卵巢癌脑转移的诊治

目的探讨卵巢癌脑转移的诊断及治疗方法。方法回顾性分析我院2008年1月-2011年8月收治的6例卵巢癌脑转移患者的临床资料,并对相关文献进行复习。结果 6例诊断时中位年龄58.5岁,均已绝经,入院时血CA125均升高,治疗后均下降;4例病情复发时伴CA125升高。依据为影像学检查发现脑转移灶。患者均接受手术及术后以铂类为基础的联合化疗,其中3例进行了放射治疗,1例行开颅手术。4例仍接受化疗,2例死亡。结论卵巢癌脑转移预后差,手术辅以铂类为基础的联合化疗及放疗是主要治疗方法 ;预后与临床期别、肿瘤分化程度及对铂类化疗药物敏感程度有关,血清CA125可用于治疗后的监测随访。     

应用紫杉醇治疗复发卵巢癌临床疗效分析

目的考察应用紫杉醇加异环磷酰胺治疗复发卵巢癌的治疗效果。方法选择16例经过首次肿瘤细胞减灭术和4-6疗程的以铂类或非铂类药物为基础的化疗方案治疗的复发卵巢癌患者,应用紫杉醇200 mg/m^2,异环磷酰胺200-300 mg/m^2静脉化疗观察治疗效果。结果16例中有12例取得临床缓解,有效率为75%。结论对于复发卵巢癌,无论其属于铂类敏感型或不敏感型,均可把紫杉醇加异环磷酰胺联合化疗作为一线治疗方案。     

复发性卵巢癌再次铂类化疗患者预见性呕吐相关指标观察

目的:观察复发性卵巢癌再次铂类化疗患者预见性呕吐(ANY)相关指标。方法:选择2010-01/2012-01于我科接受再次铂类化疗的复发性卵巢癌患者(复发化疗组)36例,另行选择38例同期住院接受铂类化疗方案的初诊卵巢癌患者(初诊化疗组)为对照组。第二疗程开始前,两组患者分别接受了"ANY等级指标"和"恶心问卷(NP)"评估。结果:复发化疗组的ANY患病率及ANY等级指标均明显多于初诊化疗组,同时复发化疗组NP问卷中各因子分及总分也明显高于后者(P均<0.01~0.05)。结论:复发性卵巢癌再次铂类化疗患者ANY患病率、ANY等级指标及NP问卷评分均有显著增加。     

吉西他滨与长春瑞滨联合化疗治疗39例复发的铂类敏感卵巢癌临床分析

目的 探讨吉西他滨和长春瑞滨联合化疗方案治疗铂类敏感的复发卵巢上皮性癌的有效性和安全性.方法 将2004年8月至2008年2月江夏区人民医院治疗的铂类敏感的复发卵巢癌患者39例(已行一线或二线及以上的以铂类为基础的化疗),均行吉西他宾和长春瑞宾联合化疗方案(其中吉西他滨1000 mg/m2,长春瑞滨25 mg/m2)化...     

卵巢癌化疗耐药机制及逆转耐药的研究概况

卵巢癌是常见的妇科恶性肿瘤之一,严重威胁女性健康。以铂类为基础的联合化疗是治疗卵巢癌的重要手段,化疗耐药是卵巢癌复发和治疗失败的最主要原因之一,导致5年生存率仍然较低。探索其耐药机制是解决耐药问题和改善治疗效果的关键。现根据近十年的文献检索,分析卵巢癌化疗耐药的相关机制,总结逆转耐药的研究近况。     

复发及持续进展性卵巢癌补救化疗临床分析

目的:探讨复发及持续进展性卵巢癌二线补救化疗的近期疗效及其影响因素。方法:选择69例接受二线补救化疗的复发及持续进展性卵巢癌患者,20例采用顺铂 异环磷酰胺 足叶乙甙方案,39例采用用紫杉醇 铂类(顺铂、卡铂或草酸铂)方案,10例采用拓扑替康 顺铂方案。结果:3种二线化疗方案之间的疗效及骨髓抑制均无明显差异(P>0.05);接受再次肿瘤细胞减灭术(secondary cytoreductive surgery,SCRS)与未接受SCRS者二线补救化疗疗效差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:复发及持续进展性卵巢癌患者接受二线补救化疗有一定疗效,对铂类耐药的卵巢癌患者,再次接受联合铂类的二线补救化疗仍有一定疗效;二线补救化疗方案之间无优劣;SCRS可以改善二线补救化疗的疗效。     

卵巢癌肉瘤12例临床分析

目的探讨卵巢癌肉瘤的临床特征、治疗方法及预后。方法收集中山大学肿瘤防治中心2002年5月至2009年5月收治的12例卵巢癌肉瘤的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 12例患者诊断时中位年龄55岁,其中10例为绝经后患者。患者就诊时主要临床症状为腹痛、腹胀、腹水等。10例入院时血CA125升高,7例术后化疗后降至正常,8例病情复发时伴CA125升高。影像学检查均发现盆腔包块。确诊依靠术后病理。所有患者均接受手术治疗及术后以铂类为基础的联合化疗,2例术后无瘤生存;10例术后2年内复发,其中2例经再次治疗后缓解生存,1例正接受化疗,5例死亡,2例失访。结论卵巢癌肉瘤预后差,手术及术后以铂类为基础的联合化疗是卵巢癌肉瘤的主要治疗方法,预后与减瘤术后残存病灶大小有关,复发性卵巢癌肉瘤患者经积极治疗后仍有可能获得缓解,血清CA125可作为观察化疗疗效的标志物,并用于治疗后的监测随访。     

拓扑替康单药治疗顺铂耐药复发卵巢癌30例临床观察

卵巢上皮癌在女性恶性肿瘤中病死率最高,肿瘤细胞减灭术后结合以铂类为基础联合化疗是目前卵巢癌的标准治疗方案。卵巢癌对化疗相对敏感,一线化疗的临床缓解率可达80%以上。然而,绝大多数肿瘤会最终复发,需要进行二线化疗。我院于2003～2006年应用拓扑替康作为二线方案     

晚期、复发性卵巢癌的药物治疗

晚期、复发性卵巢癌常需再次化疗与手术,本文对二线化疗及二次减瘤术的效果阐述如下。1卵巢癌的二线化疗以顺铂为基础的联合化疗应用于卵巢癌的治疗,并取得较好的疗效。但经过初次化疗后有40%～60%的患者复发,加上一部分患者对初次化疗无效,这意味着多数卵巢癌患者需要进行再次     

紫杉醇联合卡铂化疗卵巢癌的护理

目前,临床上已将紫杉醇与铂类联合化疗作为治疗晚期卵巢癌的一线化疗方案[1],旨在联合用药、协同作用以提高疗效.近年来我院应用紫杉醇与卡铂联合化疗卵巢癌患者21例,本文就护理体会报告如下. 1 临床资料 2008年2月至2010年10月在我院化疗的21例卵巢癌患者21例,年龄39～71岁、平均55岁,均经病理确诊为卵巢癌中晚期,化疗前患者的血常规、肝肾功能及心电图检查基本正常,无化疗禁忌证.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.