重组人CD11α单克隆抗体生物学活性测定方法的优化

用竞争性荧光免疫抑制细胞实验法对重组人CD11α单克隆抗体注射剂进行生物学活性测定,对LFA1转染的293细胞的培养、抗体包被时间及活性测定过程中样品的制备等条件进行了优化,建立了规范可行的操作方法。3批样品的生物学活性分别为:1.03×104U/mg蛋白,0.98×104U/mg蛋白及0.97×104U/mg蛋白,5次测定的RSD分别为4.554、5.039及1.443。     

用模拟T4(CD4)表位的抗独特型抗体中和HIV分离物:一种潜在的艾滋病疫苗

T4抗原或CD4分子是HIV的受体,HIV抗血清协同沉淀CD4。并非所有的抗CD4单克隆抗体(McAb)都能在体外阻断HIV感染,但一些CD4抗体如抗-leu3a和抗-OKT4a在高稀释度时(>1∶3000)能阻断HIV感染。抗-leu 3a诱生的抗独特型抗体(抗-Id)带有同HIV受体位点一致的内影像,它能模拟抗原(CD4),并能与HIV包膜糖蛋白结合。这种内影像抗-Id可能抑制HIV对靶细胞上的CD4结合,导致病毒灭活。     

不锈钢血管支架蛋白涂层和携带质粒DNA的研究

目的：探讨在不锈钢冠状动脉支架上携带质粒基因，为心血管再狭窄基因治疗的临床应用提供试验依据。方法：支架表面用交联蛋白涂层；采用双官能团偶联剂将抗DNA抗体以化学键结合在蛋白涂层上．再与表达绿色荧光蛋白的质粒DNA免疫偶联：用同位素标记的抗体评价抗体与支架结合的稳定性，用体外细胞培养试验验证支架携带基因的转染效果。结果：交联蛋白涂层上化学键结合抗DNA抗体的量比单纯物理吸附高约15倍，支架上通过抗DNA抗体免疫偶联质粒DNA的细胞转染效率明显高于单纯物理吸附携带基因的支架。结论：本研究成功地在金属冠状动脉支架上用化学和免疫偶联携带质粒基因，实现了细胞培养中局部高效的基因表达。     

间接抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法测定人红细胞生成素(EPO)体外活性

目的　介绍一种经济、实用的红细胞生成素(EPO)体外活性检测方法—间接抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法。方法　采用捕捉抗体(单克隆抗体:鼠抗EPO)包被酶标板,然后用封闭液封闭酶标板,加入稀释成合适浓度的EPO样品进行温育,再加入EPO第二抗体(多克隆抗体:兔抗EPO)温育,然后加入酶连抗体(HRP -羊抗兔)温育,最后加入底物缓冲液显色,用酶标仪读数,计算出EPO体外效价。结果　该方法重复性好(CV <5 %),与ELISA试剂盒比较,两法测定的结果相符( P >0 . 5 )。结论　该方法是一种经济、实用、准确、可靠的红细胞生成素(EPO)体外活性检测方法,与EPOELISA试剂盒比较,大大降低了实验费用     

干细胞样U87胶质瘤细胞向内皮细胞转分化及VEGFR2人源化单克隆抗体的干预作用

目的建立干细胞样U87胶质瘤细胞向内皮细胞的转分化模型,初步评价抗VEGFR2人源化单克隆抗体对转分化的影响。方法体外诱导培养获得干细胞样U87胶质瘤细胞;流式细胞仪检测CD133+细胞含量;定量PCR检测CD133、Nestin以及VEGFR2表达;观察干细胞样U87细胞的致瘤能力、肿瘤生长速度和CD31表达情况;观察干细胞样U87细胞在Matrigel上血管状结构形成和CD31、CD34、vW F表达情况;建立干细胞样U87细胞向内皮细胞的转分化模型,评价抗VEGFR2人源单抗对转分化的抑制作用。结果获得干细胞球样的U87细胞,其肿瘤生长更快,且血管增多,接种在Matrigel上形成血管状结构,CD31、CD34、vW F表达增加;抗VEGFR2人源单抗使血管状结构和CD31、CD34、vW F表达均减少。结论成功建立干细胞样U8细胞向内皮细胞转分化模型,VEGFR2人源化单抗对转分化有抑制作用。     

涂覆CD34抗体层的药物洗脱冠脉支架的生物相容性评价

目的:通过体外和动物实验评价涂覆CD34抗体层药物洗脱冠脉支架的生物相容性,为该支架临床应用提供参考资料。方法:制备涂覆CD34抗体层的药物洗脱冠脉支架的浸提液,用该支架浸提液进行如下生物相容性试验研究:细胞毒性试验、溶血试验、皮内刺激试验、皮肤致敏试验、急性全身毒性试验及热原试验。结果:该支架细胞毒性分级为0级,无皮内刺激反应,无皮肤致敏反应,无急性全身毒性作用;溶血率为0,小于5%;支架材料无溶血作用;热原试验结果表明,3只实验家兔升温幅度均为0.1℃,低于0.6℃,且升温总和为0.3℃,低于1.3℃,无热原反应。结论:根据GB/T 16886医疗器械生物学评价的相关标准评定,该支架具有良好的生物相容性。     

重组融合蛋白抗CD20Fab-LDM的构建、表达及体外活性研究

目的构建和表达抗CD20Fab-LDP(力达霉素辅基蛋白)融合蛋白,制备强化融合蛋白抗CD20Fab-LDM(力达霉素),并测定该融合蛋白的生物学活性。方法采用PCR和overlapPCR方法构建抗CD20Fab-LDP融合蛋白,并用双脱氧终止法测定DNA序列;采用亲和层析法纯化该产物,并用Western blot鉴定纯化产物;采用FACS方法鉴定纯化产物与靶细胞的结合活性;采用冷乙二醇法制备强化融合蛋白抗CD20Fab-LDM;采用MTT法鉴定抗CD20Fab-LDM对CD20+Raji细胞特异性的细胞毒作用。结果DNA序列测定结果表明抗CD20Fab-LDP融合蛋白已构建成功,可溶性表达产物的产量可达4mg.L-1以上,具有与Raji细胞(CD20+)结合的活性,与抗CD20Fab的亲合常数相当,抗CD20Fab-LDM体外能特异性杀伤Raji细胞,IC50值为0.9×10-10mol.L-1。结论成功地构建了抗CD20Fab-LDP融合蛋白,并获得可溶性高效表达,表达产物具有与相应靶抗原结合的活性,并成功制备了抗CD20Fab-LDM强化融合蛋白,体外能特异性杀伤CD20+的Raji细胞。     

重组人纤维蛋白片段包被培养对CIK增殖和活性的影响

【摘要】目的 重组人纤维蛋白片段（RetroNectin）包被培养对细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞（cytokine-induced killer cells,CIK）体外增殖和杀伤活性的影响,以期获得扩增效率和活性更为理想的免疫活性细胞,为临床治疗提供依据。方法 提取急性白血病(Acute leukemia,AL)患者外周血单个核细胞,分别采用RetroNectin联合抗CD3单抗包被与传统方法培养获得CIK细胞,检测各组免疫活性细胞的增殖效率、上清液细胞因子含量、对自体白血病细胞的杀伤活性以及增殖过程中的凋亡情况。结果 ①不同RetroNectin浓度组CIK扩增倍数依次为254.31±41.03倍、233.35±50.12倍、174.29±32.83倍;传统方法CIK培养组为102.01±31.27（P<0.05）。②包被组培养上清液IL-2、IL-12、TNF、IFN-γ分泌高于传统培养方法组（P<0.05）。③CIK对自体白血病细胞的杀伤活性,RetroNectin包被组亦高于传统方法培养组（P<0.05）。④RetroNectin包被培养过程中细胞凋亡率较传统培养方法下降（P<0.05）。⑤细胞增殖、杀伤活性12.5ug/mL、9.375ug/mL的RetroNectin包被组均高于6.25ug/mL组（P<0.05）,且前两组差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 RetroNectin包被技术应用于CIK体外培养可以获得增殖率和活性更高的免疫活性细胞,是一种值得临床推荐的有效的培养方法。     

AIB1蛋白双单克隆抗体夹心ELISA检测法的建立及初步应用

目的 建立双单克隆抗体夹心ELISA方法检测血清中AIB1的水平,探讨其在AIB1蛋白检测中的应用价值.方法 应用抗AIB1-C单克隆抗体4B9F12作为固相抗体,Biotin-1A2E1作为标记抗体,ELISA双抗体夹心法检测AIB1.构建及优化的内容包括:最适包被浓度、最适包被缓冲液、生物素标记抗体工作的浓度;鉴定的指标包括:敏感性、特异性、稳定性等.结果 使用0.05 mo·L-1碳酸盐缓冲液(pH9.6)为包被缓冲液,包被抗体4B9F12工作浓度为10μg·mL-1,Biotin-1A2E1工作浓度选择1∶500;采用双抗体夹心法检测外周血中AIB1的特异性和敏感性均较高.结论 抗AIB1双抗体夹心ELISA方案的构建、鉴定达到了预期目的 ,为临床研究奠定了基础.     

抗HBsAg单链抗体特异性单克隆抗体的制备及应用

目的获得抗HBsAg单链抗体(HBScFv)的单克隆抗体,并初步研究其在抗HBsAg类小分子抗体及其融合蛋白质的纯化、活性鉴定方面的应用。方法利用杂交瘤技术,以大肠杆菌表达的重组抗HBScFv为抗原,免疫Balb/c小鼠,再将小鼠脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞SP2/0进行细胞融合。通过ELISA法、Western-blot鉴定特异性单克隆抗体,通过免疫双扩散法鉴定单抗亚型,并将筛选到的高效价单抗用于抗HBsAg Fab抗体等重组蛋白质的亲和色谱及ELISA鉴定。结果建立了9株能够稳定分泌抗HBScFv特异性单克隆抗体的细胞株,其细胞上清效价为1∶160~1∶12 800,腹水效价为1∶50 000~1∶400 000;单克隆抗体的亚类分析结果显示有6株为IgG1,其余3株为IgG2a。初步应用结果表明制备的单克隆抗体14F7可用于抗HBsAg Fab抗体等重组蛋白质的亲和色谱及活性鉴定。结论成功建立了能够稳定分泌HBScFv特异性单克隆抗体的细胞株。     

Preparation of PEG-grafted immunomagnetoliposomes entrapping citrate stabilized magnetite particles and their application in CD34+ cell sorting

Immunomagnetic systems have been used for positive selection of a cell fraction from a mixture using appropriate surface markers with satisfactory results, as haematopoietic CD34+ cells. This work reports on the development of poly(ethylene glycol)-grafted (PEG) immunoliposomes loaded with citrate-magnetite stabilized particles as the separation vehicles for immunomagnetic separations. The magnetic ferrofluid was encapsulated into PEG-liposomes by the DRV methodology. The magnetoliposomes had a liposomal size of approximately 450 nm and a Fe/lipid molar ratio of 1.52+/-0.26, and were retained in the magnetic field created by the MiniMACS system. Anti-CD34 immunomagnetoliposomes with 100 mAb/vesicle were prepared by coupling the My10 mAb and bound specifically for CD34+ KG-1a cells in culture and in mixtures with CD34-cells (CHO or Jurkat). The magnetic cell sorting was carried out in cell mixtures KG-1a/CHO or KG-1a/Jurkat with different initial% of CD34+ Kg-1a cells. For 10(6) positive cells and 100 microM of immunomagnetoliposomes, the capture efficiency was > 85% and independent of the starting percentage of CD34+ cells. The decrease of the final purity, when the starting percentage of CD34+ cells decreases and, dependent of the CD34- cell line used, point to the degree of non-specific cell binding of My10-immunomagnetoliposomes as being crucial, among of the methodological aspects as the number of starting CD34+ cells. The CD34+ cells isolated retained the viability with an estimated recovery of 45-50%.     

Novel and emerging drugs for rarer chronic lymphoid leukaemias

Rarer chronic lymphoid leukaemias represent a challenge to the clinicians due to the limited information on their pathogenesis, difficulties on setting up prospective clinical trials and to their refractoriness to drugs used in the most common form of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). In this review all these issues are addressed in three B-cell leukaemias: B-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia (B-PLL), hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) and HCL-variant and three T-cell leukaemias: T-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia (T-PLL), T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukaemia (T-cell LGLL) and adult T-cell leukaemia lymphoma (ATLL). Data will be presented on the natural history, current therapies and emerging drugs potentially useful in the treatment of patients with these leukaemias. Emphasis is made on: 1- the novel agents targeting a variety of B and T-cell antigens expressed on the surface of the leukaemic cells; these are either unconjugated monoclonal antibodies (McAb) such as Rituximab (anti-CD20), the second and third generation of anti-CD20 McAbs, Alemtuzumab (anti-CD52), Siplizumab (anti-CD2), Daclizumab (anti-CD25) and KW-0761, an anti-chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) or McAbs conjugated to toxins such as CD22 linked to the pseudomonas exotoxin or radiolabelled McAb; 2- the use of new purine nucleosides such as nelarabine and 3- agents targeting deregulated genes in the leukaemic cells from these diseases such as the Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) Olarapib in T-PLL with deregulation of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene. Data of phase I and II clinical studies with these agents as well as the potential and current use of other drugs are outlined.     

CD49d单抗加rhG-CSF动员外周血干细胞对造血重建的影响

目的探讨抗CD49d单克隆抗体穴McAb雪联用重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子穴rhG-CSF雪动员的外周血干细胞对造血重建的影响。方法经放、化疗预处理的BALB/c小鼠,分别接受经rhG-CSF(实验1组)、抗CD49dMcAb(实验2组)、抗CD49dMcAb联合rhG-CSF(实验3组)动员的同系小鼠的外周血干细胞移植,观察受体小鼠的4周存活率及外周血白细胞(WBC)、骨髓单核细胞(BMNC),粒细胞巨噬细胞集落形成单位(CFU-GM)及脾集落形成单位(CFU-S)等指标。结果实验3组小鼠的4周存活率、WBC、BMNC,CFU-GM、CFU-S数均明显高于实验1和2组,具有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论抗CD49dMcAb联合rhG-CSF应用能协同动员小鼠外周血干细胞,并能成功重建同系小鼠的造血功能。     

Mechanism of Binding and Internalization of ICAM-1-Derived Cyclic Peptides by LFA-1 on the Surface of T Cells: A Potential Method for Targeted Drug Delivery

Purpose. Peptides derived from the Domain 1 of the adhesion molecule ICAM-1_1-21 are being developed as targeting ligands for LFA-1 receptors expressed on activated T cells. This work aims to elucidate the binding and internalization of ICAM-1-derived cyclic peptides (cIBL, cIBC, and cIBR) to LFA-1. Methods. Ninety-six-well plates coated with soluble LFA-1 (sLFA-1) were used to characterize the binding of FITC-labeled peptide. An anti-CD11a antibody to the I-domain of LFA-1 was used to inhibit the binding of these peptides, which was quantified using a fluorescence plate reader. An unrelated FITC-labeled cyclic peptide was used as a negative control, and PE-labeled anti-CD11a antibodies (PE-R3.2 and PE-R7.1) were used as positive controls. Peptide binding to cell surface LFA-1 was visualized using colocalization of FITC-cIBR peptide and PE-labeled anti-CD18 antibody (LFA-1 -subunit) on SKW-3 T cells by fluorescent microscopy. Inhibition of ICAM-1 binding to LFA-1 by peptides was evaluated using a Biacore assay. Binding and internalization of FITC-labeled peptides were evaluated by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy at 4°C and 37°C. Results. These FITC-labeled cyclic peptides bind to sLFA-1 and can be blocked by an anti-CD11a antibody to the I-domain, suggesting that their binding site is on the I-domain of LFA-1. The FITC-cIBR peptide was localized with an anti-CD18 antibody on the surface of T cells, indicating that the FITC-cIBR peptide binds to LFA-1 on the cell surface. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy demonstrated that FITC-labeled peptides were internalized in a temperature-dependent manner. Biacore analysis demonstrated that these peptides did not inhibit sICAM-1 from binding to immobilized sLFA-1. However, the binding properties of the soluble forms of LFA-1 and ICAM-1 may not correlate to their interaction at the cell surface. Conclusions. Cyclic ICAM-1-derived peptides (cIBL, cIBC, and cIBR) bind to the I-domain of LFA-1 and are internalized by LFA-1 receptors on the surface of T cells. Therefore, these peptides could be used to target and deliver drugs to the cytoplasmic domain of T cells.     

单克隆抗体—表阿霉素免疫偶合物的制备和体外活性

用双功能试剂己二酰肼制备腙键连接的聚谷氨酸—表阿霉素,通过控制交联条件,所得产物克服了大分子自身交联的缺点,交联率较高。聚谷氨酸的载药量与分子量呈正比,平均每8～11个谷氨酸单体连接1分子表阿霉素。分子量为14300的聚谷氨酸做载体其载药量为1:11,与单抗交联所得的偶合物McAb:PGA:PAR为1:2:22。偶合物较好地保留了抗体活性,体外细胞毒性较游离药物略有下降,但表现出单抗介导的靶细胞选择性杀伤作用。本研究用腙键交联法成功地制备了药/抗比高且体外有效的免疫偶合物,为进一步制备细胞靶向的肿瘤化疗制剂奠定了基础。     

Stent-based delivery of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides targeted to the PDGF A-chain decreases in-stent restenosis of the coronary artery

BACKGROUND: Although the use of drug-eluting stents (DESs) has been shown to limit neointima hyperplasia, currently available DESs may adversely affect reendothelialization, possibly precipitating cardiac events. We evaluated the effect of an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) targeted to the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) A-chain on in-stent restenosis in pig coronary artery. METHODS: A bare metal stent coated with phosphorothioate-linked antisense ODN or nonsense ODN, or a bare metal stent without ODN (control), was implanted in the mid segment of the left anterior descending artery (LAD). Twenty-eight days after implantation, angiography and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) were performed, the LAD was removed, and stenosis was evaluated pathologically. RESULTS: Volumetric stenosis ratios were 64 +/- 11.9, 44 +/- 3.4, and 26 +/- 3.8% in coronary arteries implanted with control, nonsense ODN-coated, and antisense ODN-coated stents, respectively. In angioscopic findings, the lumen surface was smooth in the stented segments in all groups. Struts of antisense ODN-coated stents were observed embedded in the neointima, whereas embedding was not observed in nonsense ODN-coated stents or control stents, indicating a decrease in hyperplasia in response to antisense ODN treatment. Pathologic findings showed 77 +/- 5.8, 68 +/- 12.2, and 38 +/- 5.3% stenosis in coronary arteries implanted with control stents, nonsense ODN-coated stents, and antisense ODN-coated stents, respectively. A continuous lining of endothelial cells was observed along the lumen of coronary arteries implanted with antisense ODN-coated stents. CONCLUSIONS: Stent-based delivery of an antisense ODN targeted to the PDGF A-chain effectively inhibits neointima formation after stent implantation in pig coronary artery by suppressing VSMC hyperplasia and preserving endothelialization. Antisense-ODNs may provide a therapy for in-stent restenosis of the coronary artery.     

肝癌组织γ-谷氨酰转移酶单克隆抗体制备及ELISA方法的建立

目的应用纯化的人肝癌组织中蔓陀罗凝集素(DSA)强结合的γ-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)制备单克隆抗体(McAb),并建立ELISA检测方法。方法应用亲和色谱法纯化肝癌组织中DSA强结合的GGT;采用单克隆抗体技术获得其McAb;protein A-Sepharose亲和色谱法纯化McAb,过碘酸钠法标记HRP法后建立ELISA方法。结果获得5株能特异性识别DSA强结合GGT的McAb细胞株,其中3株细胞所分泌McAb具有较高的特异性,应用所获得McAb进行HRP标记后,建立的ELISA方法,其检测灵敏度为10μg/L,批内及批间平均变异系数为8.9%和11.5%。结论成功制备了DSA强结合的GGT McAb杂交瘤细胞系,并建立了ELISA免疫学检测方法,为临床应用打下基础。     

可吸收冠脉支架耐疲劳评价体系的研究

目的:建立可吸收支架耐疲劳测试的评价体系,为可吸收冠脉支架的安全性和有效性评价提供测试手段.方法:模拟人体血管内的受力、温度和腐蚀环境,在1.2 Hz频率下,对可吸收冠脉支架进行18662400次脉动的疲劳实验,相当于植入人体6个月.实验结束后对支架的整体情况和微观形态进行观测.结果:支架在疲劳实验后,未出现移位、弯曲...     

Characterization of multipotent cells from human adult hair follicles.

Recent works demonstrated the presence of a multipotent epithelial cell population in the bulge region of adult human hair follicles. These cells can be cultured in vitro, thus leading to the preparation of dermal-epidermal substitutes which are applicable in the treatment of burns and ulcers. We evaluated the main marker expression in cells obtained from stripped human hair follicles. A pool of hair follicles were incubated at 37 degrees C and 5% CO(2) in a growth medium. The cells were then labelled with antibodies (anti-CD34, anti-CD38, anti-CD45, anti-CD90, anti-CD133, anti-CD146) and analysed by cytometry. We also used hair follicles for immunohistochemical studies, employing antibodies such as CD34, Actin Smooth Muscle, Filaggrin, Desmin, Vimentin, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Ki-67, PanCytokeratin, CK15, CK19. The cytometry results revealed that a part of bulge cells were CD34+ (1-2%). CD34+ population comprises both large, CD45-, CD133-, CD146- cells and small, CD45+, CD133+, CD146+ cells. Thus, a part of CD34+ cells present a mature endothelial marker (CD146). An expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67 and the stem cell marker CD34 is present in the follicle bulge region. In conclusion, we observed that the stripped hair follicle has the same multipotent cell population as adult and fetal scalp hair follicles.