4种方法校准血细胞分析仪红细胞压积的结果比较及偏倚分析

目的:评价血红蛋白/平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(Hemoglobin,Hb/Hean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration,MCHC)比值法(Hb/MCHC法)校准血细胞分析仪红细胞压积(Hematocrit,Hct)的可靠性.方法:分别用Hb/MCHC法、配套校准品、非配套校准品和质控品对3台血细胞分析仪Hct进行校准,分析比较各仪器对Hct为低值、中值和高值的新鲜血标本测定结果的可比性和偏倚.结果:用Hb/MCHC法对新鲜血Hct定值后校准各仪器,3台仪器测定新鲜血Hct结果间的差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),偏倚均＜1.5%.与Hb/MCHC法校准仪器相比较,2台用配套校准品校准的仪器测定Hct结果间的差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),偏倚均＜1.0%;无配套校准品的1台仪器测定结果明显增高,其差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),偏倚达7.14%.用非配套校准品校准的2台仪器测定结果与配套校准品校准仪器的结果差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),偏倚分别达6.78%和7.76%.3台用质控品校准的仪器与Hb/MCHC法校准仪器的测定结果差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),偏倚达7.56%.结论:血细胞分析仪Hct的校准应使用配套校准品或可靠的定值新鲜血,在配套校准品难于及时获得或缺乏时,Hb/MCHC法可作为新鲜血Hct定值的参考方法.     

几种血细胞分析仪校准方法的对比

目的　探讨血细胞分析仪校准的正确方法。方法　分别用配套校准物、非配套校准物和质控物对三台不同类型的血细胞分析仪进行校准后 ,再比较各台仪器测定新鲜血所得的结果。结果　用配套校准物校准仪器后测定新鲜血所得结果非常接近 ,而用非配套校准物和质控物校准仪器者 ,白细胞和血小板等参数偏差均明显增大。结论　用配套校准物校准仪器能保证测定结果的可靠性。     

新鲜全血在血液分析仪校准中的应用

目的应用新鲜全血校准不同品牌血液分析仪,以提高检测结果的准确性和可比性。方法应用具有溯源性的配套校准品校准的LH750血液分析仪作为参比仪器,对新鲜全血的WBC、RBC、Hb、PLT进行定值,再用定值后的新鲜全血对XE-2100血液分析仪进行校准。结果经校准后,两台仪器之间WBC、RBC、Hb、PLT检测结果差异无统计学意义。结论用新鲜全血对同一实验室多台血液分析仪进行校准是可行的。     

新鲜血校准不同类型血液分析仪结果比较

目的探讨血液分析仪校准的正确方法。方法分别用配套的质控物、校准物和经严格标定后的新鲜全血在4台不同类型血细胞分析仪上进行仪器校准后,再比较新鲜血用各仪器测定全血细胞计数结果的偏差和可比性。结果用新鲜血代替校准物对各仪器校准后新鲜血测定的偏差为白细胞(WBC)±3.8%,红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞比积(HCT)±1.7%,平均红细胞体积(MCV)±2.6%,平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)±1.2%,平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)±2.7%,血小板(PLT)±4.2%。校准前后的偏差比较,差距明显减小,所得结果非常接近。结论经严格标定后的新鲜全血用在同一实验室,每天对各台不同类型血细胞分析仪进行室内质控是可行的,是保证分析结果正确度和精密度的有效措施。     

同室间不同品牌血细胞分析仪的校准及分析结果比对观察

目的探讨同一实验室内不同品牌的血液分析仪的校准与分析结果的一致性。方法在各仪器校准的基础上,以其中一台高档次的仪器（贝克曼·库尔特LH750型）为基准,用新鲜血标本的分析结果对其他仪器（Sysmex：XS1000i,pocH-100i）进行再校准,同时在日常工作中经常做同份标本的比对观察。结果再校准后的各仪器的分析结果更加一致,特别是RBC、HCT和PLT的比对结果。结论不同品牌的血液分析仪在各自校准的基础上的分析结果仍然存在差异,需进行再校准方能取得同一实验室的分析结果的一致性。作为被参照的高档次的仪器进行严格的校正和室内质控,观察其他品牌型号的仪器与之比对的结果的变异百分率（％）,有更实用的意义。     

用新鲜全血样本进行多台血液分析仪简易校准方法的探讨

目的 探讨如何使用新鲜全血样本连续监测不同血液分析仪并进行简易校准。方法 用同一份新鲜全血样本在不同的血液分析仪上进行连续测定,以一台血液分析仪为参考机,对测定结果进行统计分析,根据分析结果进行仪器校准并观察校准后效果。结果 各型血液分析仪经校准后检测结果的一致性良好。结论 使用新鲜全血样本在不同仪器上进行校准是一项简便易行的室内质控方法。     

用新鲜全血校准血细胞分析仪的方法

目的 建立用新鲜全血校准血细胞分析仪的方法,保证临床标本在不同型号的血细胞分析仪检测结果的可比性、一致性.方法 以血细胞分析仪BC-5500为参比仪器,对新鲜全血的RBC、WBC、Hb、MCV、PLT进行定值,进而对ABX-60型血细胞分析仪进行校准,然后检测其结果的偏差.结果 两台血细胞分析仪测定新鲜血的全血细胞计数结果非常接近,相对偏差小于1/2CLIA'88.结论 用参比血细胞分析仪定值新鲜全血的方法可用于同室多台血液分析仪的校准及比对,既保证了各仪器结果间的精密度及准确度,又降低了成本.     

用新鲜全血对血液分析仪进行校准临床应用探讨

<正>在仪器精密度良好的前提下,仪器校准是保证检测结果准确的关键步骤[1]。国际上特别强调使用配套校准品对配套检测系统(即由分析仪器、校准品、试剂和检验程序等均属于同一系统的固定组合)进行仪器校准,以保证检验结果具有溯源性和可比性[2]。但在实际工作中,对于同时拥有多台不同厂家、不同型号血液分析仪的检验科室,这一要求往往很难做到。我们尝试将一台血液分析仪作为规范操作的检测系     

利用新鲜全血对血细胞分析仪进行校准及结果比对

目的:利用新鲜全血对不同血细胞分析仪进行校准和结果比对,使各仪器检测结果一致并可溯源到国际参考方法。方法:首先用配套校准物SCS-1000校准Sysmex XT-2000i的手动检测模式并作为可溯源的检测系统和参考仪器对健康人新鲜全血定值,然后用定值的新鲜全血对Sysmex XT-2000i血细胞分析仪的自动检测模式和Sysmex XS-800i进行校准,并于校准后进行临床病人新鲜血样的比对实验。结果:校准前Sysmex XT-2000i血细胞分析仪自动检测模式的RBC、HGB、PLT项目和Sysmex XS-800i血细胞分析仪的HGB项目与参考仪器(sysmex XT-2000i手动检测模式)的偏倚(%)超过中华医学会检验分会校准判断标准允许范围,分别为1.65、1.51、3.68和2.62。校准后则WBC、RBC、HBG、HCT、MCV、PLT各项参数结果与参考仪器偏倚(%)均在允许范围内。同时进行临床病人新鲜血样的比对实验结果也表明,校准后比对仪器与参考仪器各项参数偏倚(%)均在ClIA88允许范围的1/2内。结论:利用新鲜全血对不同血细胞分析仪进行校准和结果比对,可以纠正仪器的系统偏差,使各仪器检测结果一致并可溯源到国际参考方法。     

采用新鲜全血比对控制ADVIA2120五分类血液分析仪质量的方法探讨

目的探讨在没有质控品的情况下用新鲜全血对ADVIA2120血液分析仪进行室内质量控制的效果。方法每天用新鲜全血标本,在经溯源至参考方法的配套校准物校准的迈瑞BC-3000 Plus三分群血液分析仪及经其定值的新鲜血校准的ADVIA2120五分类血液分析仪上测定,比对两台仪器所测主要参数白细胞(WBC)、红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白(HGB)、血小板(PLT)、红细胞比容(HCT)、平均红细胞体积(MCV),以此作为ADVIA2120五分类血液分析仪的室内质量控制。结果两台仪器PLT平均偏差均小于10%,其他参数平均偏差小于5%。均未超过美国CLIA′88能力比对检验的分析质量要求推荐的允许误差范围,但RBC及PLT有几次超出允许误差范围,按失控处理。结论同一个实验室内不同血液分析仪用新鲜血每日比对是控制质量的可行方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.