衍射研究表明，以Ｎｄ（ＡｃＡｃ）３催化合成的聚乳酸为非晶聚合物。     

酶-有机金属催化合成阳离子聚己内酯

首先以4-甲酸苄基哌啶内酯（NPIL）为原料,采用钯碳（Pd-C）催化加氢脱保护的方法合成了4-哌啶内酯单体（PIL）;然后以苯甲醇为引发剂,分别采用酶（Novozym 435）和异辛酸亚锡（Sn（Oct）₂）催化己内酯（CL）和PIL开环聚合,制备了阳离子共聚物聚（4-哌啶内酯）-co-聚己内酯（P（PIL-co-CL））。通过核磁共振氢谱（¹H-NMR）、红外光谱（FT-IR）、凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）等方法对共聚物的结构组成、数均分子量以及热性能等进行了表征。结果表明：成功制备了阳离子聚合物P（PIL-co-CL）,相较于有机金属催化剂Sn（Oct）₂,固定化酶Novozym 435催化内酯开环聚合表现出聚合可控且无副反应的优点。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.