悬雍垂腭咽成形术对OSAHS患者咽喉反流的影响

目的探讨悬雍垂腭咽成形术(uvulopalatopharyngoplasty,UPPP)对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)患者咽喉反流(layrngopharyngeal relfux, LPR)的影响。方法对62例确诊为OSAHS的患者行UPPP手术,分别在术前、术后6个月时填写反流症状指数(reflux symptom index,RSI)和反流体征评分(reflux fineling score,RFS)量表,比较患者手术前后的症状及RSI、RFS评分结果。结果术后6个月时,患者睡眠打鼾、呼吸暂停和白天嗜睡等症状较术前均有明显改善。术前RSI>13分和/或RFS>7分的患者共24例(38.71%,24/62),术后6个月仅5例(8.06%,51/62)。术后6个月时,RSI和RFS量表总分较术前显著降低(P<0.01),除了吞咽困难和肉芽肿2个分项外,其余各分项评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 UPPP手术可明显缓解OSAHS患者咽喉反流症状。     

Mapping Regional Laryngopharyngeal Mechanoreceptor Response

Objectives

To map mechanoreceptor response in various regions of the laryngopharynx.

Methods

Five patients with suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux and six healthy control subjects underwent stimulation of mechanoreceptors in the hypopharynx, interarytenoid area, arytenoids, aryepiglottic folds, and pyriform sinuses. The threshold stimuli evoking sensation and eliciting laryngeal adductor reflex were recorded.

Results

In controls, an air pulse with 2 mmHg pressure evoked mechanoreceptor response in all regions, except bilateral aryepiglottic folds of one control. In patients, stimulus intensity to elicit mechanoreceptor response ranged between 2 mmHg and 10 mmHg and varied among the regions. Air pulse intensity differed between right and left sides of laryngopharyngeal regions in the majority of patients.

Conclusion

Laryngopharyngeal mechanoreceptor response was uniform among regions and subjects in the healthy group. Patients with suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux showed inter- and intra-regional variations in mechanoreceptor response. Laryngopharyngeal sensory deficit in patients with suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux is not limited to aryepiglottic folds.     

反流性咽喉病患者嗓音声学特征分析

目的观察反流性咽喉病(laryngopharyngeal reflux disease,LPRD)患者的嗓音声学特征。方法对耳鼻咽喉科门诊就诊的反流症状指数(reflux symptom index,RSI)量表评分总分≥13分的45例LPRD患者和36例正常成人进行硬管喉镜检查,并用德国XION DIVAS嗓音测试分析系统对两组受试者的持续元音信号进行检测分析,计算嗓音障碍指数(dysphonia severity index,DSI),比较两组结果,并分析LPRD患者RSI量表评分及声嘶症状评分与DSI值的相关性。结果 45例LPRD患者RSI评分均值为17.7±5.15分,喉镜检查表现为杓状软骨区红斑、充血、水肿、糜烂、溃疡,声门后区增生肥厚、肉芽肿和声带水肿、肥厚;LPRD组的基频微扰(jitter)及振幅微扰(shimmer)均值比正常对照组增高,最长发声时间(MPT)和DSI的均值LPRD组较正常对照组降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。LPRD患者DSI值与RSI量表评分和声嘶症状评分呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.344和-0.447(P<0.05)。结论 LPRD患者可出现嗓音异常,提示反流性咽喉病可能导致声带病理改变而造成嗓音损害。     

Image analysis of interarytenoid area to detect cases of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux: An objective method

Purpose

To diagnose Laryngopharyngeal Reflux by observing colour (Red, Green, Blue) at the interarytenoid area during 70° laryngeal endoscopy.

Open-Label Observational Study for Evaluating the Short-term Benefits of Rabeprazole Medication on Laryngopharyngeal Reflux

Objectives

The aims of this study were to determine the benefits of short-term empirical proton pump inhibitor (PPI) medication on laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) and to determine whether scores on the reflux symptom index (RSI) and the reflux finding score (RFS) could be combined to identify subgroups of patients that will more likely to improve with this medication.

Methods

Fifty-one Korean Otolaryngology Board-certified specialists joined this prospective, multi-center, and open-label observational study. A total of 1,142 adult patients with LPR was enrolled for 12 weeks of rabeprazol medication. According to pre-treatment scores on RSI and RFS, patients were divided into 4 subgroups. RFS and RSI were measured repeatedly with a month interval along the treatment period. Changes of RSI and RFS were analyzed in an overall study cohort as well as in each subgroup.

Results

Approximately 40% (n=455) of enrolled patients were followed up until 12 weeks of PPI treatment. Significant improvement in RSI was obtained in 29%, 58%, and 75% of patients after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of PPI medication. RFS was improved in 16%, 42%, and 57% of the patients with 4, 8, and 12 weeks of PPI medication. All subgroups showed improvement regardless of their pre-treatment scores on the RSI and RFS.

Conclusion

Even though RSI and RFS may be used as a general guideline for LPR management, pre-treatment RSI and RFS are not useful in predicting the patients'' response to short-term PPI medication in the usual pattern of practice for LPR, which is mostly based on the physical evaluation and history taking.     

下食管括约肌球囊扩张建立咽喉反流性疾病兔模型

目的 探讨通过下食管括约肌(lower esophageal sphincter,LES)扩张建立咽喉反流性疾病(laryngo-phyngeal reflux disease,LPRD)模型的可行性.方法 18只新西兰白兔随机分为实验组10只和对照组8只,对实验组动物进行L ES测压定位后,使用球囊对L ES进行注水...     

Therapeutic Effect of Multilevel Surgery on Laryngopharyngeal Reflux in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients: Impact on the Reflux Symptom Index and Reflux Finding Score

Objectives.Our previous study found that multilevel obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) surgery mitigated laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) symptoms in terms of the reflux symptom index (RSI), but no studies have investigated the impact of OSA surgery on laryngoscopic parameters. The aim of this study was to examine the clinical outcome of LPR improvement following OSA surgery, with a focus on both the RSI and the reflux finding score (RFS).Methods.Prospectively collected data from 28 patients who underwent multilevel OSA surgery from 2017 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were asked to complete the RSI questionnaire and underwent a laryngoscopic examination to evaluate the RFS before and after surgery. Age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and polysomnography data before and after surgery were also reviewed.Results.After surgery, the total RSI and RFS decreased significantly from 11.96±8.40 to 7.68±6.82 (P=0.003) and from 6.57±3.49 to 3.21±1.87 (P<0.001). The positive rates of RSI and RFS decreased from 28.6% to 17.9% and 32.1% to 0%, respectively. Significant improvements were found in the RSI subdomains of throat clearing, throat mucus, breathing difficulty, troublesome cough, and heartburn sensation, while all RFS subdomains except granuloma improved significantly. In subgroup analyses, no significant differences were found between subgroups based on age, OSA severity, or BMI.Conclusion.OSA surgery has the potential to alleviate both LPR symptoms and laryngoscopic results. Additional research integrating more objective techniques and novel treatment strategies is required to better comprehend the clinical impact of OSA surgery on LPR.     

Laryngopharyngeal reflux finding scores correlate with gastroesophageal reflux disease and Helicobacter pylori expression

Conclusion. The expression of Helicobacter pylori (HP) positivity and degree of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) correlate with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). HP positivity and degree of GERD were more adverse in patients with a reflux finding score (RFS) of 7 or more. Objective. We aimed to investigate the relationship between RFS and inflammation of the lower part of the esophagus as well as RFS and HP infection. Patients and methods. Forty-five consecutive patients were analyzed prospectively. The degree of LPR was evaluated using the RFS method. The degree of GERD, lower esophageal mucosal inflammation, and antral HP positivity were evaluated using endoscopic surveys. Results. The mean RFS of the whole population was 11.5±4.4. The mean RFS of patients who had lower esophageal mucosal inflammation was 7±0.1, 8.1±1.3, 13.9±3.7, and 16.6±3.5, for grades A, B, C and D, respectively. The RFS of patients according to HP expression was as follows: 7.2±0.4, 9.3±3.07, 12.7±3.16, and 17.8±2.1, for normal (score 0), score I, score II, and score III, respectively.     

Laryngopharyngeal reflux in obstructive sleep apnoea patients: Literature review and meta-analysis

Purpose

Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a frequent condition in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) patients and different studies have been published in the last years about this topic. A review of the published literature regarding LPR in OSA patients has been reported. A meta-analysis to evaluate the incidence of LPR in OSA patients and correlate LPR positivity with OSA patients' characteristics has been performed.

Laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms improve before changes in physical findings

BACKGROUND: Patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) undergoing treatment appear to have improvement in symptoms before the complete resolution of the laryngeal findings. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether patients with LPR experience an improvement in symptoms before the complete resolution of the laryngeal findings. METHODOLOGY: Forty consecutive patients with LPR documented by double-probe pH monitoring were evaluated prospectively. Symptom response to therapy with proton pump inhibitors was assessed at 2, 4, and 6 months of treatment with a self-administered reflux symptom index (RSI). In addition, transnasal fiberoptic laryngoscopy (TFL) was performed and a reflux finding score (RFS) was determined for each patient at each visit. RESULTS: The mean RSI at entry was 19.3 (+/- 8.9 standard deviation) and it improved to 13.9 (+/- 8.8) at 2 months of treatment (P <.05). No further significant improvement was noted at 4 months (13.1 +/- 9.8) or 6 months (12.2 +/- 8.1) of treatment. The RFS at entry was 11.5 (+/- 5.2), and it improved to 9.4 (+/- 4.7) at 2 months, 7.3 (+/- 5.5) at 4 months, and 6.1 (+/- 5.2) after 6 months of treatment (P <.05 with trend). CONCLUSIONS: Symptoms of LPR improve over 2 months of therapy. No significant improvement in symptoms occurs after 2 months. This preliminary report demonstrates that the physical findings of LPR resolve more slowly than the symptoms and this continues throughout at least 6 months of treatment. These data imply that the physical findings of LPR are not always associated with patient symptoms, and that treatment should continue for a minimum of 6 months or until complete resolution of the physical findings.     

咽喉反流与耳鼻咽喉科疾病

咽喉反流是造成咽异物感、声嘶等多种上呼吸道相关症状的重要原因之一,且与诸多耳鼻咽喉头颈外科疾病的发病相关,正逐步成为耳鼻咽喉科医师关注的热点。目前的文献报道咽喉反流与喉部疾病相关,还与鼻窦炎、中耳炎、睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征等密切相关,其诊断与治疗等方面仍存在相当多的争议。目前国内咽喉疾病专家正在共识的基础上进一步努力,共同制定出国人的咽喉反流性疾病的诊疗标准化指南和疗效评价体系,开展多中心的临床研究,使咽喉反流的诊断和治疗规范化。     

反流性喉炎的临床观察

目的探讨胃食管反流病与反流性喉炎（refluxlaryngitis,RL）之间的关系。方法对55例RL患者进行详细的病史采集,分别行电子喉镜、上消化道内镜、x线钡餐拍片,嗓音声学分析等检查,并给予抑-酸抗反流治疗。结果RL患者多表现为咽喉部不适和异物感（89．1％）、慢性咳嗽（36．4％）、声音嘶哑（20％）、喉痛（18．2％）,严重者甚至引起误吸、喉痉挛（10．9％）等症状,电子喉镜下可见杓区充血（67．3％）,杓间区黏膜肿胀或肥厚形成皱襞（43．6％）,声带、假声带水肿（40％）,梨状窝积液（32．7％）,声带后部接触性溃疡或肉芽肿（20％）,声带缘下出现假性声带沟（16．4％）;RL患者可出现轻度的嗓音异常,65．5％表现为紧张性发声障碍,其基频（F0）、频率微扰（jit-ter）、振幅微扰（shimmer）、及标准化噪声能量（NNE）值升高,除女性F0外,与正常组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。经质子泵抑制剂（PPI）治疗症状体征改善或消失。结论反流性喉炎是胃食管反流病（GERD）的主要消化道外表现之一,以声门后部病变为主,质子泵抑制剂（PPI）既可以作为其治疗手段又可用作临床试验性诊断的方法。     

艾司奥美拉唑与奥美拉唑治疗胃食管反流病的临床疗效及应用价值比较研究

目的探析胃食管反流病采取艾司奥美拉唑和奥美拉唑诊疗的临床效果。方法选取2019年4月~2020年5月在我院就诊56例胃食管反流病患者,以双色球法分为对照组和治疗组,每组28例,对照组予奥美拉唑,治疗组予艾司奥美拉唑,比较两组效果。结果治疗组有效率相比于对照组明显提升(P<0.05);治疗组复发率、各症状积分较对照组显著下降(P<0.05)。结论较奥美拉唑,胃食管反流病采取艾司奥美拉唑效果更为理想,可有效改善症状,减小复发风险。     

咽喉反流与上下呼吸道疾病

咽喉反流是指胃内容物反流至食管上括约肌以上部位（包括咽、喉、鼻腔、中耳及支气管等）的现象,可导致慢性鼻-鼻窦炎、中耳炎、鼾症、声嘶、哮喘甚至喉肿瘤,但其确切的发病机制目前仍存在诸多尚不明确的地方。本文将对咽喉反流与上下呼吸道疾病进行阐述。