Combined effects of p53, p21, and pRb expression in the progression of bladder transitional cell carcinoma.

PURPOSE: To determine the combined effects of p53, p21, and pRb alterations in predicting the progression of bladder transitional cell carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: p53, p21, and pRb expression was examined immunohistochemically on archival radical cystectomy samples from 164 patients with invasive or high-grade recurrent superficial transitional cell carcinoma (TCC; lymph node-negative, 117 patients; lymph node-positive, 47 patients). Median follow-up was 8.6 years. Based on percentage of nuclear reactivity, p53 was considered as wild-type (0% to 10%) or altered (>10%); p21 was scored as wild-type (>10%) or altered (<10%); and pRb status was considered wild-type (1% to 50%) or altered (0% or >50%). RESULTS: As individual determinants, the p53, p21, and pRb status were independent predictors of time to recurrence (P<.001, P<.001, and P<.001, respectively), and overall survival (P<.001, P=.002, and P=.001, respectively). By examining these determinants in combination, patients were categorized as group I (no alteration in any determinant, 47 patients), group II (any one determinant altered, 51 patients), group III (any two determinants altered, 42 patients), and group IV (all three determinants altered, 24 patients). The 5-year recurrence rates in these groups were 23%, 32%, 57%, and 93%, respectively (log-rank P<.001), and the 5-year survival rates were 70%, 58%, 33%, and 8%, respectively (log-rank P<.001). After stratifying by stage, the number of altered proteins remained significantly associated with time to recurrence and overall survival. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that alterations in p53, p21, and pRb act in cooperative or synergistic ways to promote bladder cancer progression. Examining these determinants in combination provides additional information above the use of a single determinant alone.     

Loss of p16 expression is of prognostic significance in locally advanced prostate cancer: an analysis from the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group protocol 86-10.

PURPOSE: The retinoblastoma (RB) cell cycle regulatory pathway is known to be deregulated in virtually all known human tumors. The protein product of the RB gene, pRB, and its upstream regulator, p16, are among the most commonly affected members of this pathway. We investigated the prognostic significance of both pRB and p16 expression in locally advanced prostate cancers, from patients treated on the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) protocol 86-10. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-seven cases from RTOG 86-10 had immunohistochemically stained slides, judged interpretable for both p16 and pRB, available for analysis. Median follow-up was 8.9 years (range, 6.0 to 11.8 years) for surviving patients. Staining for each marker was then correlated with overall survival, local progression, distant metastasis, and disease-specific survival. RESULTS: Loss of p16 expression, as defined by expression was significantly associated with reduced overall survival (P =.039), disease-specific survival (P =.006), and higher risk of local progression (P =.0007) and distant metastasis (P =.026) in the univariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, loss of p16 was significantly associated with reduced disease-specific survival (P =.0078) and increased risk of local failure (P =.0035) and distant metastasis (P =.026). A borderline association with reduced overall survival (P =.07) was also evident. Loss of pRB was associated with improved disease-specific survival on univariate (P =.028) and multivariate analysis (P =.043), but carried no other significant outcome associations. CONCLUSION: Loss of p16 is significantly associated with adverse clinical outcome in cases of locally advanced prostate cancer.     

利用组织微阵列结合免疫组化法研究PTEN、P16、P21、P53在肺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

背景与目的:肺癌的发生与PTEN、p16、p21和p53突变或失表达有关。利用组织微阵列技术研究PTEN、P16、P21、P53在肺癌中表达报道较少见。本研究目的是检测肺癌中PTEN、P16、P21和P53蛋白表达及其与肺癌侵袭、转移、临床病理特征的关系。方法:利用组织微阵列技术结合免疫组化法检测PTEN、P16、P21和P53蛋白在100例肺癌组织和相应的癌旁组织中的表达。结果:肺癌组织中PTEN、P16、P21和P53蛋白的阳性率分别为31%(31/100)、38%(38/100)、42%(42/100)、53%(53/100),其癌旁组织中的阳性率分别为85%(85/100)、75%(75/100)、80%(80/100)、23%(23/100)。肺癌组织中PTEN、P16和P21蛋白阳性率显著低于其相应癌旁组织,而P53蛋白在癌组织中呈高表达,但癌旁组织呈低表达(P<0.05,P<0.01)。肺癌组织中PTEN与P21两者呈共同低表达(P<0.05)。PTEN、P16、P21和P53的表达与肺癌临床分期以及肺鳞癌和腺癌的病理分级有关(P<0.05,P<0.01)。有淋巴结转移者PTEN、P16和P21呈低表达而P53高表达(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:肺癌中存在PTEN、P16、P21蛋白的共同低表达和突变型P53蛋白高表达;PTEN、P16和P21低表达和突变型P53蛋白高表达与肺癌侵袭、转移有关。     

Correlation of abnormal RB, p16ink4a, and p53 expression with 3p loss of heterozygosity, other genetic abnormalities, and clinical features in 103 primary non-small cell lung cancers.

This study was performed to determine the frequency of inactivation and clinical correlates in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) of three known tumor suppressor genes [TSGs; RB, MTS1/CDKN2 (p16), and p53] and various regions of 3p loss of heterozygosity (LOH) as other major potential TSG sites. Paraffin sections from 103 resected NSCLCs were analyzed for expression of pRB, p16, and p53 by immunohistochemistry, whereas DNA from tumor and normal tissue were tested for LOH at 3p25-26, 3p21, and 3p14. Previously published LOH data for 5q, 11p, 17q, and 18q were also available. Loss of pRB or p16 expression and overexpression of p53 were considered abnormal. The immunohistochemical and LOH data were correlated with a variety of clinical parameters including stage, age, sex, smoking history, and survival. With respect to pRB, p16, and p53, the tumors could be grouped into four categories: normal for all three proteins (21%); abnormal for pRB or p16 and normal for p53 (30%); normal for pRB and p16 and abnormal for p53 (20%); and abnormal in both pathways (28%). Aberrant expression of pRB, p16, p53, and 3p LOH, either individually or in combination, was not associated with survival differences or any other clinical parameters, with the exception that pRB/pl6 abnormalities were more common in older patients (P = 0.0005). pRB and p16 expression showed a strong inverse correlation (P = 0.002), whereas there was no correlation between expression of pRB, p16, and p53. Abnormal expression of any of the three genes inversely correlated with K-ras codon 12 mutations (P = 0.004), but not with 3p LOH or LOH at other TSG loci. We conclude that resectable NSCLCs show distinct patterns of TSG inactivation, but that no clear clinical correlates exist either alone or in combination for pRB, p16, p53, and 3p abnormalities.     

p53、p16蛋白及增殖细胞核抗原与胃癌生物学行为的关系

目的　探讨p5 3、p16蛋白及增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)异常表达与胃癌生物学行为的关系。方法　应用免疫组化ABC法 ,对 95例胃癌进行p5 3、p16蛋白表达产物和PCNA进行检测。结果　胃癌组织中p5 3、p16、PCNA阳性率分别为 49 5 % ( 4 7/ 95 )、2 0 0 % ( 19/95 )、78 9% ( 75 / 95 )。p5 3蛋白、PCNA在进展期胃癌 ( 5 3 5 %、82 6% )淋巴结阳性胃癌 ( 5 9 3 %、86 4% )表达率均高于早期胃癌( 11 1%、44 4% )和淋巴结阴性胃癌 ( 3 3 3 %、66 7% ) (P <0 0 5 )。p5 3蛋白、PCNA在累及浆膜胃癌的表达率高于局限粘膜及粘膜下层胃癌 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1)。PCNA异常表达与胃癌组织学分型有关 (P <0 0 5 )。p16蛋白表达与胃癌大多数生物学行为无明显关系 ,但其在淋巴结阳性胃癌中的表达率 ( 11 9% )低于淋巴结阴性胃癌中的表达率 ( 3 3 3 % ) (P <0 0 5 )。p5 3阳性组织大多数伴PCNA阳性表达 (P <0 0 1)。结论　p5 3蛋白、PCNA异常表达在胃癌浸润转移过程及增殖中均起重要作用。p16蛋白表达缺失可能是胃癌淋巴结转移的重要促发因素。     

p53 and p21 Expression levels predict organ preservation and survival in invasive bladder carcinoma treated with a combined-modality approach

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the expression levels of p53, p21 and pRB as predictors of for long-term organ preservation and survival in patients with bladder carcinoma who were treated with bladder-sparing intent using a combined-modality approach. METHODS: Tumor samples from 82 consecutive patients with localized invasive bladder carcinoma treated on 3 different bladder-sparing studies were examined for p53, p21, and pRB expression by immunohistochemical methods. Treatment consisted of transurethral resection, platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and, according to response, either radiotherapy or radical cystectomy. The median follow-up duration was 55 months. RESULTS: Positive immunoreactivity for p53, p21, and pRB was observed in 47%, 52%, and 67% of patients, respectively. Positive p53 immunoreactivity and positive p21 immunoreactivity were independent predictors of decreased survival with bladder preservation (P = 0.02 and P = 0.02, respectively) and disease-free survival (DFS; P = 0.005 and P = 0.009, respectively) in a multivariate analysis adjusting for clinical stage, ureteral obstruction, and age. Regarding overall survival (OS), p53 overexpression was associated with poor outcome (P = 0.03), whereas the association of poor outcome with p21 expression did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.07). No association between pRB immunoreactivity and outcome was found. When the combined expression of p53 and p21 was assessed, the positive expression of both markers was a strong and unfavorable prognostic factor for survival with bladder preservation (P = 0.006), DFS (P = 0.003), and OS (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Expression levels of p53 and p21, especially when simultaneously assessed, exhibit independent predictive value for long-term bladder preservation and survival in patients with bladder carcinoma treated with combined-modality therapy. These determinations could be useful in the selection of candidates for bladder-preserving treatment.     

Phase II Trial of Adjuvant Gemcitabine plus Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Bladder Cancer

BackgroundDespite the general acceptance of gemcitabine/cisplatin in metastatic bladder cancer, its role and tolerability in the adjuvant setting, in which renal insufficiency is common, is unclear.Patients and MethodsA total of 39 patients with locally advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (T2-T4, N0-N2) were treated with 4 cycles of gemcitabine/cisplatin/amifostine after radical cystectomy. All toxicities were evaluated by the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria. Tumor samples were immunohistochemically stained for pRB, p53, and p16.ResultsThirty-five patients (90%) completed 4 cycles of chemotherapy. Eleven patients (28%) experienced grade 4 hematologic toxicity, and 14 patients (36%) experienced grade 3 nonhematologic toxicity. The median increase in creatinine was 0.3 mg/dL. With a median follow-up of 22.8 months (range, 7-70 months), 13 patients (33%) had recurrent disease, 1 patient at 6 years after completion of therapy. Twelve patients (31%) died, including 11 (28%) with recurrent disease. Thirtythree tumor blocks were evaluated for pRB, p53, and p16 alterations. In an exploratory analysis, altered expression of p53, p16, and pRB was found in 15 (45%), 22 (67%), and 30 patients (91%), respectively. No association between altered p53 and disease-free or overall survival was detected, but altered p16 and pRB expression was associated with better outcome (P ≤ 0.001).ConclusionGemcitabine/cisplatin with amifostine is tolerated in the adjuvant setting for patients with locally advanced bladder cancer. The favorable prognostic value of altered p16 and pRB raises the hypothesis of a relative beneficial effect of chemotherapy in this population but needs verification in other studies.     

宫颈上皮癌变过程中bcl-2、c-erbB2和p53蛋白的表达

背景与目的:宫颈上皮癌变分子生物学方面的研究报道较少,本研究拟探讨抗凋亡基因bcl-2、癌基因c-erbB2和抑癌基因p53表达在宫颈上皮癌发生发展中的意义。方法:应用免疫组化SP法检测48例宫颈鳞癌、42例宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(cervicalintraepithelialneoplasia,CIN)和20例正常宫颈组织中bcl-2、c-erbB2和p53蛋白的表达情况。结果:bcl-2、c-erbB2和p53在宫颈鳞癌、CIN和正常宫颈组织中阳性率分别为72.9%(35/48)、60.4%(29/48)、58.3%(28/48);61.9%(26/42)、38.1%(16/42)、26.2%(11/42);20.0%(4/20)、0.0%(0/20)、0.0%(0/20)。bcl-2在鳞癌、CIN中的表达与正常组织相比差异有显著性(P<0.001),而鳞癌组与CIN组之间的差异无显著性(P>0.05);c-erbB2和p53在鳞癌、CIN与正常组织中的表达有显著性差异(P<0.05);bcl-2、c-erbB2和p53在CIN3组与CIN和CIN2组相比差异有显著性(P<0.05)。bcl-2和p53表达与组织学类型、病理分级及临床分期有关(P<0.05)。bcl-2的表达随病理分级升高和临床分期进展而降低,而与淋巴结转移无关(P>0.05);p53表达结果与之相反;c-erbB2表达与组织学类型、病理分级、临床分期和淋巴结转移无关(P>0.05)。结论:在宫颈上皮癌变过程中,bcl-2过表达是宫颈癌发生的早期事件;c-erbB2过表达是细胞恶性变的标     

Phase II trial of adjuvant gemcitabine plus cisplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced bladder cancer

Background

Despite the general acceptance of gemcitabine/cisplatin in metastatic bladder cancer, its role and tolerability in the adjuvant setting, in which renal insufficiency is common, is unclear.

Patients and Methods

A total of 39 patients with locally advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (T2-T4, N0-N2) were treated with 4 cycles of gemcitabine/cisplatin/amifostine after radical cystectomy. All toxicities were evaluated by the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria. Tumor samples were immunohistochemically stained for pRB, p53, and p16.

Results

Thirty-five patients (90%) completed 4 cycles of chemotherapy. Eleven patients (28%) experienced grade 4 hematologic toxicity, and 14 patients (36%) experienced grade 3 nonhematologic toxicity. The median increase in creatinine was 0.3 mg/dL. With a median follow-up of 22.8 months (range, 7-70 months), 13 patients (33%) had recurrent disease, 1 patient at 6 years after completion of therapy. Twelve patients (31%) died, including 11 (28%) with recurrent disease. Thirtythree tumor blocks were evaluated for pRB, p53, and p16 alterations. In an exploratory analysis, altered expression of p53, p16, and pRB was found in 15 (45%), 22 (67%), and 30 patients (91%), respectively. No association between altered p53 and disease-free or overall survival was detected, but altered p16 and pRB expression was associated with better outcome (P ≤ 0.001).

Conclusion

Gemcitabine/cisplatin with amifostine is tolerated in the adjuvant setting for patients with locally advanced bladder cancer. The favorable prognostic value of altered p16 and pRB raises the hypothesis of a relative beneficial effect of chemotherapy in this population but needs verification in other studies.     

p53 overexpression as a prognostic factor for advanced stage bladder cancer

Overexpression of the TP53 gene protein detected by immunohistochemistry appears to identify those patients with superficial bladder cancer at risk of the development of muscle invasive or metastatic disease. However, the role of p53 overexpression in patients with advanced or metastatic bladder cancer is not yet well established. In the present study, 44 specimens from 44 patients with advanced stage bladder tumours (T₂–T₄) undergoing radical cystectomy were investigated for different biological and clinical characteristics as possible prognostic factors: sex, age, depth of tumour infiltration, T-stage, histological grade, lymph node status, application of adjuvant systemic chemotherapy (MVAC), proliferative activity (staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) by monoclonal antibody (PC10) as well as overexpression of the p53 oncoprotein (monoclonal antibody pAb 1801)). After a median follow-up of 22 months, 16 of the 23 patients (70%) with more than 40% of tumour cells stained positively for p53 (Group B) died from tumour progression compared with 7 of the 21 patients (33%) with less than 40% of tumour cells positive for p53. During univariate analysis, p53 overexpression (P = 0.008), staining for PCNA (80% of cells positive) (P = 0.01) and tumour stage (P = 0.01) were significant prognostic factors for survival, among which p53 overexpression (P = 0.023) as well as T-stage (P = 0.012) remained independent significant predictors during multivariate analysis. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the independent prognostic potential of p53 overexpression in patients with advanced bladder cancer. The availability of more refined prognostic factors should assist decision making regarding the value of more aggressive treatment options, such as adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy, for prognostically defined subgroups of patients.     

乳腺癌组织中PTEN和p27kip1蛋白的表达及其相互关系

目的:探讨PTEN和p27kip1在乳腺癌组织中的表达规律及其相互关系。方法:采用免疫组化SP法检测64例乳腺癌组织中PTEN和p27kip1蛋白的表达。结果:乳腺癌组织PTEN(34/64)和p27kip1(33/64)蛋白表达显著低于正常乳腺组织(15/15),P值分别为0·0082和0·0078。有腋淋巴结转移、远处转移及ER阴性组PTEN表达分别为13/33、3/11和16/38,明显低于无腋淋巴结转移(21/31)、无远处转移(31/53)和ER阳性组(18/26),P值分别为0·0240、0·0063和0·03475。p27kip1在乳腺癌有腋淋巴结转移、远处转移及ER阴性组的表达分别为7/33、2/11和8/38,明显低于无腋淋巴结转移(15/31)、无远处转移(20/53)和ER阳性组(14/26),P值分别为0·0230、0·0440和0·0071。两者表达均与肿瘤大小无关。两种蛋白表达水平具有显著的相关性,P=0·0041。结论:PTEN、p27kip1表达异常与乳腺癌转移及恶性程度密切相关,两种基因蛋白表达强度一致,显示其在乳腺癌演进中具有协同作用。     

人非小细胞肺癌组织p63和p73的表达及意义

目的 :探讨p5 3家族新成员p6 3和p73在非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC)中的表达及其临床意义。方法 :利用免疫组化S P法对 6 0例NSCLC和 7例正常肺组织检测p6 3和p73基因的蛋白表达。结果 :在NSCLC中 ,p6 3和p73蛋白表达的阳性率分别为 80 0 % (4 8/ 6 0 )、73 3% (4 4/ 6 0 ) ;与正常肺组织相比 ,p6 3和p73蛋白阳性表达的差异均有显著意义 ,P <0 0 5。p6 3蛋白表达与肺癌组织学类型 (P =0 0 0 0 3)和淋巴结转移有关 ,P =0 0 2 8;而与分化程度和临床分期无关 ,P >0 0 5。p73蛋白表达与肺癌组织学类型、淋巴结转移、分化程度和临床分期均无关 ,P >0 0 5。在肺癌中 ,p6 3蛋白和p73蛋白表达之间呈显著正相关 ,P =0 0 0 0 1。结论 :p6 3和p73高水平的表达协同促进肺癌的形成 ,p6 3是肺鳞癌恶性进展的一个标志物。     

The relation between p53 overexpression and lymph node metastases in clinical stage t2 and t3a transitional cell bladder carcinoma

Mutant p53 protein overexpression is generally associated with poorly differentiated invasive bladder tumors. The survival in such cases is also expected to be poor. The objective of the present study was to determine whether immunohistochemical staining for p53 was predictive of lymph node metastases in early muscle invasive transitional cell bladder cancer. Immunohistochemical staining for mutant p53 was performed on formalin fixed transurethral resection specimens of 31 patients who underwent radical cystectomy. Eleven tumors were grade II and 20 tumors were grade III. There were 16 stage T2 and 15 stage T3a tumors. Staining with p53 was categorised as positive if distinct nuclear staining was observed in > or = 20% of the cells. Results were compared according to grade, stage (T2 versus T3a) and lymph node metastases. Seventeen tumors (55%) were positive for mutant p53. Eleven cases had lymph node metastases which could not be assessed preoperatively. The distribution of p53 positive rate between grade II and grade III cases, and T2 and T3a tumors was not different. All the 11 patients with lymph node metastases had positive tumors for p53. We assume that p53 positive rate can be used to distinguish high risk patients for lymph node metastasis. Patients with stage T2 or T3a and p53 positive bladder cancer should be considered for early aggressive treatment options.     

p53、p16、增生细胞核抗原蛋白表达在食管癌术后放化疗选择中的意义

 【摘要】　目的　探讨食管癌p53、p16、增生细胞核抗原（PCNA）蛋白表达及其与患者病理临床特征的相关性，为食管癌患者术后放射治疗和（或）化疗的选择提供依据 。方法　选择初治食管癌病例118例，对手术切除标本，用免疫组织化学染色SP法进行p53、p16、PCNA蛋白测定。结果　118例食管癌中，p53、 p16、PCNA蛋白阳性表达分别为80 %、42 %、97 %，p53、PCNA蛋白表达与患者的性别、病变部位、肿瘤分化程度、浸润深度、有无淋巴结转移均无相关性；而p16蛋白与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移有密切相关性（P＜0.01）； p53、PCNA蛋白同时表达70 %，亦与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移密切相关（P＜0.05和P＜0.01）。结论　在食管癌组织中，突变p53与PCNA蛋白表达，二者与患者的性别、病变部位、分化程度、浸润深度、淋巴结转移均无关，不作为独立预后判断因素。食管癌p53、PCNA蛋白同时表达与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移密切相关，其与p16失活可视为危险预后因素，应行术后放射治疗和（或）化疗。     

mtp53、p16、Bcl-2蛋白表达与肺癌临床病理关系的研究

目的　探讨mtp53、p16、Bcl2的异常表达与肺癌发生、发展之间的关系。方法　用免疫组化法对114例肺癌组织中mtp53、p16、Bcl2蛋白的表达进行半定量研究,并以14例正常肺组织作对照。结果　mtp53蛋白阳性表达率与肺癌组织学类型和组织学分级无明显关系(P>0.05),与淋巴结转移有密切关系(P<0.05)。p16蛋白阳性表达率与肺癌细胞分化程度和淋巴结转移有密切关系(P<0.05),但与肺癌组织学类型无明显关系(P>0.05)。Bcl2蛋白阳性表达率在小细胞肺癌显著高于非小细胞肺癌(P<0.05)。结论　mtp53、p16、Bcl2在肺癌发生、发展过程中起重要的调控作用     

Predictive significance of the alterations of p16INK4A, p14ARF, p53, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in the progression of cervical cancer.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this research was to evaluate the clinical significance of p16INK4A, p14ARF, p53, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in tumor progression of cervical cancer. DESIGN: Seventeen patients (40 samples) with consecutive cervical lesions from normal squamous epithelium, inflammation of the cervix to cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN) and invasive cervical squamous cell cancer (SCC), or from CIN to SCC were collected for this study. Expression of p16INK4A, p14ARF, p53, and PCNA were detected by immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded sections. Human papillomavirus DNA was detected simultaneously with PCR and typed according to its DNA sequence. RESULTS: p16INK4A overexpression was significantly higher in CIN (75%) and in SCC (75%) than in normal or inflammation of the cervix (12.5%; P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively). The positive rate of p14ARF expression was higher in SCC (83%) than in normal/inflammation of the cervix (25%; P < 0.05). PCNA expression was negative in normal or inflammation of the cervix, but an increased in expression was seen in 63.2% in CIN and 100% in SCC (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). When the time interval for disease progression from initial biopsy to CIN 3 or invasive cancer was compared with states of p16INK4A expression, cases stained positive for p16INK4A progressed within 64.2 months as compared with 122.3 months among those stained negatively (P < 0.01). Cases with increased p14ARF expression also had a short time interval for disease progression of 78.8 months as compared with 108.3 months in cases that were p14ARF negative. Cases with stable or decreased p53 expression had the shortest time interval for progression of 32.3 months in contrast to cases with no p53 expression (113.9 months). However, cases with increasing p53 expression progressed within 60.8 months. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that altered states of p16INK4A, p14ARF, p53, and PCNA may be valuable markers to predict the progression of cervical neoplasia.     

乳腺癌C—erBb—2、p53、ER和PR表达及意义

目的 分析研究C-erBb-2、p53、ER和PR在乳腺癌中的表达与转移及预后关系。方法用免疫组化法测定192例原发乳腺癌各抗体的表达情况。结果 C-erBb-2阳性率为39.1％(75/192),p53阳性率为32.3％(62/192),ER阳性率为47.9％(92/192),PR阳性率为54.2％(104/192)。C-erBb-2、p53随临床分期的递增和淋巴结转移数目的增多,其阳性表达率随之增加,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。ER和PR的阳性表达率则与C-erBb-2、p53呈负相关,但差异无显著性(P>0.05)。C-erBb-2、p53共同阳性表达与淋巴结转移差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论 C-erBb-2、p53是判断乳腺癌预后的有效指标。ER、PR与临床分期、淋巴结转移有一定关系,但不十分明显。     

食管鳞癌p16和p53蛋白的表达及其意义

目的 :探讨 p16、p5 3蛋白在食管鳞癌 (ESC)中的表达及其意义。方法 :利用 S- P法检测 5 6例 ESC中 p16和 p5 3蛋白的表达。结果 :5 6例食管鳞癌中 ,p16蛋白表达阳性 2 1例 ,占 37.5 % ,p5 3蛋白表达阳性 35例 ,占 6 2 .5 % ,p16和 p5 3蛋白表达与肿瘤分化程度关系密切 ,随分化程度的降低 ,p16蛋白阳性率逐渐降低 (P<0 .0 2 5 ) ,p5 3蛋白阳性率逐渐增加 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,p16阳性表达组 p5 3表达显著低于 p16阴性组 (P<0 .0 1) ,且与淋巴结转移有一定的关系。结论 :联合检测食管鳞癌组织中 p16和 p5 3蛋白的表达有助于综合判断食管鳞癌的恶性程度和转移潜能。     

CD44V6、nm23蛋白、p53的表达与胃癌淋巴结转移关系的研究

目的探讨CD44V6、nm23蛋白、p53的过度表达与胃癌生物学行为及淋巴结转移的关系。方法应用免疫组化SP法对82例胃癌标本进行CD44V6、nm23蛋白、p53的测定。结果胃癌中CD44V6、nm23蛋白、p53阳性率分别为61.0%、56.1%、68.3%;CD44V6、p53过度表达及nm23低表达与淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05)。胃癌中CD44V6和nm23表达呈负相关(P<0.05)。CD44V6的表达与p53的表达之间有显著相关(P<0.05)。结论CD44V6、nm23蛋白、p53在胃癌中的表达与胃癌的淋巴结转移密切相关,CD44V6与nm23蛋白和p53表达在胃癌淋巴结转移中起协同作用。可为临床预测转移和估计预后提供重要参考指标。