老年人行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的特点

目的:探讨老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术的特点。方法:分析266例老年人(≥65岁)行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)的手术时间、中转剖腹手术例数、住院天数、手术并发症、围手术期肺功能和血气分析变化,分别与中青年患者LC及老年患者剖腹胆囊切除术(OC)比较。结果:老年人LC平均手术时间为39min,手术中转率为5.6％,手术并发症占5.3％,均高于中青年LC患者,但明显低于OC的老年患者,且比较轻。但老年患者LC后的肺功能减退(10.2％)和高碳酸血症(20.3％)明显多于OC,多数可在术后短时间内恢复。结论:与OC比较,老年人LC仍是一种损伤小、安全可靠和恢复快的理想手术方法,但要针对老年患者的特点以及LC可能引起的肺功能下降和高碳酸血症,做好术前处理、术中及术后监测和并发症的预防。     

腹腔镜手术治疗老年胆囊良性疾病的临床研究

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)治疗老年胆囊良性疾病的安全性和优越性。方法回顾性分析我院2006年6月—2009年6月完成的60岁以上老年人胆囊切除术110例的临床资料,结合患者意愿非随机分为腹腔镜手术(LC)和传统开腹手术(OC)两组,LC75例,OC35例。对比两组的手术疗效、安全性、手术时间、住院时间、术后并发症等情况。结果LC老年人可耐受,安全可行。患者术后恢复良好,未发生严重并发症。在平均手术时间,平均术后住院天数,术后并发症发生等方面均明显优于OC组(P0.05)。LC组中因粘连严重中转开腹1例。结论LC应用于老年病人更能体现微创的优越性。要根据老年病人的特点严格掌握手术适应证,积极做好围手术期的处理,正确评估麻醉与手术的风险,把握手术时机及技巧,以提高治愈率。     

老年人开腹和腹腔镜胆囊切除术临床对照分析

目的:比较老年人开腹(OC)和腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)的并发症和术后康复状况,评价老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术的优越性。方法:前瞻性设计,随机将诊断为胆囊结石的老年患者分为两组,开腹组(OC)和腹腔镜组(LC)。对并发症和术后康复状况进行统计学处理。结果:OC组切口感染8例(28.6％),肺部感染7例(25.0％),低蛋白血症14例(50.0％)。LC组无切口及肺部感染,低蛋白血症5例(17.2％),胆漏1例(3％),皮下气肿2例,术中高碳酸血症3例,胆囊癌切口种植1例。结论:与OC相比老年胆结石患者施行LC具有并发症发生率低,住院时间短,康复快等优点。     

老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除的临床评价与风险防范

目的 :评价老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术 (LC)的安全性及可行性 ,探讨防范风险的应对措施。方法 :比较、分析 6 0岁以上老年人LC组 (n =74 )、开腹胆囊切除 (OC)组 (n =36 )及中青年LC组 (n =2 82 )的临床资料。结果 :老年人LC及OC组并存病显著高于中青年LC组 (P <0 0 0 1 )。LC组患者术后恢复良好 ,未发生严重并发症 ;平均手术时间 ,平均术后住院天数及中转开腹率两组差异均无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ) ;而OC组平均手术用时、平均术后住院天数均显著延长 (P <0 0 0 1 ) ,且并发症多 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :只要高度重视围手术期的处理 ,正确评估麻醉与手术的风险 ,把握手术时机及技巧 ,对老年患者施行LC不仅安全可行 ,而且更能凸现微创的优越性     

老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术320例临床分析

目的:评价老年人行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)的安全性及可行性,探讨防范风险的应对措施。方法:比较、分析60岁以上老年人LC组(n=320)、开腹胆囊切除术(open cholecystectomy,OC)组(n=112)及非老年LC组(n=1 923)的临床资料。结果:老年人LC及OC组并存病显著高于非老年LC组(P<0.001)。LC组患者术后恢复良好,未发生严重并发症;老年LC与非老年LC在平均手术时间、平均术后住院天数及中转开腹率方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而OC组平均手术时间、平均术后住院天数均较LC组显著延长(P<0.001),且并发症多(P<0.05)。结论:只要高度重视围手术期的处理,正确评估麻醉与手术的风险,把握手术时机及技巧,对老年患者施行LC不仅安全可行,而且更能凸显微创手术的优越性。     

老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术与开腹胆囊切除术比较

目的对比研究老年良性胆囊疾病腹腔镜胆囊切除(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)与开腹胆囊切除(open cholecystectomy,OC)安全性,为老年人胆囊切除术式的选择提供依据. 方法 60岁以上有胆囊切除适应证且耐受全麻的老年患者120例,按住院顺序单双号分为LC组和OC组,每组60例,比较手术时间、止痛剂使用情况、术后胃肠功能恢复时间、输液时间、卧床时间、术后并发症、住院时间等围手术期指标,比较2组总T3、TSH水平,腹肌功能恢复等康复指标. 结果术后并发症、围手术期以及康复指标,LC组均优于OC组.TT3与术前相比,LC组(F=8.26,P=0.000)、OC组(F=124.70,P=0.000)均明显下降,OC组下降理明显;TSH与术前相比,LC组下降不明显(F=1.87,P=0.157),OC组下降明显(F=27.24,P=0.000).术后7 d直腿抬高试验次数LC组明显高于OC组(t=3.640,P=0.000) 结论老年良性胆囊疾病患者行LC优于OC.     

老年肥胖患者胆囊切除的术式探讨

目的:探讨老年肥胖患者胆囊切除的最佳术式。方法:对68例老年肥胖患者不同术式胆囊切除进行回顾性分析。结果:腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)组并发症发生率(2.7％),明显低于开放性胆囊切除术(OC)组并发症发生率(16.1％),两者相比绝对并发症危险度(ARR)为13.4％;LC组住院天数、术后镇痛剂应用、恢复情况与OC组相比差异有显著意义(P<0.01)。结论:老年肥胖患者的胆囊切除应首选LC。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术在老年胆囊结石中的应用

目的 :探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术 (LC)在治疗老年胆囊结石中的临床价值。方法 :回顾分析LC和同期行开腹胆囊切除术 (OC)治疗老年胆囊结石患者各 10 1例的临床资料。结果 :在手术时间 ,术后肠功能恢复 ,切口感染及裂开 ,住院时间 ,原有心肺疾病有无加重等方面 ,LC组疗效均优于OC组 (P <0 0 1)。结论 :老年胆囊结石患者更适于应用LC ,积极治疗合并症 ,加强术中、术后监护 ,可使患者安全度过围手术期。     

老年患者急性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术与开腹式胆囊切除术的疗效比较

【摘要】〓目的〓比较腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)与开腹式胆囊切除术(OC)治疗老年患者急性胆囊炎的安全性和有效性。方法〓选择从2007年1月至2012年12月收治的年龄超过70岁急性胆囊炎患者76例,分别采用LC(34例)与OC(42例)治疗。观察两组的手术时间、术中失血、术后住院时间和术后并发症。结果〓两组患者手术均顺利完成胆囊切除术,且LC组无中转开腹的病例。LC组的手术时间为95.2±19.7 min,OC组的手术时间为86.8±21.2 min,两者差异无统计学意义;LC组术中失血>500 mL的有2例(5.9%),OC组术中失血>500 mL的有8例(19.0%)(P<0.05);LC组的术后住院时间明显少于OC组(P<0.01)。总共有24例患者在术后出现了并发症(31.6%),其中LC组的术后并发症明显少于OC组(P<0.05)。结论〓急性胆囊炎老年患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗能缩短术后住院时间和减少术后并发症发生率。     

老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床应用体会

目的总结老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)的经验。方法对1991年3月至2005年6月间,60岁以上老年人 LC2986例临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果慢性结石性胆囊炎2698例,胆囊息肉108例,急性胆囊炎80例。中转开腹48例, 其余2938例均经LC治愈(占98．39％)。本组术后24小时均恢复肠蠕动,术后第1天能进流食及下床活动,术后住院时间3- 7天。结论 LC安全可靠,更适合于老年病人。严格掌握手术适应证和禁忌证,充分的围手术期处理,熟练的手术操作是成功的关键。     

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the elderly

BACKGROUND: The aim of this prospective study was to determine the feasibility and the complications or benefits of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in the patients older than 75 years. METHODS: From January 1992 to July 1998, a total of 863 patients underwent LC, of these patients, 102 patients older than 75 years (group 1) were compared with 761 younger patients (group 2). RESULTS: In the elderly, 35.3% were at high surgical risk (American Society of Anesthesiology [ASA] III and ASA IV). The conversion rate to open cholecystectomy (OC) was 21.6%. The mean length of hospital stay was 6.9 days for both laparoscopy and conversion. Morbidity and mortality rates were 13.7% and 1%, respectively. No patient suffered intraoperative cardiopulmonary complication, and there was no reoperation in the elderly. CONCLUSIONS: Elderly patients experience more complications and longer duration of hospital stay than younger patients. However, our results compare favorably with other OC studies in elderly patients.     

结石性胆囊炎腹腔镜与开腹胆囊切除术的对照研究

目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)与开腹胆囊切除术(open cholecystectomy,OC)治疗结石性胆囊炎的疗效及并发症.方法:将343例结石性胆囊炎患者分为两组,220例行LC,123例行OC,观察两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛时间、肛门排气、术...     

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe but underused in the elderly

Studies confirm that laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is safe and efficacious for elderly patients. The purposes of this study were to evaluate if LC is underused in the elderly and if it is a safe option in that group. Open cholecystectomy (OC) and LC were compared in nonelderly (40 to 64 years) and elderly (65 years or older) matched patient groups identified with gallbladder disease using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database (2005 to 2008). Length of stay (LOS), 30-day complications, and mortality were evaluated as outcomes. Using multivariate logistic regression, independent predictors of OC were identified. After case-matching, each group had 11,926 patients. A χ(2) test showed that elderly (20.1 vs 15.0%, P < 0.001) were more likely to undergo OC. Elderly patients had significantly higher comorbidities and were operated on as emergent case (all P < 0.05). OC had longer LOS and mortality (all P < 0.05). Among 10 other variables in logistic regression, elderly had a higher likelihood of receiving OC (OR, 1.299; P < 0 0.001). Significant disparity exists between elderly and nonelderly patients in use of LC surgery. LC has a lower complication rate than OC; however, elderly undergo LC less often. Awareness needs to be raised for offering earlier operative intervention and the superior results of LC in the elderly.     

老年人急性胆囊炎的腹腔镜手术治疗

目的探讨老年人急性胆囊炎采用腹腔镜手术治疗的临床效果与应用价值。方法回顾性分析105例因急性胆囊炎实施胆囊切除术的老年患者的临床资料,按手术方式分为腹腔镜组(LC组)和剖腹胆囊切除术组(OC组)。结果两组患者手术时间、肠功能恢复时间及住院天数差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),LC组优于OC组;术中出血、腹腔引流量和术后并发症两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论老年急性胆囊炎患者行腹腔镜治疗是安全可行的。     

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A clinical and financial analysis of 280 operations.

Two hundred eighty patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and were compared with 304 patients who underwent traditional "open" cholecystectomy (OC). Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed electively in 72.5% of cases and urgently in 27.5% of cases. Conversion from LC to OC was required in 14 patients (5%), six of whom required common bile duct exploration. Common bile duct stones were managed with video-laparoscopic techniques in 11 patients, with percutaneous transhepatic laser lithotripsy in three patients, and with laparotomy in six patients. Hospital stay was significantly shorter and complications were significantly fewer for LC compared with OC. Hospital expenses for LC were significantly higher than for OC because of longer duration of operation and higher operating room expenses. Patients who underwent elective LC returned to work an average of 31 days earlier than patients who underwent OC (10 days vs 41 days). These data indicate that LC can be performed safely although at a higher cost than OC, and that patients as well as employers benefit from a short length of hospital stay.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除治疗坏疽性胆囊炎的体会

目的 :探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除 (LC)治疗坏疽性胆囊炎的手术技巧。方法 :随机将 5 0例坏疽性胆囊炎分为 2组 ,由同一组手术医师分别行LC及开放胆囊切除 (OC)。结果 :手术时间、术后腹腔引流量两组相似。LC组术后患者下床活动时间早 ,肠功能恢复快 ,住院时间短。两组均未发生肝外胆管损伤、胃肠道损伤、胆漏等严重并发症。LC组中转OC率为 12 % ,并发症为 4 % ;OC组并发症为 16 %。结论 :在具有丰富LC经验的医师操作下 ,用LC治疗坏疽性胆囊炎安全可行。     

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the elderly

Background Few studies have examined the results of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in the elderly. We reviewed our experience with the procedure in 194 patients age 65 and older. Methods A chart review was performed on patients who underwent attempted LC over a 4-year period. Age, conversion rate to open cholecystectomy (OC), length of stay, and morbidity and mortality rates were compared between elective and inpatients as well as between patients age 65–75 and patients over age 75. Results Conversion rate to OC was 10.6%. Mean length of hospital stay was 2.7 days. Morbidity and mortality rates were 18% and 1%. Elective patients experienced significantly fewer medical complications. There were no differences in complication rates between patients age 65–75 and patients over 75 years, but younger patients had a significantly shorter mean length of hospitalization. Conclusions Elderly patients experience more complications and longer lengths of stay than the general population. However, our results compare favorably with OC series in elderly patients. Presented at the annual meeting of the Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES), Orlando, Florida, USA, 11–14 March 1995     

肝硬化并胆囊结石行腹腔镜手术与开腹胆囊切除术的疗效比较

目的比较腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）与剖腹胆囊切除术（OC）在合并肝硬化的胆囊结石症治疗中的效果。方法回顾性分析我院2001年1月-2007年6月收治的72例合并肝硬化的胆囊结石症手术病人的临床资料。其中,LC组38例,0t2组34例。观察两组病人的手术时间、术中出血量、手术并发症发生率和住院时间的资料,并进行统计学分析。结果LC组的手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间分别为（51．7±12．7）min、（98．6±25．5）ml、（6．2±2．9）d,OC组分别为（75．7±23．8）min、（134．6±36．6）ml、（9．2±3．7）d,两组比较均有显著性差异（P〈0．05）;手术并发症发生率LC组较OC组低（P〈0．05）。结论对Child分级为A级和B级合并肝硬化的胆囊结石病人采用LC治疗是相对安全的,并具有手术时间短、出血量少、手术并发症发生率低等优点。