臭氧与机械冲洗联合作用对微生物杀灭效果的探讨

目的：通过臭氧与机械冲洗联合作用，观察其对微生物的杀灭效果。方法：将臭氧发生器发生的臭氧经气液混合装置溶于流动水中。采用载体冲洗杀菌试验。结果：流动水臭氧含量为9．04mg／L。流量为6．85L／min，作用10min．对细菌繁殖体的平均杀灭率≥99．92％，作用40min，对白色念珠菌的平均杀灭率为99．94％；流动水臭氧含量为14．32mg／L。流量为6．85L／min，作用40min，对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽胞的平均杀灭率为99．92％。结论：低浓度的臭氧水与机械冲洗联合作用对细菌繁殖体、白色念珠菌、枯草杆菌、黑色变种芽胞均有良好杀菌作用。     

AOP-X臭氧消毒器对水中细菌杀灭效果的试验研究

目的：为了解AOP-X臭氧消毒器对水中细菌杀灭效果。方法：采用悬液定量杀菌试验进行研究。结果：将臭氧含量为5．19mg／L的AOP-X臭氧消毒器发生液直接流入试验用流动水样中，发生液流速为7L／min、试验用流动水样流速为20L／min，流出水样中臭氧含量平均为1．99mg／L，pH值平均为7．38，作用10min时，水中大肠杆菌菌落数下降至0cfu／100ml；在水温分别为5℃、20℃、30℃，水的色度分别为0度、10度、15度以及水的pH值分别为6．5、7．0、8．5条件下，对水中大肠杆菌的杀灭效果均无明显影响；对自然污染的河水及医院污水进行试验，发生液流速为7L／min、试验用污水流速为20L／min，作用时间15min时，水中细菌菌落总数均下降至0cfu／100ml。结论：臭氧消毒器可用于饮用水及污水消毒，达到净化水的目的。     

臭氧气体杀菌效果观察

通过ＸＹＱ消毒净化器发生的臭氧对不同实验菌的杀菌效果观察，结果显示，当臭氧浓度为０．４９ｍｇ／Ｌ作用６０分钟时，可杀灭物体表面９９．９９％的细菌繁殖体和９８．７％的细菌芽胞。     

医院门诊二氧化氯空气消毒效果研究

目的：观察二氧化氯消毒剂气溶胶喷雾和普通喷壶喷雾对医院门诊空气细菌杀灭效果。方法：对医院门诊空气中菌落数进行消毒前和消毒后监测。结果：2000mg／L的二氧化氯溶液用普通喷壶喷雾后30min，平均细菌杀灭率为46．35％；气溶胶喷雾器喷雾后30min，平均细菌杀灭率为95．88％，差异显著。随着时间延长，二氧化氯气溶胶细菌杀灭率提高。结论：二氧化氯消毒剂气溶胶喷雾作用30min可达到可靠的消毒效果，适用于医院诊室的消毒。     

臭氧消毒机消毒效果观察

我科治疗室内采用臭氧消毒机以来 ,空气培养合格率明显高于紫外线灯消毒效果 ,现报告如下。1　结　果1997～ 2 0 0 0年 15 7份样本空气培养合格率为 99.36 %。1994～ 1997年 15 6份样本合格率为 75 %。臭氧消毒机空气消毒效果明显优于紫外线灯消毒效果。2　 讨　论臭氧消毒机是以空气为原料制备臭氧。臭氧对细菌、真菌、病毒等微生物都具有极强杀灭力。它杀灭病毒是通过直接破坏其 RNA或 DNA物质完成的 ,而杀灭细菌、真菌类微生物则是臭氧首先作用于细胞膜 ,继而破坏膜内组织 ,直至杀死病菌。由于臭氧消毒为空气杀菌 ,不受物体遮挡影响 ,…     

纳米光催化动态空气消毒净化器的应用研究

目的验证纳米光催化动态空气消毒净化器的应用效果。方法选择JBL-400系列的自循环移动式、自循环镶嵌式、加载空调风口式等类型的纳米光催化空气消毒净化器，参照《消毒技术规范》分别对监护室病房、普通手术室、治疗室等医疗用房进行空气消毒的模拟现场试验与现场试验。结果自循环移动式对人工染菌消毒30min的杀灭率〉99．9％，应用3种类型消毒净化器分别对不同医疗用房持续消毒，静态细菌总数均可达到Ⅱ类区域标准（≤200CFU／m3），自然菌动态消亡率为56．8％～78．4％，动态细菌总数维持在低水平，达到Ⅱ类或Ⅲ类区域标准。结论JBL-400系列纳米光催化空气消毒净化器应用形式多样，消毒作用快，效果可靠，正确合理使用，可适用于各类医疗用房的动态空气消毒。     

三氧消毒杀菌机空气消毒效果观察

三出消毒杀菌机以空气为原料，运用波同管冷阴极电晕放电法制备臭氧（q），臭氧是一广谱杀菌剂，可杀灭空气中的细菌田范体和芽胞、病毒、且自筹。我院换药室、治疗室用王氧消毒杀回机进行空气消毒，与资外线空气消毒相比较，效果可月，优于莱外线消毒，现报告如下：1材料...     

OM-500型臭氧空气消毒杀菌机杀菌效果观察

目的：研究OM-500型臭氧空气消毒杀菌机的杀菌效果。方法：采用载体定量表面杀菌试验及现场空气消毒试验两种方法观察臭氧作用不同时间对物体表面细菌及空气中细菌的杀灭效果。结果：用载体定量表面消毒杀菌试验，对金黄色葡萄球菌杀灭率60min达94．41％；对大肠杆菌杀灭率5min达97．3％，60min达100％；用现场空气消毒试验法，空气中自然菌减少率30min可达90．88％，60min达到95．74％，120min达到99．03％。结论：本机型消毒效果良好。     

臭氧的消毒作用、影响因素及分解动力学

目的：进一步了解臭氧的消毒效果和分解情况，提供评价依据。方法：观察臭氧空气消毒器（灭菌箱，灭菌灯）和臭氧家用电子消毒柜开机后对细菌、乙肝表面抗原的消毒作用，同时观察影响因素。臭氧分解动力学。结果：臭氧对空气中自然菌和人工污染的细菌均有较好的杀灭作用；臭氧作用120分钟不能破坏乙肝表面抗原。臭氧消毒受温度、湿度、有机物影响；消毒时臭氧的产生和分解与开机的时间成正比，相关系数0．98。本次获得臭氧空气消毒的分解模式为Y＝O．22x－0.193，家用臭氧消毒柜为y=0．0015X(＋0.0168)。     

臭氧消毒机对空气微生物消毒效果试验观察

目的：探讨臭氧消毒机的机器性能和消毒灭菌效果。方法：按卫生部《消毒技术规范》、‘紫外分光光度法测定空气中臭氧含量’测定，开机不同时间实验室内臭氧浓度及关机后臭氧残留浓度，臭氧消毒机对试验菌的杀灭效果。结果：臭氧消毒机开机30min实验室内臭氧浓度达到8．28mg／m^3，开机30min、45min对空气中白色葡萄球菌气溶胶的平均杀灭率分别为99．96％、100％；现场试验中开机2h，对空气中自然菌的平均消亡率可达96．．48％，该机消毒效果可靠。结论：臭氧消毒机是一种高效、安全、可靠、广泛适用的医疗消毒器械。     

环境空气中现场测定手持式甲醛测定仪的研制

目的　建立一种现场测定环境空气中甲醛含量的灵敏、快速、廉价方法。方法　在自行研制的手持式高灵敏光度计的基础上 ,研制一种动态线性范围宽、样品和试剂用量少、分析速度快、无可动部件、灵敏度高、结构简单、轻便耐用、耗电量低的手持式甲醛测定仪 ,同时开发一种甲醛测定专用试剂包。结果　使用本方法测定甲醛的线性范围是0 0 0 1～ 0 3mg/L ,定量检测下限为 0 0 0 1mg/L ,线性相关系数为 0 999,测定的相对误差在± 5 %以内。 结论　本仪器用于环境空气中甲醛的现场测定 ,结果满意。     

臭氧发生器的结构设计及性能评价

以空气或氧气为气源，采用电晕放电技术，设计了一种由臭氧管、高频电源、风机和控制系统组成臭氧发生器。性能检测表明，气源及气体流量对臭氧产量有很大影响，随着气体中氧含量及气体流量升高，臭氧产量增加。该臭氧发生器产生臭氧浓度高，稳定性好，在空气及水净化方面有很好的应用前景。     

What is an effective portable air cleaning device? A review

The use of portable air cleaning devices in residential settings has been steadily growing over the last 10 years. Three out of every 10 households now contain a portable air cleaning device. This increased use of air cleaners is accompanied by, if not influenced by, a fundamental belief by consumers that the air cleaners are providing an improved indoor air environment. However, there is a wide variation in the performance of air cleaners that is dependent on the specific air cleaner design and various indoor factors. The most widely used method in the United States to assess the performance of new air cleaners is the procedure described in the American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM) AC-1-2002. This method describes both the test conditions and the testing protocol. The protocol yields a performance metric that is based on the measured decay rate of contaminant concentrations with the air cleaner operating compared with the measured decay rate with the air cleaner turned off. The resulting metric, the clean air delivery rate (CADR), permits both an intercomparison of performance among various air cleaners and a comparison of air cleaner operation to other contaminant removal processes. In this article, we comment on the testing process, discuss its applicability to various contaminants, and evaluate the resulting performance metrics for effective air cleaning.     

新型组合式新风净化器去除SO_2的性能研究

目的分析一种应用于户式集中空调系统的新型新风净化器在不同SO_2浓度下的一次净化效率。方法该新型新风净化器由KOH改性活性炭与活性高锰酸钾球混合吸附过滤器、PP聚丙烯湿膜加湿过滤器和碳纤维负离子电离过滤器三部分组成。将4种过滤组件安装在风道式空气净化性能试验台上,在改变SO_2初始浓度条件下测试不同过滤组件的净化效率。结果该新型组合式新风净化器对SO_2的一次净化效率高达78.1%~80.2%。在空气SO_2浓度低于2.4 mg/m~3时,采用本新型组合式新风净化器净化后的空气SO_2浓度低于国家标准限值。结论该新型新风净化器较传统单一净化技术过滤器对SO_2的一次净化效率更具有优势。     

Tobacco smoke removal with room air cleaners

The ability of room air cleaners to remove gases and particles from air contaminated with tobacco smoke has been studied. Thirty-one air cleaners were tested. Various air-cleaning devices were used, ie, electrostatic precipitators, electret fiber filters, ionizers, activated carbon, impregnated alumina, ionizing lamps, and an electron generator. The airflow rates were in the range of 0-500 m3/h. The measurements covered particle sizes of 0.01-7.5 microns and the following gases: carbon monoxide, ammonia, formaldehyde, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrocarbons, and hydrogen cyanide. No formal standard procedure exists for testing room air cleaners; therefore the tests were made in the following way. Tobacco smoke was generated and mixed in a closed room. The room air cleaner was started, and the decay rates for the gases and particles were measured. The results were calculated as equivalent airflow rates, ie, the clean airflow rate causing the same decay rate for contaminant concentrations in a room. The equivalent airflow rates were 0-360 m3/h. The rate of ozone emission by electrostatic precipitators and ionizers was also measured. One general conclusion was that it is much more difficult to remove gases than particles.     

微型空气净化器的创新技术

近年来．随着新技术的大量涌入人类赖以生存的环境变得越来越恶化．尤其是“室内空气的污染”已成为危害人们健康的最重要的因素。综合调查研究结果显示，主要污染物分为3类；①可吸入颗粒；②微生物；③有害挥发气体。2年前我们研制出纳米光催化空气消毒器，已在各大医院推广应用，收到良好的效果．但仍有一定的缺陷。目前我们利用纳米级二氧化钛的强氧化作用．制作出具有光催化降解和吸附一体化功能的微型空气净化器．能在极短的时间内清除空气的污染，是办公室、病房、车内等小环境最有效、携带方便的空气净化器。该产品特点：①材料技术创新：采用新载体装载和单分子层稀土元素装饰纳米级二氧化钛；②结构技术创新：采用紫外LED作为紫外光源，将光波长由360纳米提升到400纳米，使机器体积缩小，寿命延长；③机器外观创新：微型带来创作的人性化。     

苯系物现场快速检测仪的研制及其应用

目的研制出一种用于室内空气中苯系物(苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯)现场快速检测的便携式仪器。方法应用苯环显色反应,开发出与检测仪配套使用的化学试剂盒和防止酸气干扰的清洗器。结果仪器从采样到报出检测结果可以在30 min以内完成。结论该仪器适用于室内空气中苯系物是否符合国标限量的快速筛查。     

Particulates in domestic premises. II. Ambient levels and indoor-outdoor relationships.

Three indoor environments, two residential and on institutional, were monitored for particulate and gaseous air pollutants over a one-year period. Inside air particulate levels decreased at night and under conditions of no household activity. Different homes showed different time lags in correlating inside vs outside particle counts. Indoor particle count reduction correlated to rate of air flow through the precipitator. The standard, portable household vacuum cleaner produced about a 100% increase in counts of particles measuring 1.0 mum and larger, as compared to a 50% increase produced by the central vacuum system. Particulates that were smaller than 1.0 mum were not substantially affected by smoking. The indoor gaseous pollutants showed very low maximum levels.     

Particulates in Domestic Premises

? Three indoor environments, two residential and one institutional, were monitored for particulate and gaseous air pollutants over a one-year period. Inside air particulate levels decreased at night and under conditions of no household activity. Different homes showed different time lags in correlating inside vs outside particle counts. Indoor particle count reduction correlated to rate of air flow through the precipitator. The standard, portable household vacuum cleaner produced about a 100% increase in counts of particles measuring 1.0μm and larger, as compared to a 50% increase produced by the central vacuum system. Particulates that were smaller than 1.0μm were not substantially affected by household activity, but they were affected by smoking. The indoor gaseous pollutants showed very low maximum levels.