精神分裂症患者一级亲属免疫球蛋白及补体系统的对照研究

目的　了解精神分裂症患者一级亲属的分子免疫学与正常人是否存在差异 ,并探讨其原因。方法　用免疫透射比浊法及PEG- 60 0 0沉淀透射比浊法测定精神分裂症患者、其一级亲属及健康对照者血清中免疫球蛋白、补体成分及CIC含量并相互比较。结果　精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属免疫球蛋白与健康对照者存在显著差异 ,补体成分及CIC差异不明显。结论　精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属与正常人存在分子免疫学差异 ,可能与精神分裂症的遗传学基础有关。     

家族性与散发性精神分裂症患者一级亲属分子免疫学对照研究

精神分裂症患者存在免疫学异常,且这种异常受多种因素的影响。我们根据Marry 1985年提出的家族性与散发性精神分裂症的概念,将首发未服药的精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属作为研究对象,进行免疫学探讨。1 资料1.1 样本来源:①家族性与散发性精神分裂症患者组(以下称家族性患者组及散发性患者组)均系我院2001年1月至2002年8     

首发精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属皮层兴奋性的对照研究

目的 了解首发（未用药）精神分裂症患者及其未患病的一级亲属的运动阈值（motor threshold，MT）与正常人的差异，以探讨首发精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属的皮层兴奋性变化。方法采用单脉冲经颅磁刺激（singnal—pulse Transeranial Magnetic Stimulation，sTMS）检测均为右利手的37例首发精神分裂症患者、37例患者未患病的一级亲属及39例正常对照的MT值。结果（1）首发精神分裂症患者及其未患病的一级亲属的MT值左右两侧间比较，均无显著性差异（P均〉0．05）；而正常对照的MT值为左侧低于右侧，差异有非常显著性（t=3．18，P〈0．01）。（2）左侧及右侧的MT值三组间比较均无显著性差异（P均〉0．05）。（3）首发精神分裂症患者左右侧的MT值与年龄、性别、精神分裂症分型及病程均无显著相关性（P均〉0．05）。结论首发精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属的皮层兴奋性与正常对照存在差异，具体表现为正常对照左、右两侧的皮层兴奋性存在不对称，而首发精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属这种不对称性消失，原因可能与优势半球神经元突触传递易化作用减弱或消失有关。     

精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属的手纹研究

精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属的手纹研究郑士全王福席王兆梅有文献报告认为，精神分裂症患者存在手纹异常。作者随机选择符合ＣＣＭＤ—２—Ｒ及ＩＣＤ—１０诊断标准，ＢＰＲＳ＞４０分的精神分裂症患者６２例，及其一级亲属８８例作手纹检查，并以５０例健康者为对照。均...     

精神分裂症及其一级亲属性格特征的对比分析

本研究对缓解期精神分裂症患者６８例及其一级亲属和正常人各１１２人进行ＭＭＰＩ测查。结果提示：精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属Ｈｓ、Ｄ、Ｈｙ、Ｐｄ、Ｐａ、Ｐｔ、Ｓｃ等量表分高于正常人，其中Ｐｄ、Ｐａ、Ｓｃ增幅最大；而患者和一级亲属之间各量表分比较接近。精神分裂症患者和一级亲属具有明显的分裂性人格，两者的性格特征可能有着共同的遗传学基础。     

精神分裂症患者一级亲属的探索性眼球活动障碍研究

目的:探讨精神分裂症患者一级亲属探索性眼球活动(EEM)障碍的发生率及与血清一氧化氮/一氧化氮合成酶(NO/NOS)水平的关系。方法:共收集精神分裂症患者一级亲属193名(研究组),健康对照者150名(对照组)进行EEM检查,同时检测血清NO/NOS水平。结果:精神分裂症一级亲属的EEM异常率(52.3%)显著高于对照组(14.7%)(χ2=52,P<0.01);在精神分裂症一级亲属中,具有EEM障碍者的血清NO和NOS水平显著低于无EEM障碍者(t=2.83,P<0.01;t=2.53,P<0.05)。结论:精神分裂症患者一级亲属EEM障碍的发生率增高,并可能存在血清NO/NOS水平低下。     

精神分裂症患者的脑脊液免疫球蛋白含量分析

作者对３４例精神分裂症患者的脑脊液中的免疫球蛋白含量进行了测定分析。结果显示：精神分裂症患者脑脊液中ＩｇＧ，ＩｇＡ，ＩｇＭ含量显著高于正常人对照组。这提示精神分理解症患者确有免疫学方面的异常。     

精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属性格特征的对照研究

目的探讨精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属的性格特征。方法选取住我院治疗处于缓解期的精神分裂症患者48例和一级亲属与正常组各79人，进行MMPI测查分析。结果精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属Hs、D、Hy、Pd、Pa、Pt、Sc量表分高于正常人，而患者和一级亲属间各量表分接近。结论精神分裂症患者及一级亲属具有明显的分裂性人格，两者的性格特征可能有着共同的遗传学基础。     

精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属探究性眼球轨迹运动的研究

目的 探讨精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属的眼球轨迹运动在生物遗传学上的意义。方法 应用眼球轨迹运动标记记录仪,对６４例精神分裂症患者（症状显著２６例,症状缓解３８例）及其２６例一级亲属、３５名正常人进行测试。经判别式分析获正分者为精神分裂症性障碍,获负分者为非精神分裂症性障碍,并以眼球轨迹运动的有关参数作分析指标。结果 显著组患者判别式分析平均获２．０７６分,缓解组患者获２．５７１分,一级亲属且平均获     

首发精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属感觉门控P50研究

目的探讨首发精神分裂症患者及其未患病的一级亲属感觉门控电位P50的特征。方法采用条件-测试听觉刺激模式对50例首发精神分裂症患者(患者组)、40名未患病的一级亲属(亲属组)和50名正常人(正常对照组)进行P50检测,比较3组P50各成分之间的差异。结果患者组、亲属组和正常对照组3组之间P50潜伏期比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);患者组和亲属组测试刺激所诱发的P50(S2-P50)波幅(中位数1.69uV和1.39uV)高于正常对照组(0.92uV),而2组条件与测试刺激P50波幅的差值(中位数0.16uV和0.44uV)与P50抑制率(中位数10.23%和19.10%)低于正常对照组(1.32uV与62.29%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);正常对照组内男女性别组间P50各项指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论精神分裂症患者及其未患病的一级亲属均存在P50感觉门控功能异常,提示P50可能是精神分裂症的遗传素质指标。     

精神分裂症免疫功能与血清5-羟色胺的研究

目的:研究阴性型和阳性型精神分裂症患者免疫功能和神经生化物质改变情况及其变化规律.方法:选择阴性型和阳性型精神分裂症患者各20例以及20名正常对照者,抽取静脉血检测T细胞亚群,主要免疫球蛋白和补体C3、C4水平,和血清5-羟色胺(5-HT)水平.结果:阴性型精神分裂症患者CD 3下降,阳性型CD 3、CD 4则升高;IgG、IgA水平2种类型精神分裂症患者均显著降低;5-HT水平阳性型精神分裂症患者显著升高,阴性型精神分裂症患者显著降低.结论:精神分裂症患者伴随有免疫功能的改变,不同类型的精神分裂症其免疫应答参与机制也有不同.     

Immunological and genetic studies in primary generalized corticoreticular epilepsy

Serum immunoglobulin and HLA investigations were carried out in 21 probands with primary generalized corticoreticular epilepsy (PGCE) and in 26 of their first degree relatives. The mean serum levels of IgG, IgA and IgM in the epileptic probands were not significantly different from controls. In the relatives, however, the mean serum levels of IgA and IgM were significantly decreased as compared to controls. With respect to HLA investigations, the frequencies of 63 HLA specificities determined and of 5 most commonly occurring haplotypes were not significantly different in the experimental groups as compared to controls. These findings are in agreement with a previous HLA investigation of PGCE but are in contrast with a similar study of partial epilepsy. It is suggested that the contrasting HLA findings between PGCE and partial epilepsy may reflect underlying differences in the etiology of these disorders.     

Ataxia and the role of antigliadin antibodies

BACKGROUND: Although it is acknowledged that patients with celiac disease can develop neurological complications such as ataxia, the association of antigliadin antibodies in the etiology of sporadic ataxia and the usefulness of this testing in diagnosis of ataxia is controversial. METHODS: We investigated this association by testing for the presence of IgG and IgA antigliadin antibodies in 56 ataxic patients and 59 controls. The ataxia patients were subsequently classified into three groups: sporadic, hereditary and MSA. RESULTS: Of the total ataxic patients, 6/56 (11%) were positive for either IgG or IGA antigliadin antibodies compared to the controls of which 5/59 (8%) were positive (p = 0.68). In a subgroup analysis, 4/29 (14%) of the samples in the sporadic ataxic subgroup were positive for antigliadin antibodies (IgG or IgA) compared to control (p = 0.44). Similar negative results were found in the remaining subgroup analyses. CONCLUSIONS: These results do not support an association between antigliadin antibodies and sporadic ataxias.     

皮层下动脉硬化性脑病患者免疫功能的变化

采用全血形态法、致敏羊红细胞花环直接法、琼脂单扩散法、死活菌鉴别染色法及聚乙二醇浊度法，对３４例皮层下动脉硬化性脑病（ＳＡＥ）患者及４０例脑动脉硬化症患者进行免疫学研究。结果表明，ＳＡＥ患者及脑动脉硬化症患者外周血ＰＨＡ淋巴细胞转化率及辅助性Ｔ细胞（ＣＤ４）显著降低；ＳＡＥ患者外周血中性粒细胞吞噬率显著降低，而血清ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＭ、Ｃ３、Ｃ４、ＣＩＣ水平显著升高；脑动脉硬化症患者血清ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＡ、Ｃ３、Ｃ４水平亦显著增高。结果提示ＳＡＥ及脑动脉硬化症患者确实存在免疫紊乱现象，且ＳＡＥ患者较脑动脉硬化症患者紊乱更为显著。     

同胞精神分裂症与5-羟色胺2A受体基因的关联分析

目的 探讨慢性精神分裂症患者的受累同胞和散发性精神分裂症与5-羟色胺2A受体基因(5-HT2A)T102C多态性的关联。方法 先用严格的纳入标准收集共患慢性精神分裂症的同胞60对(120例)和散发性精神分裂症120例,分别与正常同胞60对(120名)和120名正常人对照,采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增及MspI内切酶酶切技术,检测各组的5-HT2A受体基因的基因型和等位基因的频率分布。结果 60对共患慢性精神分裂症的受累同胞组5-HT2A受体基因A1／A1基因型频率显著高于正常同胞组(X2=5.58,P<0.05),经配对比较,患者同胞组共有A1／A1基因型也显著多于正常同胞组(X2=3.94,P<0.05),而散发性精神分裂症与正常人对照组各基因型和等位基因的构成差异均无显著性意义。结论 共患慢性精神分裂症的同胞与5-HT2A受体基因A1／A1型关联,A1／A1纯合子易患精神分裂症,散发性精神分裂症可能与5-HT2A受体基因无关联。     

精神分裂症一级亲属情感表达与人格特征的相关性

目的:探讨精神分裂症一级亲属情感表达与人格特征的相关性。方法:对130例精神分裂症一级亲属与117例对照组采用坎伯威尔家庭问卷中文版(CFI-CV)和分裂型人格问卷(SPQ)进行评估,根据CFI-CV评分,将样本分为高情感表达组和低情感表达组,对样本的人格特征进行比较。结果:在精神分裂症一级亲属中高情感表达组SPQ阴性分裂型评分显著高于低情感表达组(t=2.634,P<0.01),其余各维度差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);精神分裂症一级亲属中高情感表达组SPQ阴性分裂型评分显著高于对照组中高情感表达组(t=2.687,P<0.01),其余各维度差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:精神分裂症健康一级亲属的情感表达与人格特征有极高的相关性。     

Platelet monoamine oxidase activity in schizophrenia: Relationship to family history of the illness and neuroleptic treatment

Platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity was determined in a large population of drug-free and haloperidol-treated schizophrenic patients and healthy controls and, in a second study, in a sample of schizophrenics after a wash-out period and at different times during treatment with haloperidol. Enzyme activity was significantly decreased in both acute and chronic haloperidol-treated schizophrenics, but not in drug-free schizophrenics, compared with normal controls. No significant difference was observed between drug-free schizophrenics with a family history of the illness and those without such history, and between healthy relatives of schizophrenic patients and normal controls without a family history of schizophrenia.MAO activity was significantly reduced after 14 and 21 days of haloperidol treatment, and such reduction did not correlate with response to treatment. These data strongly support the idea that neuroleptic intake may, at least in part, explain low MAO values repeatedly reported in schizophrenics.     

Magnetic resonance imaging study of the ventricle-brain ratio in parents of schizophrenia subjects

Structural abnormalities found in probands with schizophrenia have been reported to occur to some degree in their unaffected relatives. However, there has yet to be a study that has focused on brain changes of parents of schizophrenics who are not the presumed obligate carriers. Using MRI, the authors studied the ventricle-brain ratio (VBR) of 9 pairs of parents of schizophrenics and 18 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. VBRs of the unaffected parents of schizophrenics were significantly larger than those of the controls. Our results suggest that large VBRs aggregate in the parents of schizophrenics and may serve as an indicator of vulnerability to the disorder.