Oral inverted ductal papilloma

A case of oral inverted ductal papilloma that appeared on the lower lip of a 44-year-old man is described. A literature review and discussion of the histopathologic features and histogenesis of this uncommon lesion of minor salivary gland origin are also presented.     

Denture hyperplasia with areas simulating oral inverted ductal papilloma

Denture hyperplasia is a reactive lesion of the oral mucosa, usually associated to an ill-fitting denture. This lesion is easily diagnosed and in some cases distinct microscopic variations such as osseous, oncocytic and squamous metaplasia may be found. These metaplastic alterations probably are associated with the lymphocytic infiltrate usually present in denture hyperplasia. We present a case of denture hyperplasia containing salivary gland tissue with ductal alterations mimicking an oral inverted ductal papilloma.     

Analysis of HPV 16 and 18 by in situ hybridization in oral papilloma of HIV+ patients

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection facilitates the development of other infections and lesions including oral papilloma, which has been associated with human papillomavirus (HPV). In analyzing the presence of HPV 16 and 18 by in situ hybridization in oral papillomas from five HIV+ male dental patients, HPV 16 and 18 were observed in 9 of 16 (52.2%) histopathologic specimens. All positive lesions occurred in heterosexual males admitting to oral sexual contact with a female partner (Pearson's correlation; p = 0.0088). These results suggest that oral sexual behavior may be a contributing factor in the presence of HPV 16 and 18 in oral papilloma.     

Sinonasal carcinoma associated with inverted papilloma: a report of 16 cases

ObjectivesTo analyse the characteristics and outcome of patients with carcinoma associated with inverted papilloma, and find predictors of associated malignancy.MethodsThe medical records of 228 patients who were diagnosed with IP between January 1990 and December 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Out of 228 patients, 16 were also diagnosed with carcinoma. We evaluated their clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, and survival outcomes.ResultsThe incidence of carcinoma associated with IP was 7.0%. Fourteen were synchronous carcinomas and two were metachronous. Tumours arising inside the frontal sinus or the frontoethmoidal recess were more likely to be associated with carcinoma. Patients who had a stage of T2 or less had a much better outcome than those who had a stage of T3 or greater (disease-free period, 84.8 months vs. 5.7 months, p < 0.001).ConclusionTumours originating in the frontal sinus or frontoethmoidal recess have a tendency to be associated with carcinoma. As most (87.5%) of the carcinomas were diagnosed at the same time as the inverted papilloma, complete histological examination of the whole excised tumour is warranted because early diagnosis and treatment is essential as T2 and lower stage carcinomas had a strikingly better prognosis than T3 and higher stage carcinomas.     

Oral manifestations in untreated HIV patient

AIDS-related lesions have decreased significantly since the advent of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). We describe an untreated, homeless 44-year-old male with a six-year history of HIV who presented himself with Kaposi sarcoma, candidiasis, scrofula and a generalized severe periodontitis. This report highlights the importance of identifying and diagnosing AIDS-related oral lesions seen in an untreated HIV-positive patient.     

Oral histoplasmosis associated with HIV infection: a comparative study

OBJECTIVE: Histoplasmosis is a granulomatous fungal disease caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. The objective of the present paper was to describe the prevalence of oral histoplasmosis (OH) in two services from an endemic area in Argentina between 1991 and 2002 and to compare the clinicopathological profile of OH between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients. METHODS: About 733 HIV+ (group A) and 14 260 patients (group B) were examined. Clinical diagnosis was confirmed by cytology, biopsy or culture. RESULTS: About 21 (3%) and 10 (0.07%) cases of OH were diagnosed in group A and B respectively. Most patients were male. A total of 90% of patients in group A were <45 years old whereas 70% of group B were more than 45 years old. Palate, gingiva and oropharynx were the most frequent locations. The importance of including histoplasmosis in the differential diagnosis of ulcerated oral lesions in immunocompromised patients was discussed.     

Oral histoplasmosis in a patient infected with HIV: A case report

Histoplasmosis is a frequent complication of HIV infection and is usually the result of reactivation. In the immunocompromised host, histoplasmosis may cause a chronic pulmonary infection or disseminated disease. In the setting of disseminated disease, oral lesions are present in 30% to 50% of patients and may occur in almost every part of the oral mucosa. The most common sites are the tongue, palate, and buccal mucosa. In some cases, oral lesions appear to be the primary or only manifestation of disease. We have been able to find only five case reports in the literature of histoplasmosis in HIV infection with oral lesions. In two of the cases, histoplasmosis was apparently localized to the oral cavity, whereas two cases also had evidence of disseminated disease, the fifth was undetermined. We report one such case of apparently localized oral histoplasmosis in a patient with HIV infection.     

Oral Kaposi sarcoma development is associated with HIV viral load,CD4+ count and CD4+/CD8+ ratio

Background Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is an uncommon, multifocal and angioproliferative lesion, which demonstrates a poor prognosis. The aim of the present research was to explore the association of HIV viral load, CD4+ and CD8+ counts and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio on the risk of oral Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) development.Material and Methods A total of 62 patients were retrieved from March 2008 to October 2020 from the files of two oral pathology centres. Clinical, laboratory and follow-up data were retrieved from their medical files. Poisson regression was used to explore the role of history of immunosuppression and its association with oral KS development. A P-value <0.05 was considered significant.Results Sixty-two patients were included in the present study (32 with oral KS and 30 with no presentation of lesions anywhere on the body). Patients with oral KS presented a mean age of 32.6 years, and male patients were more affected. The hard palate (15 cases; 46.8%) was the main anatomical site affected. The lesions were mostly presented as swellings (13 cases; 40.6%) and nodules (12 cases; 37.5%). Systemic manifestations were also observed, including candidiasis (4 cases; 12.5%), bacterial infection (3 cases; 9.3%), tuberculosis (3 cases; 9.3%), herpes simplex (3 cases; 9.3%) and pneumonia (3 cases; 9.3%). A significant correlation was observed between HIV viral load, CD4+ count and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio with oral KS development.Conclusions HIV viral load, CD4+ count and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio are associated with oral KS development. Key words:Cancer, oral, Kaposi’s sarcoma, diagnostic.     

Oral histoplasmosis in an HIV-negative patient

Histoplasmosis is a deep mycosis caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, which has been found in soil with accumulated excreta of bats and birds. This disease has variable clinical findings with only pulmonary or systemic involvement. Upper aerodigestive lesions are found mainly associated with systemic disease, affecting particularly patients with immunosuppression conditions mainly caused by HIV. However, it is uncommon in immunocompetent patients. This report describes a case of oro-laryngeal-esophageal histoplasmosis in a HIV-seronegative patient without detectable systemic involvement.     

Oral manifestations associated with HIV infection: evaluation, assessment, and significance

During the course of HIV disease, oral lesions frequently are the initial manifestation of underlying immune deterioration. Typically, these lesions are readily accessible and lend themselves to being examined. Therefore, it is important to perform oral examinations routinely both in dental and medical settings. The recognition and treatment of these early signs of immune suppression may have a significant impact on the survival and the quality of life of HIV-infected patients. This article briefly discusses the HIV epidemic and common intraoral manifestations associated with HIV disease progression.     

Oral mucosal changes in women with genital HPV infection

Sixty different types of human papillomavirus (HPV) are currently recognized. Of these, HPV types 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 11, 13, 16, 18, 30, 32 and 57 have been identified in oral squamous cell lesions. The prevalence and incidence of clinical HPV infections of oral mucosa are incompletely established, and the figures on subclinical and latent infections are completely lacking. Similarly, no data exist on transmission of oral HPV infections. A long-term prospective follow-up study was started to assess the oral mucosal changes related to HPV infection in women with genital HPV infections. The aim was to elucidate whether genital HPV infections predispose the oral mucosa to this virus. This study reports the clinical, histologic and cytologic findings of oral mucosa as related to the genital status of 334 women prospectively followed-up in Kuopio University Central Hospital since 1981. At the time of examination, 5% presented with hand warts. Clinical wart in oral cavity was found in three patients (0.9%) only. Oral mucosa was clinically normal in 207 of 334 (62%) patients examined. Biopsies (n = 255) were taken from the buccal mucosa beneath the linea alba and above the sulcus in the region of the first molar, or from a lesion whenever present. Cytologic scrapings were taken from both sides of the buccal mucosa. Koilocytes were found in 0.9% of the cytologic scrapings, and in 9.4% of the biopsies. Altogether, four squamous cell papillomas and five flat condylomas were found in the biopsies. Morphologic changes suggestive for HPV were present in 25 biopsies. Hyperkeratosis proved to be a frequent finding (34%) in these biopsies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Oral leishmaniasis and Kaposi's sarcoma in an AIDS patient

In the Mediterranean basin area, visceral leishmaniasis is an endemic disease caused by Leishnninia donovant infantum. This study describes the clinical and pathological features of one patient with AIDS who had oral (tonsillar) leishmaniasis, caused by a viscerotropic zymodcme, concurrent with a Kaposi's sarcoma and with a CMV infection.     

Oral condyloma acuminatum A Case Report with Light Microscopic and Ultrastructural Features

Abstract A case of intraoral condyloma acuminatum with clinical, light microscopic, and ultrastructural features is presented. The presence of intranuclear virus particles is demonstrated by electron microscopy. To the best of our knowledge, the presence of viruses has not previously been reported in the oral lessions of this disease.     

Oral lesions of iatrogenic and undefined etiology and neurologic disorders associated with HIV infection.

A review of a miscellaneous group of oral mucosal disorders in the setting of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus is presented. Included is a discussion of oral lesions of iatrogenic and undefined etiology and neurologic disorders. Mechanisms of pathogenesis, including possible common pathways and relationships to underlying immunosuppression, are emphasized.     

Oral Geotrichum candidum infection associated with HIV infection. A case report.

Infections with Geotrichum species, although rare, are sometimes seen in immunocompromised hosts. We report a case of oral geotrichosis in a patient seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus who had erythematous mandibular and maxillary gingiva but was otherwise free of any active systemic disease. Geotrichum candidum was shown by both culture and histopathology to be present in the lesion and was deduced to be the causative organism. The patient responded well to several weeks of treatment involving oral topical administration of nystatin vaginal tablets.