食管pH和胆汁监测用于十二指肠胃食管反流的诊断及对治疗的评价

目的探讨十二指肠胃食管反流(DGER)的诊断方法和胆汁反流在胃食管反流病(GERD)中的临床意义.方法用便携式pH监测仪及胆红素监测仪(Bilitec 2000)对20例健康人及52例有烧心、反酸等症状的患者行24 h食管腔内pH和胆红素同步监测,以光吸收值≥0.14作为发生胆汁反流的阈值,计算24 h反流总时间%等指标.并对15例酸和胆汁混合反流者用铝碳酸镁加西沙必利治疗4周,然后复查两项监测.结果20例健康人中未发现病理性酸反流,52例患者中有47例(包括食管炎12例)存在病理性酸反流,诊为GERD.胆汁反流总时间%在健康人组及反流症状组分别为(0.47±0.71)%及(2.67±3.23)%(P＜0.05),在食管炎及非食管炎者分别为(5.41±4.93)%及(1.68±1.76)%(P＜0.05).47例GERD中15例(32%)为酸及胆汁混合反流,另32例为单纯酸反流,前者有食管炎8例而后者仅为4例(P＜0.05).15例混合反流经治疗后酸和胆汁反流总时间%均明显降低,8例食管炎中有7例炎症消退,1例减轻.结论Bilitec 2000是评价DGER的有用工具,32%的GERD存在酸和胆汁混合反流;胆汁反流在GERD食管黏膜损害中起重要作用.     

Reflux esophagitis after esophagectomy: impact of duodenogastroesophageal reflux

Reflux esophagitis (RE) is a known complication disturbing patients' quality of life after esophageal resection. It is generally recognized that bile reflux as well as acid reflux cause RE. However, the clinical influence of acid and bile reflux, and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection on RE in the cervical esophagus after esophagectomy is not yet clarified. Sixty patients who underwent cervical esophagogastrostomy following esophagectomy were enrolled in this study. They underwent examination for H. pylori infection, endoscopic examination, and continuous 24-hour pH and bilirubin monitoring, at 1 month after surgery. The influence of acid and/or bile reflux, H. pylori infection, and others on the development of RE were investigated. RE was observed in 19 patients (32%) at 1 month after esophagogastrostomy, mild RE in 16 (27%), and severe RE in 3 (5%). The percentage of time duration of both acid and bile reflux into the cervical esophagus was higher in patients with RE than in those without (P = 0.027, P < 0.001). A significant difference in %time pH < 4 acid reflux was found between mild RE and severe RE (P = 0.014), and a statistical difference in %time abs. > 0.14 between non-RE and mild RE (P = 0.017). Acid and/or bile reflux was observed in 31 patients (52%), acid-only reflux in 6 (10%), bile-only reflux in 15 (25%), and acid-and-bile reflux in 10 (17%). Severe RE was observed only in patients having acid-and-bile reflux. On the univariate analysis, no infection of H. pylori, acid reflux, and bile reflux were determined to be the influencing factors to RE among the clinical factors including age, gender, route of esophageal reconstruction, H. pylori infection, and acid-and-bile reflux. In the subanalysis using the logistic model, there were significant correlations between bile reflux and RE irrespective of the presence of H. pylori infection (P = 0.016, P = 0.007). On the other hand, there was a significant correlation between acid reflux and RE only in patients without H. pylori infection (P = 0.039). In the early period after esophagogastrostomy, bile reflux could cause RE irrespective of H. pylori infection, while acid reflex could cause RE only in patients without H. pylori infection. There is a possibility that bile reflux plays an important role in the development of RE after esophagectomy.     

Dietary restrictions during ambulatory monitoring of duodenogastroesophageal reflux

To avoid food impaction artifacts during ambulatory bile reflux monitoring (Bilitec), some groups have allowed only a liquid diet, while others omitted the meal and postprandial periods from the analysis. Our aim was to study whether Bilitec monitoring requires the use of a liquid diet. In 40 healthy subjects and 211 consecutive patients evaluated for suspected gastroesophageal reflux disease, we performed ambulatory 24-hr esophageal pH and Bilitec monitoring. The subjects were randomized to either solid or liquid meals during the procedure. All patients underwent an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. In healthy subjects, liquid and solid diets were followed by similar acid exposure of the distal esophagus. During bile reflux monitoring, major meal artifacts occurred in 19% of the patients using solid meals, but in none of the patients using liquid meals. With liquid meals, but not with solid meals, a progressive increase in duodenoesophageal reflux occurred with increasing severity of endoscopic lesions. With liquid meals, but not with solid meals, the prevalence of pathological exposure to duodenoesophageal reflux increased with increasing severity of endoscopic lesions. With liquid meals, the results of pH monitoring and bile reflux monitoring correlated better than with solid meals. Thus, ambulatory Bilitec monitoring requires the use of liquid meals, as the use of solid meals is associated with too many meal artifacts and a poorer correlation with acid reflux and severity of endoscopic lesions.     

41例老年人胃食管反流病24小时食管pH测定结果分析

目的探讨老年人食管酸暴露频率强度与胃食管反流病的关系。方法应用食管ｐＨ测定方法，对４１例有胃食管反流症状者和１５例健康老年人进行２４小时食管ｐＨ监测。结果健康老年人ｐＨ＜４的总时间百分比＜３３％，立位ｐＨ＜４时间百分比＜５５％，反流＞５分钟次数＜２次，ｐＨ＜４反流次数＜６５次，但卧位ｐＨ＜４时间百分比为＜１４％。４１例有胃食管反流症状者中，３８例酸反流得分＞１４５，包括１５例内镜下无食管炎征象者，阳性率达９２５％。根据内镜下有无食管炎，比较食管粘膜损伤组与无食管粘膜损伤组之间各项ｐＨ指标的异同。可见ｐＨ＜４的总时间百分比、卧位ｐＨ＜４时间百分比和持续反流＞５分钟次数有明显不同。结论老年人食管粘膜暴露频率时间与胃食管反流病的严重程度有关。     

Reliability of 24-hour home esophageal ph monitoring in diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux

Twenty-four-hour home esophageal pH monitoring is proposed in order to study gastroesophageal reflux (GER) so that prolonged use of costly hospital equipment and staff can be curtailed and the diagnostic accuracy of the examination improved. Eighty-six patients affected by GER symptoms and 20 healthy volunteers underwent 24-hr home esophageal pH monitoring, x-rays, and endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract to investigate reliability of outpatient recording. Fifteen more patients consecutively underwent out- and inpatient recording to detect possible differences between these methods in the two daily periods. Outpatient monitoring was well tolerated in 94.7% of the patients; 14.3% of them markedly reduced their routine activities. The range of normality of outpatient recording does not differ from that of inpatients. In the 15 patients who consecutively underwent out-and inpatient monitoring, no significant differences were reported. The sensitivity of 24-hr home esophageal pH recording is 0.85, the specificity 1, the accuracy for negative prediction 0.68, and the accuracy for positive prediction 1. The reliability of 24-hr home esophageal pH monitoring is comparable to inpatient recording. It allows hospital cost reduction and is also better tolerated by patients but has not greatly improved the diagnostic accuracy of the gastroesophageal reflux pH monitoring.Supported by the Ministere Pubblica Istruzione, Rome; and Finanziamenti per studi e ricerche 40%, Com. 06, Cat 12-07 imp. 11515, University of Bologna.     

Ambulatory 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring

If 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring is to be a useful diagnostic tool, it must reliably discriminate gastroesophageal reflux patients despite daily variations in distal esophageal acid exposure. To address this issue, we studied 53 subjects (14 healthy normals, 14 esophagitis patients, and 25 patients with atypical symptoms) with two ambulatory pH tests performed within 10 days of each other. Intrasubject reproducibility of 12 pH parameters to discriminate the presence of abnormal acid reflux was determined. As a group, the parameters of percent time with pH<4 (total, upright, recumbent) were most reproducible (80%). Therefore, a subject was defined as having gastroesophageal reflux disease if at least one of these three values were abnormal. Intrasubject reproducibility for the diagnosis of reflux disease was 89% for the entire sample. Among subsets, the reproducibility was 93% for the normals and esophagitis patients and 84% for the atypical symptom patients. Total percent time with pH<4 was the single most discriminate pH parameter (85%) and nearly equaled that of the three combined parameters (89%). The intrasubject variability of this parameter was determined by the mean ±2sd of the relative differences between the two test results for all 53 subjects. Total percent time with pH<4 may vary between tests by a factor of 3.2-fold or less (218% higher to 69% lower). We conclude: (1) ambulatory 24-hr esophageal monitoring is a reproducible test for the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease; and (2) the large intrastudy variability in 24-hr total acid exposure may limit this test's usefulness as a measurement of therapeutic improvement.Supported, in part, by Public Health Services Grant AM 34200-01A1 from NIADDIK.     

Stratification and symptom characteristics of non-erosive reflux disease based on acid and duodenogastroesophageal reflux

Background and Aim: The subgroups and symptom characteristics of non‐erosive reflux disease (NERD) based on acid and duodenogastroesophageal reflux may be different in Chinese patients to Western patients. This study aimed to explore the stratification and symptom characteristics of patients with NERD. Methods: Patients with typical heartburn and/or acid regurgitation symptoms were enrolled. Each patient filled out a questionnaire. An upper gastrointestingal endoscopy was performed for each patient followed by simultaneous ambulatory 24‐h esophageal pH and Bilitec (bilirubin) monitoring. A symptom index (SI) of ≥50% was considered to be positive. Results: Eighty‐two consecutive NERD patients were evaluated. Abnormal (NERD pH+) and normal (NERD pH–) 24‐h pH tests were found in 24 (29.3%) and 58 (70.7%) patients, respectively. Among 42 NERD pH– patients who reported heartburn symptoms during monitoring, SI was positive in 19 (45.2%) patients (NE‐SI+) and negative in 23 (54.8%) patients (NE‐SI–). Pathological duodenogastroesophageal reflux (DGER) was found in 43 (52.4%) patients. No significant differences were noted regarding the prevalence of other upper gastrointestinal symptoms, except for acid regurgitation in NERD pH+ and NERD pH– groups. Additionally, no significant differences were seen in the prevalence of other symptoms, except for chest pain, in groups with pathological and normal DGER. Conclusion: The proportion of NERD patients with pathological acid reflux was somewhat lower than that reported in Western countries. The role of DGER in NERD may be important. It is difficult to differentiate whether NERD patients have pathological acid or bile reflux according to symptoms.     

Placebo-controlled trial of cisapride in postgastrectomy patients with duodenogastroesophageal reflux

Medical treatment of duodenogastroesophageal reflux in postgastrectomy patients has been disappointing. Using ambulatory esophageal bilirubin monitoring, we evaluated the efficacy of cisapride in this disorder. Ten chronically symptomatic partial gastrectomy patients (5 Billroth 1, 5 Billroth 11; 8 men; average age 57) with duodenogastroesophageal reflux were randomized to four weeks of either placebo or cisapride (20 mg four times a day) in a double-blind crossover study. Significantly improved patients continued to take cisapride for an additional four months. Duodenogastroesophageal reflux was assessed at baseline and after four weeks on each therapy. Daily diary recorded symptoms and mean monthly scores were determined. Global symptom improvements were assessed at the end of each treatment period. Compared to placebo, cisapride significantly (P<0.05) decreased duodenogastroesophageal reflux. Overall symptoms improved in 70% of patients on cisapride compared to 10% on placebo (P<0.01). Mean monthly scores significantly (P<0.05) improved for abdominal pain, regurgitation, and belching. These symptoms remained improved after four months of chronic therapy. We conclude that cisapride significantly reduces duodenogastroesophageal reflux and results in short- and long-term symptom improvements in postgastrectomy patients and that cisapride offers the first successful medical therapy for duodenogastroesophageal reflux in postgastrectomy patients.     

Fiberoptic technique for 24-hour bile reflux monitoring

Physiologic bile reflux was assessed in 27in vivo test with healthy volunteers to define a standardized protocol and normal values for 24-hour enterogastric bile reflux monitoring (protocol with supine, upright, and meal phases and a free diet avoiding alcohol, smoking, and coffee, evaluation with different thresholds of absorbance units: 0.14, 0.25).In vitro tests with bile-sodium solutions demonstrated a linear dependence of absorbance for bilirubin up to 600 mol/liter (range of the fiberoptic device: 0.0–1.0). Fluids and food might interfere with absorbances below 0.25 (exception: coffee).In vivo bile often remains in the stomach for more than 1 hr; these events were defined as reflux episodes. The upper limits for physiologic bile reflux are a percentage of total time of bile reflux of 28.2% and an average absorbance during a reflux episode of 0.62 (95th percentile with threshold 0.25). Comparing bile with pH monitoring (absorbance>0.25 and/or pH>4), an increase of bilirubin was found most frequently with constant pH (45%) or an increase of pH with constant bilirubin (36%). The hypothesis was drawn that bile and duodenal or pancreatic secretions may separately contribute to duodenogastric reflux.     

Multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH monitoring in gastroesophageal reflux disease

The role of acid is very well established in the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease and acid suppression constitutes the main approach to its medical treatment. With the current frequent use of proton pump inhibitors, we are seeing increasing numbers of patients in whom symptoms persist despite pharmacological acid suppression. Reflux monitoring has been traditionally performed through esophageal pH measurement to detect acid reflux (i.e., drops in esophageal pH to below 4.0). Multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH measurement constitutes an important development in reflux monitoring because, in addition to detecting acid reflux, it enables measurement of nonacid reflux (i.e., with a pH > 4.0, also known as ‘weakly acidic’ for pH > 4 but < 7, or ‘weakly alkaline’ if pH > 7), which may be responsible for symptoms in some patients who are being treated with proton pump inhibitors. This review describes the approach to measuring nonacid reflux, the possible mechanisms responsible for symptoms due to this type of reflux, the clinical importance of this phenomenon and available treatment options; and the role of multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH monitoring in the evaluation of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease.     

Double-blind comparison of cisapride and cimetidine in treatment of reflux esophagitis

In a double-blind, randomized, comparative trial of the prokinetic drug cisapride and the H₂-blocker cimetidine, mucosal healing and changes in symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux were evaluated in patients with erosive reflux esophagitis. The patients were treated with either cisapride, 10 mg four times a day (N=36) or cimetidine, 400 mg four times a day (N=37) for six weeks, or for 12 weeks if mucosal healing was not obtained by week 6. Upon entry, two thirds of the patients in each group had grade I (Savary-Miller) esophagitis, and the remainder grade II or III. At the end of treatment, endoscopy showed mucosal healing in 56% (38–72%; 95% confidence interval) of cisapride and 57% (39–73%; 95% confidence interval) of cimetidine patients. After six weeks, both drugs significantly (P<0.01) decreased the intensity and frequency of heartburn, regurgitation, and the postural syndrome. No significant inter group differences were found regarding endoscopic parameters or the improvement of heartburn and regurgitation. Concomitant antacid use was also comparable. Adverse effects were reported by four cisapride and nine cimetidine patients. These results indicate that the effects of cisapride compare well with those of cimetidine in terms of both esophageal mucosal healing and symptom relief.     

Esophageal involvement in scleroderma: gastroesophageal reflux, the common problem

OBJECTIVES: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystem disease characterized by abnormalities of small blood vessels, and fibrosis of the skin and internal organs including gastrointestinal tract. This article reviews the esophageal involvement in SSc, emphasizing the gastroesophageal reflux, which is a common problem in SSc patients. METHODS: We conducted a Medline search from 1966 to 2005. The keywords "systemic sclerosis," "esophageal involvement," "gastroesophageal reflux," "esophagitis," and "treatment" were used. RESULTS: The gastrointestinal tract is frequently affected in diffuse and limited disease. Although any part of the gastrointestinal tract can be involved, esophageal disease occurs in nearly all patients with SSc. Common esophageal manifestations in SSc include motility abnormalities and gastroesophageal reflux (GER), Barrett's esophagus, adenocarcinoma, infectious esophagitis, and drug-induced esophagitis. Common complications of GER include esophagitis with erosions and bleeding and stricture formation. Extraesophageal manifestations of GER include mouth ulcers, chronic cough, hoarse voice, sore throat, pharyngitis, laryngospasm, asthma, and recurrent pneumonia. Diagnostic procedures used in the investigation of esophageal involvement include barium esophagram, esophageal manometry, 24-hour ambulatory pH, and endoscopy. Treatment of GER in SSc includes behavioral modification and medical therapy, mainly with proton pump inhibitors. Surgical intervention has a limited role in the management of GER in selected SSc patients. CONCLUSIONS: Esophageal involvement is frequent in SSc patients. Gastroesophageal reflux may cause high morbidity. Careful examination of the patients reveals gastrointestinal abnormalities even in patients without symptoms. Appropriate treatment of esophageal involvement ameliorates symptoms and prevents complications.     

Ambulatory esophageal pressure and pH monitoring in patients with high-grade reflux esophagitis

Using conventional manometry and 24-hr ambulatory pressure and pH monitoring, we investigated esophageal motility and the esophageal motor response to reflux in 11 patients with reflux esophagitis Savary-Miller grade III and IV, and an age- and sex-matched group of 11 healthy controls. The patients had a significantly increased esophageal acid exposure. Conventional manometry showed a significantly decreased LES pressure and distal peristaltic amplitude in patients. The 24-hr monitoring yielded a significant decrease in peristaltic contraction duration and peristaltic propagation velocity in the patient group. Distal peristaltic amplitude was not decreased. Analysis of the contractions occurring in the 2-min period after each reflux episode showed a reduced number of contractions during the upright period, caused by a significantly decreased number of peristaltic contractions. During the supine period, there was a trend towards an increased number of contractions. It is concluded that esophageal motor activity and the response to reflux are impaired in patients with high-grade reflux esophagitis. However, the abnormalities found are only minor and are unlikely to play an important role in the pathogenesis of reflux esophagitis.     

Correlation of esophageal pH and motor abnormalities with endoscopic severity of reflux esophagitis

Motility abnormalities, common in gastroesophageal reflux disease, are likely to be related to endoscopic esophagitis. We studied pH and manometry parameters in relation to the severity of esophagitis. Forty-seven patients with symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease for > 3 months were evaluated by: (i) endoscopy (grading of esophagitis by Savary-Miller classification); (ii) mucosal biopsy; (iii) manometry; and (iv) 24-h pH-metry. We found Savary-Miller's grades of: 0 (9 patients out of 47), I (16/47), II (16/47), III (4/47), IV (2/47). Distal esophageal contraction amplitude was lower in severe (grade II to IV) as compared with mild (grade 0 and I) esophagitis (49 [7-182] versus 83 [27-196] mmHg [P = 0.001]). The length and pressure in the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), duration and velocity of contraction in the body, number of episodes of reflux and long-duration reflux, longest reflux, median pH, per cent of time with pH < 4 and DeMeester scores were not significantly different between the two groups. The area under pH 4 showed a negative correlation with LES pressure and amplitude of distal esophageal contractions. We conclude that higher endoscopic grades of esophagitis are associated with lower amplitude of contraction in distal esophagus. Lower LES pressure and distal esophageal contraction amplitude are associated with greater area under curve for pH below 4.     

幽门螺杆菌感染与反流性食管炎相关关系分析

[目的]探讨幽门螺杆菌感染与反流性食管炎的相关关系。[方法]将经电子胃镜检查确诊为反流性食管炎患者90例(反流性食管炎组)及慢性胃炎患者100例(慢性胃炎组),同时经13 C尿素呼气试验法进行幽门螺杆菌检测,对比2组幽门螺杆菌感染情况。将反流性食管炎组患者根据内镜分级标准分为4级,比较各级间的幽门螺杆菌感染情况;根据临床症状程度分为轻、中、重度,比较各程度间的幽门螺杆菌感染情况。[结果]反流性食管炎组幽门螺杆菌感染率(36.7%)明显低于慢性胃炎组(65.0%),差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。反流性食管炎组不同内镜分级及不同临床症状程度者间的幽门螺杆菌感染率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]幽门螺杆菌感染可能在反流性食管炎的发生过程中起保护作用,幽门螺杆菌与反流性食管炎及患者症状程度无相关性。     

Exclusion of meal periods from ambulatory 24-hour pH monitoring May improve diagnosis of esophageal acid reflux

Distal esophageal pH less than 4 is frequently seen during meal ingestion in 24-hr ambulatory pH monitoring for the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The characteristics of this meal-related apparent reflux without diet restriction was evaluated. Data from normal volunteers (N=21) and consecutive patients (N=66) referred with heartburn and/or chest pain were studied with ambulatory pH monitoring. The median percent times pH<4 in the distal esophagus were significantly greater in symptomatic patients than controls for total 24-hr, upright, and supine periods, and postprandial periods of 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min (P values of 0.007–0.03). However, the median percent time pH<4 during the meal periods was the same for patients (4.4%) and for controls (6.6%) withP=0.23. Excluding the meal periods from analysis resulted in greater separation between controls and patients with abnormal acid exposure when compared to the conventional method. Patients should maintain their usual routine without diet restriction during 24-hr ambulatory pH studies in the clinical setting. Furthermore, exclusion of meal periods can eliminate meal-time pH variabilities without affecting postprandial acid exposure and improve the diagnosis of GERD.     

Gastroesophageal reflux: the features in elderly patients

INTRODUCTlONWiththeintroduction0fintraesophageal24-hpH-m0nitoringinclinicalpractice,itisnowpossibletoidentifypatternsofgastroesophagealreflux(GER)inthehealthypeopleandpatientsandtoassesstheeffectofH2blockersandH oc adenosinetriphosphatase(ATPase)inhibitorsonGERdiseasesL1Ai7I.ItisincreasinglyrecognizedthatsymptomaticGERmayoccurinthepatients0fallages.However,littleinformationisavailableonsymptomaticGERpatternsintheelderly.Recently,Moldetal,investigatedGERdisease(GERD)inpatientsag…     

A prospective study of the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease and confounding factors

Background The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has reportedly risen in recent years. Difficulties associated with endoscopic diagnosis mean it is not easy to determine its precise prevalence. A prospective study of the prevalence of endoscopy-positive GERD (EP-GERD) was conducted at Higuchi Hospital, a general hospital in Northwestern Kyushu, Japan. The study also correlated factors that might affect prevalence (age, sex, and functions of the gastroesophageal junction). Methods From consecutive patients undergoing endoscopic examination at Higuchi Hospital between January 2000 and April 2003, 1234 patients without severe complications were examined for the possible presence of GERD. Patients were stratified by age and sex, and the prevalence in each group ascertained. EP-GERD was defined on the four-level scale of the Los Angeles classification. Endoscopic classification of gastroesophageal flap valve ([GEFV] functional anomalie; using a four-level scale), was done as proposed by Hill et al. in 1996, to assess flap-valve morphology. Six items were evaluated: (1) symptoms and primary diseases; (2) prevalence of development of EP-GERD classified by age and sex; (3) endoscopic morphology of the GEFV as an expression of the functions of the gastroesophageal junction, and its prevalence by age and sex; (4) regression analysis and Spearman's rank correlation of GEFV and EP-GERD grades; (5) prevalence of EP-GERD and GEFV stratified by age and analyzed; and (6) multiple regression analysis of EP-GERD and explanatory variables (age, sex, and GEFV). Results The overall prevalence of EP-GERD was 5.8% (72/1234) and this patient group was dominated by men. Aging had minimal effect on prevalence in men, but the prevalence rose among women as they aged. The age-stratified prevalence of GEFV functional anomalies was similar to the age-stratified prevalence of EP-GERD in both sexes. The correlation between EP-GERD and GEFV functional anomalies was high regardless of sex. Conclusions We postulate that the mechanisms leading to the development of GEFV functional anomalies in men are different from those in women. Future evaluations of EP-GERD should also observe GEFV function.     

老年人反流性食管炎393例分析

目的为了解老年人反流性食管炎的特点，对反流性食管炎患者的内镜表现与特点进行分析。方法将本院１０年来６８１例反流性食管炎患者分为老年组和非老年组，对两组的患病率、病变程度、病理结果、并存疾病进行了比较。结果老年组患病率２３８％，非老年组０８３％（Ｐ＜０００１）；老年组病变程度较非老年组严重（Ｐ＜００５）；病理活检，非老年组中仅发现２例轻度不典型增生，而老年组中共发现９例不同程度的不典型增生及１例癌变；老年患者并存疾病以食管裂孔疝多见。结论反流性食管炎是老年人的常见病，内镜检查对该病的诊治具有重要价值。