拉米夫定治疗重度慢性乙型肝炎和失代偿期肝硬化

拉米夫定是一种新型的核苷类抗病毒药物 ,本文应用拉米夫定治疗 2 2例重度慢性乙型肝炎、失代偿期肝硬化和重型肝炎患者 ,现总结如下。资料与方法一、病例选择2 2例均为 1999年至 2 0 0 1年 2月期间的住院患者。诊断符合 1995年全国病毒性肝炎防治方案的标准。 2 2例病毒性肝炎中 ,急性重型肝炎 1例 ,肝硬化失代偿期 9例 ,重度慢性肝炎12例 ;年龄 2 5～ 79岁 ,平均 ( 4 5 .6± 13.2 )岁 ;男 2 0例 ,女 2例。病程最短半个月 ,最长 2 0年。所有的病例ＨＢｓＡｇ、抗 ＨＢｃ、ＨＢＶＤＮＡ均阳性 ,其中ＨＢｅＡｇ阳性 13例、抗 ＨＢｅ阳性 7…     

拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型肝炎失代偿期肝硬化16例

笔者应用拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型肝炎失代偿期肝硬化患者 16例 ,现将结果报道如下。1　资料与方法1 1　病例选择　 16例慢性乙型肝炎失代偿期肝硬化患者为我科 2 0 0 0年 10月以来的入院病例 ,男 14例 ,女 2例 ,年龄 2 9～ 60岁 ,平均 (4 7 75± 11 47)岁 ;病程 1～ 2 3年 ,平均(10 5 3± 7 0 3 )年。肝硬化病程 1～ 4年 ,平均 (1 87±1 14 )年。诊断符合 2 0 0 0年 9月《病毒性肝炎防治方案》中的诊断标准。所有患者均排除HAV、HCV、HEV、HGV感染 ,亦无酗酒者和糖尿病患者。其肝功能水平均高于正常值上限 ;Child -Pugh分级 ,B级 10例 …     

拉米夫定治疗失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化临床观察

本文通过观察应用拉米夫定治疗失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化患者的疗效，现报道如下：     

拉米夫定治疗失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化的随机对照研究

目的：用随机对照临床试验研究拉米夫定对失代偿期乙型肝炎后肝硬化患者生存率、肝功能生化指标、并发症及乙肝病毒学的影响。方法：107例患者随机分为治疗组（n=59)和对照组（n=48)。治疗组服用拉米夫定每日100毫克，对照组服用复方益肝灵每次四年，每日三次。结果：治疗组中位随访时间96周（17－161周），对照组为93周（12－160周），52周时治疗组HBV DNA转阴率78．7％（37／47），伴血清白蛋白显著升高，胆红素和谷丙转氨酶下降，P＜0．05。治疗组两年生存率为75．70％，对照组40．48％，P＜0．05。原发性肝癌发生率分别为8．5％和22．9％，P＜0．05。治疗组52周后11例（29．7％）HBV DNA转阳性，肝功能下降。结论：拉米夫定能改善乙型肝炎肝硬化失代偿期患者的肝功能，延长生存期，但长期疗效有限，应寻求更有效的治疗措施。     

拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型肝炎并肝硬化失代偿期疗效观察

2001年5月至2003年5月,我们采用拉米夫定治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化失代偿期患者60例,效果较好.现报告如下.     

拉米夫定治疗失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化的研究进展

失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化是一种终末期肝病，5年生存率仅为14％左右，但经抗病毒治疗后HBeAg血清学转换，且HBV DNA持续转阴和ALT持续正常者生存率明显提高^[1]。因此，抗病毒已成为失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化患者治疗的重要部分。对失代偿期肝硬化患者，干扰素治疗可导致肝衰竭，被列为禁忌证。核苷类似物拉米夫定（LAM）是一种安全有效的药物。本文就LAM治疗失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化研究进展作一概述。     

拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型肝炎后失代偿期肝硬化的疗效观察

我们对慢性乙型肝炎后失代偿期肝硬化患者用拉米夫定治疗 ,取得一定疗效 ,现报道如下。资料与方法一、一般资料对 1998年 1月至 2 0 0 0年 12月住院的肝炎后肝硬化 ,进行前瞻性研究 ,将 38例患者随机分为治疗组与对照组 ,两组均含肝炎后肝硬化 (Ｃｈｉｌｄ ＰｕｇｈＢ级 10例 ,Ｃ级 9例 ) ,ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ、抗 ＨＢｃ、ＨＢＶＤＮＡ均为阳性。治疗组男性 18例 ,女性1例 ,平均年龄 ( 4 3± 10 )岁 ,平均病程 ( 4 .6± 3 .3)年 ,其中ＨＢ ｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ、抗 ＨＢｃ均为阳性 ,曾脾切除者 2例 ;对照组男性17例 ,女 2例 ,平均年龄…     

拉米夫定治疗失代偿期肝硬化患者的临床观察

目的 探讨拉米夫定在失代偿期肝硬化中的应用价值。方法 两组患者均采用内科常规治疗，治疗组加用拉米夫定0．1每日1次口服，治疗12月以上。结果 治疗组在服用拉米夫定1年后，HBVDNA阴转率为92．5％，HBeAg转阴率为18．75％，肝功能改善不明显。两组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论 对失代偿期肝硬化患者，应积极使用拉米夫定治疗，对减轻或阻止病情进展，改善临床症状及肝功能，提高病人生活质量十分重要。     

拉米夫定对慢性乙型肝炎肝硬化失代偿期患者生存期的影响

我国作为乙型肝炎高发地区，乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染是导致肝硬化的主要原因，而一旦肝功能失代偿，其5年病死率高达70％～86％，最终的治疗方法是肝移植，但昂贵的费用及供体短缺限制了其应用，因此我国大部分乙型肝炎失代偿患者仍以内科保守治疗为主。     

拉米夫定治疗失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化的临床观察

目的　研究拉米夫定对失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化的临床疗效和安全性。方法　 2 8例乙型肝炎肝硬化患者给予拉米夫定 10 0mg/d口服 ,连用 2 4个月 ,设立对照组。在治疗开始前、治疗开始后 6个月、12个月和 2 4个月分别记录Child Pugh得分 ,并进行肝功能、肝纤维化标志物、HBV血清标志物以及血清HBVDNA定量检测。结果　 2 8例肝硬化患者拉米夫定治疗后 ,血浆白蛋白显著升高 ,血清丙氨酸转氨酶和胆红素明显降低 ,血清Ⅲ型前胶原、Ⅳ型胶厚、层粘连蛋白和透明质酸水平较治疗前显著降低 ,血清HBVDNA阴转率明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 0 5 ) ,HBVDNA水平较治疗前显著降低。治疗组Child Pugh计分平均降低 2 .5 ,5 4.2 %患者提高了分级 (12例从B到A ,1例从C到B) ,而对照组仅有10 .5 %的患者Child Pugh分级得到了改善 ,治疗组显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。不良反应的发生率为 3 2 .1% (9/2 8)。结论　拉米夫定能使HBV复制指标阳性的活动性肝硬化患者的病毒复制受到抑制 ,肝功能改善 ,肝纤维化程度降低 ,病情缓解。应用拉米夫定治疗肝硬化患者安全可靠。     

Lamivudine treatment of decompensated hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis

BACKGROUND: Patients with decompensated hepatitis B vires (HBV)-related cirrhosis tend to have low or undetectable HBV replication. However, some patients continue to have high levels of HBV replication and effective suppression of HBV replication with antiviral agents may potentially decrease hepatic necroinflammation and improve or stabilize liver function. This review was to under stand the efficacy and safety of lamivudine in the treatment of decompensated HBV cirrhosis. DATA SOURCES: An English-language literature search (MEDLINE January 1988-July 2005) was performed, and a total of 52 articles/abstracts relevant to the issue were selected. After review of the selected papers, the meaningful results and conclusions were extracted using scientific crite ria. The papers reviewed pertained mainly to the efficacy and safety profiles of lamivudine treatment for decompensated HBV cirrhosis. RESULTS: The ultimate treatment of decompensated HBV cirrhosis is liver transplantation, but lamivudine treatment may lead to rapid suppression of viral replication and improvement of biochemical and clinical parameters, reduced morbidity and hospitalization for complications of liver disease, increased pre-transplant survival as well as reduced need for transplantation. However, viral resistance can develop after prolonged treatment with lamivudine, and breakthrough hepatitis may be fatal in few patients. Adefovir is effective for lamivudine-resistant HBV mutants. CONCLUSIONS: Antiviral therapy with lamivudine for decompensated HBV cirrhosis can be effective. However, some patients may experience a hepatitis flare with the emergence of YMDD mutants resulting in progressive worsening of liver disease, and should be referred for "rescue" therapy with other nucleoside/nucleotide analogues such as adefovir dipivoxil.     

Timing of lamivudine administration according to Child class in patients with decompensated cirrhosis

BACKGROUND: Few clinical trials have investigated the use of lamivudine (LAM) in patients with decompensated cirrhosis related to chronic hepatitis B. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of extended LAM treatment and to determine the timing of LAM administration in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. METHODS: A total of 17 patients were treated with LAM 100 mg/day. The mean duration of follow up was 28 +/- 8.4 months (range: 14-42 months). All patients were evaluated for evidence of clinical, biochemical and serologic replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. There were 12 patients with Child class B and five with Child class C. RESULTS: Ten of 17 patients (58.2%) responded to LAM treatment. Of the breakthrough patients, six (86%) had YMDD motif variants. Clinical improvement was observed in nine out of 10 responders (90%), six of the seven breakthrough patients (86%) and five of six patients with YMDD variant DNA. Mean time to achieve a 2-point reduction in Child-Pugh-Turcotte score was 14 months in patients with Child class C, compared with 5.9 months in those with Child class B (P < 0.001). Mean time required to gain a 0.5 g/dL increment in albumin was 14 months in Child class C and 5.8 months in Child class B. Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion was achieved in five of 13 HBeAg-positive patients at the last follow up and during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Long-term administration of LAM for patients with decompensated cirrhosis is effective. Earlier LAM administration in Child class B patients led to improved clinical outcomes.     

恩替卡韦治疗失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化

目的探讨恩替卡韦治疗失代偿期乙型肝炎（乙肝）肝硬化临床疗效。方法选取失代偿期乙肝肝硬化患者共44例。随机分为治疗组22例,对照组22例。2组均给予还原型谷胱甘肽、促肝细胞生长素、甘草酸二铵等综合性保肝、护肝治疗。对照组加拉米夫定100mg,口服,1／d;治疗组加恩替卡韦O．5mg,口服,1／d。疗程均为52周。结果2组患者在HBVDNA水平下降,改善肝功能、血清肝纤维化指标、凝血酶原活动度及Child-Pu-sh积分等方面与治疗前比较,有统计学意义;2组治疗后比较,无统计学意义。结论恩替卡韦治疗失代偿期乙肝肝硬化患者,疗效明确,安全洼好。     

Danshao Huaxian capsule in treatment of decompensated cirrhosis resulting from chronic hepatitis B

BACKGROUND: The prognosis of decompensated cirrhosis resulting from chronic hepatitis B is poor, and the benefits of treatment with interferon are ourweight serious sideeffects and the risk of fatal exacerbation of disease. Danshao Huaxian capsule rapidly reduces hepatitis B virus(HBV)-DNA in serum to undetectable levels. METHODS: A total of 35 patients with chronic hepatitis B and decompensated cirrhosis were treated with Danshao Huaxian 1.2g. po. tid daily. Before the treatment, HBVDNA in serum was positive in all patients. Ten patients had Child-Pugh class B and 25, class C hepatitis B. Seven patients underwent liver transplantation within 6 months of initial treatment. Of the 10 patients of class B, 5 died within 6 months, and the other 5 did not complete the treatment for some reasons; the 25 patients of class C were treated for at least 6 months (mean =19 months). RESULTS: In most of the 25 patients, liver function was improved slowly but markedly after 9 months of treatment, showing a decreased level of serum bilirubin from 67±13 to 30±4μmol/L (P<0.05, baseline vs.6 months), an increased level of serum albumin from 27±1 to 34±1 g/L(P<0.05) and a decreased level of Child-Pugh score from 10.3±0.4 to 7.5+0.5 (P<0.05). Three patients developed resistance to Danshao Huaxian because of a mutation in the YMDD motif, but liver function was not deteriorated. Inhibition of viral replication with Danshao Huaxian resulted in a significant improvement of liver function in patients with decompensated HBV cirrhosis, but the long-term results remain uncertain. CONCLUSION: Danshao Huaxian capsule is effective in inhibiting viral DNA replication in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and making clinical improvement.     

Determinants of early mortality and benefits of lamivudine therapy in patients with hepatitis B virus-related decompensated liver cirrhosis

Chronic hepatitis B infection (HBV) is a major health problem worldwide. The prognosis is grave for patients with HBV-related decompensated liver cirrhosis (LC). We evaluated the effectiveness and the determinants of early mortality of lamivudine treatment in patients with HBV-related decompensated LC. Thirty patients with HBV-related decompensated LC and active viral replication were treated with lamivudine 100 mg daily for a median duration of 9 months. Among these patients, five patients died within 3 months. Two patients were lost to follow-up at week 8 and 9. One patient was treated for <6 months. Twenty-two patients were treated over 6 months. Univariate analysis revealed that the total bilirubin (P = 0.008), prothrombin time (P = 0.004), Child-Turcotte-Pugh score (P = 0.005), the model of efd-stage liver disease score (P = 0.004) and stage III hepatic encephalopathy (P = 0.001) were predictive factors of early mortality. Multivariate analysis revealed that the independent factor associated with early mortality was stage III encephalopathy. Among 22 patients, liver function improved markedly after lamivudine therapy. Of the nine hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients, three had HBeAg seroconversion. Two patients had YMDD mutant and virological breakthrough at 41 and 46 weeks. One of the two had hepatocellular carcinoma and died of hepatic failure at week 125; the other received adefovir and is doing well. Lamivudine appeared to have benefits in viral suppression and significant improvement in liver function in patients with HBV-related decompensated LC. As noted in prior studies, poor baseline liver function is associated with a poor prognosis in Asian patients with decompensated HBV cirrhosis treated with lamivudine.     

Collagen proportionate area of liver tissue determined by digital image analysis in patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis

BACKGROUND: The accurate assessment of the degree of hepatic fibrosis plays a critical role in guiding the diagnosis, treatment and prognostic assessment of chronic liver diseases. Liver biopsy is currently the most reliable method to evaluate the severity of hepatic fibrosis. However, liver biopsy is an invasive procedure associated with morbidity and mortality, and has several limitations in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. There is no report on the collagen proportionate area (CPA) of liver tissue ...     

拉米夫定治疗失代偿期乙肝肝硬化的临床研究

目的观察拉米夫定对失代偿期乙肝肝硬化患者的治疗效果和安全性。方法60例患者Child-Pugh评分、基础情况相当，分为治疗组和对照组各30例，治疗组在常规治疗同时服用拉米夫定，每日100mg，对照组给予常规治疗。结果拉米夫定治疗随访时间中位数为2年2月。所有患者治疗3～6月后症状和体征逐渐改善，腹水消失。拉米夫定治疗组1年内血清HBV-DNA转阴率76．67％（23／30），血清白蛋白和PTA上升、总胆红素均有下降，Child-Pugh评分减少，2年生存率达93．33％，并发症及再次住院率明显下降。拉米夫定治疗出现YMDD变异率：1年为6．67％（2／30），2年为33．33％（10／30），出现病毒变异后及时加用阿德福韦酯的患者肝功能恢复良好。结论拉米夫定治疗能改善失代偿期乙肝肝硬化肝功能和提高生存率。一旦出现YMDD变异，及时加用阿德福韦酯等针对YMDD变异的抗病毒药物可抑制变异的HBV的复制，防止肝功能恶化。     

乙肝肝硬化失代偿期败血症患者病原菌特点分析

目的 探讨乙型肝炎(乙肝)肝硬化失代偿期患者发生败血症的病原菌分布特点、感染特点及对常用抗菌药物的耐药情况.方法 选取2015年3月—2017年12月我院收治的490例乙肝肝硬化失代偿期患者作为研究对象.采用全自动血液培养仪和琼脂纸片扩散法对患者病原菌感染及药物敏感(药敏)结果进行分析.结果 490例患者中,病原菌阳性患者51例,阳性率为10.41％,共培养出病原菌59株,以革兰阴性菌为主,占72.88％,其次为革兰阳性菌,占22.03％.乙肝肝硬化失代偿期患者发生败血症病原菌对临床常用抗菌药物均存在一定耐药性,革兰阴性菌中嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对氨苄西林的耐药率最高,达7/9,革兰阳性菌中金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素、克林霉素、利福平耐药率最高,达2/3.结论 乙肝肝硬化失代偿期患者发生败血症病原菌主要以革兰阴性菌为主,对目前临床常用抗菌药物均存在一定耐药性,因此对乙肝肝硬化失代偿期发生败血症患者医院感染病原菌及耐药性要进行动态监测,依据药敏结果选择合理抗菌药物治疗.     

替比夫定治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化患者48周临床观察

目的观察替比夫定治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化患者48周疗效。方法采用随机、对照队列研究方法,将93例乙型肝炎肝硬化患者分成三组,替比夫定（LDT）组32例,拉米夫定（LAM）组31例,对照组30例,采用常规保肝对症治疗,疗程均为48周。观察治疗不同时间点患者的病毒学、生化学、凝血酶原时间（PT）、肝纤维化指标及Child—Pugh计分等变化情况。结果LDT组患者HBVDNA水平显著下降,HBVDNA转阴率优于LAM组和对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。在24和48周LDT组患者血清HBeAg阴转率及HBeAg／抗-HBe血清学转换率与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。AⅡ、AST、TBil明显下降,肝纤维化指标改善,Child—Pugh计分下降,在24和48周,LDT组和LAM组较治疗前比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论LDT治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化患者能有效、快速抑制病毒复制,改善肝功能、肝纤维化指标及Child—Pugh计分等。