Relation between emphysema and diaphragmatic fatigue]

Emphysematous rats induced by elastase were divided into 5 groups: N (control), P1 (elastase for 3 mo.), P2 (elastase for 4.5 mo.; NS intraperitoneally for 1 mo. after 3.5 mo. elastase); A and C, aminophylline and ginseng preparation were respectively given in the same fashion as P2. The results were: 1. tension and endurance of diaphragm muscle decreased under low frequency stimulation in P2, while those no change in P1. DNA, RNA and ATPase increased, cross-sectional areas and glycogen decreased in P1, while ATPase and RNA reduced with increase of cross-sectional areas in P2; 2. in A, no change in tension, with enhanced endurance; 3. in C, tension increased with no change in endurance; 4. glycogen and cross-sectional areas increased in both A and C; 5. RNA and ATPase increased in C and no change in A.     

Relation between lipid level and gallstone]

Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), beta-lipoprotein (beta-L), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), ratio of HDL-C to TC and LDL-C to HDL-C, age and sex were compared among 252 patients with gallstones (gallstone group, 76 males, 176 females) in gallbladder and 399 controls (256 males, 134 females, control group), who were identified by ultrasonography in a general check-up during the same period. The high risk factors of gallstone were analyzed by stepwise logistic regression. The increase of beta-L concentration (P less than 0.001), female (P less than 0.001), and high ratio of LDL-C to HDL-C (P = 0.0087) were suspected as the high risk factors of gallstone formation in gallbladder.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

限时法使用维库溴铵的剂量与气管插管时间的关系

目的探讨不同剂量维库溴铵限时法给药方式对气管插管时间的影响,从而选择最佳给药剂量.方法选择择期手术病人50例,随机分成五组,Ⅰ组维库溴铵0.1 mg/kg;Ⅱ组维库溴铵0.125 mg/kg;Ⅲ组维库溴铵0.15 mg/kg,Ⅳ组维库溴铵0.175 mg/kg,V组维库溴铵0.2 mg/kg.结果Ⅰ组与Ⅱ、Ⅲ组之间气管插管时间无明显差异,Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组与V组之间有明显差异(P＜0.05).结论临床上需要缩短气管插管时间,可选用维库溴铵0.2 mg/kg限时法给予.     

胎膜早破与难产的关系及处理——附200例临床分析

目的了解胎膜早破难产发生率升高的原因。方法分析200例胎膜早破孕妇中发生难产的原因和类型,随机抽取同期无胎膜早破的健康孕妇200例作对照。结果观察组200例胎膜早破孕妇发生难产78例,发生率为39%,对照组200例孕妇中难产42例,难产发生率为21%。结论应进一步重视胎膜早破,对胎膜早破孕妇加强临床观察,一旦难产发生,应及时处理,以减少母儿并发症的发生。     

射频消融部位及其数值与心肌急性损伤的关系

射频消融术是治疗快速性心律失常、安全有效的主要方法之一。据文献报道,射频电流可致局部心肌病理性损伤。动物实验证实损伤的局部心肌酶发生变化。但从临床上反映这种心肌损伤与射频消融部位参数间关系的研究却很少。本研究通过血清肌红蛋白(SMb)的测定反映射频消融对局部心肌的急性损伤及其与消融部位和参数的关系。     

医学生认知偏差与孤独感相互关系及影响因素研究

目的：探讨医学生认知偏差类型与孤独感水平的相互关系及影响因素。方法整群随机抽取220名医科大学二年级学生,采用认知偏差问卷、情绪-社交孤独问卷进行统一调查。医学生认知偏差类型与情绪-社交孤立状况的相关分析采用Pearson积差相关双尾检验;以情绪-社交孤独总分为因变量,以抑郁-歪曲、非抑郁-歪曲、抑郁-非歪曲、非抑郁-非歪曲四种认知偏差类型为自变量进行多元逐步回归分析;是否独生子女以及城乡来源学生的认知偏差与情绪-社交孤独水平的差别行独立样本t检验。结果抑郁-歪曲的负性认知偏差与医学生情绪孤立（r=0.161,P=0.021）、社交孤立（r=0.266,P=0.000）、情绪孤独（r=0.340,P=0.000）、社交孤独（r=0.385,P=0.000）呈正相关;回归方程为情绪社交孤独总分=27.165＋1.908（抑郁-歪曲）＋0.836（抑郁-非歪曲）。非独生子女在“抑郁-歪曲”（P=0.017）、社交孤立（P=0.001）、情绪孤独（P=0.016）、社交孤独（P=0.000）4个维度上均高于独生子女;农村来源学生情绪-社交孤独4个因子均高于城市来源学生（P〈0.05）。结论医学生的负性认知偏差水平同其情绪与社交孤立状况及孤独感体验存在正相关,回归分析提示不良认知倾向及负性情绪有可能是导致医学生人际障碍的重要原因之一。非独生子女和农村来源学生社交孤独体验较深,且非独生子女存在较明显的负性认知偏差。     

EMs异位内膜中基质金属蛋白酶-2及其特异性抑制物的研究

目的:研究基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)及其特异性抑制物金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子-2(TIMP-2)在子宫内膜异位症发生发展中的作用。方法:采用明胶酶谱法测定异位子宫内膜30例、在位内膜27例及正常子宫内膜26例(对照组)中MMP-2的含量,并采用RT-PCR技术测定MMP-2mRNA及TIMP-2mRNA在三组内膜的表达水平。结果:①MMP-2在异位内膜病灶中呈高表达(P<0.05)。②MMP-2 mRNA/TIMP-2 mR-NA在异位内膜病灶的表达明显升高(P<0.05)。结论:异位病灶中MMP-2与TIMP-2的表达失衡,使异位内膜具有更强的侵袭能力,易于发生种植转移,可能在EMs的发生发展中起重要作用。     

吗啡在持续硬膜外与静脉镇痛效应相同时血浆浓度差异

目的研究术后镇痛药吗啡通过不同给药方式的临床用药剂量与血药浓度的关系及吗啡PCIA用药剂量的最佳效果与安全性。方法通过对60例腹部手术后患者术后镇痛（PCA）的对比研究,探索术后患者持续静脉镇痛（PCIA）与持续硬膜外镇痛（PCEA）的用药剂量差别、血药浓度差别、副作用的防治。结果PCIA组与PCEA组均达满意镇痛,未出现严重副作用,未出现成癌性。在VAs评分接近时,PCIA组吗啡血药浓度明显高于PCEA组。结论吗啡在持续静脉与硬膜外镇痛效应相同时血浆吗啡浓度差异明显,吗啡在短期行PCIA或PCEA均安全有效,药物成癌发生的可能性小。     

美托洛尔血药浓度与抑制心率效应关系

家兔６只，１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ美托洛尔肌注，药物体内代谢呈二室模型，高血压患者５例，一次口服美托洛尔片剂５０ｍｇ，药物体内代谢呈一室模型。家兔和高血压患者，血药浓度（Ｃｐ）与抑制心率效应（Ｅ）的关系均为Ｅ＝Ｅｍａｘ·Ｃｐ~ｓ／［Ｃｐ~ｓ＋Ｃｐ（５０）~ｓ」。Ｃｐ（５０）为引起半数最大效应的血药浓度，家兔Ｃｐ（５０）个体间相差１７．４５倍，高血压患者Ｃｐ（５０）相差６．０９倍，提示药物浓度监测应注意药效学的个体差异。     

放射机房内可视面积对迷路口剂量影响分析

目的通过对放射防护中可视面积对迷路口的剂量影响分析,为正确选择防护门铅当量提供参考依据.方法利用实际案例和可视面积变化增量用公式法计算迷路口剂量和防护门铅当量.讨论可视面积与防护门铅当量的关系可拟合表达为多项式曲线(拟合度R2=0.9994).结果可视面积增加,迷路口剂量和防护门铅当量相应增加.     

子宫内膜癌的雌激素,孕激素受体含量及其与临床和病理的关系

Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) assays were performed by direct fluorescent histochemical methods in 20 endometrial carcinomas and 9 endometria of para-carcinomas. ER + and PR + were found in the patients who had not received chemotherapy and/or radiotherapies. In 4 adenosquamous carcinomas, the contents of ER and PR of adenocarcinoma components were higher than those of squamous carcinoma components. Blocking tests proved the specificity of ER and PR for estradiol and progesterone respectively. The levels of ER and PR in endometria of para-carcinomas were higher than those in carcinomas. There were higher levels of ER and PR in early clinical stage than in advanced stage, in cases free from cervical involvement than in cases cervical involvement, and in well differentiated carcinomas than in poorly differentiated carcinomas. ER and PR contents did not correlate with the depth of myometrial invasion or menopausal status. In the patient group followed up for half a year or more, 4 patients with high-level ER and PR had a good response to 17 alpha-progesterone caprate. The patients with ER + and PR + had a longer survival period than those with ER- and PR-. Our results indicated that the assay of ER and PR might be valuable for predicting the response to endocrine therapy and prognosis for patients with endometrial carcinoma.