2型糖尿病患者单核细胞TLR4表达及其与血浆TNF-α相关性研究

目的 探讨2型糖尿病患者单核细胞TLR4表达的变化及其与血浆炎症因子TNF-α的关系.方法 应用实时定量PCR及流式细胞仪检测22例2型糖尿病患者及20例健康对照者外周血单核细胞TLR4mRNA表达及TLR4阳性单核细胞比率,应用ELISA法检测血浆TNF-α浓度.结果 2型糖尿病患者外周血单核细胞TLR4mRNA相对表达量及TLR4阳性单核细胞比率为3.05±0.56、(14.93±3.48)%明显高于对照组1.48±0.30、(7.79±1.63)%(P＜0.05),血浆TNF-α浓度为(49.29±7.09)ng/L,高于对照组(39.55±5.22)ng/L(P＜0.05),TLR4阳性单核细胞比率与血浆TNF-α浓度正相关(r=0.543,P＜0.05).结论 2型糖尿病患者单核细胞TLR4表达增高,单核细胞TLR4可能参与了2型糖尿病的炎症反应.     

天然免疫分子TLR2 TLR4在类风湿关节炎的表达模式研究

目的 探讨天然免疫分子TLR2、TLR4在类风湿关节炎(RA)发病中的作用。方法 采用多色免疫荧光流式细胞仪技术，观察RA患者和正常对照外周血CD14阳性单核细胞上TLR2、TLR4分子的表达率和平均荧光强度。结果 ①TLR2和TLR4在RA患者外周血CDl4阳性单核细胞阳性率和平均荧光强度显著高于对照组；②二者表达模式在早期RA组和晚期RA组差异无统计学意义：③TLR2平均荧光强度与C反应蛋白(CRP)水平有关联。结论天然免疫分子TLR2、TLR4在RA的表达模式，提示其在RA发病和病情进展中有重要作用。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血单核细胞TLR4水平与干扰素临床疗效的关系

目的观察慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者应用干扰素(IFN)治疗前后外周血单核细胞Toll样受体4(TLR4)表达及血清IL-6水平的变化。方法用流式细胞仪检测65例CHB患者(CHB组)、30例健康人(对照组)IFN治疗前后外周血单核细胞表面TLR4的表达,ELISA法检测血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平。结果 CHB组外周血单核细胞TLR4表达水平及血清IL-6水平均较对照组明显升高(P<0.05或<0.01)。IFN治疗后,随着患者乙肝病毒载量下降,外周血单核细胞TLR4水平及血清IL-6水平均呈下降趋势。结论 TLR4可能与CHB发病有关,IFN抗病毒治疗可降低外周血单核细胞TLR4水平。     

类风湿关节炎患者外周血单核细胞Toll样受体4的表达及其与血清白介素-18水平变化的相关性

目的探讨Toll样受体4(toll-like receptor-4,TLR4)在类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)患者外周血单核细胞表面的表达及其与血清白介素(interleukin,IL)-18变化的相关性。方法用流式细胞术分别检测34例RA患者、39例健康体检者和7例骨性关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)患者外周血单核细胞表面TLR4的阳性率和平均荧光强度(meam fluorescence intensity,MFI),同时用酶联免疫吸附试验测定血清中IL-18的水平变化,分别统计TLR4阳性率与IL-18相关性及与疾病活动评分(disease activity score28,DAS28)的相关性。结果 TLR4在RA高度活动组、中低度活动组的CD14+单核细胞表面的阳性率分别为(24.58±10.13)%、(32.47±12.40)%,高于对照组(13.14±5.22)%和OA组(10.23±3.40)%,4组间差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);而MFI在RA高度活动组(47.34±19.85)道、中低度活动组(42.56±17.41)道低于对照组(59.38±28.05)道和OA组(67.90±31.40)道,4组间差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.05)。RA高度活动组的血清IL-18水平为(236.71±39.42)pgml,显著高于中低度活动组(195.32±20.69)pg/ml和正常对照组(185.49±42.96)pg/ml(均P<0.01),且3组间差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.01)。TLR4阳性率与IL-18水平呈正相关(r=0.261,P<0.05),而与DAS28呈负相关(r=-0.722,P<0.05)。结论 TLR4在RA患者外周血CD14+单核细胞表面表达上调且与血清IL-18的水平呈正相关,而与DAS28呈负相关。提示TLR4可能间接参与RA的发病过程,为RA的发病机制奠定了分子基础。     

类风湿关节炎患者外周血单核细胞Toll样受体2的表达及意义

目的观察类风湿关节炎(RA)患者外周血单核细胞Toll样受体2(TLR2)的表达变化与疾病活动程度和临床指标的关系,探讨RA的发病机制。方法27例活动期RA患者、20例非活动期RA患者及18名正常对照,采用流式细胞术检测外周血单核细胞表面TLR2的表达,反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测细胞内TLR2 mRNA的表达。结果活动期RA患者外周血单核细胞TLR2的表达水平显著高于缓解期RA患者及正常对照,而缓解期RA患者TLR2与正常对照相比,差异无统计学意义。RA患者外周血单核细胞TLR2的表达与疾病活动评分(DAS)、血清C反应蛋白(CRP)及血沉(ESR)相关,而与类风湿因子(RF)及抗环瓜氨酸肽(抗CCP)抗体无明显相关性。结论活动期RA患者外周血单核细胞TLR2表达增高,且TLR2的表达与疾病活动指标密切相关。活动期RA患者存在着固有免疫系统的活化,TLR2的高表达可能促进了外周血单核细胞的活化。     

Toll样受体4和单核细胞趋化蛋白1与急性冠状动脉综合征的相关性研究

目的探讨急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者外周血单核细胞Toll样受体4(TLR4)和单核细胞趋化蛋白1(MCP-1)的表达及临床意义。方法入选对象包括ACS组患者50例:经临床及冠状动脉造影检查明确诊断[其中急性心肌梗死(AMI)25例,不稳定型心绞痛(UA)25例];稳定型心绞痛(SA)组患者13例;对照组患者30例:同期住院冠状动脉造影阴性且排除了冠心病诊断。采用流式细胞术检测外周血单核细胞上TLR4的表达,用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中MCP-1的表达。结果 AMI、UA、SA组和对照组外周血单核细胞上TLR4的表达分别为76.56%±6.32%、73.70%±7.67%、63.20%±6.86%和54.20%±9.34%,ACS组显著高于SA组(P<0.05)和对照组(P<0.01),而SA组又高于对照组(P<0.05);AMI、UA、SA组和对照组血清中MCP-1的表达分别为(161.52±40.30)ng/L、(156.63±34.10)ng/L、(141.32±29.26)ng/L和(125.20±20.75)ng/L,ACS组显著高于SA组(P<0.05)和对照组(P<0.01),而SA组又高于对照组(P<0.05)。ACS组外周血单核细胞上TLR4表达与血清MCP-1水平呈正相关(r=0.876,P<0.01)。结论 TLR4介导的免疫炎症机制参与了冠心病的发生、发展,推测TLR4和MCP-1可能与动脉粥样硬化相关。     

阿托伐他汀降低急性冠脉综合征患者外周血CD14^＋单核细胞表面TLR4的表达

目的 Toll样受体4(TLR4)的激活与动脉粥样斑块的进展及斑块的不稳定导致临床并发症的发生有关.他汀类调脂药物临床获益可能与其调脂以外的作用尤其是抗炎作用有关,但抗炎作用的确切机制目前还不清楚.推测其抗炎作用可能是通过抑制TLR4炎症信号通路起作用的.方法 入选者为健康志愿者(n=22)及2006-07-2007-09在门诊和住院患者共121例[稳定性心绞痛(SAP)患者 17 例,急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者82例],入院即刻抽取外周静脉血;将其中的41 例 ACS患者随机分为两组:在常规抗心绞痛治疗的基础上服用阿托伐他汀10 mg组(20例)及阿托伐他汀40 mg组(21例),治疗1月后抽取外周静脉血.观察指标为血脂、高敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)、外周血CD14 单核细胞表面TLR4的表达,单核细胞表面TLR4的表达采用流式细胞仪方法测定.结果 ACS患者血hsCRP及外周血CD14 单核细胞表面TLR4的表达明显高于SAP患者(P<0.05)及正常对照组(P<0.05),hsCRP与TLR4的相关性分析结果 是两者轻度相关(r=O.261,P=O.002).ACS患者经不同剂量阿托伐他汀治疗一月后血总胆固醇和LDL-C明显降低(P<0.05),40 mg的作用较10 mg作用明显(P<0.05);治疗后血hsCRP及外周血CD4 单核细胞表面TLR4的表达较治疗前明显下降,其中40 mg的作用明显强于10 mg.结论 ACS的发生与冠心病患者单核细胞表面TLR4表达明显上调有关.阿托伐他汀能显著降低ACS患者血hsCRP和外周血CD14 单核细胞表面TLR4的表达,推测阿托伐他汀抗炎作用可能部分通过抑制TLR4炎症信号通路起作用的.     

血管性痴呆载脂蛋白E基因多态性分析

目的　探讨载脂蛋白E基因多态性与血管性痴呆的相互关系并对血管性痴呆 (VaD)与老年性痴呆 (AD)基因型进行比较。方法　采用限制性片段长度多态性分析———多聚酶链式反应法 (RFLP PCR)检测了一组VaD患者ApoE基因多态性并与一组AD患者及一组同龄健康人对照组作了比较。结果　VaD患者中 3/ 4型频度和ε4等位基因频度均明显低于AD患者组 (0 .118比 0 .319,P <0 .0 5 ;0 .0 5 89比 0 .180 9,P <0 .0 1) ,VaD组的 3/ 4型及ε4频度与同龄健康人对照组相比差异无显著性意义。年龄亚组分析显示 :VaD组和AD组在 3/ 4型和ε4频度上的差异主要表现在 6 0～ 6 9岁年龄组 (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论　VaD组ε4频度与健康对照差异无显著性意义 ,而明显低于AD组 ,ε4可能并未参与VaD致病过程 ,而VaD与AD可能存在不同的遗传学发病机制。     

阿托伐他汀降低急性冠脉综合征患者外周血CD_(14)~+单核细胞表面TLR4的表达

目的 Toll 样受体4(TLR4)的激活与动脉粥样斑块的进展及斑块的不稳定导致临床并发症的发生有关。他汀类调脂药物临床获益可能与其调脂以外的作用尤其是抗炎作用有关,但抗炎作用的确切机制目前还不清楚。推测其抗炎作用可能是通过抑制 TLR4炎症信号通路起作用的。方法入选者为健康志愿者(n=22)及2006-07-2007-09在门诊和住院患者共121例[稳定性心绞痛(SAP)患者17例,急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者82例],入院即刻抽取外周静脉血;将其中的41例 ACS 患者随机分为两组:在常规抗心绞痛治疗的基础上服用阿托伐他汀10 mg 组(20例)及阿托伐他汀40 mg 组(21例),治疗1月后抽取外周静脉血。观察指标为血脂、高敏 C 反应蛋白(hsCRP)、外周血 CD_(14)~+单核细胞表面 TLR4的表达,单核细胞表面 TLR4的表达采用流式细胞仪方法测定。结果 ACS 患者血 hsCRP 及外周血 CD_(14)~+单核细胞表面 TLR4的表达明显高于 SAP 患者(P<0.05)及正常对照组(P<0.05),hsCRP 与 TLR4的相关性分析结果是两者轻度相关(r=0.261,P=0.002)...     

肝硬化患者外周血单核细胞表面TLR4和TLR2表达的临床意义

目的:探讨肝硬化患者外周血中单个核细胞(PBMC)表面Toll样受体4(Toll-likereceptor4,TLR4)、TLR2表达与肝硬化患者细菌感染的关系,观察抗生素治疗对TLR4与TLR2表达的影响.方法:采用三色荧光染色法,荧光素标记的抗TLR2/抗TLR4/抗CD14mAb对42例肝硬化患者及正常人的血液单核细胞表面TLR2、TLR4及CD14分子进行免疫荧光染色,应用流式细胞仪检测.结果:肝硬化腹水组TLR2和TLR4表达(n=30,TLR2,47.65±0.75;TLR4,22.28±0.80)与正常对照组(n=15,TLR2,24.40±2.77;TLR4,14.45±3.23)比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),肝硬化腹水患者治疗前(n=20,TLR2,47.79±0.76;TLR4,28.58±0.79)和治疗后(n=20,TLR2,17.22±2.48;TLR4,12.37±0.35)比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);肝硬化腹水患者与肝硬化无腹水患者组(n=12,TLR2,25.37±1.62;TLR4,14.81±0.29)比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);肝硬化无腹水患者组与正常对照组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论:肝硬化腹水患者TLR4与TLR2的表达显著上调,抗生素治疗后显著下调.     

慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血单核细胞Toll样受体2和4的变化

目的探讨慢性乙型肝炎和慢性重型乙型肝炎患者外周血单核细胞Toll样受体2 （TLR2）和Toll样受体4（TLR4）的变化情况及其意义。方法用流式细胞仪检测正常对照、慢性乙型肝炎患者和慢性重型乙型肝炎患者外周血单核细胞表面TLR2和TLR4的表达,ELISA法检测上述患者血清TNFα的水平。Student-t检验比较3组间TLR2、TLR4和TNFα表达的差异;3组病例TLR2、TLR4的表达水平间及它们与血清TNFα水平间的相关性分析采用线性相关分析。结果正常对照组（30例）、慢性乙型肝炎组（31例）和慢性重型乙型肝炎组（30例）外周血单核细胞TLR2和TLR4的平均免疫荧光强度（MFI）分别为21．5±2．7、39．0±4．1．47．7±21．4和2．3±1．1、3．7±2．3、6．9±4．1;外周血清TNFα（ng／L）水平分别为53．8±38．1、164．3±89．9、359．8±1 40．0,自正常对照组到慢性乙型肝炎组及慢性重型乙型肝炎组外周血单核细胞TLR2、TLR4表达强度和外周血清TNFα水平均依次显著升高;经线性相关分析研究发现,外周血单核细胞TLR2、TLR4表达水平和血清TNFα表达水平间均呈现显著的正相关性。结论TLR2和TLR4可能与慢性乙型肝炎及慢性重型乙型肝炎的发病有关。     

Prevalence and severity of gait disorders in Alzheimer's and non-Alzheimer's dementias

OBJECTIVES: To compare the prevalence, severity, and type of gait and balance disorders in Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Parkinson's disease without dementia (PD), and age-matched controls. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Secondary care clinics in geriatric psychiatry, neurology, and geriatrics. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred forty-five participants aged 65 and older (AD, n=40; VaD, n=39; PDD, n=46; DLB, n=32; PD, n=46; and controls, n=42). MEASUREMENTS: Prevalence and severity of gait and balance disorders were assessed using the Tinetti gait and balance scale. The types of gait disorders in each diagnostic group were classified using the Nutt et al. classification. RESULTS: Gait and balance disorders were more common with PDD (93%), VaD (79%), and DLB (75%) than with PD (43%) and AD (25%) and in controls (7%). The risk of gait and balance disorder was higher in the non-Alzheimer's dementia groups (VaD, PDD, and DLB) than in the AD group (odds ratio=15 (95% confidence interval=6-37). If a gait disorder was present in mild dementia (Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly cognitive subsection score >65), this was diagnostic of non-Alzheimer's dementia, with sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 100%. Non-Alzheimer's dementia groups had worse Tinetti gait and balance scores than the AD group (all P<.001). The types of gait disorders discriminated between non-Alzheimer's dementias. CONCLUSION: The findings support the idea that gait and balance assessment may augment the diagnostic evaluation of dementia.     

呼吸道合胞病毒感染后气道上皮细胞Toll样受体4的表达及其功能

目的 观察呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)感染后气道上皮细胞Toll样受体4(TLR4)表达变化及其信号通路的功能,探讨RSV诱导气道炎症的机制.方法 体外培养人气管上皮细胞株9HTEo,以RSV感染复数为10感染上皮细胞,用半定量逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)检测TLRl～10 mRNA表达;用定量PCR检测TLR4 mRNA表达的动态变化;用流式细胞术检测TLR4蛋白表达及与细胞凋亡的关系;感染后再用TLR4激动剂脂多糖(LPS)刺激细胞,用酶联免疫法(ELISA)检测上清液中白细胞介素-8(IL-8)含量以观察病毒诱导表达的膜TLR4蛋白功能.RT-PCR和流式细胞术实验分为正常组和RSV感染组,用GraphPad 4.0统计软件进行配对t检验;实时定量PCR实验分为正常组、RSV感染组和紫外线灭活RSV感染组,采用Kruskal-Wallis检验分析;ELISA实验分为正常组、RSV感染组、单独LPS刺激组和RSV-LPS共刺激组,采用One-way ANOVA检验分析.结果 (1)RSV感染组TLR2～10 mRNA表达均上调(t值为3.49～14.47,P均＜0.05),以TLR2和TLR6变化最为显著;定量PCR结果提示:感染组TLR4 mRNA 3 h后开始增高(Kruskal-Wallis检测值=8.82,P＜0.05,n=6),紫外灭活RSV组TLR4 mRNA表达无明显变化;(2)流式细胞术结果表明:RSV感染组膜上TLR4表达比正常组增高(平均荧光强度:1.27±0.48,0.97±0.25,t:2.39,P＞0.05,n=10),感染组胞内TLR4表达比正常组降低(平均荧光强度:3.08±1.38,3.36±1.31;t=2.92,P＞0.05,n=10),感染组膜TLR4阳性细胞中(93.32±1.7)%为膜黏连蛋白-5阳性细胞;(3)RSV-LPS共刺激组培养上清液中IL-8含量明显高于单纯LPS刺激组(F=59.29,P＜0.01,n=3).结论 RSV感染后,上皮细胞TLR4mRNA和蛋白表达水平上调,与TLR4信号通路相关的IL-8分泌增加;TLR4与上皮细胞凋亡的关系提示TLR4及其信号通路可能参与了RSV诱导的上皮细胞急、慢性炎症反应.     

冠心病患者临床类型与细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导因子表达水平的关系

目的：研究冠心病临床类型与细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导因子（EMMPRIN）的关系。方法根据临床表现和冠状动脉造影结果,179例患者分成稳定型心绞痛（SAP）35例,不稳定型心绞痛（UAP）76例,急性心肌梗死（AMI）68例,健康对照组30例。流式细胞仪检测患者外周血单个核细胞（PBMCs）表面EMMPRIN的平均荧光强度（MFI）;免疫速率法检测血清高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）浓度,分析冠心病组患者EMMPRIN水平与冠状动脉造影Gensini评分的相关性。结果 PBMCs表面EMMPRIN表达在冠心病临床分型中AMI组、UAP组、SAP组明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。病变血管累及支数越多,其表达增加越明显,三支病变＞双支病变＞单支病变＞对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。相关性分析显示,PBMCs表面EMMPRIN（MFI）与血清hs-CRP浓度及冠状动脉病变Gensini评分呈正相关。结论 EMMPRIN水平与冠心病临床分型相关。     

Lipids' peroxidation markers in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia

Aim: Although a large body of evidence supports a role of oxidative stress in the etiopathogenesis of dementia, there is still a substantial lack of data regarding the biomarkers of oxidative stress characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD) as opposed to different types of dementia. In this study, the level of various oxidative stress parameters were measured in AD, vascular dementia (VaD), and age‐ and sex‐matched control patients. The AD and VaD patients all had similar levels of cognitive impairment as measured by the Mini‐Mental State Examination. Methods: Thirty AD, 19 VaD and 29 controls patients were recruited to the study. Plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total sulfhydryl (T‐SH), calcium (Ca⁺⁺) and magnesium (Mg⁺⁺) were measured. Results: In both AD and VaD groups, the levels of oxidative stress parameters were higher compared with controls. Further, the VaD patients expressed significantly higher levels of plasma parameters of oxidative stress than AD. The difference was noted in MDA, the marker of lipid peroxidation, whereas in VaD the level of MDA was more than 2.8‐fold higher than that registered in AD patients. Conclusion: Vascular dementia in patients is characteristic of increased levels of oxidative stress, especially lipid peroxidation markers. This finding is relevant to determining the pathophysiology of dementia, particularly in the light of the recently suggested importance of the vascular component in dementia development, in addition to aiding in the diagnosis of VaD following clinical presentation. The study will be continued to compare the character and level of decline in both groups.     

血清睾酮及雌二醇与老年男性痴呆类型和严重程度的关系

目的探讨血清总睾酮(TT)、雌二醇(E2)与老年男性痴呆类型和严重程度的关系。方法选择111例男性老年人,将认知功能正常的老年人28例作为正常组,轻度认知损害(MCI)患者15例作为MCI组,阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者50例作为AD组(其中轻、中、重度分别为17、18和15例),血管性痴呆(VaD)患者18例作为VaD组,检测TT和E2浓度。痴呆严重程度根据通用的临床痴呆评价量表评分。应用协方差分析、相关分析和χ~2检验方法分析TT、E2与AD和VaD及其严重程度的关系。结果 MCI组、正常组和轻度AD患者的TT和F2水平差异均无统计学意义。AD组患者TT和E2水平明显低于正常组(P<0.05)。随着认知损伤程度的加重,AD组患者TT呈下降趋势(Spearman's ρ_s=-0.4709,P<0.001),且TT低下患者的比例增多。VaD组、AD组、正常组3组间比较,TT和E2水平以及TT和E2低下患者的比例差异均无统计学意义。结论 TT下降与AD及其严重程度相关,血清E2下降与AD相关,但与其严重程度无关,二者与VaD均无明显相关性。     

Incidence of dementia,Alzheimer's disease,and vascular dementia in Italy. The ILSA Study

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the incidence of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) in older Italians and evaluate the relationship of age, gender, and education to developing dementia. DESIGN: Cohort incidence study in the context of the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging. SETTING: Population sample from eight Italian municipalities. PARTICIPANTS: A dementia-free cohort of 3,208 individuals (aged 65-84), individuated after a baseline evaluation performed in 1992 / 93, aimed at detecting prevalent cases. MEASUREMENTS: The dementia-free cohort was reexamined in 1995 to identify incident cases. The Mini-Mental State Examination (cutoff 23 / 24) was employed to screen for dementia. Trained neurologists evaluated the individuals who screened positive. Final diagnoses had to meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised criteria for dementia, National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria for AD, and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision criteria for VaD. RESULTS: Before the follow-up examination, 382 individuals had died (232 had reliable information). Of the 2,826 survivors, 2,266 completed the study. Overall, 127 new dementia cases were identified. Average incidence rates per 1,000 person-years were 12.47 (95% confidence interval (CI)=10.23-14.72) for dementia, 6.55 (95% CI=4.92-8.17) for AD, and 3.30 (95% CI=2.14-4.45) for VaD. Both AD and VaD showed age-dependent patterns. Education was protective against dementia and AD. Women carried a significantly higher risk of developing AD (hazard ratio=1.67, 95% CI=1.02-2.75), and men of developing VaD (hazard ratio=2.23, 95% CI=1.06-4.71). CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of dementia in Italy paralleled that in most industrialized countries. About 150,000 new cases per year are expected. A significant gender effect was evidenced for major dementia subtypes. The burden of VaD, especially in men, offers opportunities for prevention.     

Body mass index (BMI) at an early age and the risk of dementia

BMI change and BMI at an early age have not been investigated as risks for dementia. This case-control study included 286 dementia patients and 268 controls from two medical centers between 2007 and 2009. BMI information was collected from medical records and questionnaires. Men and women with low BMIs at the time of the study, in their 20s, and in their 40s had significantly increased risks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) (odds ratio = OR = 2.62–3.97) and increased vascular dementia (VaD) risk (20s and 40s: OR = 6.23–11.11) compared with those with normal BMIs. High BMI in the 20s and 40s was associated with increased VaD risk (OR = 15.29 and 10.32) among women. For BMI changes from the 20s or 40s, the second and third tertiles were significantly associated with decreased AD risk among women (OR = 0.15–0.35) compared to the first tertile. The third tertile of BMI change from the 20s or 40s was associated with decreased VaD risk among women (OR = 0.06 and 0.14). Low BMIs in the 20s and 40s were stronger predictors of AD and VaD. There was a U-shaped association between BMI at different ages and dementia among participants with VaD.     

脑脊液磷酸化tau蛋白的检测对阿尔茨海默病的诊断价值

目的通过对阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者脑脊液磷酸化tau蛋白检测的研究,探讨其对AD的诊断价值。方法采用ELISA法检测11例AD患者(AD组)、13例血管性痴呆患者(血管性痴呆组)及29例非神经系统疾病患者(正常对照组)的脑脊液磷酸化tau蛋白。结果与血管性痴呆组和正常对照组比较,AD组患者脑脊液中磷酸化tau蛋白含量明显增高(P<0.05)。血管性痴呆组患者脑脊液中磷酸化tau蛋白水平与正常对照组比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论检测脑脊液磷酸化tau蛋白含量可作为AD诊断的辅助指标。