上颌中切牙牙龈生物型的相关因素分析

目的评估不同参考线处上颌中切牙唇、腭侧骨板厚度情况及釉牙骨质界到唇侧牙槽嵴顶距离;探究上颌中切牙牙龈生物型与性别、年龄、牙冠唇面形态、牙槽骨厚度以及与釉牙骨质界到唇侧牙槽嵴顶距离的相关性。方法对118位受试者进行CBCT扫描,测量上颌中切牙唇、腭侧骨板厚度情况、釉牙骨质界到牙槽嵴顶距离;使用牙周探针法测量上述受试者的牙龈生物型,记录并分析其相关性结果牙龈生物型与性别、年龄、中切牙唇面形态无明显相关性;上颌中切牙的釉牙骨质界至唇侧牙槽嵴顶距离为(2.63±0.98)mm,牙龈生物型与该距离无相关性(r=-0.051,P>0.05),27.1%的唇侧骨板部分缺失;牙龈生物型与距釉牙骨质界根方3 mm、5 mm处唇侧骨板厚度的相关系数(r)分别为0.747、0.281(P<0.05)结论 (1)上颌中切牙接近1/3的唇侧骨板伴有部分缺失,釉牙骨质界至唇侧牙槽嵴顶距离与牙龈生物型无相关性;(2)当患者上颌中切牙唇侧骨板完整时,牙龈生物型与唇侧骨板厚度呈正相关。     

牙龈厚度与上前牙唇侧骨板厚度的相关性研究

目的：测量分析上前牙牙龈厚度与唇侧骨板厚度及牙槽嵴顶到釉牙骨质界距离的相关性。方法：对30位青年受试者用间接显影法进行 CBCT 扫描,测量并记录以下数据并进行统计分析：龈缘下2 mm 牙龈厚度,牙槽嵴顶下2、4、6 mm 骨板厚度,牙槽嵴顶到釉牙骨质界的距离。CBCT 测量的准确性用直接测量法进行检测。结果：牙龈厚度与牙槽嵴顶下2、4、6 mm 处骨板厚度相关系数（r）分别为0．493、0．383、0．342（P ＜0．001）,牙龈厚度与牙槽嵴顶至釉牙骨质界距离相关系数（r）为－0．213（P ＜0．01）。CBCT 扫描法测量与直接测量法之间差异无统计学意义（t ＝－0．521,P ＝0．603）结论：上前牙唇侧中央牙龈厚度与对应牙槽骨骨板厚度正相关,与牙槽嵴顶到釉牙骨质界的距离呈负相关。     

上颌前牙唇侧牙龈厚度、牙槽骨厚度及牙根牙槽骨交角的相关性研究

目的 运用锥形束CT测量上颌前牙唇侧牙龈厚度、牙槽骨厚度以及牙根与牙槽骨的位置关系,分析三者之间的相关性,为口腔美学修复、种植方案选择、预后判断及疗效评估提供依据。方法 选取40名牙周健康的志愿者,男性16名,女性24名,年龄范围23~34岁,平均（26.30±2.29）岁。运用锥形束CT间接显影法测量受试者的上颌前牙区唇侧釉牙骨质界处牙龈厚度,牙槽嵴顶根方1、3、5 mm处牙槽骨厚度,以及牙根与牙槽骨所成交角。结果 上颌前牙唇侧牙龈平均厚度为（1.08±0.34） mm,牙槽骨平均厚度为（0.79±0.29） mm,牙根与牙槽骨交角均值为18.01°±8.96°;上颌前牙唇侧牙槽骨厚度与牙龈厚度有正相关关系（r=0.293,P=0.001）,尖牙处唇侧牙槽骨厚度与牙根牙槽骨交角呈正相关关系（r=0.457,P=0.003）。结论 上颌前牙唇侧牙槽骨薄,牙根与牙槽骨存在一定角度,唇侧牙龈厚度与牙槽骨厚度具有相关性;种植治疗时应充分考虑种植位点牙龈厚度、牙槽骨厚度及牙根在牙槽骨内的位置方向,选择合理的术式以期获得良好的种植功能及美学效果。     

67名正常青年人上前牙区唇、腭侧骨厚度测量分析

目的:对汉族正常青年人上前牙区不同位点的唇、腭侧牙槽骨厚度进行测量,为术前评估、治疗方案制定及预后评估提供参考。方法:通过锥形束CT(CBCT)对67名符合条件的汉族青年志愿者进行上颌骨扫描。三维重建后,对前牙区唇、腭侧骨厚度进行测量。利用SPSS17.0软件包对测量数据进行配对t检验、独立样本t检验、方差分析及χ2检验。结果:1唇侧骨板除所有前牙L5处及上颌尖牙L1处厚度均数>1.00 mm外,其余测量位点唇侧骨板厚度均数均<1.00mm,而腭侧骨板厚度均数均>1.00 mm;2唇侧骨板厚度均小于腭侧骨板厚度(P<0.001);33种前牙唇侧骨板厚度在参考线L3与L4处厚度最小(P<0.001),腭侧骨板厚度自L1至L5逐渐增大(P<0.05);4仅在上颌尖牙L2处及所有前牙L5处唇侧骨板厚度<1.00 mm的频率<50%,男性上颌侧切牙L3、L4处及上颌尖牙L4处唇侧骨板缺如所占频率>50%;5男性切牙区唇侧骨板凹陷角度较尖牙小(P<0.05),唇侧骨板最凹点与根尖点之间的距离在男性上颌中切牙最大(P<0.05),女性牙位间无显著差异。结论:正常青年人上前牙牙槽骨骨板菲薄甚至缺如,且唇、腭侧骨厚度和形态存在差异。     

上前牙矢状面牙根位置分类及唇侧骨板厚度的CBCT研究

目的 应用锥形束CT（CBCT）对上颌前牙矢状面牙根在牙槽骨中的解剖位置进行分类,并测量其唇侧骨板厚度,为上颌前牙即刻种植修复治疗提供影像学研究数据。方法 回顾性筛选出200名患者的CBCT影像,其中男性80名,女性120名。CBCT矢状面影像中,上前牙牙根在牙槽骨中的位置分为4类,并且测量其唇侧牙槽嵴顶下1.5 mm处唇侧骨板的厚度。结果 中切牙4种分类的发生率分别为I类80.5%、Ⅱ类7.5%、Ⅲ类1%以及Ⅳ类11%,侧切牙的发生率分别为I类72%、Ⅱ类11.5%、Ⅲ类1%以及Ⅳ类15.5%,尖牙的发生率分别为I类82%、Ⅱ类9.5%、Ⅲ类0%以及Ⅳ类8.5%。中切牙唇侧骨板平均厚度男性为（1.10±0.26）mm、女性为（0.98±0.19）mm,侧切牙唇侧骨板平均厚度男性为（0.87±0.20）mm、女性为（0.83±0.20）mm,尖牙唇侧骨板平均厚度男性为（1.18±0.35）mm、女性为（1.04±0.25）mm。除侧切牙外,中切牙和尖牙唇侧骨板厚度男性均大于女性,且差异具有统计学意义。结论 上前牙矢状面牙根位置的影像学分类研究对该区域患牙即刻种植修复治疗手术有导向性意义,并且上前牙牙槽嵴顶下1.5 mm处唇侧骨板菲薄,即刻种植修复前应结合以上两点进行详细评估。     

上颌前牙牙龈厚度与牙槽骨厚度相关性的数字化测量分析

目的用数字化方法探讨分析上颌前牙唇侧牙龈厚度和牙槽骨厚度的相关性,为上颌前牙区美学修复及种植治疗提供参考。方法根据纳入及排除标准,选取2020年5至10月于第四军医大学口腔医学院口腔修复科行后牙种植修复的患者,共纳入57例,其中男性23例,女性34例,年龄(25.8±4.5)岁。采用口内扫描仪进行口内扫描,并拍摄锥形束CT,利用种植导板软件进行口内扫描数据和锥形束CT数据的拟合配准,测量并记录上颌中切牙、侧切牙和尖牙唇侧龈缘下2 mm处牙龈厚度以及牙槽嵴顶下2、4 mm处牙龈厚度及牙槽骨厚度。结果57例患者上颌中切牙、侧切牙、尖牙龈缘下2 mm处牙龈厚度分别为(1.42±0.21)、(1.19±0.17)和(1.23±0.20)mm(F=12.47,P<0.001);男性上颌前牙龈缘下2 mm和牙槽嵴顶下4 mm处牙龈厚度[分别为(1.31±0.21)和(0.67±0.22)mm]分别显著大于女性相应测量项目[分别为(1.26±0.22)和(0.58±0.19)mm](t=2.01和3.97,P<0.05);上颌前牙唇侧牙槽嵴顶下2、4 mm处牙龈厚度与牙槽骨厚度均呈正相关(r=0.387和0.344,P均<0.05)。结论上颌中切牙牙龈厚度大于侧切牙和尖牙;男性牙龈厚度大于女性;上颌前牙唇侧牙槽嵴顶下2、4 mm处牙龈厚度与牙槽骨厚度呈正相关,即牙龈越厚,牙槽骨也越厚。     

牙周生物型与唇侧牙槽骨骨板厚度的关系：一项体内试验研究

本研究的主要目的是评估牙周薄龈生物型（thinperiodontalbiotypes）与牙周厚龈生物型（thickperiodontaIbiotypes）两者唇侧牙槽骨骨板（IabjaIPIatethickness）厚度是否存在差异。牙周生物型与唇侧牙槽骨骨板厚度的关系是通过对60位受试者上前牙（双侧中切牙、双侧侧切牙和双侧尖牙）的相关资料评估后获得的．受试者资料包括锥形束CT（cone beam computerd tomographs．CBCT）．诊断模型（diagnosticimpressions）和牙周临床检查数据。牙周薄龈生物型与厚型比较,唇侧牙槽骨骨板更薄（P〈0．001）．角化龈宽度更窄（P〈0．001）．釉牙骨质界至牙槽嵴顶距离（P=0.02）更长．且龈沟内探诊时探针更可见（Probe ViSibl Jity）。但牙周生物型与牙齿的长宽比或颊侧龈退缩无关。结论：牙周生物型与唇侧牙槽骨骨板厚度、角化龈宽度、牙槽嵴顶位置、牙龈形态和探诊时探针可见度有密切关系,与颊侧牙龈退缩无关。     

下前牙骨皮质切开术联合骨增量手术对唇侧骨增量的疗效评价

目的 评价下前牙骨皮质切开术联合骨增量手术对唇侧牙槽骨增量的效果.方法 回顾下前牙行骨皮质切开术联合骨增量手术患者术前、术后3个月和术后1年的锥形束CT(cone-beam computed tomography,CBCT),测量牙根长度、釉牙骨质界(cemento-enamel junction,CEJ)到牙槽嵴顶的距离以及距离CEJ 7 mm和9 mm处唇侧牙槽骨厚度,比较三个时间点各项指标的差异.结果 该手术对牙根长度无显著影响(P>0.05);与术前相比,术后3个月和术后1年牙槽嵴顶到CEJ的距离显著减少(P<0.05);术后1年牙槽嵴顶到CEJ的距离较术后3个月明显增加(P<0.05);总体与术前相比,术后3个月和术后1年距离CEJ 7 mm和9 mm处唇侧牙槽骨的厚度均显著增加(P<0.05).结论 骨皮质切开术联合骨增量手术对下前牙唇侧牙槽骨厚度的增加具有显著效果,对于下前牙正畸治疗有重要的临床意义.     

安氏I类错儿童上颌切牙唇腭侧齿槽厚度的CBCT研究

目的:采用CBCT影像测量安氏I类错患儿上颌前牙唇倾度及前牙唇腭侧齿槽骨的厚度,探讨上颌切牙与其支持骨的空间位置关系。方法:选取深圳市儿童医院口腔正畸科2010.1～2012.1年间就诊的正畸患儿25名,年龄11～14岁,平均12.5岁,男9例,女16例。Angle I类轻度错畸形。上前牙排列良好,无严重拥挤。所有病例均拍摄CBCT影像,在重建后的图像下进行定量测量。测定上切牙唇腭向的倾斜度,上切牙不同层面唇腭侧齿槽骨的厚度,上切牙根尖上方唇侧齿槽骨的曲度以及上切牙根尖距唇侧齿槽骨最凹点的距离。测量得到的数据采用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析。结果:釉牙骨质界下2 mm唇侧骨板的厚度:中切牙(0.96±0.32)mm,侧切牙(0.78±0.32)mm。釉牙骨质界下2 mm腭侧骨板的厚度:中切牙(1.53±0.40)mm,侧切牙(1.12±0.48)mm。中切牙与腭平面的角度为114.59°±5.25°,侧切牙与腭平面的角度为111.75°±5.98°。切牙根尖上方唇侧齿槽骨的曲度:中切牙145.70°±11.09°,侧切牙156.92°±8.33°。切牙根尖距其上方唇侧齿槽骨最凹点的距离:中切牙(2.88±1.49)mm,侧切牙(2.69±0.99)mm。结论:上颌中切牙较侧切牙更加唇倾,切牙唇侧骨板均较薄,腭侧骨板相对较厚。切牙根尖位置更接近齿槽骨的唇侧。     

安氏I类错(牙合)儿童上颌切牙唇腭侧齿槽厚度的CBCT研究

目的:采用CBCT影像测量安氏I类错(牙合)患儿上颌前牙唇倾度及前牙唇腭侧齿槽骨的厚度,探讨上颌切牙与其支持骨的空间位置关系.方法:选取深圳市儿童医院口腔正畸科2010.1～2012.1年间就诊的正畸患儿25名,年龄11～14岁,平均12.5岁,男9例,女16例.Angle I类轻度错(牙合)畸形.上前牙排列良好,无严重拥挤.所有病例均拍摄CBCT影像,在重建后的图像下进行定量测量.测定上切牙唇腭向的倾斜度,上切牙不同层面唇腭侧齿槽骨的厚度,上切牙根尖上方唇侧齿槽骨的曲度以及上切牙根尖距唇侧齿槽骨最凹点的距离.测量得到的数据采用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析.结果:釉牙骨质界下2 mm唇侧骨板的厚度:中切牙(0.96±0.32) mm,侧切牙(0.78±0.32) mm.釉牙骨质界下2 mm腭侧骨板的厚度:中切牙(1.53±0.40) mm,侧切牙(1.12±0.48) mm.中切牙与腭平面的角度为114.59°±5.25°,侧切牙与腭平面的角度为111.75°±5.98°.切牙根尖上方唇侧齿槽骨的曲度:中切牙145.70°±11.09°,侧切牙156.92°±8.33°.切牙根尖距其上方唇侧齿槽骨最凹点的距离:中切牙(2.88±1.49) mm,侧切牙(2.69±0.99) mm.结论:上颌中切牙较侧切牙更加唇倾,切牙唇侧骨板均较薄,腭侧骨板相对较厚.切牙根尖位置更接近齿槽骨的唇侧.     

Assessment of gingival biotype and facial hard/soft tissue dimensions in the maxillary anterior teeth region using cone beam computed tomography

ObjectiveThis study sought to assess the relationship between facial gingival and bone dimensions in maxillary anterior teeth region using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).DesignThis study assessed 621 maxillary anterior teeth in 144 patients. In the sagittal plane, facial bone thickness (BT) and gingival thickness (GT) were measured at the crestal level and at 2, 4 and 6 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ). The dentogingival complex (DGC) dimensions and the distance from the CEJ to bone crest were also measured on CBCT scans. To determine the gingival biotype, GT at 2 mm apical to the gingival margin was measured and GT <1.5 mm was categorized as thin while GT ≥1.5 mm was categorized as thick. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 via repeated measures ANOVA and the Cochrane’s Q, chi-square and independent samples t-tests.ResultsThe BT around the maxillary central and lateral incisors and canine teeth at 4 and 6 mm apical to the CEJ was significantly different in thick and thin gingival biotypes (P < 0.05). The mean GT at 2 and 4 mm apical to the CEJ was significantly different around central and lateral incisors (P < 0.05). Thickness of crestal bone was significantly different between the two gingival biotypes around central and lateral incisors (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe two gingival biotypes had significantly different mean BT; different biotypes and their relationship to BT varied around anterior maxillary teeth.     

Changes in the gingival thickness and keratinized gingival width of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth after orthodontic treatment

ObjectivesTo evaluate changes in the gingival thickness (GT) and keratinized gingival width (KGW) of the maxillary and mandibular central and lateral incisors and canines after fixed orthodontic treatment and their association with sagittal tooth movement (STM).Materials and MethodsIn this study of both arches, 60 periodontally healthy subjects who had completed fixed orthodontic treatment were included. Using pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalograms, STM of the maxillary (1-NA angle and distance, and 1-SN angle) and mandibular (1-NB angle and distance, and IMPA angle) incisors were evaluated to divide the subjects into protrusion and retrusion groups. Pretreatment and posttreatment GT was identified via transgingival probing, and KGW was calculated from the free gingival margin to the mucogingival junction.ResultsThe intragroup pretreatment and posttreatment comparison results showed a significant decrease in the GT of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth in the protrusion and retrusion groups and a decrease in the KGW of the maxillary lateral incisors in the protrusion group. Pearson correlation coefficient analyses for maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth revealed that the GT changes were not significantly associated with STM. However, a positive correlation existed between the KGW of tooth numbers 13 and 41 and STM.ConclusionsSTM was not significantly associated with decreased GT of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth, but it was positively correlated with the KGW of tooth numbers 13 and 41.     

锥形束CT法在上颌前牙区牙龈厚度评估中的应用

目的 探究锥形束CT(CBCT)法在不同牙位、不同牙龈生物型及不同牙龈退缩类型上颌前牙区牙龈厚度评估中的应用。方法 选择2018年3月至2019年7月在我院口腔科接受CBCT检查的40例患者（225颗患牙）为研究对象，测量上颌前牙区龈缘下2 mm各患牙的牙龈厚度，比较其在不同牙位、牙龈生物型、牙龈退缩类型的差异。结果 中切牙的牙龈厚度（1.56±0.32） mm>侧切牙的牙龈厚度（1.34±0.28） mm>尖牙的牙龈厚度（1.13±0.24） mm；无退缩牙龈厚度（1.42±0.38） mm>退缩牙龈厚度（1.19±0.37） mm，退缩程度越深，牙龈厚度越小，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；中切牙多为厚龈型，侧切牙和尖牙多为薄龈型；大部分患者为薄龈生物型，薄龈型相比厚龈型更容易发生牙龈退缩。CBCT法测量牙龈厚度具有准确性和可重复性。结论 CBCT法在上颌前牙区不同牙位、牙龈生物型及牙龈退缩类型上评估牙龈厚度具有良好的准确性。有助于牙科医生选择牙周治疗方案、评估美学修复预后提供参考依据。     

Changes of anterior maxillary alveolar bone thickness following incisor proclination and extrusion

Objective:To investigate changes in maxillary alveolar bone thickness after maxillary incisor proclination and extrusion during anterior crossbite correction in a group of growing patients with Class III malocclusion.Materials and Methods:Maxillary incisors of 15 growing patients with anterior crossbite were proclined and extruded with 0.016″ beta-titanium advancing loops and Class III elastics. Lateral cephalograms were recorded before advancement (T₀) and 4 months after a normal overjet and overbite were achieved (T₁). Changes in alveolar bone thickness surrounding the maxillary incisors at the crestal (S1), midroot (S2), and apical (S3) levels were measured using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Paired t-tests were used to determine the significance of the changes. A Spearman rank correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between thickness changes and the rate and amount of incisor movements.Results:Although statistically significant decreases were observed in palatal and total bone thickness at the S2 and S3 level (P < .05), the amounts of these changes were clinically insignificant, ranging from 0.34 to 0.59 mm. Changes in labial bone thickness at all levels were not significant. Changes in palatal bone thickness at S3 were negatively correlated with changes in incisor inclination. (r  =  −0.71; P < .05).Conclusion:In a group of growing patients with Class III malocclusion undergoing anterior crossbite correction, controlled tipping mechanics accompanied by extrusive force may produce successful tooth movement with minimal iatrogenic detriment to the alveolar bone.     

A non-invasive method for the assessment of gingival thickness in the aesthetic zone and the concept of the gingival geometric ratio in an Asian population

The aim of this study was to investigate the gingival thickness and biologic width in the aesthetic zone (maxillary central and lateral incisors) in an Asian population using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) as a non-invasive measurement method, prior to immediate implant placement. The gingival geometric ratio is introduced as a new parameter for assessing soft tissue stability and hence predicting the aesthetic outcome. The gingival thickness, biologic width category (normal, high, and low crest), and gingival geometric ratio (shape and configuration of the gingival tissues) were assessed for 171 central and 175 lateral incisors on high-resolution CBCT images. Thick gingivae were found in 93.6% of the central incisors and 64% of the lateral incisors (P < 0.001). The difference in thickness between the central and lateral incisors was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Regarding the biologic width of the facial gingival tissue, the majority of central (64.8%) and lateral (64.3%) incisors were categorized as low crest (>3 mm). The study found that most of the gingivae of the maxillary central incisors were thick, while thin gingivae were more prevalent in the lateral incisors. Therefore, an individual patient may have different gingival thickness types, and ‘one individual, one gingival biotype’ may not be true. Furthermore, the majority of the facial gingival tissues of the maxillary incisors were found to be low crest.     

Incisor position and alveolar bone thickness:: A comparative analysis of two untreated samples using lateral cephalograms

ObjectivesTo evaluate incisor position and its relationship to alveolar bone in untreated optimal occlusions and in untreated Class II malocclusions.Materials and MethodsFifty-seven lateral cephalograms of individuals with naturally occurring optimal occlusions (mean age = 23 years) were used to assess positions of central incisors and their relationships to alveolar bone. Data were compared to a sample of 57 individuals with untreated Class II malocclusions with concurrent anterior-posterior (AP) skeletal discrepancies (mean age = 16.9 years).ResultsSignificant intergroup differences were found for AP jaw relationship, maxillary alveolar bone thickness, mandibular incisor inclination, maxillary incisor root distance to labial surface of alveolar bone, and mandibular incisor root apex distance to labial surface of alveolar bone. Small differences between females and males existed for several variables. In both samples, maxillary incisor roots were located closer to the labial surface of alveolar process than to the palatal surface by roughly a 2:1 ratio. Mandibular incisor root apices were generally equidistant from the labial and lingual surfaces of the alveolus in the optimal sample but closer to the lingual surface in the Class II sample.ConclusionsMaxillary incisors tend to occupy the anterior one-third of the alveolus in untreated individuals, regardless of AP interarch dental relationships or AP jaw relationships. Mandibular incisor root apices tend to be centered within the alveolus in untreated optimal occlusions but are more positively inclined, and their root apices are more posterior in untreated Class II malocclusions.     

采用锥形束CT测量健康上前牙唇侧骨板形态及牙长轴倾角的变化

目的 采用锥形束CT（CBCT）图像数字化测量的方法,测量健康上前牙唇侧骨板厚度、釉牙骨质界（CEJ）到骨嵴顶距离及牙长轴倾角,并探讨可能的影响因素。方法 分析由Newtom VGI ^? CBCT机拍摄获得的345例CBCT影像,使用NNT软件分别在上颌中切牙、侧切牙和尖牙的正中矢状平面上测量CEJ下4 mm、根中点和根尖水平的唇侧骨板厚度,CEJ距骨嵴顶距离和牙长轴倾角,记录各牙位CEJ下4 mm水平唇侧骨板厚度≥1 mm的例数。结果 1）中切牙的牙长轴倾角,CEJ距骨嵴顶距离,CEJ下4 mm、根中点和根尖水平的骨板厚度均值分别为15.2°±6.2°、（1.5±1.0）mm、（0.8±0.4）mm、（0.6±0.4）mm和（1.3±0.7）mm;侧切牙和尖牙的上述5项测量值分别为16.2°±8.8°、（1.6±1.0）mm、（0.7±0.5）mm、（0.4±0.6）mm和（1.1±0.7）mm;19.0°±6.2°、（1.8±1.0）mm、（0.9±0.6）mm、（0.4±0.6）mm和（1.2±0.7）mm。2）345例患者中,中切牙、侧切牙和尖牙CEJ下4 mm水平骨板厚度≥1 mm者分别占28.3%、25.8%和42.7%。3）中切牙、侧切牙和尖牙CEJ到骨嵴顶距离与年龄高度相关,相关系数分别为0.42、0.50、0.62（P<0.01）。结论 健康上前牙唇侧骨板厚度较薄,CEJ到骨嵴顶距离随着年龄的增加而增加,牙长轴较牙槽突长轴舌倾,充分考虑这些特点有利于提高相关口腔治疗方案的安全性和预后。     

采用锥形束CT测量健康上前牙唇侧骨板形态及牙长轴倾角的变化

目的 采用锥形束CT（CBCT）图像数字化测量的方法,测量健康上前牙唇侧骨板厚度、釉牙骨质界（CEJ）到骨嵴顶距离及牙长轴倾角,并探讨可能的影响因素。方法 分析由Newtom VGI ^? CBCT机拍摄获得的345例CBCT影像,使用NNT软件分别在上颌中切牙、侧切牙和尖牙的正中矢状平面上测量CEJ下4 mm、根中点和根尖水平的唇侧骨板厚度,CEJ距骨嵴顶距离和牙长轴倾角,记录各牙位CEJ下4 mm水平唇侧骨板厚度≥1 mm的例数。结果 1）中切牙的牙长轴倾角,CEJ距骨嵴顶距离,CEJ下4 mm、根中点和根尖水平的骨板厚度均值分别为15.2°±6.2°、（1.5±1.0）mm、（0.8±0.4）mm、（0.6±0.4）mm和（1.3±0.7）mm;侧切牙和尖牙的上述5项测量值分别为16.2°±8.8°、（1.6±1.0）mm、（0.7±0.5）mm、（0.4±0.6）mm和（1.1±0.7）mm;19.0°±6.2°、（1.8±1.0）mm、（0.9±0.6）mm、（0.4±0.6）mm和（1.2±0.7）mm。2）345例患者中,中切牙、侧切牙和尖牙CEJ下4 mm水平骨板厚度≥1 mm者分别占28.3%、25.8%和42.7%。3）中切牙、侧切牙和尖牙CEJ到骨嵴顶距离与年龄高度相关,相关系数分别为0.42、0.50、0.62（P<0.01）。结论 健康上前牙唇侧骨板厚度较薄,CEJ到骨嵴顶距离随着年龄的增加而增加,牙长轴较牙槽突长轴舌倾,充分考虑这些特点有利于提高相关口腔治疗方案的安全性和预后。