精神分裂症患者亲属抑郁焦虑状况调查

目的 了解精神分裂症患者亲属的焦虑抑郁状况.方法 采用抑郁自评量表（SDS）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）量表及自编一般项目调查表对78名精神分裂症患者亲属进行测评分析.结果 精神分裂症患者亲属焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表评分均显著高于全国常模（均P＜ 0.01）;无固定职业亲属焦虑自评量表评分高于有固定职业亲属（P＜0.05）.其中抑郁情绪检出率为70.51％,焦虑情绪检出率为61.54％,二者同时存在者高达51.28％.结论 精神分裂症患者亲属存在诸多的焦虑抑郁情绪问题,因此有针对性的进行心理干预,对提高患者亲属的支持度和监护能力,促进患者早日康复回归社会,降低复发率具有重要意义.     

腹膜透析患者主要家庭照顾者的抑郁状况与其社会支持及患者日常生活能力的相关性

目的：了解连续性不卧床腹膜透析患者主要家庭照顾者的抑郁情况,探讨主要照顾者的抑郁状况及其与所得到的社会支持和所照顾患者生活质量的相关性。方法选择123对腹膜透析患者及其主要家庭照顾者为研究对象,采用流行病学调查用抑郁自评量表、社会支持量表及自编一般情况调查表对主要照顾者进行问卷调查,同时进行患者一般情况及日常生活能力调查。结果腹膜透析患者主要照顾者的抑郁自评分为（20．46±8．40）分,高于国内常模,且超过正常范围界值;所调查的主要照顾者中有60．16％存在抑郁症状,家庭经济情况差、自费患者和伴有其他并发症的患者,其照顾者抑郁发生率显著升高（P ＜0．05）;有抑郁症状的照顾者与其所感知的社会支持和所照顾患者的自我生活能力呈负相关。结论腹膜透析患者的家庭主要照顾者存在较为严重的抑郁情绪和较低的社会支持感知度,医护人员、家庭和社会应共同关注腹膜透析患者照顾者的抑郁问题,及时提供心理干预,加强社会支持度,提高照顾者的生活质量和照顾质量。     

冠心病患者亲属心理状况调查

目的：了解冠心病患者亲属的心理健康状况.方法： 采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）及自制一般情况调查表对100例冠心病患者亲属进行测试,并分别与国内常模作对照.结果：冠心病患者亲属SCL-90总分,躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖因子分显著高于国内常模.SDS、SAS评分显著高于国内常模.结论：冠心病患者亲属心理问题突出,为促进冠心病患者的康复,应对其亲属进行心理干预.     

脑卒中患者配偶的焦虑抑郁状况及影响因素

目的:卒中事件的发生对卒中患者及其配偶产生沉重的心理压力.文中旨在了解脑卒中患者配偶的焦虑抑郁状况及其影响因素,为制订干预措施提供理论依据. 方法:收集患者及其配偶作为照顾者的基本资料.采用焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表和社会支持评定量表的方法,对140例脑卒中患者的配偶进行问卷调查. 结果:脑卒中患者配偶的焦虑自评分均值为(38.3±10.9)分、抑郁自评分均值为(41.1±10.9)分,均高于国内常模(P<0.05);有焦虑症状者占40.7%,抑郁症状者占44.3%,亦均高于正常人群.多元回归分析结果显示,患者配偶抑郁评分与患者Rankin 量表评分值、配偶年龄、自我感觉压力值均有相关性.配偶焦虑评分与患者Rankin 量表评分值、是否工作、自我感觉压力值及客观支持有相关性,其中与是否工作及客观支持呈负相关. 结论:脑卒中患者的配偶存在较严重的焦虑抑郁情绪.患者Rankin 量表评分值高、配偶年龄大、自我感觉压力高是患者配偶抑郁状况的主要影响因素.患者Rankin 量表评分值高、没有工作、自我感觉压力高及客观支持分较低者是患者配偶焦虑状况的主要影响因素.     

居家老年性痴呆患者配偶的抑郁焦虑状况及影响因素

目的痴呆患者生活自理能力明显下降,因此其配偶常因照顾痴呆患者产生严重的抑郁焦虑症状。文中研究探讨老年性痴呆患者配偶抑郁焦虑状况及其影响因素,为其进行心理干预提供参考依据。方法收集痴呆患者及其配偶作为照料者的基本资料。采用Zung氏抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)、Zung氏焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxi-ety scale,SAS)及社会支持评定量表(social support rating scale,SSRS)对90例痴呆患者的配偶进行问卷调查。结果痴呆患者配偶的抑郁自评分为(42.5±10.9)、焦虑自评分为(38.6±11.4),且均高于国内正常人群常模(P<0.05)。入组的患者配偶有抑郁症状者占52.2%,有焦虑症状者占42.2%,亦均高于国内正常人群(P<0.05)。多元回归分析结果显示,患者配偶抑郁评分与患者临床痴呆评定量表评分值(clinical dementia rating,CDR)、配偶自我感觉压力值、社会支持利用度有相关性,其中与社会支持利用度呈负相关;配偶焦虑评分与配偶自我感觉压力值和客观支持有相关性,其中与客观支持...     

老年复发肺结核患者亲属的心理健康分析

目的:探讨老年复发肺结核患者的亲属的心理健康状况.方法:应用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、抑郁自评量表(CES-D)评定53例老年复发肺结核患者的亲属(研究组)并与60例健康人(对照组)进行比较.结果:老年复发肺结核患者的亲属SCL-90躯体化、敌对、偏执、精神病性4项因子分高于对照组.CES-D显示老年复发肺结核患者的亲属中抑郁症状较为常见.结论:老年复发肺结核患者的亲属普遍存在抑郁及其他心理健康问题与患者躯体疾病有关.     

冠心病患者照顾者抑郁状况与社会支持的相关性分析

目的：调查冠心病患者照顾者的抑郁及社会支持状况。方法选取抑郁自评量表（SDS）及社会支持量表（SSRS）对照顾者的心理状况进行测定。结果冠心病患者照顾者的抑郁得分为（38.79±5.86）,高于国内常模（P＜0.05）;社会支持总分及各维度分值与国内常模比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;抑郁评分与客观支持、主观支持和对支持的利用度均呈显著负相关（P＜0.05）。结论冠心病患者照顾者存在较严重的抑郁情绪,其与社会支持水平密切相关,应给与有针对性措施改善照顾者的心理健康水平。     

男性住院精神疾病患者亲属的心理健康状况的调查

目的探讨男性精神病患者亲属的心理健康状况.方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对89例亲属的心理健康状况进行了调查.结果男性精神疾病亲属存在着明显的心理问题,主要表现为躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、恐惧等,SCL-90评分明显高于国内常模.结论男性精神疾病患者亲属存在着明显的心理问题,积极地做好他们的心理干预,有利于提高他们的心理健康水平.     

癌症患者配偶的心理健康状况的比较研究

目的了解癌症患者配偶的心理健康状况。方法用自编的一般情况调查表调查人口学方面的资料,采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）,社会支持评定量表（SSRS）,生活满意度指数A量表（LSIA）评定观察组及对照组的心理健康状况。结果癌症患者配偶的SCL-90各因子得分在躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖因子方面明显高于普通人群的配偶;癌症患者配偶的SSRS的社会支持总分[（38．58±2．42）分]、主观支持评分[（18．76±2．39）分]和支持利用度评分[（9．47±2．16）分],显著低于普通人群的配偶[（43．14±8．23）分,（22．48±4．96）分,（11．79±2．65）分];癌症患者配偶的LSRA评分[（9．73±3．25）分]明显低于普通人群的配偶[（13．47±2．63）分]。结论癌症患者的配偶心理压力明显高于普通人群的配偶,并存在更多的心理卫生问题,应为他们提供更多的心理帮助和社会支持。     

癌症患者的抑郁特征及相关因素研究

目的探讨癌症患者抑郁症状的发病、分布特征及其相关因素。方法采用自编问卷、抑郁自评量表、医学应对方式问卷、社会支持评定量表对154例癌症患者进行测评;对抑郁自评量表(SDS)得分>53分的患者按照ICD-10有关抑郁障碍的诊断标准进行诊断,采用相关和回归分析研究癌症抑郁的相关因素。结果①癌症患者抑郁症状的检出率为60.8%,其中符合ICD-10诊断标准的占47.5%;癌症患者的情绪障碍包括急性应激反应、创伤后应激障碍、抑郁症、适应障碍、焦虑抑郁混合状态、药源性抑郁和器质性抑郁等;②相关分析显示,癌症抑郁与性别、文化程度、家庭收入呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与病程呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与应对方式中的面对(P<0.05)和回避因子(P<0.05)呈显著负相关,与屈服(P<0.05)呈显著正相关;与客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度的评分呈负相关(P<0.05)。③以抑郁总分为应变量,进行逐步多元回归分析,躯体不适、屈服、病程、主观支持和支持利用度进入回归方程。结论减轻患者抑郁通过以下方式,如重视患者的躯体症状,适时止痛,减轻躯体不适;过度医疗带来的副反应、屈服的应对方式也增加患者的抑郁风险,社会支持尤其情感的支持(主观支持)及患者对支持的利用度能减少患者的抑郁风险。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.